CN107148465B - 铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物 - Google Patents
铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107148465B CN107148465B CN201580056479.3A CN201580056479A CN107148465B CN 107148465 B CN107148465 B CN 107148465B CN 201580056479 A CN201580056479 A CN 201580056479A CN 107148465 B CN107148465 B CN 107148465B
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- polyester resin
- water
- weight
- alkali metal
- hydrophilic
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920001444 polymaleic acid Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical group C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 23
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
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- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UFDHBDMSHIXOKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)CCCC1 UFDHBDMSHIXOKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPOCFUQMSVZQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2,5-dione;2-methylprop-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)=C.O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 RPOCFUQMSVZQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride Chemical compound C1C=CCC2C(=O)OC(=O)C21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-12-oxododecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMMBJOWWRLZEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CCCC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O HMMBJOWWRLZEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYMDPDNETOLVBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-3-methylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC(N)=CC=C1F NYMDPDNETOLVBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ILUAAIDVFMVTAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohex-4-ene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CC=CCC1C(O)=O ILUAAIDVFMVTAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GZCKIUIIYCBICZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC(C([O-])=O)=C1 GZCKIUIIYCBICZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004170 rice bran wax Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102200082816 rs34868397 Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019385 spermaceti wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
- C10M145/16—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate polycarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/22—Polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/02—Natural products
- C10M159/06—Waxes, e.g. ozocerite, ceresine, petrolatum, slack-wax
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
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Abstract
含有(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)和任选的(E)成分的在温·热区域的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物。(A)亲水性聚酯树脂(B)聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐(C)羧酸的碱金属盐(D)水(E)蜡。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂。更详细地说,涉及以铝塑性加工,即,锻造、挤出、轧制、压制、拉丝、旋压加工这样的旋压成形等的在温或热区域的润滑性和脱模性为目的,代替石墨类润滑剂所使用的非石墨类润滑剂。
背景技术
对于进行金属材料的塑性加工时的润滑剂,通常使用油分散或水分散状的石墨。前者是在矿物油中配合极压添加剂、蜡类而得到的组合物中分散有石墨的润滑剂,但在温或热的温度下使用时有可能产生由油引起的发烟或燃火,在安全性、作业环境和健康上存在大问题。后者是向水中添加极压添加剂并使石墨分散的润滑剂,与油类相比,不用担心产生发烟或燃火,润滑性能也良好,但只要使用石墨,就会将作业者和作业环境污染黑,健康上也存在问题。
在此,为了解决这些作业环境上的问题点,尝试了开发不使用石墨的塑性加工用润滑剂。例如已知含有(a)具有特定粒径分布的纤维素树脂、丙烯酸系树脂等树脂粉末、(b)间苯二甲酸和己二酸的碱金属盐、(c)羧甲基纤维素等水溶性高分子化合物、余量由水构成的热塑性加工用水溶性润滑剂(专利文献1)。
但是,在专利文献1中,没有使用聚酯树脂作为(a)的树脂的实施例,说明书中也仅仅记载了聚酯树脂,但没有记载其是亲水性还是疏水性的。另外,实施例中被加工的金属材料全都是S45C、S35C等铁材料。
另外,作为冷塑性加工用润滑剂,已知有专利文献2~4等。在这些冷塑性加工用润滑剂中,在向高温模具喷涂、后续的铝材料的温·热塑性加工的严酷环境下,存在因润滑剂的耐热性不足,向模具的附着量下降和润滑涂膜的强度不足的课题。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:US5348672
专利文献2:JP2012-177000A
专利文献3:JP5549957B1
专利文献4:JP2006-335838A
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
本发明的目的在于,提供即使在铝材料的温·热塑性加工的严酷环境下,也能显现出与石墨类润滑剂同等以上的润滑性,进而在因铝熔敷在模具上而引发的脱模性不良方面也能得以改善的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物。
本发明人在作为石墨类润滑剂的替代开发非石墨类润滑剂的过程中,为了解决以往的非石墨类润滑剂所具有的各种课题进行了反复研究。其结果,考虑到液稳定性,发现具有能在水中均匀分散的亲水性官能团、且玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为-20℃以上的亲水性聚酯树脂、特别是能提高耐热性和膜硬度的具有刚性的萘结构或双酚结构的亲水性聚酯树脂优选作为润滑和脱模成分。另外,发现了含有作为进一步的润滑成分的羧酸的碱金属盐和根据需要的蜡,而且含有作为耐热性高的粘合剂成分的聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐,将它们溶解或分散在水中而成的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物。作为其性能,发现显现与石墨类润滑剂同等以上的润滑性,进而也能够改善向模具的铝熔敷(铝焊接)。另外发现,与以往的非石墨类润滑剂相比,显现极其优异的润滑性,同时也能够改善对模具的铝熔敷。
解决课题的手段
本发明涉及如下发明。
1、温·热区域的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物,其含有(A)、(B)、(C)和(D)的成分,
(A)亲水性聚酯树脂
(B)聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐
(C)羧酸的碱金属盐
(D)水。
2、上述1所述的组合物,其还含有(E)蜡。
3、上述1~2任一项所述的组合物,其中,上述亲水性聚酯树脂是具有萘结构或双酚结构的亲水性聚酯树脂。
4、上述1~3任一项所述的组合物,其中,上述亲水性聚酯树脂是具有羧基的碱金属盐、铵盐、胺盐,磺酰基的碱金属盐、铵盐、胺盐的至少1种作为亲水性官能团的聚酯树脂。
5、上述1所述的组合物,其中,上述亲水性聚酯树脂的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为-20~200℃。
6、上述5所述的组合物,其中,上述亲水性聚酯树脂的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为40~110℃。
7、上述1所述的组合物,其含有(A)0.01~10重量%、(B)0.01~10重量%、(C)0.01~20重量%、(D)余量。
8、上述2所述的组合物,其含有(A)0.01~10重量%、(B)0.01~10重量%、(C)0.01~20重量%、(E)0.01~10重量%、(D)余量。
9、上述1~8任一项所述的铝轮毂的旋压加工用润滑剂组合物。
发明效果
本发明的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂即使在铝材料的温·热塑性加工的严酷环境下,也显现出与石墨类润滑剂同等以上的润滑性,进而能够改善由铝熔敷到模具上而引起的脱模性不良。因此,本发明在产业上的利用价值极大。
具体实施方式
以下详细说明本发明的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂的各成分。
(A)亲水性聚酯树脂
用于本发明的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物的聚酯树脂(A),考虑到为了抑制树脂的沉降和堆积的液稳定性,优选向聚酯主链引入能均匀分散在水中的亲水性官能团的聚酯树脂。作为亲水性官能团,可举出羧基的碱金属盐、铵盐、胺盐,磺酰基的碱金属盐、铵盐、胺盐等。这些官能团既可以单独使用1种,也可以组合使用2种以上。
另外,含有本发明的亲水性聚酯树脂(A)的目的是为了在铝材料的温·热塑性加工的严酷环境下兼顾润滑性和脱模性。作为为此所选择的亲水性聚酯树脂,重要的是,通过组成中的亲水性基团均匀地分散在水中,在高温模具上干燥时,能够通过热分解而不降低附着量地形成强固(强韧)的硬的膜。作为具有该性质的亲水性聚酯树脂,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为-20℃以上、优选0℃以上、特别优选20℃以上、进一步优选40℃以上。另外,Tg为200℃以下、优选180℃以下、特别优选150℃以下、进一步优选110℃以下。优选为-20~200℃,进一步优选为20~180℃、40~150℃、40~110℃。
其中,进一步优选具有刚性的萘结构或双酚结构的亲水性聚酯树脂。具有这种结构的亲水性聚酯树脂的耐热性优异,能够形成强固而硬的润滑膜,因此,在温和热区域能够追随模具和铝材料之间而抑制金属接触,能够兼顾润滑性和脱模性。特别是具有双酚结构的亲水性聚酯树脂配合系统是特别优选的,因为即使在低浓度下也能够稳定地得到摩擦系数小于0.14的高的润滑性。
作为亲水性聚酯树脂(A),没有特殊限定,通常为具有0.1万~100万左右、优选0.1~10万的重均分子量的亲水性聚酯树脂。
(B)聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐
本发明中使用的聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐(B)溶解于水后增稠,有助于分散亲水性聚酯树脂,同时,当喷涂在高温模具上时,提高作为润滑成分的亲水性聚酯树脂、羧酸的碱金属盐和蜡的附着效率,即使在温·热塑性加工的严酷环境下也作为用于形成具有耐热性的、均质的、强固且硬的膜的粘合剂成分而起作用。
作为聚马来酸系树脂的具体例,例如可举出异丁烯-马来酸酐共聚物、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物、甲基乙烯基醚-马来酸酐共聚物、α-甲基苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物等。作为碱金属,例如可举出钠、钾。具体地说,通过氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾,形成盐,使之水溶化。进而,这些聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐(B)既可以单独使用,也可以组合2种以上使用。
特别是作为一般的粘合剂成分,时常使用羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素,但在300℃的环境下羟基纤维素的残存率为约50%,异丁烯马来酸酐的钠盐的残存率为约94%,前者与聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐相比,耐热性显著变弱,与后者相区别。
(C)羧酸的碱金属盐
本发明中使用的羧酸的碱金属盐(C)在铝材料的温·热塑性加工的严酷环境下用于进一步提高润滑性,尤其是润滑涂膜的追随性。作为喷涂后的润滑涂膜,认为以亲水性聚酯树脂和羧酸的碱金属盐的结晶叠加在作为粘合剂成分的聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐中而成的集合体的形式存在于模具的表面。这形成了具有耐热性的、均质的、强固的、硬的膜。认为通过在形成于该模具表面的润滑膜上按压铝材料而施加足以引起塑性变形的面压时,各个组织之间在界面间横向偏移,由此提高追随性,抑制润滑膜破裂。这是与石墨晶体的裂开相似的现象,得到优异的润滑性和脱模性。
作为羧酸的具体例,例如可举出草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、己二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、十二烷二酸、1,2-环己烷二羧酸,六氢邻苯二甲酸酐等饱和羧酸、富马酸、马来酸、衣康酸、1,2,3,6-四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、4-环己烯-1,2-二羧酸、1-环己烯-1,2-二羧酸、环己烯-1,2-二羧酸酐等不饱和羧酸,苯甲酸、水杨酸、邻苯二甲酸酐、邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、偏苯三酸、萘二羧酸等芳族羧酸等。作为碱金属,例如可举出钠、钾。具体地,通过氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾,形成盐,使之水溶化。进而,这些成分(C)既可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。
(D)水
作为水(D),优选离子交換水或纯水等精制水。
(E)蜡
用于本发明的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物的蜡(E)通过塑性加工时的加工温度达到其熔点以上而熔融,用于减少模具与铝材料之间的摩擦。作为喷涂后的润滑膜,认为以亲水性聚酯树脂、羧酸的碱金属盐的结晶和蜡叠加在作为粘合剂成分的聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐中而成的集合体的形式存在于金属表面。进而,认为通过促进组织之间在界面横向偏移来提高追随性,抑制润滑膜破裂。因此,优选使用选自熔点为0~200℃、优选40~160℃左右的天然蜡和合成蜡中的1种或2种以上的蜡的组合。
作为蜡(E)的具体例,例如可举出作为天然蜡的牛脂、猪脂等氢化固化蜡、羊毛脂、蜂蜡、鲸蜡、石蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、褐煤蜡、微晶蜡、米糠蜡,小烛树蜡等、另外,作为合成蜡,可举出聚乙烯蜡、聚丙烯蜡等。蜡(E)不是本发明组合物的必须成分,但从上述减少摩擦的观点考虑,通过组合以分散或乳化的状态分散在水中的蜡中的1种或2种以上,优选含有在本发明的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物中。
本发明的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物的制造方法没有特殊限定,将(A)~(D)这4种成分、或(A)~(E)这5种成分例如按如下顺序配合、混合即可。优选例如向水中加入碱金属盐形成溶液后,一边在40~100℃下加热搅拌一边加入聚马来酸系树脂(B),以通过中和反应使树脂溶解。聚马来酸系树脂溶解后,进一步加入碱金属盐,形成溶液,一边在40~100℃下加热搅拌一边加入羧酸,以通过中和反应使之溶解。将该水溶液冷却至常温后,加入亲水性聚酯树脂(A),搅拌,形成溶液。接着,可任选地加入蜡(E)。作为碱金属盐,例如可举出氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾。
使用本发明中(A)~(D)这4种成分时,优选(A)0.01~10重量%、(B)0.01~10重量%、(C)0.01~20重量%、(D)余量。进而,更优选(A)0.01~5重量%、(B)0.01~5重量%、(C)0.01~15重量%、(D)余量。特别优选(A)0.1~2重量%、(B)0.1~2重量%、(C)0.1~10重量%、(D)余量。
进而,使用(E)成分时,优选(A)0.01~10重量%、(B)0.01~10重量%、(C)0.01~20重量%、(E)0.01~10重量%、(D)余量。进而,更优选(A)0.01~5重量%、(B)0.01~5重量%、(C)0.01~15重量%、(E)0.01~5重量%、(D)余量。特别优选(A)0.1~2重量%、(B)0.1~2重量%、(C)0.1~10重量%、(E)0.1~2重量%、(D)余量。
本发明的铝材料例如用于汽车·双轮用部件、电机用部件、飞机用部件。
本发明中,温·热塑性加工(温和热塑性加工)的铝材料的温区域(温的温度范围)是指200~350℃,热区域(热的温度范围)是指350~450℃。
本发明中,例如,在进行汽车用铝轮毂的旋压加工时,向热的心轴(模具)喷涂本发明的润滑剂,随后在心轴上设置热的铝轮毂,也对铝轮毂的轮缘部进行喷涂,然后,对铝轮毂的轮缘部实施旋压加工,能够得到目标的成形性(尺寸精度)和脱模性。
实施例
以下,基于实施例、比较例,具体地说明本发明,但本发明并不限定于此。
实施例1~11和比较例1~6
向水中加入NaOH形成溶液后,一边在80℃下加热搅拌,一边加入聚马来酸系树脂,以通过中和反应使之溶解。聚马来酸系树脂溶解后,再加入NaOH形成溶液,一边在80℃下加热搅拌一边加入羧酸,以通过中和反应使之溶解。将该水溶液冷却至常温后,加入亲水性聚酯树脂,搅拌而制成溶液。接着,任选地加入蜡而混合。这样,制备具有表中所述的配合量的实施例和比较例的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物。
表1~5中,各表中的配合量的数值表示固体成分的重量%。
作为比较例1,调制含有石墨类润滑剂的组成,用于比较。
作为比较例2,调制含有专利文献2中使用的聚酯树脂的组成,用于比较。
作为比较例3,含有专利文献2中使用的聚酯树脂,而且还含有无机酸的碱金属盐和蜡。进而,调制与专利文献2的成分量相同的组成,用于比较。
作为比较例4,调制不含实施例9的聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐的组成,用于比较。
作为比较例5,调制不含实施例9的羧酸的碱金属盐的组成,用于比较。
在比较例6中,调制用羟乙基纤维素代替实施例9的聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐的组成,用于比较。
表中,(A)的亲水性聚酯树脂使用以下所示的物质。
(A-1)聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)系聚酯水系分散液
分子量:3000
亲水性基团:-COONH4
Tg:52℃
(A-2)PET系聚酯水系分散液
分子量:20000
亲水性基团:-SO3Na
Tg:77℃
(A-3)PET系聚酯水系分散液
分子量:15000
亲水性基团:-SO3Na
Tg:20℃
(A-4)PET系聚酯水系分散液
分子量:15000
亲水性基团:-SO3Na
Tg:-20℃
(A-5)聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)系聚酯水系分散液
分子量:26000
亲水性基团:-SO3Na
Tg:40℃
(A-6)PEN系聚酯水系分散液
分子量:26000
亲水性基团:-SO3Na
Tg:110℃
(A-7)PEN系聚酯水系分散液
分子量:28000
亲水性基团:-SO3Na比(A-6)少
Tg:110℃
(A-8)双酚A系聚酯水系分散液
(羧酸/双酚A系)
分子量:4000
亲水性基团:-COOH/胺
Tg:60℃
(A-9)双酚A系聚酯水系分散液
分子量:5000
羧酸部分与(A-8)不同。
亲水性基团:-COOH/胺
Tg:72℃
(A-10)双酚A系聚酯水系分散液
分子量:4500
羧酸部分与(A-8)和(A-9)不同。
亲水性基团:-COOH/胺
Tg:65℃
(A-11)聚酯多元醇
分子量:不明
亲水性基团:无
Tg:-36℃
表中,(B)的聚马来酸系树脂的钠盐使用以下所示的物质。
(B-1)异丁烯马来酸酐的钠盐
表中,(C)的羧酸的碱金属盐使用以下所示的物质。
(C-1)己二酸二钠
(C-2)间苯二甲酸二钠
表中,(E)的蜡使用以下所示的物质。
(E-1)石蜡
表中,(F)的纤维素系聚合物使用以下所示的物质。
(F-1)羟乙基纤维素
表中,(G)的无机酸的碱金属盐使用以下所示的物质。
(G-1)焦磷酸钠
表中,(H)的市售品石墨类润滑剂使用以下所示的物质。
(H-1)石墨类润滑剂
喷膜硬度
在喷压0.3MPa、喷涂距离300mm、4cc/10秒的条件下,向加热至300℃的铁制模具喷涂实施例和比较例的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物。喷涂后,将模具温度恢复到常温,通过判断用布擦拭附着在模具上的膜时的膜的剥离程度,来判定膜硬度。将擦拭10次时容易看到模具底部的情况评价为“×软”,将即使擦拭了10次膜也不容易剥离的情况评价为“○硬”。
润滑性试验
通过环压缩试验测定摩擦系数。预先在上述喷涂条件下,向铁制模具喷涂实施例和比较例的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物。将该模具设置在100t压力下。接着,将铝环(材质:A5052,形状:φ54×φ27×18mm)在电炉中在350℃下加热,放置在上下模具间压制。通过压缩率和内径变形计算出摩擦系数。
向模具的铝熔敷有无
环压缩试验后,通过外观评价模具表面的铝熔敷程度。将观察到铝熔敷(铝焊接)的情况评价为“×有”,将未观察到铝熔敷(铝焊接)的情况评价为“○无”。
[表1]
[表2]
[表3]
[表4]
专利文献2中使用的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)低到-36℃的比较例2~3的亲水性聚酯树脂配合系统在喷膜硬度、摩擦系数、模具上的铝熔敷情况的所有方面,均得到比比较例1的石墨类润滑剂差的结果。
实施例1~11的亲水性聚酯树脂配合系统得到与比较例1的石墨类润滑剂同等以上的润滑性。其中,实施例5~11的具有萘结构或双酚结构的亲水性聚酯树脂配合系统与实施例1~4的对苯二甲酸系聚酯树脂相比,即使在低浓度下也能得到摩擦系数小于0.14的高的润滑性的结果。特别是实施例9~11的具有双酚结构的亲水性聚酯树脂配合系统能够在低浓度下稳定地得到摩擦系数小于0.14的高的润滑性,因而特别优选。
实施例1~11的环压缩试验后,获得不存在铝环粘附在模具上以及铝熔敷的、良好的脱模性。认为这是因为喷膜硬,耐热性优异的缘故,因此能追随模具和铝材料间,由此抑制金属接触。
比较例4的不含聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐的情况、比较例5的不含羧酸的碱金属盐的情况、比较例6的用纤维素系聚合物代替聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐的情况,在喷膜硬度、摩擦系数、模具上的铝熔敷情况的所有方面,均得到比比较例1的石墨类润滑剂差的结果。由此得出结论,(A)亲水性聚酯树脂、(B)聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐、(C)羧酸的碱金属盐、(D)水为必须成分。
对实施例2和实施例9的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂,使用旋压加工机,在实机上进行性能评价。向热的心轴(模具)喷涂一定量的润滑剂。然后,在心轴上设置热的汽车用铝轮毂,也对铝轮毂的轮缘部分喷涂润滑剂。然后,对铝轮毂的轮缘部分实施旋压加工。对14~20英寸的铝轮毂累计3200根进行加工的结果,得到成形性(尺寸精度)、脱模性均良好的结果。
产业实用性
本发明的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物即使在温·热塑性加工的严酷环境下,也具有与以往的石墨类润滑剂同等以上的润滑性和脱模性,可适宜用作铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂。
Claims (8)
1.温·热区域的铝材料的水溶性塑性加工用润滑剂组合物,其含有(A)0.01~10重量%、(B)0.01~10重量%、(C)0.01~20重量%、(D)余量,
(A)亲水性聚酯树脂,其是玻璃化转变温度Tg为-20~200℃的具有萘结构或双酚结构的亲水性聚酯树脂,
(B)聚马来酸系树脂的碱金属盐
(C)羧酸的碱金属盐
(D)水。
2.权利要求1所述的组合物,其还含有(E)蜡。
3.权利要求1~2任一项所述的组合物,其中,亲水性聚酯树脂是具有双酚结构的亲水性聚酯树脂。
4.权利要求1~2任一项所述的组合物,其中,亲水性聚酯树脂是具有羧基的碱金属盐、铵盐、胺盐,磺酰基的碱金属盐、铵盐、胺盐的至少1种作为亲水性官能团的聚酯树脂。
5.权利要求1~2任一项所述的组合物,其中,亲水性聚酯树脂的Tg为40~110℃。
6.权利要求1~2任一项所述的组合物,其中,亲水性聚酯树脂是Tg为40~110℃的具有双酚结构的亲水性聚酯树脂。
7.权利要求2所述的组合物,其含有(A)0.01~10重量%、(B)0.01~10重量%、(C)0.01~20重量%、(E)0.01~10重量%、(D)余量。
8.铝轮毂的旋压加工用润滑剂组合物,其使用权利要求1~7任一项所述的组合物。
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