CN107218179B - Construction method for split installation of offshore wind turbines - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a construction method for the split installation of an offshore wind turbine. The wind turbine is located on a foundation, comprising a tower and a wind turbine located above the tower. The wind turbine is separately hoisted onto the foundation via an auxiliary platform, thereby achieving the split installation of the wind turbine. The present invention utilizes the auxiliary platform to perform split installation of the wind turbine, effectively reducing the impact of wind and waves on wind turbine installation and improving installation efficiency.

Description

Construction method for split installation of offshore wind turbines

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a construction method for split installation of offshore wind power generators.

Background technique

my country has a vast sea area and abundant offshore wind energy resources. The potential of utilizing sea wind wind power is great. However, the development of offshore wind energy in my country is relatively late. The completion of the Donghai Bridge Offshore Wind Farm marks the official start of offshore wind power generation in my country.

As a new type of energy, offshore wind power is currently located in the offshore environment of more than 10 nautical miles offshore. At present, there are two main ways to install and construct offshore wind turbines. One is to use large floating cranes for direct overall hoisting. Special large-scale equipment is used for fan installation. Due to the harsh sea conditions, especially the influence of natural conditions such as wind, waves and currents in the construction area on the construction of ships and machinery, no matter which of the above schemes is adopted, there are the following disadvantages: due to the high center of gravity of the overall sea transportation of wind turbines, the risk of overturning is high. ; And during transportation, not only should the capacity of transportation and hoisting equipment be greatly improved, but also the overall installation of buffer devices should be considered in the design of wind turbines to reduce the collision rate of marine and marine installations, resulting in large offshore wind turbines. The installation and construction are difficult.

In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems, the Chinese invention patent (CN101985917A) discloses a construction method for the assembly of offshore wind turbines. The tower crane is assembled on the land, and the floating crane is used to hoist it to the square barge, and then the tower crane is lifted by the floating crane. After installing on the pier and fixing it on the pier; after the tower is installed on the pier, install the three-section tower of the fan in sequence, hoist the fan main engine, the hub and the blade; use the clamping device to loosen the tower of the fan , flip to the vertical position, retract the boom and tower column, and use the floating crane to hoist the tower crane to the transport barge. The above-mentioned offshore wind turbine assembly installation and construction method reduces the dead weight, reduces the cost, and facilitates the overall installation of the tower crane. However, due to the high precision requirements of the fan installation, the requirements for the lifting equipment are also very high. There is a problem that it is easily affected by waves during installation, which reduces construction efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem that the installation of wind turbines in the prior art is easily affected by sea conditions, resulting in low construction efficiency, so as to provide an offshore wind turbine that is less affected by sea conditions and ensures the installation stability of wind turbines to the greatest extent. The construction method of wind turbine split installation.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a construction method for the split installation of an offshore wind turbine, wherein the wind turbine is located on the bearing platform of the fan foundation, wherein the wind turbine includes a tower and is located on the tower. The fan above includes the following steps: step S1: pile-driving the pile foundation of the fan foundation; step S2: manufacturing an auxiliary platform, and installing the auxiliary platform beside the fan foundation, so that the auxiliary platform is close to the fan foundation The fan foundation; Step S3: Set up a spreader on the auxiliary platform, and continue to install the cable pipes, ship-receiving facilities, anti-collision structure, and steel reinforcement and formwork of the fan base with the cooperation of the spreader. and the concrete structure for construction; Step S4: on the auxiliary platform, the tower is first hoisted to the bearing platform by using the hanger and installed, and then the fan is hoisted to the tower. and install it.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary platform adopts a jacket structure and is integrally formed by splicing.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the auxiliary platform is installed, an anti-sinking reinforcing rod is provided at the lower end of the auxiliary platform, and the anti-settling reinforcing rod is made to penetrate deep into the mud.

In an embodiment of the present invention, auxiliary piles are installed at the node positions of the auxiliary platform, and the method for installing the auxiliary piles is: first, vertically inserting the auxiliary piles into the casings at the four corner points of the auxiliary platform Four auxiliary piles are driven to the design level by vibrating hammer, the auxiliary platform is lifted to the design level and the four auxiliary piles are fixed in the auxiliary pile casing, and then the remaining auxiliary piles are hoisted pile and attach the remaining auxiliary piles to the casing.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the method of vertically inserting four auxiliary piles into the casing at the four corners of the auxiliary platform is as follows: lifting the auxiliary piles by a crane, and inserting the auxiliary piles in sequence Inside the casing of the auxiliary platform, then the crane ship lifts the vibrating hammer, makes the clamp of the vibrating hammer close to the top of the auxiliary pile, clamps the clamp into the top of the pile and clamps it, and finally starts the vibrating hammer to The auxiliary piles vibrate and sink to the design elevation in sequence.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for lifting the auxiliary platform to the design level and fixing the four auxiliary piles in the auxiliary platform casing is: after the auxiliary platform is lifted to the design level, after the auxiliary platform is lifted to the design level The resting beam is inserted into the through hole on the casing of the auxiliary platform, so that the four auxiliary piles are located under the resting beam.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for fixing the remaining auxiliary piles on the auxiliary platform is as follows: holes are formed on the remaining auxiliary piles to form installation holes, and the installation holes on the remaining auxiliary piles are aligned with each other. Align the through holes on the auxiliary platform casing, and then pass the corresponding resting beams through the installation holes, so that the remaining auxiliary piles are fixed on the auxiliary platform.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the auxiliary platform is installed, a crane is used to lift the auxiliary platform to a pre-marked position, so that the auxiliary platform is close to the starboard side of the positioning ship. When the position of the center line on the top of the positioning vessel coincides with the center line along the outboard of the positioning vessel, the auxiliary platform is leveled and then slowly lowered to the design elevation.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the tower includes a lowermost tower, a middle tower above the tower, and a top tower above the middle tower, and the construction of the cap for the fan foundation is completed Afterwards, the tower is hoisted on the support platform and installed on the auxiliary platform, and then the middle tower and the top tower are hoisted in sequence.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the wind turbine includes a nacelle located above the tower, a hub located on the nacelle, and three blades located on the hub. After the tower is installed, the auxiliary The combination of the nacelle and the hub is first hoisted on the platform by a hoist, and then the three blades are hoisted accordingly.

The above-mentioned technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

In the construction method for the split installation of the offshore wind turbine according to the present invention, the lifting equipment on the auxiliary platform can be used to safely and efficiently perform the installation of the fan platform cable pipe, the ship berthing facility, the anti-collision structure, and the reinforcement and formwork. The wind turbine can be installed separately, which reduces the impact of offshore wind and waves on the construction, realizes the "land construction" of the fan installation on the upper part of the cap, and effectively reduces the impact of wind and waves on the fan. The impact of installation and construction significantly improves the installation efficiency.

Description of drawings

In order to make the content of the present invention easier to understand clearly, the present invention will be described in further detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein

Fig. 1 is the construction method flow chart of the split installation of the offshore wind turbine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the fan bearing platform of the present invention and the auxiliary platform;

Figure 3 is a side view of the auxiliary platform of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the present embodiment provides a construction method for the split installation of an offshore wind turbine, the wind turbine is located on the bearing platform of the wind turbine foundation 10 , wherein the wind turbine includes a tower and The fan located above the tower includes the following steps: step S1: driving the pile foundation of the fan foundation 10; step S2: manufacturing an auxiliary platform 20, and installing the auxiliary platform 20 on the fan foundation Next to 10, make the auxiliary platform 20 close to the fan foundation 10; Step S3: set a sling on the auxiliary platform 20, and continue to align the cable pipes and leanings of the fan foundation 10 with the cooperation of the sling. Installation of ship facilities, anti-collision structure, and construction of the reinforcing steel, formwork and concrete structure of the cap; Step S4: firstly hoist the tower on the cap by using the sling on the auxiliary platform 20 and carry out, The fan is then hoisted to the tower and installed.

In the construction method for the split installation of the offshore wind turbine in this embodiment, the wind turbine is located on the platform of the wind turbine foundation 10, wherein the wind turbine includes a tower and a fan located above the tower, wherein The tower is located on the bearing platform. In the step S1, the pile foundation of the wind turbine foundation 10 is piled to fix the wind turbine foundation 10 on the sea; in the step S2, an auxiliary platform is manufactured 20, and install the auxiliary platform 20 beside the wind turbine foundation 10, so that the auxiliary platform 20 is close to the wind turbine foundation 10, so as to facilitate the subsequent construction of the wind turbine through the auxiliary platform 20, The "land construction" of the fan installation on the upper part of the platform is realized, the impact of wind and waves on the fan installation and construction is effectively reduced, and the installation efficiency is significantly improved; in the step S3, a crane is installed on the auxiliary platform 20. The installation of the cable duct, the ship berthing facility, the anti-collision structure, the reinforcing steel plate, the formwork and the concrete structure of the fan foundation 10 will continue to be carried out with the cooperation of the spreader. At this time, the auxiliary platform 20 will also Speeding up the installation of the cable duct, the ship-berthing facility, the anti-collision structure, and the construction of the reinforcing steel, formwork and concrete for the cap, effectively reducing the impact of wind and waves on the construction of the upper cap; in the step S4, in the auxiliary platform 20 , the tower is first hoisted to the platform and installed by using the spreader, so as to facilitate the installation of the tower on the platform, and then the auxiliary platform 20 is used to hoist the tower on the platform. The fan is hoisted to and installed on the tower, and the auxiliary platform facilitates the installation of the fan on the tower.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , the auxiliary platform 20 adopts a jacket structure and is integrally formed by splicing, which not only facilitates the construction in the factory, and has good working conditions, but also can effectively control the processing progress and ensure the quality. Specifically, the auxiliary platform 20 includes a jacket 21 . The jacket 21 is provided with a first cross bar 22 , a second cross bar 23 and a third cross bar 24 from top to bottom in the vertical direction, wherein The second cross bar 23 is below the designed low water level, so that the pile bearing capacity, buoyancy, and buoyancy lifting force of the jacket 21 are just balanced with their own weight; the third cross bar 24 is an anti-sinking reinforcement bar , is arranged at the lower end of the jacket 21, and makes the anti-settling reinforcing rod go deep into the mud, and the anti-settling reinforcing rod is beneficial to ensure the stability during installation. In addition, a diagonal brace is also provided between the jacket 21 and the first cross bar 22, and the diagonal brace is made of steel pipes.

In order to ensure the stability of the auxiliary platform 20, auxiliary piles 25 are respectively installed at 9 node positions of the auxiliary platform 20, and the method for installing the auxiliary piles 25 is as follows: namely, at node 1, node 2 to node 9 Each of the casings is provided with a casing, and an auxiliary pile 25 is installed in each of the casings, wherein the casings are all bottomed out when they are installed. Specifically, first vertically insert four auxiliary piles 25 into the casings at the four corners of the auxiliary platform 20, that is, insert four auxiliary piles 25 into the casings at the nodes 1, 3, 7 and 9 respectively. Auxiliary piles 25, the four auxiliary piles 25 are driven to the design level by a vibrating hammer, the auxiliary platform 20 is lifted to the design level and the four auxiliary piles 25 are fixed in the casing of the auxiliary platform 20, and then Lifting the remaining auxiliary piles 25 and fixing the remaining auxiliary piles 25 on the casing of the auxiliary platform 20, by first installing the auxiliary piles 25 at the four corner points, and then installing the auxiliary piles 25 at other positions, it can prevent When the auxiliary platform 20 is lifted up, the auxiliary piles 25 and the casing are tightly connected, which is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of construction, thereby speeding up the progress of construction, which will be described in detail below.

The method of vertically inserting four auxiliary piles 25 into the casings at the four corners of the auxiliary platform 20 is as follows: the auxiliary piles 25 are lifted by a crane ship, and the auxiliary piles are inserted into the auxiliary platform 20 Inside the casing, then the crane ship lifts the vibratory hammer, makes the clamp of the vibratory hammer close to the top of the auxiliary pile 25, clamps the clamp into the top of the pile and clamps, and finally starts the vibratory hammer to move the auxiliary pile 25. Vibrate and sink to the design elevation in turn. In order to fix the auxiliary piles 25 in the auxiliary platform 20, the method of lifting the auxiliary platform 20 to the design elevation and fixing the four auxiliary piles 25 in the auxiliary platform 20 is as follows: After the platform 20 is elevated to the design elevation, insert a resting beam into the through hole on the casing of the auxiliary platform 20, so that the four auxiliary piles 25 are located under the resting beam, thereby ensuring that the auxiliary piles 25 are always located at the bottom of the resting beam. inside the casing.

The method for fixing the remaining auxiliary piles 25 on the auxiliary platform 20 is as follows: holes are formed on the remaining auxiliary piles 25 to form installation holes, and the installation holes on the remaining auxiliary piles 25 are aligned with the auxiliary platform 20 The through holes on the inner casing, that is, the through holes on the casing at the positions of node 2, node 8, node 4, node 5 and node 6 are aligned with the installation holes on each of the auxiliary piles 25, and then The corresponding resting beams pass through the mounting holes, so that the remaining auxiliary piles 25 are fixed on the auxiliary platform 20 . Since the four auxiliary piles 25 at the four corners do not need openings, the four auxiliary piles 25 are fixed under the resting beams by raising the auxiliary platform 20 to the design elevation, thus reducing the openings The time and the time for the alignment of the two holes make the construction simple and effectively improve the construction efficiency. Wherein, the height difference gap between the resting beam and the tunnel can be fastened with steel plates, so as to ensure the stability of the auxiliary pile 25 .

When the auxiliary platform 20 is installed, use a crane to lift the auxiliary platform 20 to the pre-marked position, so that the auxiliary platform 20 is close to the starboard side of the positioning ship. When it is coincident with the center line of the outboard of the positioning vessel, the auxiliary platform 20 is leveled and then slowly lowered to the design elevation. After the auxiliary platform 20 is stabilized, it is decoupled, and then enters the construction stage of the auxiliary pile 25, which is beneficial to The stability of the auxiliary platform 20 is guaranteed. In addition, traction cables are also provided on both sides of the auxiliary platform 20 to prevent the auxiliary platform 20 from shaking greatly during installation. Wherein, before the auxiliary platform 20 is installed, the auxiliary platform 20 needs to be positioned. The specific positioning method is as follows: two GPS instruments are roved on the positioning ship (the positioning ship is on the sea-going side of the auxiliary platform 20) The two installation edges of the auxiliary platform 20 are measured and released on the deck, and the straight line formed by the centers of the two GPS instruments is parallel to the outboard edge of the ship, and the distance between the instruments is larger than the size of the stabilizing platform. Measure the two installation edge lines and the outboard edge of the ship. The vertical distance of the locating ship's side is parallel to the 20 side of the auxiliary platform. At the center position of the two GPS instruments, mark the profiling line perpendicular to the outer edge of the ship's side, and measure the distance from the center of the two GPS instruments to the profiling line. vertical distance.

In this embodiment, the tower includes a lowermost tower, a middle tower above the tower, and a top tower above the middle tower. On the auxiliary platform 20, the tower is hoisted to the bearing platform with a sling, and then the middle tower and the top tower are hoisted in sequence, the middle tower is fixed on the tower, and the The top tower is fixed on the middle tower.

The fan includes a nacelle located above the tower, a hub located on the nacelle, and three blades located on the hub. After the tower is installed, the auxiliary platform 20 is first hoisted with a spreader. The combination of the nacelle and the hub, the nacelle and the hub are fixed on the top tower, and then the three blades are hoisted accordingly, and the three blades are respectively fixed on the hub, so as to complete Installation of the wind turbine.

After the wind turbine is installed, the electrical system and the warning system are installed, and after the wind turbine system is debugged, and the acceptance is passed, the installation of the entire wind turbine is completed. In addition, the auxiliary platform 20 is provided with a large-scale hoisting device, and the hoisting device is used to provide the hoisting capacity and ensure the construction safety, so as to realize the hoisting of the wind turbine.

In this embodiment, the spreader is a large crawler crane.

To sum up, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The construction method for the split installation of the offshore wind turbine according to the present invention, the wind turbine is located on the bearing platform of the fan foundation, wherein the wind turbine comprises a tower and a fan located above the tower, wherein The tower is located on the bearing platform. In the step S1, the pile foundation of the wind turbine foundation is piled to fix the wind turbine foundation on the sea; in the step S2, the auxiliary platform is manufactured, and the The auxiliary platform is installed next to the wind turbine foundation, so that the auxiliary platform is close to the wind turbine foundation, so as to facilitate the subsequent construction of the wind turbine through the auxiliary platform, and realize the upper part of the bearing platform. The "land construction" of the fan installation effectively reduces the impact of wind and waves on the fan installation and construction, and significantly improves the installation efficiency; in the step S3, a spreader is set on the auxiliary platform, and the spreader is matched with the spreader. Continue to carry out the construction of the cable ducts, ship berthing facilities, anti-collision structure installation, and the steel cap, formwork and concrete structure of the fan foundation. At this time, the cable ducts, ship berthing facilities, The installation of the anti-collision structure and the construction of the reinforcing bars, formwork and concrete of the capping platform effectively reduce the impact of wind and waves on the construction of the upper capping platform; in the step S4, use the spreader on the auxiliary platform to first displace the wind force The tower of the generator is hoisted and installed on the platform, so as to facilitate the installation of the tower on the platform; and then the fan of the wind generator is hoisted to the supporting platform on the auxiliary platform. The auxiliary platform is used to facilitate the installation of the fan on the tower.

2. The construction method for the split installation of the offshore wind turbine according to the present invention, the four auxiliary piles at the four corners do not need to be opened, and the four auxiliary piles are fixed by lifting the auxiliary platform to the design elevation Below the resting beam, the time for opening the hole and the time for aligning the two holes are reduced, the construction is simple, and the construction efficiency is effectively improved.

Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, and are not intended to limit the implementation manner. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can also be made on the basis of the above description. There is no need and cannot be exhaustive of all implementations here. And the obvious changes or changes derived from this are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A construction method for the split installation of an offshore wind turbine, wherein the wind turbine is located on a bearing platform of a fan foundation, wherein the wind turbine comprises a tower and a fan positioned above the tower, characterized in that , including the following steps: Step S1: carry out pile driving on the pile foundation of the wind turbine foundation; Step S2: Manufacture an auxiliary platform, install the auxiliary platform beside the fan foundation, and make the auxiliary platform close to the fan foundation, wherein the auxiliary platform adopts a jacket structure and is integrally formed by splicing and forming. Auxiliary piles are installed at the node positions of the auxiliary platform, and the method for installing the auxiliary piles is as follows: first, vertically insert four auxiliary piles into the casing at the four corners of the auxiliary platform, and move the four auxiliary piles with a vibrating hammer. Drive the auxiliary piles to the design level, lift the auxiliary platform to the design level and fix the four auxiliary piles in the auxiliary platform casing, then hoist the remaining auxiliary piles and fix the remaining auxiliary piles on the casing ; Step S3: Set up a spreader on the auxiliary platform, and continue to construct the cable duct, ship-side facilities, anti-collision structure, and steel reinforcement, formwork and concrete structure of the fan foundation under the cooperation of the spreader ; Step S4 : using the hoisting tool on the auxiliary platform to first hoist the tower on the support platform and install it, and then hoist the fan to the tower and install it. 2 . The construction method for the split installation of offshore wind turbines according to claim 1 , wherein: when the auxiliary platform is installed, an anti-sinking reinforcing rod is arranged at the lower end of the auxiliary platform, and the anti-sinking reinforcement is made. 3 . The rod goes deep into the mud. 3. The construction method for the split installation of offshore wind turbines according to claim 1, wherein the method for vertically inserting four auxiliary piles into the casing at the four corners of the auxiliary platform is: The heavy ship lifts the auxiliary piles, inserts the auxiliary piles into the auxiliary platform casing in turn, and then lifts the vibrating hammers, so that the clamps of the vibratory hammers are close to the top of the auxiliary piles, and the clamps are clamped. Enter the top of the pile and clamp it, and finally start the vibrating hammer to vibrate and sink the auxiliary pile to the design elevation in sequence. 4 . The construction method for the split installation of offshore wind turbines according to claim 1 , wherein the method of lifting the auxiliary platform to the design elevation and fixing the four auxiliary piles in the auxiliary platform casing is as follows: 5 . : After the auxiliary platform is raised to the design elevation, insert a resting beam into the through hole on the casing of the auxiliary platform, so that the four auxiliary piles are located below the resting beam. 5 . The construction method for the split installation of offshore wind turbines according to claim 1 , wherein the method for fixing the remaining auxiliary piles on the casing is: opening holes on the remaining auxiliary piles to form installations. 6 . and align the mounting holes on the remaining auxiliary piles with the through holes on the auxiliary platform casing, and then pass the corresponding resting beams through the installation holes, so that the remaining auxiliary piles are fixed on the auxiliary platform. on the platform. 6 . The construction method for the split installation of offshore wind turbines according to claim 1 , wherein when the auxiliary platform is installed, a crane is used to lift the auxiliary platform to a pre-marked position, so that all the The auxiliary platform is close to the starboard side of the positioning ship. When the position of the center line on the auxiliary platform coincides with the center line along the outboard of the positioning ship, the auxiliary platform is leveled and lowered to the design elevation slowly. After the auxiliary platform is stabilized, it is decoupled, and then enters the auxiliary pile construction stage. 7 . The construction method for split installation of offshore wind turbines according to claim 1 , wherein the tower comprises a lowermost tower, a middle tower above the tower, and a middle tower located on the middle tower. 8 . For the top tower above, after the construction of the cap of the fan foundation is completed, the tower is hoisted to the cap on the auxiliary platform and installed, and then the middle tower and the top tower are hoisted in sequence. 8 . The construction method for split installation of offshore wind turbines according to claim 1 , wherein the fan comprises a nacelle located above the tower, a hub located on the nacelle, and a hub located on the hub. 9 . Three blades, after the tower is installed, the combination of the nacelle and the hub is first hoisted on the auxiliary platform by means of a spreader, and then the three blades are hoisted in sequence.