CN107207849B - 不饱和热固性聚酯组合物中防止低收缩添加剂相分离的添加剂 - Google Patents
不饱和热固性聚酯组合物中防止低收缩添加剂相分离的添加剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107207849B CN107207849B CN201580075656.2A CN201580075656A CN107207849B CN 107207849 B CN107207849 B CN 107207849B CN 201580075656 A CN201580075656 A CN 201580075656A CN 107207849 B CN107207849 B CN 107207849B
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Abstract
本发明涉及防止低收缩添加剂与模塑组合物的其它组分之间相分离的添加剂,所述其它组分包含至少不饱和树脂和不饱和单体。
Description
发明领域
本发明提供防止低收缩添加剂(low profile additive)从不饱和聚酯在反应性单体中的溶液中相分离的方法和添加剂。通常,低收缩添加剂为分散于反应性单体中的聚合物种。本公开内容的添加剂为胺类多元物种与用芳基官能化且含有一个未反应羧酸的聚醚的反应产物。
发明背景
US 2005/0120911教导了用具有羧酸基团的芳族基团官能化的聚醚。提及的分子用作分散剂。
US 2005/277745A1公开了耐冲击、低收缩增强模塑组合物。
US 6,815,499公开了增容剂、可自由基聚合的不饱和树脂组合物、模塑材料和模制品。
理想的是开发其它添加剂以防止低收缩添加剂从与不饱和单体交联并任选用纤维或颗粒增强的不饱和树脂模塑组合物中相分离。
发明概述
该添加剂通过单亲核聚醚胺和/或聚醚醇与多羧酸芳族酸、其酐、酯或酰基氯衍生物反应形成单羧酸官能化聚醚组分,其后使所述单羧酸官能化聚醚组分与多胺组分,例如多胺聚合物如PEI反应而制备。单亲核聚醚胺和/或聚醚醇与多羧酸芳族物种的一个或两个酸基团之间的反应形成聚醚与芳基之间的酯、酰胺或酰亚胺键。理想地,多羧酸芳族酸的芳基具有直接连接在环上或者经由1、2或3个碳原子的间隔基团连接的2-3个羧酸基团。任选,芳基可进一步被C1-4烷基、卤素基团和NO2基团取代。聚醚可包含氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯或氧化丁烯,但优选具有比氧化乙烯更多的氧化丙烯和氧化丁烯组合重复单元。
该添加剂显示出在非水不饱和树脂和不饱和单体介质如混合SMC树脂配制剂中具有良好的抗分离性能。它们防止用不饱和单体溶解或溶胀的不饱和树脂相与选自加聚热塑性塑料或弹性体任选在不饱和单体中的分散体,例如分散于苯乙烯单体中的高MW聚苯乙烯或聚烯烃树脂的第二相相分离。
低收缩添加剂是理想的,因为它们使来自借助不饱和单体如SMC和BMC聚合交联的不饱和树脂的模制品中收缩相关的变形、表面不均匀性和残留制造应力最小化。低收缩添加剂促进更精确的尺寸、较少的残留应力和较小的表面不均匀性,容许模制的不饱和聚酯与要求精密尺寸容差和光滑表面质量的其它技术竞争。然而,如果在模塑期间作为纳米或微米级相均匀地分散在不饱和树脂和不饱和单体中,则低收缩添加剂仅有效地作用。理想的是将低收缩添加剂分散体在模塑树脂中稳定化以防相迁移几小时或几天,使得可制备具有良好分散的低收缩添加剂的模塑树脂并在实际模塑以前储存数小时或数天和/或如果模塑设备无效或者在模塑部件以前需要修补的话保留数小时或数天。
使用低收缩添加剂的填料和纤维增强模塑组合物呈现出低收缩添加剂相在实际模塑和固化以前试图与不饱和树脂相相分离的问题。如果存在定向纤维或填料,则纤维和填料的物理完整性或尺寸可防止相分离的低收缩添加剂再混入不饱和树脂相中。
发明详述
本发明提供分散在不饱和单体中的不饱和树脂、低收缩添加剂、不饱和树脂和不饱和单体的固化剂、防止低收缩添加剂与不饱和树脂相分离的添加剂和用于组合物以促进模塑或特定最终用途的各种任选添加剂的组合物。
为了简化,我们解释低收缩添加剂在SMC(片材模塑复合)的作用,其中理解这些添加剂在与不饱和单体交联并用作模塑组合物的不饱和树脂的手工铺设模塑、模具模塑、长丝绕制、注射模塑和其它各种模塑操作中同样地作用。
低收缩添加剂(LPA)用作片材模塑复合(SMC)树脂配制剂的一部分,它们的作用是使不饱和聚酯树脂(UPE)在模塑时收缩最小化。因而,将LPA与树脂混合物的其它组分(主要是UPE树脂)混合,其又用于生产SMC片。然而,制备SMC片的方法可能耗费时间,并且通常意味着在混合以后,在它可以全部使用以前将树脂混合物保持静置。这是发生潜在相分离问题之处,因为LPA和UPE的混合物不是稳定的混合物并且随着时间开始分离出来(这可能与在混合以后30分钟一样快,如对比例数据中所示)。
因而,抗分离添加剂是理想的,使得LPA和UPE树脂不会分离出来,其中理解可越久地防止分离越好。因为这赋予SMC生产商较长的潜在加工时间窗口和灵活性,例如他们可以以较大的批料尺寸混合树脂混合物,因此降低成本。
该文件中所述产物充当对LPA和不饱和树脂在不饱和单体中的混合物而言有效的抗分离添加剂,尤其是当LPA树脂为分散于苯乙烯单体中的聚苯乙烯时。
防止相分离的添加剂为官能化聚醚与胺类多元物种的反应产物。官能化聚醚可由下式定义:
R1-(OCδH2δ)x-(OCH2CH2)y-W-φ-COOH
其中:
R1为C1-C36烃基,理想地C1-C18,其可以为环状、支化或非支化烷基;芳基;烷基芳基或芳基烷基,
δ为3和/或4,
x为10-60,尤其是10-40,
y为0-10,尤其是0,
-(OC2H4)和-(OCδH2δ)重复单元可以为任何顺序,例如无规或嵌段,且y必须小于x,
W为酯、酰亚胺或者任选酰胺连接基团,其可任选包括1-4个碳原子,尤其是1个碳原子的亚烃基,
φ为6-10,尤其是6个碳原子的芳基,且所述芳基可任选具有取代基(对于萘,至多5或6个,或者对于苯,至多4个),所述取代基可包括1-4个碳原子的线性或支化烷基链、卤素和/或-NO2。
由式R1-(OCδH2δ)x-(OCH2CH2)y-W-φ-COOH定义的官能化聚醚可通过聚醚胺和/或聚醚醇与多羧酸如1,2,4-苯三羧酸酐或高邻苯二甲酸反应制备。
制备聚醚胺的最容易的路线阐述于本说明书的实施例中。氨基官能化聚(氧化烯)也由公司如Huntsman以名称SurfonaminesTM或JeffaminesTM市购。SurfonamineTM胺的具体实例为B100和B200。
聚醚醇可以为聚氧化烯单烷基醚或单烷芳基醚醇。这类单醇化合物为市售的,例如来自Aldrich或者以商品名SynaloxTM来自Dow或者PolyglykolTM来自Clariant的各种分子量的聚丙二醇单丁醚。SynaloxTM的具体实例为100-D20、100-40B、100-50B、100-D95和100-150B。PolyglykolTM的具体实例为B01/20、B01/40、B01/80、B01/120和B01/240。聚丙二醇单异十三烷基醚醚可以以PolyglykolTM商品名由Clariant得到,具体实例为T01/35。
胺类多元物种可以为多胺,例如脂族胺、聚(乙烯基胺)、亚烷基多胺或聚烯丙基胺或聚(C2-6亚烷基亚胺),在一个优选实施方案中,为聚醚亚胺。多胺或聚亚烷基亚胺可以为线性或支化的。多胺或聚亚烷基亚胺可具有100-100,000克/摩尔;更理想地140-75,000;或者优选140-20,000的数均分子量。脂族多胺可具有2-6个碳原子每氮原子,且包括二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、四亚乙基五胺等、釜残及其混合物。理想地,胺多元物种每分子具有总计至少3个伯和/或仲胺基团,更理想地,至少4个伯和/或仲胺基团。
官能化聚醚与胺类多元物种的重量比为10:1-60:1,更理想地,15:1-50:1。
酸官能化聚醚和胺类多元物种一起反应使得酸官能化聚醚的-CO2H与多元物种中的胺基团反应以得到离子盐键和/或共价键或者离子盐键和共价键的混合物,尤其是离子盐键。
单亲核聚醚胺和/或聚醚醇与多羧酸芳族酸在100℃至200℃,更优选120-180℃的温度下在惰性气氛下任选在酸催化剂(例如正磷酸)的存在下反应6-24小时以得到式R1-(OCδH2δ)x-(OCH2CH2)y-W-φ-COOH定义的官能化聚醚。
酸官能化聚醚和多元物种在90℃至140℃,优选90℃至120℃的温度下在惰性气氛(例如氮气)下一起反应2-8小时。
在一个实施方案中,胺类多元物种的任何残余未反应氮原子可与其它亲电子试剂反应以提供轻微不同的性能。在一个实施方案中,可将来自酸官能化聚醚与多元物种反应的反应产物进一步官能化以使其性能和应用性能适于具体要求。如果需要的话,以下改性反应可组合以得到酸改性聚醚与多元加成化合物的多种反应产物。如果连续进行两种或更多种改性反应,则应当确保可在分子中得到足够的对一种或多种随后反应而言是反应性的残余胺基团。
所述改性是本发明的有利是方案,并且可如下实现:
a)胺类多元物种的一个或多个剩余游离氨基与异氰酸酯、内酯、酐、环氧化物、环碳酸酯或(甲基)丙烯酸酯反应;
b)胺类多元物种的一个或多个剩余游离氨基用单或聚羧酸、无机酸、含磷和含多金属氧酸盐的酸或强酸盐化和/或反应;
c)胺类多元物种的一个或多个剩余游离氨基氧化成氮氧化物;
d)胺类多元物种的一个或多个剩余游离氨基季铵化;或者
e)胺类多元物种的一个或多个剩余游离氨基与用MW 150-3000的聚合物封端的一个或多个单氨基反应性基团反应。
任何剩余氨基的改性可以以技术人员已知的方法进行。例如,氨基氮原子的盐化和季铵化可使用无机酸、强酸、烷基硫酸酯、烷基或芳烷基卤化物、卤代羧酸酯、烷基草酸酯或环氧化物实现。当例如氨基与颜料糊结合到其中并导致絮凝的粘合剂体系反应时,季铵化是理想的。适用于该目的的试剂包括盐酸、乙酸、硫酸、烷基磺酸、烷基硫酸氢盐或芳基磺酸。季铵化剂包括硫酸二甲酯,苄基氯,甲基卤化物如氯、溴和碘,草酸二甲酯,在酸的存在下的氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯和氧化苯乙烯,和丙烷(或丁烷)磺内酯。
胺类多元物种的一个或多个剩余游离氨基用单或聚羧酸或者含磷酸盐化和/或反应公开于JP 9 157 374、US 2010/0017973和US2013/0126804中。合适单羧酸的具体实例包括任选取代的C1-50脂族单羧酸,例如乙酸、丙酸、己酸、辛酸、2-乙基己酸、壬酸、癸酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、芥酸、山萮酸、甲氧基乙酸,衍生自天然存在的来源的油如向日葵油、菜子油、蓖麻油和橄榄油的脂肪酸的混合物,可以以商标IsocarbTM(来自Sasol)得到的支化烷基羧酸,UnicidTM酸,其为由Baker Hughes市购的线性C25-50合成伯酸,和芳族羧酸,例如苯甲酸、水杨酸和萘酸。合适聚羧酸的具体实例包括琥珀酸、丙二酸、己二酸、癸二酸、苹果酸、富马酸、柠檬酸和酒石酸。合适含磷酸的具体实例包括磷酸和亚磷酸。合适多金属氧酸盐的具体实例包括磷钼酸、磷钨酸和硅钼酸。
胺类多元物种的一个或多个剩余游离氨基与酐的反应公开于US 6 878 799和7767 750中。合适酐的具体实例包括马来酸酐、琥珀酸酐、邻苯二甲酸酐、四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、六氢邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基六氢邻苯二甲酸酐、偏苯三酸酐、C1-20烯基和烷基琥珀酸酐。
胺类多元物种的一个或多个剩余游离氨基与环氧化物的反应公开于JP 4 031471中。合适环氧化物的具体实例包括氧化苯乙烯、氧化丙烯和氧化乙烯。
胺类多元物种的一个或多个剩余游离氨基的反应可用羧酸、磺酸、硫酸、膦酸、磷酸、异氰酸酯、环氧化物、(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙酰乙酰氧基或环碳酸酯封端的聚合物进行。当使用羧酸封端的聚合物时,反应产物可以为酰胺和/或相应盐的形式,当使用磺酸、硫酸、膦酸和磷酸封端的聚合物,且共价键在氨基的NH官能与i)异氰酸酯封端的聚合物之间形成以得到脲,与ii)环氧化物封端的聚合物之间形成以将环氧基开环,得到氨基醇,与iii)(甲基)丙烯酸酯封端的聚合物之间借助双键上的麦克尔加成形成时,为盐的形式。这些单反应性封端聚合物可基于聚酯、聚醚、聚醚/聚酯、聚酰胺、聚酯酰胺、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯及其混合物。特别有用的单反应性聚合物公开于各个专利中。
羧酸封端聚酯、聚酯酰胺和聚酰胺聚合物的合适实例公开于US 4 224 212、4 861380、5 700 395、5 760 257、6 197 877、8 202 935、JP 4 866 255、JP 8 010 601、JP 9157 361、WO 2006/113258和WO 2007/039605中,其中:
a)聚酯衍生自以下组分的聚合:
一种或多种羟基羧酸和/或内酯任选在包含羧酸或酯官能的引发剂分子的存在下;或者
一种或多种二醇与一种或多种二元酸/酐任选在包含羧酸或酯官能的引发剂分子的存在下;
b)聚酯酰胺衍生自以下组分的聚合:
一种或多种羟基羧酸和/或内酯与一种或多种氨基羧酸和/或内酰胺任选在包含羧酸或酯官能的引发剂分子的存在下;和
c)聚酰胺衍生自以下组分的聚合:
一种或多种氨基羧酸和/或内酰胺任选在包含羧酸或酯官能的引发剂分子的存在下;或者一种或多种二胺与一种或多种二元酸/酐任选在包含羧酸或酯官能的引发剂分子的存在下。
合适羟基羧酸和内酯的具体实例包括蓖麻油酸、12-羟基硬脂酸、6-羟基己酸、5-羟基戊酸、12-羟基十二烷酸、5-羟基十二烷酸、5-羟基癸酸、4-羟基癸酸、10-羟基十一烷酸、乳酸、羟基乙酸、β-丙内酯、β-丁内酯、任选C1-6烷基取代ε-己内酯和任选C1-6烷基取代δ-戊内酯如ε-己内酯,和7-甲基-、3-甲基-、5-甲基-、6-甲基-、4-甲基-、5-叔丁基-、4,4,6-三甲基-和4,6,6-三甲基-ε-己内酯、δ-戊内酯、β-甲基-δ-戊内酯,或其混合物。
合适二醇的具体实例包括亚烷基二醇,例如乙二醇、丙二醇、新戊二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇,具有醚键的二醇,例如二甘醇、二丙二醇、三丙二醇和三甘醇。合适聚亚烷基二醇的实例包括聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚丁二醇、具有小于1000的MW的聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇的混合嵌段和无规共聚物(来自BASF的PluronicTM和Reverse PluronicTM)。
合适二元酸和酐的具体实例包括马来酸酐、琥珀酸酐、戊二酸酐、富马酸、丙二酸、己二酸、癸二酸、邻苯二甲酸酐和环己烷二羧酸酐。
合适氨基羧酸的具体实例包括肌氨酸、β-丙氨酸、4-氨基丁酸、6-氨基己酸和11-氨基十一烷酸。
合适内酰胺的具体实例包括月桂内酰胺和己内酰胺。
合适二胺的具体实例包括亚烷基二胺,例如乙二胺、1,2-丙二胺、1,3-丙二胺、异构丁二胺、戊二胺、己二胺、庚二胺、1,12-二氨基十二烷、二氨基环己烷,和具有醚键的二胺,例如1,2-双(2-氨基乙氧基)乙烷。合适聚醚二胺的实例包括由Huntsman市购的JeffamineTM二胺,例如D230、D400、ED600。
合适的含有羧酸或酯基团的引发剂分子的实例包括如上文所述任选取代的C1-50脂族单羧酸及其甲基或乙基酯。
磷酸酯、硫酸酯和磺酸酯封端的聚酯聚合物的合适实例公开于US 4 861 380和6197 877中,其中聚酯衍生自使用含有羟基或氨基官能的引发剂分子的如上所述羟基羧酸和/或内酯的聚合。合适的含有羟基官能的引发剂分子的具体实例包括具有任选取代的C1-50亚烃基的醇,例如甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、丁醇、异丁醇、新戊醇、己醇、1-辛醇、2-乙基己醇、癸醇、十二醇、油醇、硬脂醇、山萮醇、环己醇、苄醇、苯酚、辛基苯酚、壬基苯酚、苯基乙醇,氟化醇,例如1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟-1-癸醇、以商标IsofolTM(来自Sasol)得到的C8-36支化醇,由Baker Hughes市购的UnilinTM醇,其为线性C25-50合成伯醇。合适的含有氨基官能的具体实例包括胺,例如丁胺、十二胺、硬脂胺。
(甲基)丙烯酸酯封端聚酯、聚酯酰胺和聚酰胺聚合物的合适实例公开于EP 713894、JP 3 488 001、JP2010222522和US 8 202 935中,其中聚酯衍生自使用以下引发剂分子的羟基羧酸和/或内酯的聚合:
i)直接地,引发剂分子,例如丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯;
ii)含有羟基官能的引发剂分子,然后随后与(甲基)丙烯酸酯的酯交换反应;
iii)如上所述包含羧酸或酯官能的引发剂分子,然后随后与含有羟基官能的(甲基)丙烯酸酯如丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯或者含有环氧官能的(甲基)丙烯酸酯如甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯反应。
磷酸酯、硫酸酯和磺酸酯封端聚醚、聚醚/聚酯、聚醚/聚氨酯和聚醚/聚酯/聚氨酯聚合物的合适实例公开于US 5 130 463、5 151 218、6 111 054、6 310 123、7 595 416和8202 935中,其中聚醚衍生自使用如上所述含有羟基或氨基官能的引发剂分子的亚烷基和亚烷芳基氧化物如氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯、氧化丁烯和氧化苯乙烯的聚合。这些聚醚单醇可进一步与如上所述一种或多种羟基羧酸或内酯或者与如上所述二醇和二酸反应以得到含有醇基团的聚醚聚酯,然后可将其如US 5 130 463所述磷酸化。聚醚单醇和聚醚聚酯单醇可进一步与如上所述二醇与二异氰酸酯组合反应以得到分别含有醇基团的聚醚聚氨酯和聚醚聚酯聚氨酯聚合物,然后可将其如US 5 130 463所述磷酸化。合适的二异氰酸酯的具体实例包括六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、2,4-和2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、α,α-四甲基二甲苯二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)、二苯基甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯(4,4’-MDI)、二苯基甲烷-2,4’-二异氰酸酯(2,4’-MDI)和二环己基甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯(HMDI)。
(甲基)丙烯酸酯封端聚醚聚合物的合适实例公开于US 7 923 474和JP2010222522中。
羧酸封端聚醚聚合物的合适实例公开于JP 4 248 207、US 7 767 750、7 671119、7 872 070、8 076 409和8 168 713中,其中聚合物衍生自:i)聚亚烷基二醇单取代醚与卤代羧酸盐如单氯乙酸钠反应,然后使用盐酸酸化;ii)聚亚烷基二醇单取代醚与丙烯腈反应,然后在酸如盐酸的存在下水解;和iii)聚醚胺与酐反应。
异氰酸酯封端聚酯和聚醚聚合物的合适实例公开于JP 4 031 471、JP 7 149 855和WO2007/039605中。
氧化物或乙酰乙酰氧基或环碳酸酯封端聚丙烯酸酯聚合物的合适实例公开于US5 100 969中。
包含本发明增容剂的可自由基共聚不饱和树脂组合物包含可自由基共聚不饱和树脂,例如不饱和聚酯、乙烯基酯树脂、乙烯基氨基甲酸酯树脂或丙烯酸树脂;加聚聚合物;和可聚合不饱和单体。如果需要的话,可加入各种添加剂,例如聚合抑制剂、固化催化剂、填料、增强颗粒、内部脱模剂和颜料。
可用于本发明中的不饱和聚酯的组成包括但不具体地限于由α,β-不饱和羧酸或者在一些情况下包含饱和羧酸的α,β-不饱和羧酸与多元醇反应得到的不饱和聚酯。
α,β-不饱和羧酸的实例包括富马酸、马来酸、马来酸酐、衣康酸、柠康酸、中康酸、氯代马来酸、其二甲基酯等。这些α,β-不饱和羧酸可单独或组合使用。其它不饱和和饱和羧酸包括例如邻苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸酐、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、HET(R)酸(OccidentalChemical)、六氢邻苯二甲酸酐、四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、己二酸、癸二酸、壬二酸等。这些饱和羧酸可单独或组合使用。
多元醇包括例如二元醇,例如乙二醇、二甘醇、丙二醇、二丙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、1,6-己二醇、环己二醇、新戊二醇、2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇;二醇,例如氢化双酚A、氢化双酚A的氧化烯加合物、双酚A的氧化烯加合物;三醇,例如三羟甲基丙烷;或者四醇,例如季戊四醇。这些多元醇可单独或组合使用。
另外,可将所得不饱和聚酯用环氧化物如甲基丙酸缩水甘油酯和双酚A环氧化物或者异氰酸酯化合物如甲苯二异氰酸酯和异丙烯基-二甲基-苄基异氰酸酯改性。
也可使用通过将二环戊二烯加入α,β-不饱和羧酸、饱和羧酸和多元醇中并使它们反应而得到的二环戊二烯不饱和聚酯。
通过使用通过回收的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)与多元醇作为主要原料在高温下反应而得到的二醇分解产物,使它与α,β-不饱和羧酸、饱和羧酸和多元醇反应而得到的PET不饱和聚酯可用于本发明中而不导致任何问题。
用于本发明中的乙烯基酯树脂为通过环氧树脂与不饱和单羧酸之间反应而得到的反应产物。
环氧树脂包括例如多价苯酚的缩水甘油醚,例如双酚A环氧树脂、双酚F环氧树脂、苯酚酚醛环氧树脂、甲酚酚醛环氧树脂和溴化环氧树脂;多价醇的缩水甘油醚,例如二丙二醇二缩水甘油醚、三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚、双酚A氧化烯加合物的二缩水甘油醚和氢化双酚A的二缩水甘油醚;脂环族环氧树脂,例如3,4-环氧基-6-甲基环己基甲基-3,4-环氧基-6-甲基环己烷羧酸酯和1-环氧基乙基-3,4-环氧基环己烷;缩水甘油基酯,例如邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯、四氢邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯、二缩水甘油基对-氧基苯甲酸和缩水甘油基二聚酸;缩水甘油基胺,例如四缩水甘油基氨基二苯基甲烷、四缩水甘油基间-二甲苯二胺、三缩水甘油基对氨基苯酚和N,N-二缩水甘油基苯胺;杂环环氧树脂,例如1,3-二缩水甘油基-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲和异氰酸三缩水甘油酯;等。这些环氧树脂可单独或组合使用。
不饱和单羧酸包括例如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、巴豆酸、肉桂酸、丙烯酸二聚物、马来酸单甲基酯、富马酸单甲基酯、富马酸单环己基酯或山梨酸。这些酸可单独或组合使用。
所得乙烯基酯树脂可进一步用酸酐如马来酸酐、琥珀酸酐和乙酸酐或者异氰酸酯化合物如甲苯二异氰酸酯、异丙烯基-二甲基-苄基异氰酸酯改性。
乙烯基氨基甲酸酯树脂为由多元醇化合物、有机多异氰酸酯化合物或含羟基(甲基)丙烯酸酯得到的低聚物。多元醇化合物指分子内具有多个羟基的化合物的总称,但可以为具有具有能够与异氰酸酯基团反应的活性氢的官能团代替羟基,例如羧基、氨基、巯基的化合物。该多元醇化合物包括例如聚酯多元醇、聚醚多元醇、丙烯酸多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚烯烃多元醇、蓖麻油多元醇或己内酯多元醇。这些多元醇化合物可单独或组合使用。作为有机多异氰酸酯化合物,可使用下文所述那些。
有机多异氰酸酯化合物的典型实例包括1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、二甲苯二异氰酸酯、萘二异氰酸酯、1,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯、4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、氢化二甲苯二异氰酸酯等。另外,可包括通过将各类异氰酸酯化合物异氰酸酯化得到的多聚体。它们单独或组合使用。
丙烯酸树脂包含衍生自(甲基)丙烯酸酯和一种含有(甲基)丙烯酸酯作为主要组分的可聚合不饱和单体和多种可聚合不饱和单体的热塑性丙烯酸聚合物。它可通过包含(甲基)丙烯酸酯作为主要组分以及如果需要的话能够与(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚的其它可聚合不饱和单体的混合单体溶液聚合而得到。丙烯酸聚合物优选具有100,000或更小的分子量,因为它以溶于可聚合单体中的浆料的形式使用。丙烯酸聚合物可通过常规聚合程序如悬浮聚合和溶液聚合得到。也可直接使用通过单体以10-40%的程度预聚合得到的浆料。
可用于可自由基共聚不饱和树脂组合物中的可聚合不饱和单体的典型实例包括已知的苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、邻苯二甲酸二烯丙基酯、羧酸乙烯基酯、乙烯基醚等。然而,它不具体地限于这些,并且可通过取决于树脂溶液的用途和所需性能适当地选择各种不饱和单体而使用。
可聚合不饱和单体的量不具体地受限,但基于(改性)不饱和聚酯、乙烯基酯树脂、乙烯基氨基甲酸酯树脂或丙烯酸树脂,优选在10-70重量%的范围内,更优选在20-50重量%的范围内。在树脂组合物中,可自由基聚合不饱和树脂与可聚合不饱和单体的比优选在30-90重量%至10-70重量%的范围内,更优选在50-80重量%至20-50重量%的范围内。
可用于本发明树脂组合物中的聚合抑制剂不具体受限,并且可使用任何常规已知的聚合抑制剂。其具体实例包括氢醌、三甲基氢醌、对-叔丁基儿茶酚、叔丁基氢醌、甲苯氢醌、对苯醌、萘醌、氢醌单甲基醚、吩噻嗪、环烷酸铜、氯化铜等。这些聚合抑制剂可单独使用或者在将其两种或更多种混合以后使用。聚合抑制剂的量不具体受限。
作为可用于本发明树脂组合物中的固化剂,不具体受限,并且可使用任何常规已知的固化剂。其实例包括选自热固化剂、紫外线固化剂、电子辐射固化剂等的一种或多种。基于100重量份树脂组合物,固化剂的量优选在0.1-10重量份的范围内,特别是在1-5重量份的范围内。
热固化剂包括有机过氧化物,例如已知的二酰基过氧化物、过氧酯、氢过氧化物、酮过氧化物、烷基过酯、过碳酸酯化合物。热固化剂可根据模塑条件适当地选择。
紫外线固化剂为光敏化剂,例如已知的酰基氧化膦、苯甲酰基醚、二苯甲酮、苯乙酮、噻吨酮化合物。紫外线固化剂可根据模塑条件适当地选择。电子辐射固化剂包括卤化烷基苯、二硫化物化合物等。
与上述固化剂组合使用的能够促进固化的添加剂(固化促进剂)的实例包括但不限于金属盐,例如环烷酸钴和辛酸钴,叔芳族胺,例如N,N-二甲基苯胺、N,N-二(羟乙基)对甲苯胺和二甲基乙酰乙酰胺等。如果需要的话,选择它们。
可用于本发明树脂组合物中的填料的典型实例包括碳酸钙、碳酸镁、硫酸钡、云母、滑石、高岭土、粘土、C盐、石棉、珍珠岩、氧化钡、二氧化硅、石英砂、白云石、石灰石、石膏、铝细粉、中空气球、氧化铝、玻璃粉、纤维素粉、氢氧化铝、白色大理石、氧化锆、三氧化锑、氧化钛、二氧化钼等。这些填料鉴于可加工性、所得模制品的强度和外观、经济效率等选择,但通常使用碳酸钙、氢氧化铝、二氧化硅和滑石。填料还包括表面处理的填料。
可用于本发明树脂组合物中的增强颗粒可以为常用作纤维增强剂的那些。其实例包括玻璃纤维、聚酯纤维、苯酚纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、尼龙纤维、碳纤维等。这些增强剂可以为碎线、碎线垫、粗纱、织物等的形式。这些增强剂鉴于组合物的粘度、所得模制品的强度等选择。
可用于本发明树脂组合物中的内部脱模剂的实例包括较高脂肪酸,例如硬脂酸;较高脂肪酸盐,例如硬脂酸锌;和烷基磷酸盐。然而,它不具体地限于这些,并且可使用取决于模塑条件而适当选择的各种脱模剂。
可用于本发明树脂组合物中的颜料的典型实例包括无机颜料,例如钛白和炭黑,和有机颜料,例如酞菁栏和喹吖酮红。各种颜料可取决于色相选择。一般而言,颜料通常作为调色剂加入,其中颜料均匀地分散于不饱和聚酯树脂等中。如果想要导电或静电散逸模制部件,则可将导电颜料和/或导电添加剂加入模塑组合物中。
其它各种添加剂包括粘度改进剂如粘度降低剂、消泡剂、硅烷偶联剂、空气阻断剂如石蜡等。可使用市售的产品。
当制备模塑材料,例如片材模塑化合物(下文中称为SMC)和块体模塑化合物(下文中称为BMC)时,增稠剂包括金属氧化物、氢氧化物,例如氧化镁和氢氧化钙,和多官能异氰酸酯化合物,例如粗MDI。然而,增稠剂不具体地限于这些,并且可使用取决于模塑材料的用途和所需性能适当地选择的各种增稠剂。一般而言,使用能够容易控制增稠程度的氧化镁。
在本发明中,与可自由基聚合不饱和树脂混合的加聚聚合物(热塑性树脂)不具体受限,但发挥所需效果如低收缩和物理性能(断裂韧度等)改进的加聚聚合物可取决于模制品的用途、模塑条件等适当地选择并且使用。其典型实例包括含有苯乙烯作为主要组分的聚苯乙烯树脂,例如聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯-((甲基)丙烯酸酯)共聚物、苯乙烯-(共轭二烯)嵌段共聚物、氢化苯乙烯-(共轭二烯)嵌段共聚物等。另外,还包括不含苯乙烯的(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物,例如聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)、聚(丙烯酸丁酯)等。还可使用通过这些聚合物中的双键与其它化合物反应而得到的那些。
苯乙烯-(共轭二烯)嵌段共聚物为由通过苯乙烯聚合而得到的苯乙烯组分与共轭丁二烯和共轭二烯组分制备的嵌段共聚物。作为共轭二烯,可使用丁二烯、异戊二烯、1,3-戊二烯等。另外,还可使用通过将这些苯乙烯-(共轭二烯)嵌段共聚物氢化而得到的苯乙烯-氢化共轭二烯嵌段共聚物。嵌段共聚物的单元不具体受限,但包括以下苯乙烯和共轭二烯重复单元,例如苯乙烯-(共轭二烯)、苯乙烯-(共轭二烯)-苯乙烯和(共轭二烯)-苯乙烯-(共轭二烯)。其具体实例包括苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-(乙烯丁烯)嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-(乙烯丙烯)嵌段共聚物等。
本发明树脂组合物可例如用作模塑材料(作为SMC和BMC用于压缩模塑和注射模塑、喷雾模塑、手动铺设模塑、浇铸、拉挤成型)、涂料(油漆、灰泥、化妆用糊、密封材料和衬垫材料)。本发明模塑材料包含树脂组合物、聚合抑制剂、固化剂、填料、增强剂以及如果需要的话各种添加剂,例如内部脱模剂和颜料。
本发明模制品的实例包括房屋设备,例如浴缸、厨房台面、盥洗室、防水盘和化粪池;民用建筑材料,例如人造大理石、面板、波纹板、拉伸材料和聚合物混凝土;船用结构如舟和船;汽车部件,例如灯光反射器;日用品,例如纽扣和保龄球;等。
以下实施例进一步阐述本发明,但本发明不限于这些实施例。在以下实施例中,除非另外说明,份为重量计。
实施例
试剂
PAG1,可由Lubrizol得到的聚醚胺,其由氧化丙烯(MW 1660)与C12-15醇反应,其后将所得聚醚醇碱催化加成到丙烯腈上,随后氢化以得到胺(85%活性物质)组成。
PAG2,来自Lubrizol的聚醚胺,其由氧化丁烯(MW 1700)与C12-15醇反应,其后将所得聚醚醇碱催化加成到丙烯腈上,随后氢化以得到胺(80%活性物质)组成。
1,2,4-苯三羧酸酐,可由Sigma Aldrich得到
聚(丙二醇)单丁基醚,分子量1000克/摩尔,可由Sigma-Aldrich得到。
高邻苯二甲酸,可由Sigma Aldrich得到
正磷酸催化剂,可由Fisher得到
SurfonamineTMB100,分子量1000克/摩尔,可由Huntsman得到
SurfonamineTMB-200,分子量2000克/摩尔,可由Huntsman得到
EPOMINTMSP-200,Mw 10,000克/摩尔的聚醚亚胺,可由Nippon Shokubai得到
EPOMINTMSP-018,Mw 1800克/摩尔的聚醚亚胺,可由Nippon Shokubai得到
EPOMINTMSP-006,Mw 600克/摩尔的聚醚亚胺,可由Nippon Shokubai得到。
四亚乙基五胺,可由Sigma Aldrich得到
三亚乙基四胺,可由Sigma Aldrich得到
苯乙烯,可由Sigma Aldrich得到
PalapregTMH814-01,包含在苯乙烯中的聚苯乙烯的低收缩添加剂,可由DSM得到
PalapregTMP17-02,来自邻苯二甲酸和标准二醇的不饱和聚酯树脂,可由DSM得到
中间体
中间体1
实施例1:将79.91重量份PAG 1(PAG 1=聚醚胺,由氧化丙烯(MW1660)与C12-15醇反应,其后将所得聚醚醇碱催化加成到丙烯腈上,随后氢化以得到胺(85%活性物质)组成,可由Lubrizol得到)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气覆盖下加热至70℃,同时搅拌。当达到温度时,将1,2,4-苯三羧酸酐(MW 192.13,来自Sigma Aldrich,5.72份)装入烧瓶中,然后加热至120℃并搅拌8小时,得到棕色液体。这是中间体1。
中间体2
实施例2:将聚(丙二醇)单丁基醚(MW 1000,来自Sigma Aldrich,75.78份)、高邻苯二甲酸(MW 180.16,来自Sigma Aldrich,13.69份)和正磷酸催化剂(来自Fisher,0.27份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气覆盖下加热至180℃并搅拌14小时,得到棕色液体产物。这是中间体2。
中间体3
实施例3:将Surfonamine B100(MW 1000,来自Huntsman,91.74份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气覆盖下加热至70℃,然后将1,2,4-苯三羧酸酐(MW 192.13,来自SigmaAldrich,17.62份)装入烧瓶中并加热至120℃并搅拌14小时,得到棕色液体产物。这是中间体3。
中间体4
实施例4:将94.2份PAG 2(PAG 2=聚醚胺,由氧化丁烯(MW 1700)与C12-15醇反应,其后将所得聚醚醇碱催化加成到丙烯腈上,随后氢化以得到胺(80%活性物质)组成,来自Lubrizol)和1,2,4-苯三羧酸酐(MW192.13,来自Sigma Aldrich,7.8份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气覆盖下加热至80℃并搅拌3小时,然后加热至120℃并搅拌12小时,然后加热至150℃并搅拌8小时,得到棕色液体产物。这是中间体4。
中间体5
实施例5:将Surfonamine B200(MW 2435,来自Huntsman,89.32份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气覆盖下加热至70℃,然后将1,2,4-苯三羧酸酐(MW 192.13,来自SigmaAldrich,7.047份)装入烧瓶中并加热至120℃并搅拌11.5小时,然后加热至150℃,保持4小时,得到棕色液体产物。这是中间体5。
试剂
实施例6:将中间体1(56.29份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至90℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-018(MW 1800,来自Nippon Shokubai,3.75份)并搅拌1.5小时,然后加热至120℃并搅拌1小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂1。
实施例7:将中间体1(74.22份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至70℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-200(MW 10,000,来自Nippon Shokubai,3.17份),然后加热至120℃并搅拌6小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂2。
实施例8:将中间体1(64.6份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至70℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-018(MW 1800,来自Nippon Shokubai,2.48份),然后加热至120℃并搅拌6小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂3。
实施例9:将中间体1(64.94份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至70℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-200(MW 10,000,来自Nippon Shokubai,2.17份),然后加热至120℃并搅拌6小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂4。
实施例10:将中间体1(33.98份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至70℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-200(MW 10,000,来自Nippon Shokubai,0.97份),然后加热至120℃并搅拌6小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂5。
实施例11:将中间体1(109.98份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至70℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-200(MW 10,000,来自Nippon Shokubai,2.75份),然后加热至120℃并搅拌6小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂6。
实施例12:将中间体1(52.69份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至90℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-018(MW 1800,来自Nippon Shokubai,1.06份)并搅拌1.5小时,然后加热至120℃并搅拌1小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂7。
实施例13:将中间体1(73.44份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至90℃,装入预热的四亚乙基五胺(MW 189.30,来自Sigma Aldrich,2.82份),搅拌1.5小时,然后加热至120℃并搅拌1小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂8。
实施例14:将中间体1(37.46份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至90℃,装入预热的三亚乙基四胺(MW 146.23,来自Sigma Aldrich,1.44份),搅拌1.5小时,然后加热至120℃并搅拌1小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂9。
实施例15:将中间体1(20.76份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至90℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-006(MW 600,来自Nippon Shokubai,0.8份),搅拌1.5小时,然后加热至120℃并搅拌1小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂10。
实施例16:将中间体2(42.75份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至70℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-200(MW 10,000,来自Nippon Shokubai,2.51份),然后加热至120℃并搅拌6小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂11。
实施例17:将中间体3(66.78份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至90℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-018(MW 1800,来自Nippon Shokubai,2.56份),搅拌1.5小时,然后加热至120℃并搅拌1小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂12。
实施例18:将中间体4(40.52份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至70℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-200(MW 10,000,来自Nippon Shokubai,1.35份),然后加热至120℃并搅拌6小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂13。
实施例19:将中间体5(47.27份)装入反应烧瓶中并在氮气下加热至90℃,装入预热的EPOMIN SP-018(MW 1800,来自Nippon Shokubai,1.82份),搅拌1.5小时,然后加热至120℃并搅拌1小时,得到棕色粘性液体产物。这是试剂14。
树脂分离试验
将各个实施例添加剂(0.5份活性物质含量)、苯乙烯单体(2份)和PALA H814-01树脂(11.25份)装入Dispermat锅中,并用锯齿形叶轮以2000rpm混合5分钟。将P17-02树脂(11.25份)装入锅中并以2000rpm混合5分钟。将混合物倾注到玻璃瓶中并密封。观察这,并在看到材料分离时记录这。
表1
试剂 | 最后观察到的无分离 | 首先观察到的分离 |
无试剂 | 20分钟 | 30分钟 |
试剂1 | 6小时 | 24小时 |
试剂2 | 48小时 | 72小时 |
试剂3 | 96小时 | 168小时 |
试剂4 | 72小时 | 96小时 |
试剂5 | 48小时 | 72小时 |
试剂6 | 6小时 | 24小时 |
试剂7 | 6小时 | 24小时 |
试剂8 | 24小时 | 48小时 |
试剂9 | 48小时 | 72小时 |
试剂10 | 72小时 | 96小时 |
试剂11 | 6小时 | 24小时 |
试剂12 | 6小时 | 24小时 |
试剂13 | 48小时 | 72小时 |
试剂14 | 216小时 | 240小时 |
如本文所用,与“包括”、“含有”或“特征是…”同义的过渡术语“包含”为包括性或开放性的,且不排除其它未描述的元素或方法步骤。然而,在本文中“包含”的各描述中,意欲作为可选实施方案,该术语还包括短语“基本由…组成”和“由…组成”,其中“由…组成”不包括没有描述的任何元素或步骤,“基本由…组成”容许包括不实质性影响所考虑的组合物或方法的基本和新特性的其它未描述元素或步骤。
术语“烃基”或“亚烃基”在本发明上下文中表示具有直接连接在分子其余部分上的碳原子且具有烃或主要烃性质的基团。这类基团包括以下:(1)纯烃基;即脂族(例如烷基或烯基)、脂环族(例如环烷基或环烯基)、芳族、脂族-和脂环族取代的芳族、芳族取代的脂族和脂环族基团等,以及其中环通过该分子的另一部分完成(例如两个所述取代基可一起形成脂环族基团)的环状基团。这类基团是本领域技术人员已知的。实例包括甲基、乙基、辛基、癸基、十八烷基、环己基、苯基等。(2)取代的烃基;即包含不改变基团的主要烃性质的非烃取代基的基团。本领域技术人员熟悉合适的取代基。实例包括羟基、硝基、氰基、烷氧基、酰基等。(3)杂基团;即在主要烃性质同时在包含碳原子的链或环中包含不同于碳的原子的基团。合适的杂原子是本领域技术人员了解的,且包括例如氮、氧和硫。
如下文所述,除包含氧化乙烯的那些外,对于所有聚合物链本发明聚合物的数均分子量使用已知的方法,例如GPC分析使用聚苯乙烯标准测定。包含氧化乙烯的聚合物链的数均分子量通过GPC(THF洗脱液,PEG标准)测定。
在此将以上提及的各文件通过引用并入本发明。除实施例中,或另外明确说明外,在本说明书中描述材料的量、反应条件、分子量、碳原子数等的所有数量应当理解被措辞“约”修饰。除非另有说明,本文提及的各个化学品或组合物应当理解为可含有异构体、副产物、衍生物和通常应当理解存在于商品级中的其它这类材料的商品级材料。然而,除非另有说明,各个化学组分的量表示为排除了通常可存在于商业材料中的任何溶剂或稀释油。应当理解本文所述量、范围和比的上限和下限可独立地组合。类似地,本发明各个元素的范围和量可以与任何其它元素的范围或量一起使用。
如本文所用,术语“亚烃基”以该术语的普通意义使用,且意欲包括通过从烃中除去2个氢原子而形成的任何二价基团。
如本文所用,术语“亚烷基(亚烯基)”以该术语的普通意义使用,且意欲包括亚烷基和/或亚烯基。
尽管关于其优选实施方案解释了本发明,应当理解其各种改进会在本领域技术人员阅读说明书时获悉。因此,应当理解本文公开的发明意欲涵盖落入所附权利要求书范围内的这类改进。
Claims (17)
1.一种不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其包含:
防止相分离的添加剂,
用于低收缩的加聚聚合物(D),其特征是具有50,000克/摩尔以上的数均分子量且作为分散相存在于所述组合物中,
可自由基共聚不饱和树脂,和
可聚合不饱和单体,
其中所述防止相分离的添加剂包含以10:1-60:1的R1-(OCδH2δ)x-(OCH2CH2)y-W-φ-COOH:胺类多元物种重量比的式R1-(OCδH2δ)x-(OCH2CH2)y-W-φ-COOH官能化聚醚与胺类多元物种的反应产物,所述胺类多元物种每分子具有至少3个伯和/或仲胺基团和100-100,000克/摩尔的数均分子量,
其中:
R1为C1-C36烃基,其可以为环状、支化或非支化烷基;芳基;烷基芳基或芳基烷基,
δ为3和/或4,
x为10-60,
y为0-10,
-(OCδH2δ)和-(OCH2CH2)重复单元可以以任何顺序,且y必须小于x,W为酯、酰亚胺或者任选酰胺连接基团,其可任选包括1-4个碳原子的亚烃基,
φ为6-10个碳原子的芳基,且所述芳基可任选具有取代基,所述取代基包括1-4个碳原子的线性或支化烷基链、卤素和/或-NO2,
其中用于低收缩的加聚聚合物(D)为含有苯乙烯作为主要组分的聚苯乙烯树脂或不含苯乙烯的(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物,
其中可自由基共聚不饱和树脂为不饱和聚酯或乙烯基酯树脂,和
其中可聚合不饱和单体为苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、邻苯二甲酸二烯丙基酯、羧酸乙烯基酯或乙烯基醚。
2.根据权利要求1的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中所述R1-(OCδH2δ)x-(OCH2CH2)y-W-φ-COOH与所述胺类多元物种的重量比为15:1-50:1。
3.根据权利要求1的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中所述胺类多元物种具有140至75,000克/摩尔的数均分子量。
4.根据权利要求2的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中所述胺类多元物种具有140至75,000克/摩尔的数均分子量。
5.根据权利要求1的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中x为10-40。
6.根据权利要求1的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中-(OCδH2δ)和-(OCH2CH2)重复单元可以以无规或嵌段。
7.根据权利要求1的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中W为酯、酰亚胺或者任选酰胺连接基团,其可任选包括1个碳原子的亚烃基。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中W包含酯键。
9.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中W包含酰亚胺键。
10.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中所述胺类多元物种具有140至20,000克/摩尔的数均分子量。
11.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中所述用于低收缩的加聚聚合物(D)为苯乙烯均聚物或者具有至少33重量%衍生自苯乙烯单体的重复单元的共聚物。
12.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中胺类多元物种为聚醚亚胺。
13.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中可自由基共聚不饱和树脂:可聚合不饱和单体的重量比为30-90:10-70。
14.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中所述组合物进一步包含基于所述不饱和树脂模塑组合物的总重量至少3重量%短切、机织或绕制纤维。
15.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中所述防止相分离的添加剂的量基于为100重量份的不饱和树脂和不饱和单体的总量在0.5至5重量份的范围内。
16.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的不饱和树脂模塑组合物,其中所述防止相分离的添加剂为式R1-(OCδH2δ)x-(OCH2CH2)y-W-φ-COOH官能化聚醚与胺类多元物种的反应产物,所述添加剂包含一个或多个未反应氨基,其通过与酸物种的盐化反应而进一步官能化,所述酸物种选自单或多羧酸、无机酸、含磷和含多金属氧酸盐的酸或强酸。
17.一种模制品,其在模塑、不饱和单体聚合和不饱和树脂交联以后包含权利要求1-14中任一项的不饱和树脂模塑组合物。
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2015
- 2015-11-13 EP EP15808298.2A patent/EP3230037B1/en active Active
- 2015-11-13 ES ES15808298T patent/ES2785558T3/es active Active
- 2015-11-13 WO PCT/US2015/060495 patent/WO2016094026A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-11-13 CN CN201580075656.2A patent/CN107207849B/zh active Active
- 2015-11-13 KR KR1020177018808A patent/KR102400084B1/ko active Active
- 2015-11-13 US US15/533,629 patent/US10246584B2/en active Active
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JP2017538011A (ja) | 2017-12-21 |
JP6822956B2 (ja) | 2021-01-27 |
TW201638189A (zh) | 2016-11-01 |
KR20170092681A (ko) | 2017-08-11 |
EP3230037A1 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
EP3230037B1 (en) | 2020-04-08 |
US10246584B2 (en) | 2019-04-02 |
ES2785558T3 (es) | 2020-10-07 |
TWI684620B (zh) | 2020-02-11 |
WO2016094026A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
KR102400084B1 (ko) | 2022-05-18 |
US20180265696A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
CN107207849A (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
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