CN107176768B - Method and device for treating domestic sewage by using vertical flow - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for treating domestic sewage by using vertical flow. The impeller flow guide device is arranged at the bottom of the anoxic reaction tank, and rotates under the impact of water inflow to drive sewage and filler to be mixed and form rotary and vertical upward flow, the anoxic suspended biological filler attached with a biological film circularly moves with the water flow, no dead angle exists in the anoxic reaction tank, the flow field distribution is ideal, the volume utilization rate of the reaction tank is high, a stirrer is not arranged in the reaction tank, no energy consumption exists, and the service life of the filler is long; through special aqueduct structure, make rivers form the whirl flow of horizontal direction and the ascending (or decline) flow of vertical direction in the good oxygen reaction tank, the good oxygen suspension biofilm carrier that has the biomembrane is with rivers circulation motion, does not have the dead angle in the good oxygen reaction tank, forms comparatively ideal flow field distribution, forms perpendicular mixed flow, can avoid reactor bottom mud to deposit completely, greatly improves reaction efficiency and reactor volume utilization ratio.

Description

Method and device for treating domestic sewage using vertical flow

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a method and a device for treating domestic sewage with vertical flow.

Background technique

At present, there are many small-scale decentralized sewage treatment processes, but there are still many problems in investment, cost, implementation, effluent stability, and operation management in actual operation. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a decentralized sewage treatment integrated equipment with long service life, low investment, high efficiency, stable operation, low treatment cost and easy maintenance. The treated water quality can meet the requirements of discharge, reuse and agricultural irrigation.

With the process of urbanization and the improvement of rural living standards, the average water consumption of residents has gradually increased, and the discharge of domestic sewage has continued to increase. Due to the distance from municipal sewage treatment plants, the investment in pipe networks and the amount of engineering are large, domestic sewage in most areas has not After treatment, it is directly discharged into natural water bodies, leading to the trend of eutrophication in natural water bodies such as rivers and reservoirs. Some waters have blue-green algae outbreaks, and the water quality has seriously deteriorated.

At the same time, due to the development of traffic construction and tourism economy, a large number of service areas, hotels, guesthouses, farmhouses, tourist attractions and other places have appeared on the road network and around the city, all of which are far away from the municipal sewage collection pipe network, and effective collection and treatment have not been realized. The surrounding environment is polluted.

To sum up, it is difficult to collect scattered sewage into the municipal sewage system for large-scale treatment, which has caused serious pollution to the surrounding environment. Distributed sewage treatment has become an important direction to solve non-point source environmental pollution.

At present, there are many small-scale decentralized sewage treatment processes, but there are still many problems in investment, cost, implementation, effluent stability, and operation management in actual operation.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for treating domestic sewage by using vertical flow, which has small volume, long service life, small investment, high efficiency, stable operation, low treatment cost and easy maintenance, and can overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. insufficient.

The present invention is realized in the following way: using the method of vertical flow to treat domestic sewage, the sewage is pumped into the anoxic reaction tank through the water pump, and the water flow pressure generated when the sewage is pumped in is used to drive the wave wheel guide set in the anoxic reaction tank The device rotates the pulsator flow guide device, thereby driving the anoxic reaction particle filler in the anoxic reaction tank to rotate, forming an upward flow, so that the sewage and the anoxic reaction filler are fully mixed; after the sewage is reacted, the sewage is swirled from the top The form enters the aerobic reaction tank A, forming a rotating downward flow, and then the sewage enters the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank B in the form of a swirling flow from the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank A, forming a rotating upwelling in the aerobic reaction tank B, and the sewage Under the action of the flow field, it is fully mixed with the aerobic reaction filler, and drives the aerobic reaction filler to rotate; the bubbles generated in the aerobic reaction tank are cut by the rotating aerobic reaction filler during the rising process, the diameter is reduced, the dissolved oxygen efficiency is improved, and some Bubbles attach to the aerobic reaction packing, which reduces the density of the aerobic reaction packing, making the density of the aerobic reaction packing less than that of water. It rises during the rotation mixing process, and after losing the air bubbles, the density is heavier than that of water, and then falls naturally under the action of gravity, forming An aerobic suspended bed that is reciprocating and well mixed with sewage; the sewage that has completed the aerobic reaction is sequentially processed in sedimentation tanks, filtration tanks and disinfection tanks to complete subsequent treatment.

Vertical flow suspended bed integrated domestic sewage treatment device, including anoxic reaction pool, aerobic reaction pool A, aerobic reaction pool B, anoxic reaction particle filler is set in the anoxic reaction pool, and anoxic reaction pool is installed at the bottom of the anoxic reaction pool There is a pulsator flow guide device; the water inlet pipe enters the anoxic reaction tank from the upper part of the anoxic reaction tank, and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is at the bottom of the anoxic reaction tank, and the direction of the water outlet corresponds to the level of the guide vane of the pulsator flow guide device Setting; a water outlet weir A is provided on the upper part of the anoxic reaction tank, and the outlet hole of the water outlet weir A is connected with the diversion pipe A and the diversion pipe B provided on the upper part of the aerobic reaction tank A, and the diversion pipe A and the diversion pipe B Located on the upper part of the aerobic reaction pool A, the diversion tube A and the diversion tube B are arranged clockwise or counterclockwise along the inner wall of the aerobic reaction pool A, and the water outlet directions of the diversion tube A and the diversion tube B are perpendicular to each other. The aerobic reaction tank A is provided with aerobic reaction particle filler, and a bottom outlet hole is provided at the lower part of the aerobic reaction tank A, and the bottom outlet hole is connected with the diversion tube C and the diversion tube D, and the diversion tube C is connected with the diversion tube The tube D is at the bottom of the aerobic reaction pool B, the diversion tube C and the diversion tube D are arranged clockwise or counterclockwise along the inner wall of the aerobic reaction pool B, and the water outlet directions of the diversion tube C and the diversion tube D are mutually Vertical; there is an outlet weir B on the upper part of the aerobic reaction tank B, and an aeration device is installed at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank A and the aerobic reaction tank B; the upper part of the aerobic reaction tank B passes through the outlet weir B and the sediment The upper part of the pool is connected, the upper part of the sedimentation tank is connected with the upper part of the filter tank through the peripheral weir, and the lower part of the filter tank is connected with the lower part of the disinfection tank through the pipeline.

A conical reflector is provided at the bottom of the central tube of the sedimentation tank. The water is evenly distributed along the center of the pool and then slowly rises while diffusing along the radial direction. The direction of water flow is opposite to the direction of particle precipitation.

There are perforated air pipes at the bottom of the sedimentation tank.

A top cover is provided on the top of the anoxic reaction tank, the aerobic reaction tank A, the aerobic reaction tank B, the sedimentation tank, the filter tank and the disinfection tank, and the inspection port corresponding to each tank body is provided on the top cover.

Compared with the existing technology, the present invention installs a pulsator flow guide device at the bottom of the anoxic reaction tank. Under the impact of the influent water flow, the pulsator flow guide device rotates, drives the sewage to mix with the filler, and forms a rotation and vertical rise. The anoxic suspended biological filler with biofilm attached to it circulates with the water flow, the sewage and the biofilm filler are fully contacted and mixed, there is no dead angle in the anoxic reaction tank, the flow field distribution is ideal, the volume utilization rate of the reaction tank is high, and the reaction tank is not Set up the agitator, no energy consumption, and long life of the packing; through the special structure of the aqueduct, the water flow forms a horizontal rotating flow and a vertical rising (or falling) flow in the aerobic reaction tank, and the aerobic suspension with biofilm attached Biological filler and water flow circulate, there is no dead angle in the aerobic reaction tank, forming an ideal flow field distribution, forming a vertical mixed flow, with good hydraulic state and flow field distribution, which can completely avoid sludge deposition at the bottom of the reactor, greatly improving Reaction efficiency and reactor volume utilization, strengthen the contact and mixing of sewage and microorganisms in the reactor, and greatly improve the efficiency of sewage treatment. The sewage is discharged or reused after being treated in each independent reaction pool in turn. The treatment process and method have no specific requirements for the pool type (or shape) of the reactor, which is conducive to the diversity of equipment manufacturing schemes. Under the action of the rotating vertical flow field, it interacts with several suspended bed biofilm microreactors, and operates under the conditions of high volume ratio, high biophase, and high dissolved oxygen efficiency. Pollutants such as organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in sewage are efficiently degraded and removed. , The reaction system has the advantages of low energy consumption, high efficiency, and resistance to high impact loads. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and good use effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the use flowchart of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of anoxic reaction tank of the present invention;

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are schematic diagrams of swirling flow in the aerobic reaction tank of the present invention.

Implementation

Embodiment of the present invention: the method of using vertical flow to treat domestic sewage, the sewage is pumped into the anoxic reaction tank through the water pump, and the wave wheel guide device set in the anoxic reaction tank is driven by the water flow pressure generated when the sewage is pumped in , so that the wave wheel guide device rotates, thereby driving the anoxic reaction particle filler in the anoxic reaction tank to rotate, forming an upflow, so that the sewage and the anoxic reaction filler are fully mixed; after the sewage is reacted, the sewage is swirled from the top Entering the aerobic reaction tank A, forming a rotating downward flow, and then the sewage enters the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank B in the form of a swirling flow from the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank A, forming a rotating upwelling in the aerobic reaction tank B, and the sewage is in the aerobic reaction tank B. Under the action of the flow field, it is fully mixed with the aerobic reaction filler, and drives the aerobic reaction filler to rotate; the bubbles generated in the aerobic reaction tank are cut by the rotating aerobic reaction filler during the rising process, the diameter is reduced, the dissolved oxygen efficiency is improved, and some bubbles Attached to the aerobic reaction filler, the density of the aerobic reaction filler is reduced, so that the density of the aerobic reaction filler is lower than that of water, and it rises during the rotation mixing process, and after losing air bubbles, the density is heavier than that of water, and then falls naturally under the action of gravity, forming a cycle A reciprocating aerobic suspension bed well mixed with sewage; the sewage that has completed the aerobic reaction is sequentially processed in sedimentation tanks, filtration tanks and disinfection tanks to complete subsequent treatment.

Vertical flow suspended bed integrated domestic sewage treatment device, including anoxic reaction pool 1, aerobic reaction pool A2, aerobic reaction pool B3, anoxic reaction filler 24 is arranged in anoxic reaction pool 1, anoxic reaction tank The bottom of the 1 is provided with a pulsator deflector 8; the water inlet pipe 7 enters the anoxic reaction pool 1 from the top of the anoxic reaction pool 1, and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 7 is at the bottom of the anoxic reaction pool 1, and the water outlet direction The deflector vane plate corresponding to the pulsator deflector 8 is arranged horizontally; the top of the anoxic reaction tank 1 is provided with a water outlet weir A9, and the water outlet hole of the water outlet weir A9 is connected with the diversion pipe A20 and the guide tube A20 set on the upper part of the aerobic reaction tank A2. The flow tube B21 is connected, the flow guide tube A20 and the flow guide tube B21 are located on the upper part of the aerobic reaction pool A, the flow guide tube A20 and the flow guide tube B21 are arranged clockwise or counterclockwise along the inner wall of the aerobic reaction pool A2, and the flow guide The water outlet directions of the pipe A20 and the diversion pipe B21 are perpendicular to each other, and the aerobic reaction filler 25 is arranged in the aerobic reaction tank A2, and the bottom water outlet hole 11 is arranged at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank A2, and the bottom water outlet hole 11 is connected with the diversion The tube C22 and the diversion tube D23 are connected, the diversion tube C22 and the diversion tube D23 are at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank B3, and the diversion tube C22 and the diversion tube D23 are clockwise or counterclockwise along the inner wall of the aerobic reaction tank B3 set, and the water outlet direction of the diversion pipe C22 and the diversion pipe D23 are perpendicular to each other; an outlet weir B12 is provided on the upper part of the aerobic reaction tank B3, and an aeration weir is provided at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank A2 and the aerobic reaction tank B3. Air device 10; the top of the aerobic reaction tank B3 is communicated with the top of the sedimentation tank 4 through the outlet weir B12, the upper part of the sedimentation tank 4 is communicated with the top of the filter tank 5 through the peripheral outlet weir 16, and the bottom of the filter tank 5 is connected with the disinfection tank through a pipeline. The bottom of the pool 6 is connected; the central tube 13 bottom of the sedimentation tank 4 is provided with a conical reflector 14; the bottom of the sedimentation tank 4 is provided with a perforated air pipe 26; A top cover 27 is provided on the top of the reaction tank B3, the sedimentation tank 4, the filter tank 5 and the disinfection tank 6, and an inspection port 28 corresponding to each tank body is provided on the top cover.

The use process of the present invention is as follows:

1) The sewage self-regulating pool is lifted to the anoxic reaction pool 1 through the water inlet pipe 7 under the action of the pump, and the water flow generated from the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 7 impacts the guide vane of the pulsator deflector 8, making the pulsator The diversion device 8 rotates, and drives the sewage to mix and rotate with the attached anoxic reaction filler layer 24 to form a natural upward flow, and form a rotating vertical upward flow field with the rotating flow as shown in Figure 3. Under the action of this mixed flow field The sewage and the filler particles of the anoxic reaction filler layer 24 are fully mixed, and the density of the filler attached to the biofilm is equivalent to that of water, forming a biofilm suspended bed. The organic matter in the sewage is decomposed by the biofilm on the filler particles, and reactions such as denitrification and hydrolysis occur. Finally, it flows out through the outlet weir A9 at the top.

2) The sewage enters the diversion pipe A20 and the diversion pipe B21 through the outlet weir A9, and the sewage enters the upper part of the aerobic reaction pool A2 through the diversion pipe A20 and the diversion pipe B21 to form a swirling flow, and the sewage is formed in the aerobic reaction pool A2 Downward flow: sewage enters the diversion pipe C22 and the diversion pipe D23 from the outlet hole 11 at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank A2, and the sewage flowing out of the diversion pipe C22 and the diversion pipe D23 enters from the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank B3 , forming a swirling flow, and under the joint action of the two flows, a swirling descending (rising) flow field is formed in the entire reactor, and the sewage is fully mixed with the aerobic reaction packing layer 25 under the action of the flow field; There is an aeration device 10, the air bubbles generated by the aeration device 10 are cut by the aerobic reaction packing layer 25 during the rising process, the diameter is reduced, the dissolved oxygen efficiency is improved, and some air bubbles are attached to the aerobic reaction packing 25, which reduces the aerobic reaction The density of packing 25 makes the aerobic reaction. The density of packing 25 is slightly smaller than that of water. It rises during the rotation mixing process. After losing the air bubbles, the density is slightly heavier than water, and it falls naturally under gravity, forming a reciprocating aerobic suspension that is well mixed with sewage bed. The organic matter in the sewage is decomposed by the biofilm on the filler particles, and decarbonization and nitrification reactions occur; as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.

3) After completing the aerobic biochemical treatment, the sewage enters the sedimentation tank 4 through the outlet weir B12. In the sedimentation tank 4, the sewage enters the lower part of the sedimentation tank 4 from the central pipe 13, and is evenly distributed into the sedimentation tank 4 through the conical reflector 14 Most of the suspended matter in the sewage sinks into the mud bucket of the sedimentation tank during the radial diffusion and upward movement of the sewage, and part of the suspended matter is intercepted by the inclined pipe 15 installed in the sedimentation tank 4 and slides down into the mud bucket of the sedimentation tank. The settled water enters the filter tank 5 from the peripheral weir 16 .

4) The sludge in the mud bucket of the sedimentation tank 4 is discharged through the sludge pipe 17 at the bottom of the bucket, part of it enters the sludge tank, and part of it flows back to the anoxic reaction tank 1 for denitrification.

5) The water entering the filter tank 5 is evenly distributed by the water distributor 17, filtered by the filter layer 18 and the filter plate 19, and then enters the disinfection tank (clear water tank) from the bottom pipe of the filter tank for treatment. The filter layer 18 can use filter materials such as quartz sand and activated carbon according to the actual situation; when the filter layer 18 intercepts too much suspended matter, the resistance increases and the filtration capacity decreases, so the filter layer needs to be backwashed. The bottom of the filter layer 18 is equipped with a perforated air pipe 26. During backwashing, the water pump obtains clear water from the disinfection pool 6 (clear water pool), and performs air-water mixed backwashing.

6) The effluent from the filter pool 5 enters the disinfection pool 6 (clear water pool) and is discharged or reused after adding disinfectant.

In this embodiment, each reaction pool can be made of materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, polymer material, and glass fiber reinforced plastic.

The above content is only an example explanation of the present invention, and this is not a limitation of the present invention. All modifications, like replacements and improvements made within the principle and scope of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (4)

1. A method for treating domestic sewage by using vertical flow is characterized in that: pumping sewage into the anoxic reaction tank through a water pump, and driving a pulsator flow guiding device arranged in the anoxic reaction tank by utilizing water flow pressure generated during sewage pumping to rotate the pulsator flow guiding device, so as to drive anoxic reaction particle fillers in the anoxic reaction tank to rotate, thereby forming an ascending flow and fully mixing the sewage with the anoxic reaction fillers; after the sewage is reacted, the sewage enters an aerobic reaction tank A from the top in a rotational flow mode to form a rotational descending flow, then the sewage enters the bottom of an aerobic reaction tank B from the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank A in a rotational flow mode to form a rotational ascending flow in the aerobic reaction tank B, and the sewage is fully mixed with an aerobic reaction filler under the action of a flow field and drives the aerobic reaction filler to rotate; the bubbles generated by the aerobic reaction tank are cut by the rotating aerobic reaction filler in the rising process, the diameter is reduced, the dissolved oxygen efficiency is improved, part of bubbles are attached to the aerobic reaction filler, the density of the aerobic reaction filler is reduced, the density of the aerobic reaction filler is lower than that of water, the bubbles are lost in the rotating mixing process, the density of the bubbles is heavier than that of the water, and the bubbles naturally drop under the action of gravity, so that an aerobic suspension bed which is circularly and reciprocally mixed with sewage well is formed; and sequentially carrying out a sedimentation tank, a filter tank and a disinfection tank on the sewage after the aerobic reaction to finish subsequent treatment.

2. An apparatus for realizing the method for treating domestic sewage according to claim 1, comprising an anoxic reaction tank (1), an aerobic reaction tank A (2) and an aerobic reaction tank B (3), wherein: an anoxic reaction particle filler (24) is arranged in the anoxic reaction tank (1), and a pulsator flow guiding device (8) is arranged at the bottom in the anoxic reaction tank (1); the water inlet pipe (7) enters the anoxic reaction tank (1) from the upper part of the anoxic reaction tank (1), the water outlet of the water inlet pipe (7) is positioned at the bottom in the anoxic reaction tank (1), and the water outlet direction is horizontally arranged corresponding to the flow guide wing plate of the impeller flow guide device (8); an effluent weir A (9) is arranged at the upper part of the anoxic reaction tank (1), the water outlet hole of the effluent weir A (9) is communicated with a flow guide pipe A (20) and a flow guide pipe B (21) which are arranged at the upper part of the aerobic reaction tank A, the flow guide pipe A (20) and the flow guide pipe B (21) are arranged clockwise or anticlockwise along the inner wall of the aerobic reaction tank A (2), the water outlet direction of the flow guide pipe A (20) and the flow guide pipe B (21) are mutually perpendicular, an aerobic reaction particle filler (25) is arranged in the aerobic reaction tank A (2), a bottom water outlet hole (11) is arranged at the lower part of the aerobic reaction tank A (2), the bottom water outlet hole (11) is connected with a flow guide pipe C (22) and a flow guide pipe D (23), the flow guide pipe C (22) and the flow guide pipe D (23) are arranged at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank B (3), the flow guide pipe C (22) and the flow guide pipe D (23) are arranged clockwise or anticlockwise along the inner wall of the aerobic reaction tank B (3), and the water outlet direction of the flow guide pipe C (22) and the flow guide pipe D (23) are mutually perpendicular; an effluent weir B (12) is arranged at the upper part of the aerobic reaction tank B (3), and aeration devices (10) are arranged at the bottoms of the aerobic reaction tank A (2) and the aerobic reaction tank B (3); the upper part of the aerobic reaction tank B (3) is communicated with the upper part of the sedimentation tank (4) through a water outlet weir B (12), the upper part of the sedimentation tank (4) is communicated with the upper part of the filter tank (5) through a peripheral water outlet weir (16), and the lower part of the filter tank (5) is communicated with the lower part of the disinfection tank (6) through a pipeline.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: a perforated air pipe (26) is arranged at the bottom of a filter plate (19) of the filter tank (5).

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the top of the anoxic reaction tank (1), the aerobic reaction tank A (2), the aerobic reaction tank B (3), the sedimentation tank (4), the filter tank (5) and the disinfection tank (6) are provided with a top cover (27), and the top cover is provided with an overhaul port (28) corresponding to each tank body.

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