CN107211964A - Selenium-enriched earthworm cultural method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a breeding method for selenium-enriched earthworms, which comprises the following steps: 1) Straw treatment: crushing the straw, placing it in a closed device together with ammonia water, performing microwave softening, and obtaining softened straw after softening; 2) Culture substrate Preparation: mix animal feces, softened straw, bacteria agent and sodium selenite in proportion, carry out fermentation and decompose, add earthworm food attractant after decomposing, mix well, and obtain earthworm breeding substrate; 3) Feeding management: earthworm breeding substrate is flat Lay it on the breeding bed, spray the attractant on the surface, add earthworm seedlings, and carry out cultivation to maintain the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate, add the same earthworm breeding substrate every 5 to 10 days and spray the attractant on the surface, Breeding for 45-50 days; 4) earthworm harvesting. The cultivation method of selenium-enriched earthworms of the present invention has the advantages of fast growth, high yield, good selenium-enrichment effect, and the like.

Description

Selenium-enriched earthworm breeding method

technical field

The invention relates to a method for cultivating earthworms, in particular to a method for cultivating selenium-enriched earthworms.

Background technique

Selenium is an essential trace element for humans and animals. It can promote the growth and development of animals, improve immunity and reduce mortality. However, my country is a country seriously deficient in selenium. There is a low-selenium zone in 72% of the regions, 30% of which are severe selenium-deficient regions, and natural foods such as grains have low selenium content. Large and medium-sized cities such as North China, Northeast China, and Northwest China are all selenium-deficient areas. In some areas of 22 provinces and cities in China, about 700 million people live in low-selenium areas, and the selenium content in food in most areas is below 0.02mg/kg. The southeast coast is China's selenium-rich areas, which are only 0.10mg/kg. It is the minimum limit stipulated by the United Nations Health Organization. The standard level of selenium supplementation of more than 40 micrograms per person per day is not yet reached in the food of the Chinese population, especially for people in selenium-deficient areas, it is even more difficult to achieve the purpose of selenium supplementation from food.

Earthworms contain a large amount of protein, a variety of amino acids, vitamins and mineral elements and other nutrients, and are a good animal protein feed. The traditional breeding method directly adds inorganic selenium to the culture medium of earthworms. Although earthworms have a certain enrichment effect on inorganic selenium, the toxic and side effects of inorganic selenium on earthworms are also obvious. The survival rate of earthworms increases with the growth of the culture medium. The increase of the content of inorganic selenium in the soil decreased, resulting in the poor selenium enrichment effect of earthworms.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an earthworm breeding method for rapid growth of earthworms and high-efficiency enrichment of organic selenium.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a method for cultivating selenium-enriched earthworms, which comprises the following steps:

1) Straw treatment: crush the straw, put it in a closed device together with ammonia water, and perform microwave softening. After the softening is completed, the softened straw is obtained;

2) Preparation of breeding substrate: mixing animal feces, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite in proportion, fermenting and decomposing, adding earthworm attractant after decomposing, and mixing well to obtain earthworm breeding substrate;

3) Feeding and management: spread the earthworm breeding substrate on the breeding bed, spray the attractant on the surface, add earthworm seedlings, and carry out breeding to maintain the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate, and add the same earthworm breeding every 5 to 10 days Substrate and spray attractant on the surface, culture for 45-50 days;

4) Harvesting of earthworms: Scrape off the vermicompost layer by layer under the light, drive the earthworms to drill into the lower layer of the culture bed, collect the earthworms in the lower layer of the culture bed, place them on a large basket with an aperture of 3-5 mm, put a collection container under the basket, and place them under the light. Next, the earthworms automatically drill into the container under the sieve to obtain selenium-enriched earthworms.

Preferably, the straw is one or more of corn straw, wheat straw, and rice straw, the size of the crushed straw is 0.01-1 cm, the mass fraction of the ammonia water is 10-20%, and the straw and ammonia water The mass ratio is 10:(3-5), the microwave softening time is 5-10 hours, and the temperature is 110-150°C.

Preferably, described animal manure is one or more in pig manure, cow manure, chicken manure, and the mass ratio of described animal manure, softening stalk, bacterial agent and each component of sodium selenite is ( 40-50): (30-50): (1-3): (0.05-0.1).

Preferably, the bacterial agent is yeast, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungus, wherein the mass percentage of each component in the bacterial agent is 15-15% of yeast 25%, lactic acid bacteria 10-15%, Bacillus subtilis 10-15%, photosynthetic bacteria 5-10%, actinomycetes 10-15%, Trichoderma viride 10-15% and white rot fungi 25-35%.

Preferably, the fermentation time is 6-8 days, and the added amount of the food attractant is 2-5% of the total mass of the culture substrate.

Preferably, the preparation method of the food attractant is to grind 1-2Kg of rotten melons and fruits into slurry, add 10-20 mg of sodium selenite, 100-200 g of molasses, 5-10 g of microcrystalline cellulose and orange peel Mix 10-20g powder evenly to get it.

Preferably, the rotten fruits are one or more of wax gourd, bitter gourd, papaya, apple, banana, pear, pineapple, watermelon, muskmelon, cantaloupe and mango.

Preferably, the earthworm seedlings are Eisenia chinensis earthworms, and the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate is 50-70%.

Advantages of the present invention: the straw softening method of the present invention has the characteristics of short softening time and good softening effect, and can improve the utilization rate of straw; adding sodium selenite to straw and animal manure to ferment and decompose together, sodium selenite is The conversion of microorganisms to organic selenium reduces the toxicity of selenium to earthworms, improves the selenium-enrichment ability of earthworms, and increases the selenium-enrichment ability of earthworms by more than 300%. The straw is decomposed by microorganisms, which not only increases the content of mycoprotein, The utilization rate of straw is also increased by more than 5%; adding food attractant to the culture medium can increase the feeding desire of earthworms, enhance their digestion ability, promote their growth, and increase the output of earthworms by more than 15%.

detailed description

Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will partly be embodied through the following descriptions, and partly will be understood by those skilled in the art through the study and practice of the present invention.

The following examples are provided to further illustrate but not limit the present invention.

Embodiment 1 A kind of realization form of the cultivation method of a kind of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:

1) Straw treatment: crush the straw, put it in a closed device together with ammonia water, and perform microwave softening. After the softening is completed, the softened straw is obtained;

2) Preparation of breeding substrate: mixing animal feces, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite in proportion, fermenting and decomposing, adding earthworm attractant after decomposing, and mixing well to obtain earthworm breeding substrate;

3) Feeding and management: spread the earthworm breeding substrate on the breeding bed, spray the attractant on the surface, add earthworm seedlings, carry out earthworm breeding, keep the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate, and add the same earthworm breeding substrate every 5 days And spray attractant on the surface, breed for 50 days;

4) Harvesting of earthworms: Scrape off the vermicompost layer by layer under the light, drive the earthworms to drill into the lower layer of the culture bed, collect the earthworms in the lower layer of the culture bed, place them on a large basket with an aperture of 5 mm, put a collection container under the basket, and under the light, Earthworms automatically drill into the container under the sieve to obtain selenium-enriched earthworms.

The ammoniation and softening of straw takes a long time. Adding the role of microwave in the process of ammoniation and softening can effectively reduce the softening time and improve the softening efficiency. At the same time, the effect of microwave can also make the softening effect of straw better. Or the enzymes secreted by earthworms are more likely to act on cellulose; the straw is softened and fermented with animal manure, which can increase the degradation rate of the straw; adding sodium selenite during the decomposing process can convert inorganic sodium selenite into Organic selenium reduces the toxic and side effects of inorganic selenium on earthworms, and also makes the selenium enrichment effect of earthworms more ideal. Compared with the enrichment effect of using inorganic selenium alone, the selenium enrichment effect of earthworms using organic selenium is more than 3 times higher.

Embodiment 2 A kind of realization form of the cultivation method of a kind of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:

1) Straw treatment: crush 100 kg of corn stalks to a size of 1 cm, place them in a closed device together with 30 kg of ammonia water with a mass fraction of 20%, heat them with microwaves, soften them at 110° C. for 10 hours, and obtain softened straws after softening is completed;

2) Preparation of breeding substrate: mixing animal feces, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite in proportion, fermenting and decomposing, adding earthworm attractant after decomposing, and mixing well to obtain earthworm breeding substrate;

3) Feeding and management: the earthworm breeding substrate is laid flat on the breeding bed, and the surface is sprayed with an attractant, and the earthworm seedlings are added for cultivation to keep the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate, and the same earthworm breeding substrate is added every 5 days. Spray feed-attractant on the surface, breed for 45 days;

4) Harvesting of earthworms: Scrape off the vermicompost layer by layer under the light, drive the earthworms to drill into the lower layer of the culture bed, collect the earthworms in the lower layer of the culture bed, place them on a large basket with an aperture of 3 mm, put a collection container under the basket, and under the light, Earthworms automatically drill into the container under the sieve to obtain selenium-enriched earthworms.

During the microwave heating process, the easy-to-decompose components in the straw (such as cellulose and hemicellulose decomposition) are partially decomposed, making it easier for ammonia gas to undergo ammonolysis reactions with organic substances. Through the ammonolysis reaction, the ester bond between lignin and polysaccharides is destroyed. , Weaken the link between lignin and cellulose, making the straw easier to be decomposed by microorganisms.

Embodiment 3 A kind of realization form of the cultivation method of a kind of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:

1) Straw treatment: crush 100 kg of corn stalks to a size of 1 cm, place them in a closed device together with 50 kg of ammonia water with a mass fraction of 10%, heat them with microwaves, soften them at 150°C for 5 hours, and obtain softened straws after softening;

2) Preparation of breeding substrate: mix pig manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite in proportion, and the mass ratio of each component of the mixture of pig manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite is 50:30: 1:0.1 for fermentation and decomposing, after decomposing, add earthworm attractant, mix well, and obtain earthworm breeding substrate;

3) Feeding and management: the earthworm breeding substrate is laid flat on the breeding bed, and the surface is sprayed with an attractant, and the earthworm seedlings are added for cultivation to keep the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate, and the same earthworm breeding substrate is added every 10 days. Spray feed-attractant on the surface, breed for 45 days;

4) Harvesting of earthworms: Scrape off the vermicompost layer by layer under the light, drive the earthworms to drill into the lower layer of the culture bed, collect the earthworms in the lower layer of the culture bed, place them on a large basket with an aperture of 3 mm, put a collection container under the basket, and under the light, Earthworms automatically drill into the container under the sieve to obtain selenium-enriched earthworms.

Embodiment 4 A kind of realization form of the breeding method of a kind of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:

1) Straw treatment: crush 100 kg of corn stalks to a size of 0.5 cm, place them in a closed device together with 50 kg of ammonia water with a mass fraction of 10%, heat them with microwaves, soften them at 150°C for 5 hours, and obtain softened straws after softening;

2) Preparation of breeding substrate: mix cow manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite in proportion, and the mass ratio of each component of cow manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite is 50:30:1 : 0.1, the inoculum is yeast, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungus, wherein the mass percentage of each component in the inoculum is 15% of yeast , 10% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of Bacillus subtilis, 10% of photosynthetic bacteria, 10% of actinomycetes, 15% of Trichoderma viride and 30% of white rot fungus, ferment and decompose, add earthworm food attractant after decomposing, mix well, and obtain Earthworm breeding substrate;

3) Feeding and management: the earthworm breeding substrate is laid flat on the breeding bed, and the surface is sprayed with an attractant, and the earthworm seedlings are added for cultivation to keep the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate, and the same earthworm breeding substrate is added every 10 days. Spray feed-attractant on the surface, breed for 45 days;

4) Harvesting of earthworms: Scrape off the vermicompost layer by layer under the light, drive the earthworms to drill into the lower layer of the culture bed, collect the earthworms in the lower layer of the culture bed, place them on a large basket with an aperture of 3 mm, put a collection container under the basket, and under the light, Earthworms automatically drill into the container under the sieve to obtain selenium-enriched earthworms.

The addition of bacterial agents can effectively decompose the straw, convert the carbohydrates of the straw into mycoprotein, and make the digestion and absorption of the straw more fully by earthworms, improving the utilization rate of the straw.

Embodiment 5 A kind of realization form of the breeding method of a kind of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:

1) Straw treatment: crush 100 kg of corn stalks to a size of 0.5 cm, place them in a closed device together with 45 kg of ammonia water with a mass fraction of 15%, heat them with microwaves, soften them at 130°C for 7 hours, and obtain softened straws after softening is complete;

2) Preparation of breeding substrate: mix cow manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite in proportion, and the mass ratio of each component of cow manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite is 50:30:1 : 0.1, the inoculum is yeast, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungus, wherein the mass percentage of each component in the inoculum is 15% of yeast , 10% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of Bacillus subtilis, 10% of photosynthetic bacteria, 10% of actinomycetes, 15% of Trichoderma viride and 30% of white rot fungi, fermented and decomposed for 6 days, and added 2% of the total mass of earthworm breeding substrate after decomposing The food attractant, mix, obtain the earthworm breeding substrate;

3) Feeding and management: the earthworm breeding substrate is laid flat on the breeding bed, and the surface is sprayed with an attractant, and the earthworm seedlings are added for cultivation to keep the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate, and the same earthworm breeding substrate is added every 10 days. Spray feed-attractant on the surface, breed for 45 days;

4) Harvesting of earthworms: Scrape off the vermicompost layer by layer under the light, drive the earthworms to drill into the lower layer of the culture bed, collect the earthworms in the lower layer of the culture bed, place them on a large basket with an aperture of 3 mm, put a collection container under the basket, and under the light, Earthworms automatically drill into the container under the sieve to obtain selenium-enriched earthworms.

Increasing the food attractant can increase the feeding desire of earthworms, promote the growth of earthworms, and increase the output of earthworms by more than 10%.

Embodiment 6 A kind of realization form of the breeding method of a kind of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:

1) Straw treatment: crush 100 kg of corn stalks to a size of 0.5 cm, place them in a closed device together with 45 kg of ammonia water with a mass fraction of 15%, heat them with microwaves, soften them at 130°C for 7 hours, and obtain softened straws after softening;

2) Preparation of breeding substrate: Mix cow manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite in proportion, and the mass ratio of each component of the mixture of cow manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite is 50:30: 1:0.1, the bacterial agent is yeast, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, Trichoderma viride and white rot fungus, wherein the mass percentage of each component in the bacterial agent is yeast 15 %, 10% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of Bacillus subtilis, 10% of photosynthetic bacteria, 10% of actinomycetes, 15% of Trichoderma viride and 30% of white rot fungi, fermented and decomposed for 6 days, and added 10% of the total mass of earthworm breeding substrate after decomposing 2% food attractant, the preparation method of described food attractant is to grind the rotten melon and fruit of 1Kg into slurry, add sodium selenite 10mg, molasses 100g, microcrystalline cellulose 10g and orange peel powder 10g, earthworm culture The substrate is mixed with the food attractant to obtain the earthworm breeding substrate;

3) Feeding and management: the earthworm breeding substrate is laid flat on the breeding bed, and the surface is sprayed with an attractant, and the earthworm seedlings are added for cultivation to keep the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate, and the same earthworm breeding substrate is added every 7 days. Spray feed-attractant on the surface, breed for 45 days;

4) Harvesting of earthworms: Scrape off the vermicompost layer by layer under the light, drive the earthworms to drill into the lower layer of the culture bed, collect the earthworms in the lower layer of the culture bed, place them on a large basket with an aperture of 3 mm, put a collection container under the basket, and under the light, Earthworms automatically drill into the container under the sieve to obtain selenium-enriched earthworms.

Adding molasses can increase the feeding desire of earthworms and promote the growth of earthworms; adding microcrystalline fiber can increase the secretion of cellulase in earthworms and improve the digestibility of straw; adding orange peel powder can stimulate the inner cavity of earthworms and improve digestibility .

Embodiment 7 A kind of realization form of the cultivation method of a kind of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:

1) Straw treatment: crush 100 kg of corn stalks to a size of 0.5 cm, place them in a closed device together with 45 kg of ammonia water with a mass fraction of 15%, heat them with microwaves, soften them at 130°C for 7 hours, and obtain softened straws after softening;

2) Preparation of breeding substrate: mix cow manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite in proportion, and the mass ratio of each component of cow manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite is 50:30:1 : 0.1, the bacterial agent is yeast, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, Trichoderma viride and white rot fungus, wherein the mass percentage of each component in the bacterial agent is 15% of yeast , 10% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of Bacillus subtilis, 10% of photosynthetic bacteria, 10% of actinomycetes, 15% of Trichoderma viride and 30% of white rot fungi, fermented and decomposed for 6 days, and added 2% of the total mass of earthworm breeding substrate after decomposing. % food attractant, the preparation method of described food attractant is to grind the rotten apple of 1Kg into slurry, add sodium selenite 10mg, molasses 100g, microcrystalline cellulose 10g and orange peel powder 10g, earthworm breeding substrate and The food attractant is mixed evenly to obtain the earthworm breeding substrate;

3) Feeding and management: the earthworm breeding substrate is laid flat on the breeding bed, and the surface is sprayed with an attractant, and the earthworm seedlings are added for cultivation to keep the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate, and the same earthworm breeding substrate is added every 7 days. Spray feed-attractant on the surface, breed for 45 days;

4) Harvesting of earthworms: Scrape off the vermicompost layer by layer under the light, drive the earthworms to drill into the lower layer of the culture bed, collect the earthworms in the lower layer of the culture bed, place them on a large basket with an aperture of 3 mm, put a collection container under the basket, and under the light, Earthworms automatically drill into the container under the sieve to obtain selenium-enriched earthworms.

Embodiment 8 A kind of realization form of the cultivation method of a kind of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:

1) Straw treatment: crush 100 kg of corn stalks to a size of 0.5 cm, place them in a closed device together with 45 kg of ammonia water with a mass fraction of 15%, heat them with microwaves, soften them at 130°C for 7 hours, and obtain softened straws after softening;

2) Preparation of breeding substrate: mix cow manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite in proportion, and the mass ratio of each component of cow manure, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite is 50:30:1 : 0.1, the inoculum is yeast, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungus, wherein the mass percentage of each component in the inoculum is 15% of yeast , 10% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of Bacillus subtilis, 10% of photosynthetic bacteria, 10% of actinomycetes, 15% of Trichoderma viride and 30% of white rot fungi, fermented and decomposed for 6 days, and added 2% of the total mass of earthworm breeding substrate after decomposing The food attractant, the preparation method of described food attractant is that the rotten apple of 1Kg is ground into slurry, adds sodium selenite 10mg, molasses 100g, microcrystalline cellulose 10g and orange peel powder 10g, earthworm culture substrate and lure The food preparation is mixed evenly to obtain the earthworm breeding substrate;

3) Feeding and management: spread the earthworm breeding substrate on the breeding bed, spray the attractant on the surface, add the seedlings of the earthworm Eisensis, and carry out the breeding, keep the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate at 50%, and add it every 7 days The same earthworm breeding substrate and spray attractant on the surface, cultivated for 50 days;

4) Harvesting of earthworms: Scrape off the vermicompost layer by layer under the light, drive the earthworms to drill into the lower layer of the culture bed, collect the earthworms in the lower layer of the culture bed, place them on a large basket with an aperture of 3 mm, put a collection container under the basket, and under the light, Earthworms automatically drill into the container under the sieve to obtain selenium-enriched earthworms.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the use listed in the specification and implementation, it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, and it can be easily understood by those skilled in the art Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. a culture method of selenium-enriched earthworm, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 1) Straw treatment: crush the straw, put it in a closed device together with ammonia water, and perform microwave softening. After the softening is completed, the softened straw is obtained; 2) Preparation of breeding substrate: mixing animal feces, softened straw, bacterial agent and sodium selenite in proportion, fermenting and decomposing, adding earthworm attractant after decomposing, and mixing well to obtain earthworm breeding substrate; 3) Feeding and management: spread the earthworm breeding substrate on the breeding bed, spray the attractant on the surface, add earthworm seedlings, carry out earthworm breeding, maintain the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate, and add the same earthworms every 5 to 10 days Cultivate the substrate and spray the food attractant on the surface, and cultivate for 45-50 days; 4) Harvesting of earthworms: Scrape off the vermicompost layer by layer under the light, drive the earthworms to drill into the lower layer of the culture bed, collect the earthworms in the lower layer of the culture bed, place them on a large basket with an aperture of 3-5 mm, put a collection container under the basket, and place them under the light. Next, the earthworms automatically drill into the container under the sieve to obtain selenium-enriched earthworms. 2. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched earthworms according to claim 1, wherein the straw is one or more of corn straw, wheat straw, and rice straw, and the crushed size of the straw is 0.01-1 cm. The mass fraction of the ammonia water is 10-20%, the mass ratio of the straw to the ammonia water is 10:(3-5), the microwave softening time is 5-10 hours, and the temperature is 110-150°C. 3. The breeding method of selenium-enriched earthworms according to claim 1, characterized in that, the animal manure is one or more of pig manure, cow manure, chicken manure, and the animal manure, softened straw , The mass ratio of the bacteria agent and the components of the sodium selenite mixture is (40-50): (30-50): (1-3): (0.05-0.1). 4. the cultivation method of selenium-enriched earthworm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described inoculant is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungus, Wherein the mass percentage of each component in the bacterial agent is 15-25% of yeast, 10-15% of lactic acid bacteria, 10-15% of Bacillus subtilis, 5-10% of photosynthetic bacteria, 10-15% of actinomycetes, green wood Mildew 10-15% and white-rot fungus 25-35%. 5. The cultivation method of selenium-enriched earthworms according to claim 1, characterized in that, the time for the fermentation and decomposing is 6 to 8 days, and the addition of the described food attractant is 2 to 8 days of the total mass of the cultivation substrate. 5%. 6. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched earthworms according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the preparation method of the food attractant is to grind 1 to 2 Kg of rotten melons and fruits into a slurry, and add selenium Obtained by uniformly mixing 10-20 mg of sodium nitrate, 100-200 g of molasses, 5-10 g of microcrystalline cellulose and 10-20 g of orange peel powder. 7. the cultivation method of selenium-enriched earthworm according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described rotten melon and fruit are wax gourd, bitter gourd, Chinese quince, apple, banana, pear, pineapple, watermelon, muskmelon, cantaloupe, mango one or several. 8 . The method for cultivating selenium-enriched earthworms according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the seedlings of the earthworms are Eisenia chinensis earthworms, and the water content of the earthworm breeding substrate is 50-70%.