CN107188088B - Combined loading and unloading device and method for loading and unloading overweight or overlong objects in a container - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined loading and unloading device and a loading and unloading method of an overweight or overlong object in a container, wherein the device consists of a master vehicle for loading and unloading the container integrally and a sub-vehicle for loading and unloading materials in the container; the primary vehicle comprises a primary vehicle body, a lifting mechanism, a combined lifting appliance and a primary vehicle control mechanism; the hoisting mechanism is arranged on a frame of the main vehicle body, and the combined lifting appliance comprises a suspension lifting appliance frame and a telescopic combined lifting appliance; the control mechanism comprises a hydraulic control assembly and an electric control assembly; the sub-vehicle comprises a sub-vehicle body, a front fork mechanism, a rear fork mechanism and a sub-vehicle lifting control device; the sub-vehicle lifting control device is connected with the lifting unit and controls the lifting unit to move upwards and downwards or lock. The combined loading and unloading device and the loading and unloading method can simultaneously meet the loading and unloading operation of the container body, the overweight box-shaped object and the overlong object in the container and the like through the independent or cooperative work of the separable sub-vehicle and the main vehicle, and avoid the inconvenience of loading and unloading the overweight and overlong object in the prior art.

Description

Combined loading and unloading device and method for loading and unloading overweight or overlong objects in containers

technical field

The invention relates to a lifting loading and unloading mechanical equipment, in particular to a combined loading and unloading device and a loading and unloading method for overweight or overlong objects in a container.

Background technique

At present, containerized transportation at home and abroad is vigorously promoted and vigorously developed. In the existing technology, there are mature machinery and equipment for the overall loading and unloading of containers. As for how to load and unload goods into and out of containers, the following two methods are most used now:

1. Load and unload the container from the special vehicle to the ground, and then use forklifts and other equipment to load and unload small and light goods. The disadvantage of this method is that large-scale special lifting equipment is required on site, and the price is expensive; at the same time, due to the limited load of forklifts that can enter the container for loading and unloading operations, there is no particularly effective method for loading and unloading overweight box-shaped objects and ultra-long materials. .

2. Do not load and unload the container from the special vehicle to the ground, directly use the ramp-type boarding bridge to dock the container opening, and use forklifts and other equipment to enter the container to load and unload small and light goods. The disadvantage of this method is also that it is difficult to load and unload overweight box-shaped objects and super-long materials, and forklift equipment cannot effectively complete the loading and unloading task; Use a forklift or other tools and equipment to push the goods into the box. As a result of this operation, the bottom plate of the container will be damaged, the box-shaped object cannot enter the other end of the closure at one time, and the long material cannot be loaded again, etc. insufficient.

For this reason, the present invention has designed a kind of combined loading and unloading device that can simultaneously meet loading and unloading operations such as the container body, the overweight box-shaped object in the container cabinet and the superlong object, and the loading and unloading method of the container and the object in the container.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a combined loading and unloading device capable of simultaneously satisfying the loading and unloading operations of the container body, overweight box-shaped objects in the box, and overlong materials, and a loading and unloading method for overweight or overlong objects in the container.

In order to achieve the above object, the scheme adopted by the present invention is:

A combined loading and unloading device, the combined handling device is composed of a mother car used for the overall loading and unloading of containers and a sub-car used for loading and unloading materials in the container;

The mother car includes a mother car body, a lifting mechanism, a combination spreader and a mother car control mechanism;

The body of the mother car is composed of a frame, pillars and moving wheels, each pillar is fitted on the frame, and the moving wheels are arranged at the feet of the pillars;

The lifting mechanism is arranged on the frame of the mother car body, which consists of two groups of lifting components and two auxiliary rods, each group of lifting components consists of a lifting oil cylinder, a bearing support, a head balance beam, It is composed of two horizontal pulleys, two vertical pulleys and two load ropes; the auxiliary rod is fixed on the frame, one end of the bearing support is fixed on an auxiliary rod and the other end is fixed to one end of the lifting cylinder, and the lifting cylinder The other end of the head is connected to the head balance beam with two connecting ends; two horizontal pulleys are horizontally arranged on the other auxiliary rod, and two vertical pulleys are vertically arranged on the frame of the mother car; a load rope is balanced from the head One connection end of the beam leads out and passes through the nearest vertical pulley, and the other load rope leads out from the other connection end of the head balance beam and passes through the two horizontal pulleys in turn and passes through the other vertical pulley;

The combined sling includes a hanging sling frame and a telescopic combined sling, the hanging sling frame is connected with the load rope of the hoisting mechanism, the telescopic combined sling is fixedly connected with the hanging sling frame, and the length of the telescopic combined sling can be adjusted To match containers of different specifications; the frame of the suspension spreader is also provided with a connection assembly, the connection assembly includes a front-end connection unit of a sub-car and a rear-end connection unit of a sub-car;

The control mechanism includes a hydraulic control assembly and an electrical control assembly; the hydraulic control assembly is used to provide operating power for all mechanism devices, and the electrical control assembly is composed of a PLC program controller and a number of electrical switching elements;

The sub-car includes a sub-car body, a front fork mechanism, a rear fork mechanism and a sub-car lifting control device;

The sub-car body is composed of a frame, pillars and moving wheels, each pillar is fitted on the frame, and the moving wheels are arranged at the foot of the pillar; the front part of the frame is provided with a sub-car front section connecting unit connected to the front end of the sub-car. The rear part of the sub-car is equipped with a sub-car rear section connecting piece connected with the sub-car rear-end connecting unit, and the sub-car front section connecting piece and the sub-car rear section connecting piece are removably matched with the sub-car front-end connection of the combined spreader Unit and sub-car rear-end connection unit;

The front fork mechanism is arranged on the front end of the sub-car body frame and faces towards the front of the sub-car, and the rear fork mechanism is arranged on the middle part of the sub-car body frame and faces toward the rear of the sub-car; Composed of frame, lifting unit, fork frame and cargo fork, the side frame is set on the body frame of the sub-car, the lifting unit is set on the side frame, the fork frame is set on the lifting unit, and the fork is set on the fork frame above; more preferably, the rear fork mechanism is provided with several, arranged at a certain distance, so as to provide a better bearing effect when loading and unloading super long objects;

The lifting control device of the sub-car is connected with the lifting unit and controls its upward movement, downward movement or locking.

The loading and unloading operation of the combined loading and unloading device can be divided into two parts, that is, the overall loading and unloading of the container (hereinafter referred to as box loading and unloading) and the loading and unloading of objects in the container (hereinafter referred to as object loading and unloading);

For box loading and unloading, operate the controller to disconnect the connection between the mother car and the sub-car, that is, the connection between the front part of the sub-car and the rear part of the sub-car and the connection between the front connection unit of the sub-car and the rear connection unit of the sub-car of the combined spreader is disconnected. Open, the sub-car is removed from the device, and the mother car is used alone; adjust the size of the telescopic combination spreader of the mother car to match the container to be loaded and unloaded, the telescopic combination spreader grasps the container and lifts it up with the lifting device, and the mother car The truck moves the container to the destination position and slowly puts down the container, thus completing the loading and unloading operation of the box.

For the loading and unloading of objects, especially the loading and unloading of overweight or long objects, first operate the controller to connect the mother car and the child car firmly. Since the operation of unloading objects from the container and loading them into the container is opposite during the object loading and unloading process, the following is Take unloading objects as an example to illustrate; the mother car lifts the sub-car to an appropriate height (so that the moving wheels of the sub-car are basically consistent with the bottom surface of the container) and moves to the container mouth, and the mother car moves forward an appropriate distance to make the front end of the sub-car move The wheels fall on the bottom surface of the container, disconnect the front end of the sub-car and the mother workshop, the mother car moves forward so that the sub-car is close to the object to be unloaded, put the object to be loaded and unloaded on the fork of the sub-car, and place it on the fork of the overweight object. On the fork of the front fork mechanism, for super long objects, the two ends are respectively set on the fork of the front fork mechanism and the rear fork mechanism, and the lifting control device of the sub-car is operated to make the fork lift the object to an appropriate position; The car starts to move backwards until the front end of the sub-car can be connected to the mother car, but the pulley at the front end of the sub-car does not leave the bottom of the container. Connect the front end of the sub-car and the mother car together. After confirming that the connection is firm, the mother car continues to move to the target position, and finally the lifting device The sub-car is put down, and the fork of the sub-car is lowered so that the object is unloaded to the destination position.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned container loading and unloading operations not only refer to the loading and unloading of empty containers, but also include the overall loading and unloading of containers without overweight or long objects that need to be loaded and unloaded separately.

The combined loading and unloading device not only can actually load and unload the container as a whole like the traditional loading and unloading equipment, but also can realize the loading and unloading of the material separately through the sub-car when there are overweight or long objects in the box that need to be loaded and unloaded; this aspect can be used in loading and unloading During the process, the objects are loaded and unloaded in batches and divided into parts, so that the loading and unloading of overweight containers can be completed without borrowing large lifting equipment; on the other hand, the loading and unloading of super long objects can also be completed well and Stacked loading of super long objects can also be realized during the loading process, which cannot be achieved with traditional loading settings.

Preferably, the lifting unit is a gear-type lifting device or a chain-type lifting device, and the gear-type lifting device is composed of a rack, a gear and a driving motor, the gear is connected with the driving motor, and the rack and One of the gears is set on the side frame and the other is fixedly connected to the fork frame; the chain lifting device is composed of a load chain, a hydraulic cylinder and a rotating wheel, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is set on the side frame and the other end is connected to the rotating wheel The wheels are connected, one end of the load chain is fixed on the side frame and the other end is fixed on the fork frame. The gear type lifting device or the chain type lifting device of the above structure is a preferred lifting unit of the combined handling device of the present invention.

Preferably, a left-right alignment device is also provided on the mother car, and the left-right alignment device has two groups and is respectively arranged at the front and rear of the frame. The left-right alignment device consists of a moving sleeve, an adjustment cylinder and an adjustment cylinder. The moving sleeve is movably set on a frame rod of the frame, one end of the adjustment oil cylinder is fixed on the moving sleeve and the other end is fixed on the frame through the adjustment oil cylinder support, and the vertical pulley is fixed Set on the moving sleeve, two sets of left and right alignment devices move synchronously or asynchronously. Through the left and right alignment device, the position of the object to be loaded and unloaded can be adjusted more precisely during the loading and unloading process, so as to facilitate the loading and unloading of special circumstances or special objects; The up and down adjustment can realize the arbitrary direction adjustment of the object, and the applicability is greatly enhanced.

Preferably, the frame of the mother car body is in the shape of a rectangle, there are four pillars and they are arranged on two opposite sides, three moving wheels are arranged in an isosceles triangle structure, and two moving wheels are arranged on one side One is arranged on the other side, wherein a single moving wheel is respectively connected to the two pillars on this side through a connecting piece. The rectangular frame is more convenient to make and use, and the three landing points (that is, three moving wheels) can match various grounds to avoid unstable loading and unloading process caused by shaking caused by uneven ground.

Further, the mother car also includes a lifting device, the lifting device is composed of a lifting mechanism and a telescopic pillar, the telescopic pillar is composed of an upper column and a lower column that are telescopically connected, the lifting mechanism is a lifting cylinder, One end of the lifting cylinder is fixed on the frame of the mother car and the other end is fixedly connected with the lower column. The lifting device can further increase the overall lifting effect of the mother car, and it can work alone or in cooperation with the lifting device, and the specific use method depends on actual needs.

Further, the mother car also includes a running steering mechanism of the mother car, and the running steering mechanism of the mother car includes a two-wheel drive mechanism and a single-wheel drive mechanism; the two-wheel drive mechanism is composed of a driving device, a wheel support structure and a steering synchronization mechanism, The wheel support structure and the foot of the pillar are fixed in such a way that the wheel support structure can rotate around its central axis in a universal wheel type. The moving wheels on the double-wheel side are rotatably matched with the wheel support structure on the double-wheel side. The driving device Connected with the moving wheel, the steering synchronous mechanism connects the two double-wheel side wheel support structures to match the steering angle of the two wheel support structures; the single-wheel drive mechanism is composed of the driving device and the wheel support structure, and the single-wheel side wheel support structure is connected to the The wheel support structure on the single wheel side is fixed in a fixed manner that cannot rotate around its central axis, and the driving mechanism on the single wheel side is connected with the moving wheel. By running the steering mechanism, the electric control of the mother car can be realized, without manually pushing the mother car, only need to press the corresponding button to realize the specific adjustment of the movement and steering of the mother car, which greatly increases the convenience.

Preferably, the connection between the front section of the sub-car and the mother car is a sliding connection, the front-end connection unit of the sub-car is a slide rail arranged on the frame of the mother car, and the front-section connector of the sub-car is formed by a The slide rail and the pulley arranged on the sub-car slide rail are composed; the above slide rail and the pulley can also be in the form of a rack and a gear. The above-mentioned combined loading and unloading device often needs to operate the joint and separation of the front end of the sub-car and the mother car during the loading and unloading process of the objects in the box, which will increase the operation time and complexity; however, the sliding connection can avoid multiple loading and unloading processes This operation is repeated continuously, and the slide rail and the pulley can be automatically matched to realize such a function.

Preferably, the position where the rear fork mechanism is matched to the frame of the sub-car is variable, and it is matched to the frame through a rear fork traveling mechanism or a manual fixing unit, and the rear fork traveling mechanism is provided on the sub-car frame by a The moving slot is composed of a traveling motor arranged in the moving slot, and the rear fork mechanism is fixedly connected with the traveling motor; the manual fixing unit consists of a positioning hole arranged on the sub-car frame and a positioning hole arranged on the side frame of the rear fork mechanism And positioning pins, the positioning holes arranged on the sub-car frame are arranged at a certain distance, and the fixing and moving of the rear fork mechanism can be realized through the cooperation of the positioning pins and the two positioning holes. The adjustable rear fork structure can increase the convenience of the sub-car for loading and unloading super long objects.

Preferably, the combined loading and unloading device further includes a radio remote controller for the parent car and/or a radio remote controller for the sub-car, and the radio remote controller for the parent car and the radio remote controller for the sub-car are respectively connected to the control device of the parent car through wireless signals, radio frequency or bluetooth And sub-car lift control device. The wireless remote control can increase the convenience of operation, and at the same time reduce the number of operators required by the device. In special cases, only one operator can complete all loading and unloading operations.

A method for loading and unloading overweight or overlong objects in a container, the method comprising the following steps:

S1 connection operation : operate the controller to firmly connect the front connecting part and the rear connecting part of the sub-car with the front connecting unit and the rear connecting unit of the combined spreader of the parent car;

S2 Mobile preparation : Operate the mother car to drop the moving wheel at the front end of the sub-car on the bottom surface of the container, and disconnect the connection between the front-end connector of the sub-car and the front-end connection unit of the sub-car;

S3 Object loading : The mother car drives the sub-car to move forward to make it close to the object to be unloaded. Set the two ends of the object on the forks of the front fork mechanism and the rear fork mechanism respectively, and operate the sub-car lifting control device to make the forks lift the object;

S4 Unloading of objects : The mother car moves backward to the front end of the child car to connect with the mother car and the pulley at the front end of the child car does not leave the bottom of the container. The connecting piece at the front end of the child car and the front connecting unit of the child car are firmly connected together, and the mother car is moved to Target position, operating the control device to unload the object to the target position.

The loading and unloading method can load and unload objects in batches during the loading and unloading process, and unload them in pieces, so that on the one hand, the loading and unloading of overweight containers can be completed without borrowing large lifting equipment; Long objects can also be loaded and unloaded very well and super-long objects can be stacked during loading, which is not possible with traditional loading setups.

The invention provides a combined loading and unloading device and a loading and unloading method for overweight or overlong objects in a container. The detachable sub-car and the mother car work independently or cooperatively to meet the needs of the container body, the overweight box-shaped object in the box and the overweight The loading and unloading operation of long objects avoids the inconvenience of loading and unloading overweight and long objects in the prior art; it has the advantages of complete functions, high efficiency and safety, simple structure, easy operation, low investment, reliable operation, and economical cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram of an overweight box-shaped object in a high-level cabinet loaded and unloaded at the front end of a sub-car;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the two-wheel side of the mother car loading and unloading the low-level container body;

Fig. 3 is a side view of the single wheel of the mother car loading and unloading the low container body;

Fig. 4 is a top view of the empty state of the mother car;

Fig. 5 is a side view of the double wheels of the mother car lifting and loading and unloading the high-level container body;

Fig. 6 is a diagram of the left side of the mother car loading and unloading the low-level container body and a position diagram of the sub-car cabinet;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of loading and unloading an overweight box-shaped object on the ground at the front end of the sub-car;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of super-long materials in the low-level cabinet for loading and unloading by sub-cars;

Among them, 1. Mother car body, 2. Lifting mechanism, 3. Combined spreader, 4. Lifting device, 5. Left and right alignment device, 6. Subcar body, 7. Front fork mechanism, 8. Rear fork Mechanism, 11, frame, 12, pillar, 13, moving wheel, 21, lifting cylinder, 22, head balance beam, 23, horizontal pulley, 24, vertical pulley, 25, load rope, 26, auxiliary rod, 31, Suspension spreader frame, 32, telescopic combined spreader, 41, hoisting mechanism, 42, telescopic pillar, 51, moving sleeve, 52, adjusting oil cylinder, 61, sub-car frame, 62, pillar, 63 moving wheel, 611, Sub-car front segment connector, 612, sub-car rear segment connector, 141, tire rim, 142, wheel support structure, 143, steering synchronous mechanism, 144, connector.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention and to limit the protection scope of the present invention more clearly, the structure and method of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

A combined loading and unloading device is composed of a mother car for loading and unloading containers as a whole and a sub-car for loading and unloading objects (especially overweight or long objects) in the container.

The mother car is composed of a mother car body 1, a lifting mechanism 2, a combined spreader 3 and a control mechanism of the mother car; On the frame 11 , the moving wheels 13 are arranged at the feet of the pillars 12 . The frame of the mother car is the installation and load-bearing base of all mechanism devices, and other parts are all directly or indirectly connected to it; On the side (preferably the longer two side strips), and the moving wheel 13 is provided with 3, one side is provided with two (hereinafter referred to as the double wheel side) and the other side is provided with one (hereinafter referred to as the single wheel side), the double wheel The moving wheels on the side are matched with the feet of the two pillars respectively, and the moving wheels on the single wheel side are respectively connected to the two pillars on the side through the connecting piece. There is an interface for supporting the pillars; the design of 3 moving wheels can make the balance and operability of the mother car better. After all, the ground flatness of the work area is generally difficult to achieve a very smooth effect, but on uneven ground Four or more wheels are difficult to ensure that each wheel is on the ground, and the mobile wheels still need to be moved, which cannot be processed by padding; this can avoid the use of four or more mobile wheels due to different mobile wheels landing on the ground. The overall loading and unloading device tilts or shakes to improve the stability of the loading and unloading device during loading and unloading.

More preferably, the mother car also includes a running steering mechanism of the mother car, and the running steering mechanism of the mother car is composed of a double-wheel drive mechanism and a single-wheel drive mechanism. The two-wheel driving mechanism is composed of a driving device, a wheel support structure 142 and a steering synchronous mechanism 143. The mobile wheel 13 is matched to the corresponding pillar through the mother car running steering mechanism; 142 can be fixedly connected in the way of universal wheel rotation around its central axis, and the moving wheel 13 on the double-wheel side is rotatably matched with the wheel support structure 142 on the double-wheel side, and the driving device is connected with the moving wheel 13 so as to drive it. Rotate, the dual-wheel side steering synchronous mechanism connects the two dual-wheel side wheel support structures 142 so that the angles at which the two wheel support structures turn to match. The single-wheel driving mechanism is composed of a driving device and a wheel support structure 142. The wheel support structure 142 on the single-wheel side is connected to the connecting piece 144 in such a way that the wheel support structure 142 on the single-wheel side cannot rotate around its central axis and is fixed. The moving wheel 13 on this side is rotatably matched with the wheel supporting structure 142 on the single wheel side, and the driving mechanism on the single wheel side is connected with the moving wheel 13 to drive its rotation. The two-wheel drive mechanism of the mother car and the single-wheel drive mechanism of the mother car located on the left and right sides of the frame adopt an independent power arrangement structure, and their driving devices are connected to the hydraulic control components of the parent car and can be realized through the coordinated operation of the hydraulic control components of the parent car. Wheel deceleration, speed regulation operation, zero speed braking and steering operation.

Optimally, the three moving wheels are arranged in an isosceles triangle structure, and the steering operation of the whole mother car is realized by the two-wheel steering synchronization mechanism of the mother car, and the steering is stable and synchronous.

The lifting mechanism 2 is arranged on the frame 11 of the mother car body, and it is composed of two groups of lifting components and two auxiliary rods 26. Each group of lifting components consists of a lifting cylinder 21, a bearing support, a head Balance beam 22, two horizontal pulleys 23, two vertical pulleys 24 and two load ropes 25; the auxiliary rod 26 is fixed in the frame (in the frame, above the frame or below the frame, preferably in the frame) One end of the bearing support is fixed on an auxiliary rod 26 and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the lifting cylinder 21, and the other end of the lifting cylinder 21 is connected to the head balance beam 22 with two connecting ends; two horizontal pulleys 23 are horizontal Ground is arranged on another auxiliary bar 26, and two vertical pulleys 24 are vertically affixed to the frame 11 of mother car; A load rope is drawn from a connecting end of head balance beam 22 and by the nearest vertical pulley, The other load rope is led out from the other connecting end of the head balance beam and passes through two horizontal pulleys and passes through another vertical pulley in turn; the free end of the load rope passing through the vertical pulley is connected to the combined spreader 3, and the two sets of There are 4 free ends of the load rope in the lifting assembly.

The combined spreader 3 includes a suspended spreader frame 31 and a telescopic combined spreader 32, the suspended spreader frame 31 is connected with the free ends of the four load ropes 25 of the hoisting mechanism, and the telescopic combined spreader 32 is fixed to the suspended spreader frame 31 Connection, the length of the telescopic combination spreader 32 can be adjusted to match containers of different specifications; the hanging spreader frame 31 is also provided with a connecting assembly, which includes a sub-car front connecting unit 311 and a sub-car rear connecting unit 312 , the front end connection unit 311 of the sub-car and the rear connection unit 312 of the sub-car are used when the parent car is connected to the sub-car.

The control mechanism 4 includes a hydraulic control assembly and an electrical control assembly; the hydraulic control assembly is used to provide operating power for all mechanism devices, and the electrical control assembly is composed of a PLC program controller and several electrical switching elements.

The sub-car includes a sub-car body 6, a front fork mechanism 7, a rear fork mechanism 8 and a sub-car lifting control device;

Described sub-car body 6 is made up of sub-car frame 61, pillar 62 and moving wheel 63, and several pillars 62 cooperate on the framework, and moving wheel is arranged on pillar 62 feet; In some specific embodiments, sub-car pillar 62 and There are four moving wheels 63, which are divided into two groups and arranged on two opposite sides of the frame. The moving wheels 63 are non-powered fixed wheels and/or non-powered universal wheels. The front part of the sub-car frame 61 is provided with a sub-car front-section connector 611 connected to the sub-car front-end connection unit 311, and the rear part is provided with a sub-car rear-section connector 612 connected with the sub-car rear-end connection unit 312; The front connecting part 611 of the sub-car and the connecting part 612 of the rear part of the sub-car are removably matched with the front connecting unit 311 of the sub-car and the connecting unit 312 of the rear end of the sub-car of the combined spreader. The cooperation between the sub-car and the parent car can be partially or Completely removed, that is: the sub-car can be completely separated from the mother car and the mother car can work independently, or it can be completely combined with the mother car (referring to the sub-car that the front section of the sub-car and the rear section of the sub-car are matched with the sub-car of the combined spreader. The front-end connection unit of the car and the rear-end connection unit of the sub-car) the mother car and the sub-car work together, and can also be partially combined (the front end of the sub-car is separated from the mother car and the rear section is combined with it) to work together.

In some specific embodiments, the cooperation between the sub-car and the mother car can be a detachable fixed connection and/or a detachable sliding connection. The connecting part of the rear section of the car is a grab arm that can be opened and closed manually or automatically. It is matched with the front connecting unit of the sub-car and the rear connecting unit of the sub-car on the frame of the suspension spreader of the parent car. When it needs to be opened, it can be opened manually or through the control device of the parent car. All or one of them can be opened electrically, and the two can be firmly matched and can carry corresponding weight when cooperation is required. The method of sliding connection is mainly aimed at the cooperation between the front part of the sub-car and the mother car. The specific structure can be: the front-end connection unit of the sub-car is a slide rail arranged on the frame of the mother car, and the front part of the sub-car is composed of The slide rail arranged on the frame of the sub-car is composed of a pulley arranged on the slide rail of the sub-car, and the pulley has a locking function. This can avoid the trouble of opening and engaging the front-end connectors when the connection is fixed.

The front fork mechanism 7 is arranged on the front end of the sub-car body frame and faces towards the front of the sub-car, and the rear fork mechanism 8 is arranged on the middle part of the sub-car body frame and faces towards the rear of the sub-car; the front fork mechanism 7 and the rear fork mechanism 8 are composed of a side frame, a lifting unit, a fork frame and a cargo fork, the side frame is arranged on the body frame of the sub-car, the lifting unit is arranged on the side frame, and the fork frame is arranged on the lifting unit. More preferably, there are at least two front fork mechanisms 7 and rear fork mechanisms 8, and both are adjustable on the fork frame. The lifting control device of the sub-car is connected with the hoisting unit of the front fork mechanism and the rear fork mechanism and controls its upward, downward movement or locking. More preferably, there are several rear fork mechanisms, which are arranged at a certain distance, so as to provide a better bearing effect when loading and unloading super long objects.

More preferably, the combined loading and unloading device also includes a radio remote controller for the mother car and/or a radio remote controller for the sub-car, and the radio remote controller for the mother car and the radio remote controller for the sub-car are respectively connected to the master car control via wireless signals, radio frequency or bluetooth. device and sub-car lift control device. A number of distance sensors and warning devices can also be installed on the mother car and the sub-car. The distance sensor is used to sense the distance between the related components of the mother car and the sub-car and the container when the device is working, and to give an alarm when the distance is too small, thereby avoiding this. The device collided with the container.

In some preferred embodiments, the lifting unit of the sub-car is a gear-type lifting unit or a chain-type lifting unit, and the gear-type lifting unit is composed of a rack, a gear and a driving motor, and the gear Connected with the drive motor, one of the rack and the gear is set on the side frame and the other is fixedly connected to the fork (it can be that the rack is set on the side frame and the gear is set on the fork, or vice versa, but the former is more better), the gear-type lifting unit drives the fork frame to move up and down through the relative movement of the rack and the gear so that the fork can be lifted; the chain-type lifting unit is composed of a load chain, a hydraulic cylinder and a rotating wheel. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is set on the side frame and the other end is connected with the rotating wheel. One end of the load chain is fixed on the side frame and the other end is fixed to the fork frame; the chain lifting unit finally makes the fork move through the reciprocating movement of the hydraulic cylinder. Up and down lifting motion.

In some preferred embodiments, the parent car is also provided with a left-right alignment device 5, and the left-right alignment device 5 has two groups and is respectively arranged at the front and the rear of the frame, and the left-right alignment device is moved by Sleeve 51, adjustment oil cylinder 52 and adjustment oil cylinder support are composed. The moving sleeve 51 is movably sleeved outside a frame rod of the frame. The support is fixed on the frame, the hydraulic control assembly controls the moving sleeve 51 to move left and right, the vertical pulley 24 is fixed on the moving sleeve, and the two sets of left and right alignment devices move synchronously or asynchronously. The frame bar (such as connecting beam) on a certain side of the frame is arranged in the moving sleeve, and the moving sleeve 51 can move left and right on the frame bar, and the left and right movement of the moving sleeve is realized by adjusting the oil cylinder; Move, drive the left and right movement of the vertical pulley 24 and finally realize the overall left and right movement of the container or object to be loaded and unloaded connected with the lifting device of the mother car; Movement, so as to meet the loading and unloading requirements under various conditions.

In some preferred embodiments, the mother car also includes a lifting device 4, the lifting device is composed of a lifting mechanism 41 and a telescopic pillar 42, and the telescopic pillar 42 is composed of an upper column and a lower column telescopically connected Composition, the lifting mechanism 41 is a lifting oil cylinder, one end of the lifting oil cylinder is fixed on the frame of the mother car and the other end is fixedly connected with the lower column. More preferably, the lower part of the mother car is also provided with a base, the base is fixed on the lower column or the wheel support structure, and one end of the lifting cylinder is fixed on the frame of the mother car and the other end is fixedly connected with the base.

In some preferred embodiments, the position where the rear fork mechanism 8 fits on the frame of the sub-car is variable, and it is fitted on the frame through a rear fork traveling mechanism or a manual fixing unit, and the rear fork traveling mechanism is controlled by The moving slot arranged on the sub-car frame is composed of the traveling motor arranged in the moving slot, and the rear fork mechanism is fixedly connected with the traveling motor; The positioning holes on the side frame and the positioning pins are formed, and the positioning holes arranged on the frame of the sub-car are set at a certain distance, and the fixing and moving of the rear fork mechanism can be realized through the cooperation of the positioning pins and the two positioning holes.

A method for loading and unloading overweight or overlong objects in a container, the method comprising the following steps:

The loading and unloading method includes the loading method and the unloading method. Since the two operations are opposite, the following takes unloading as an example to explain in detail:

S1 connection operation : operate the controller to firmly connect the front connecting part and the rear connecting part of the sub-car with the front connecting unit and the rear connecting unit of the combined spreader of the parent car;

S2 Mobile preparation : Operate the mother car to drop the moving wheel at the front end of the sub-car on the bottom surface of the container, and disconnect the connection between the front-end connector of the sub-car and the front-end connection unit of the sub-car;

S3 Object loading : The mother car drives the sub-car to move forward to make it close to the object to be unloaded. Set the two ends of the object on the forks of the front fork mechanism and the rear fork mechanism respectively, and operate the sub-car lifting control device to make the forks lift the object;

S4 Unloading of objects : The mother car moves backward to the front end of the child car to connect with the mother car and the pulley at the front end of the child car does not leave the bottom of the container. The connecting piece at the front end of the child car and the front connecting unit of the child car are firmly connected together, and the mother car is moved to Target position, operating the control device to unload the object to the target position.

This loading and unloading method can load and unload objects in batches during the loading and unloading process, and break them into parts, so that the loading and unloading of overweight containers can be completed without borrowing large lifting equipment; on the other hand, it can also be used for super long objects. Loading and unloading are done very well and super-long objects can be stacked during loading, which cannot be achieved with traditional loading setups.

Claims (10)

1. A combined assembling and disassembling device is characterized in that,

the combined loading and unloading device consists of a main vehicle for loading and unloading the container integrally and a sub-vehicle for loading and unloading materials in the container;

the primary vehicle comprises a primary vehicle body, a hoisting mechanism, a combined lifting appliance and a primary vehicle control mechanism;

the main vehicle body consists of a frame, struts and moving wheels, wherein each strut is matched with the frame, and the moving wheels are arranged at the foot parts of the struts;

the lifting mechanism is arranged on a frame of a mother vehicle body and comprises two groups of lifting assemblies and two auxiliary rods, wherein each group of lifting assemblies comprises a lifting oil cylinder, a bearing support, a head balance beam, two horizontal pulleys, two vertical pulleys and two load ropes; the auxiliary rod is fixedly arranged on the frame, one end of the bearing support is fixedly arranged on the auxiliary rod, the other end of the bearing support is fixedly connected with one end of a lifting oil cylinder, and the other end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with a head balance beam with two connecting ends; the two horizontal pulleys are horizontally arranged on the other auxiliary rod, and the two vertical pulleys are vertically arranged on a frame of the primary vehicle; one load rope is led out from one connecting end of the head balance beam and passes through the vertical pulley closest to the head balance beam, and the other load rope is led out from the other connecting end of the head balance beam and passes through the two horizontal pulleys in sequence and then passes through the other vertical pulley;

the combined lifting appliance comprises a suspension lifting appliance frame and a telescopic combined lifting appliance, wherein the suspension lifting appliance frame is connected with a load rope of a lifting mechanism, the telescopic combined lifting appliance is fixedly connected with the suspension lifting appliance frame, and the length of the telescopic combined lifting appliance can be adjusted to match containers of different specifications; the hanger frame is also provided with a connecting assembly, and the connecting assembly comprises a front end connecting unit of a sub-vehicle and a rear end connecting unit of the sub-vehicle;

the control mechanism comprises a hydraulic control assembly and an electric control assembly; the hydraulic control assembly is used for providing operation power for all mechanism devices, and the electric control assembly consists of a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a plurality of electric switch elements;

the sub-vehicle comprises a sub-vehicle body, a front fork mechanism, a rear fork mechanism and a sub-vehicle lifting control device;

the sub-vehicle body consists of a frame, struts and moving wheels, wherein each strut is matched with the frame, and the moving wheels are arranged at the foot parts of the struts;

the front part of the frame is provided with a front sub-vehicle connecting piece connected with the front sub-vehicle connecting unit, the rear part of the frame is provided with a rear sub-vehicle connecting piece connected with the rear sub-vehicle connecting unit, and the front sub-vehicle connecting piece and the rear sub-vehicle connecting piece can be removably matched with the front sub-vehicle connecting unit and the rear sub-vehicle connecting unit of the combined lifting appliance;

the front fork mechanism is arranged at the front end of the sub-vehicle body frame and faces the front of the sub-vehicle, and the rear fork mechanism is arranged in the middle of the sub-vehicle body frame and faces the rear of the sub-vehicle; the front fork mechanism and the rear fork mechanism are respectively composed of an edge frame, a hoisting unit, a fork frame and a fork, the edge frame is arranged on a frame of the sub-vehicle body, the hoisting unit is arranged on the edge frame, the fork frame is arranged on the hoisting unit, and the fork is arranged on the fork frame;

the sub-vehicle lifting control device is connected with the lifting unit and controls the lifting unit to move upwards and downwards or lock.

2. The combined loading and unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting unit is a geared lifting device or a chain lifting device, the geared lifting device is composed of a rack, a gear and a driving motor, the gear is connected with the driving motor, the rack and the gear are arranged on the side frame, and the other is fixedly connected with the fork; the chain type hoisting device is composed of a load chain, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a rotating wheel, wherein one end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged on the side frame, the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the rotating wheel, one end of the load chain is fixedly arranged on the side frame, and the other end of the load chain is fixedly connected with the fork frame.

3. The combination handling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mother vehicle further comprises left and right aligning means, the left and right aligning means are divided into two groups and disposed at the front and rear portions of the frame, the left and right aligning means comprises a moving sleeve, an adjusting cylinder and an adjusting cylinder support, the moving sleeve is movably sleeved on a frame rod of the frame, one end of the adjusting cylinder is fixed on the moving sleeve, the other end of the adjusting cylinder is fixed on the frame through the adjusting cylinder support, the vertical pulley is fixed on the moving sleeve, and the two groups of left and right aligning means move synchronously or asynchronously.

4. The combined loading and unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the frame of the parent car body is rectangular in shape, the support posts are 4 and are provided on two opposite sides, the moving wheels are provided with 3 and are arranged in an isosceles triangular configuration, one on each of the two sides of the moving wheels, and wherein the single moving wheel is connected to the two support posts on that side by a connecting member.

5. The combined loading and unloading device according to claim 4, wherein the primary car further comprises a lifting device, the lifting device is composed of a lifting mechanism and a telescopic strut, the telescopic strut is composed of an upper column and a lower column which are telescopically connected, the lifting mechanism is a lifting oil cylinder, one end of the lifting oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the frame of the primary car, and the other end of the lifting oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower column.

6. The combined loading and unloading device according to claim 5, wherein the parent vehicle further comprises a parent vehicle running steering mechanism comprising a dual wheel drive mechanism and a single wheel drive mechanism; the double-wheel driving mechanism consists of a driving device, a wheel supporting structure and a steering synchronization mechanism, wherein the wheel supporting structure is fixedly connected with the foot part of the strut in a manner that the wheel supporting structure can rotate around the central axis of the wheel in a universal wheel manner; the single wheel driving mechanism consists of driving unit and wheel bearing structure, the single wheel side wheel bearing structure is fixed to the connecting part in a fixed mode and incapable of rotating around the central axis of the single wheel side wheel bearing structure, and the single wheel side driving mechanism is connected to the moving wheel.

7. The combined loading and unloading device of claim 1, wherein the front sections of the sub-vehicle and the main vehicle are connected in a sliding manner, the front end connecting unit of the sub-vehicle is a sliding rail arranged on the frame of the main vehicle, and the front section connecting piece of the sub-vehicle is composed of a sliding rail arranged on the frame of the sub-vehicle and a pulley arranged on the sliding rail of the sub-vehicle.

8. The combined loading and unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the position where the rear fork mechanism is fitted to the sub-vehicle frame is variable, and is fitted to the sub-vehicle frame through a rear fork traveling mechanism or a manual fixing unit, the rear fork traveling mechanism is composed of a moving groove provided on the sub-vehicle frame and a traveling motor provided in the moving groove, and the rear fork mechanism is fixedly connected to the traveling motor; the manual fixing unit is composed of a positioning hole arranged on the sub-vehicle frame, a positioning hole arranged on the side frame of the rear fork mechanism and a positioning pin, the positioning holes arranged on the sub-vehicle frame are arranged at intervals, and the rear fork mechanism can be fixed and moved through the matching of the positioning pin and the two positioning holes.

9. The combination loading and unloading device according to claim 1, further comprising a master car radio remote controller and/or a slave car radio remote controller, wherein the master car radio remote controller and the slave car radio remote controller are connected to the master car control device and the slave car lifting control device respectively by wireless signals, radio frequency or bluetooth.

10. A method for loading and unloading an overweight or overlong object in a container by using the combined loading and unloading device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

s1, connection operation: the front section connecting piece and the rear section connecting piece of the sub-vehicle are firmly connected with the front end connecting unit and the rear end connecting unit of the sub-vehicle of the combined hanger of the main vehicle;

s2, moving preparation: the movable wheels at the front end of the sub-vehicle are dropped on the bottom surface of the container, and the connection between the front section connecting piece of the sub-vehicle and the front end connecting unit of the sub-vehicle is disconnected;

s3, loading of objects: the main truck drives the sub-truck to move forwards to enable the sub-truck to be close to an object to be unloaded, the object to be unloaded is placed on a fork of the sub-truck, the object to be unloaded is placed on a fork of the front fork mechanism for the overweight object, two ends of the object to be unloaded are respectively arranged on the forks of the front fork mechanism and the rear fork mechanism for the overlong object, and the sub-truck lifting control device controls the fork to lift the object;

s4, unloading of the object: the primary vehicle moves backwards to the front end of the secondary vehicle and can be connected with the primary vehicle, the pulley at the front end of the secondary vehicle does not leave the bottom surface of the container, the front section connecting piece of the secondary vehicle is firmly connected with the front end connecting unit of the secondary vehicle, and the object is unloaded to a destination position after the primary vehicle is moved to a destination position.

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