CN107142764A - A kind of method and its device for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw - Google Patents
A kind of method and its device for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw Download PDFInfo
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- CN107142764A CN107142764A CN201710427688.5A CN201710427688A CN107142764A CN 107142764 A CN107142764 A CN 107142764A CN 201710427688 A CN201710427688 A CN 201710427688A CN 107142764 A CN107142764 A CN 107142764A
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- guillotine cutting
- crop straw
- agricultural crop
- moving knife
- cutting device
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
- D21B1/36—Explosive disintegration by sudden pressure reduction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/08—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood fibres, e.g. produced by tearing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
- D21C1/02—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with water or steam
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for pre-processing agricultural crop straw, comprise the following steps：A, guillotine cutting carried out to pending agricultural crop straw by agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device；B, to after guillotine cutting in step A agricultural crop straw carry out infiltration processing；C, the agricultural crop straw after infiltration processing in step B is put into steam-explosion jar progress steam explosion processing, and it is washed；D, the steam puffed stalk after being washed in step C is put into hurricane drier by room temperature natural air drying, the steam puffed stalk after air-drying is put into pulverizer and crushed, and is deposited after 30~40 mesh sieves of mistake into holding vessel.The invention further relates to a kind of device of the pretreatment agricultural crop straw for the method for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw.The present invention is easy to crops stalk crushing, can be prevented effectively from crop straw burning and huddle the phenomenon left about, it is to avoid pollution of the crop straw burning to air, while the renewable resource of effective development in the world.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of environment protection treatment field, more particularly to a kind of method for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw and its
Device.
Background technology
PM2.5 refers to particulate matter of the diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microns in air, and too small particle diameter can the long period
It is suspended in air, and residence time length, the fed distances of Yin Qinei rich in substantial amounts of poisonous and harmful substances and in an atmosphere
Far, even if PM2.5 is the seldom component of content in earth atmosphere composition, but it has important to air quality and visibility etc.
Influence, the influence to health and atmosphere quality is bigger；PM2.5 source includes：Fossil fuel（Coal, oil, gas etc.）
Flying dust, motor-vehicle tail-gas dirt, industrial dust and biomass combustion flying dust, dust on the roads etc., and the burning of agricultural crop straw, directly
Discharge primary particulate, ' Organic aerosol ' contained in the flue gas that crop straw burning is distributed can also form PM2.5, using rice husk as
Example：Because rice husk heap density is small, transport, storage inconvenience；Shell is hard, it is difficult to digested by soil；It is of low nutritive value, is not suitable for
Make feed；It is accordingly regarded as discarded object, it is most of directly to be burned, pollute environment, or even can trigger fire, and non-crop straw burning
Huddle and leave about, be discarded in the edge of a field, roadside, irrigation canals and ditches, blocking drainage causes water pollution；By taking China as an example, in 2015 to producing per year
It is more than 900,000,000 tons that stalk, which carries out statistics, and the stalk having every year nearly more than 300,000,000 ton is wasted, and agricultural is turned into Largest In China face source dirty
Dye industry；
Agricultural crop straw is made up of cellulose, lignin and the big component of hemicellulose three, wherein, lignin is complicated, amorphous
Property, three-dimensional netted compound, it is considered to be the industrial aromatic compound that can be uniquely obtained from renewable resource；In stalk
The main component of rice husk is hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, SiO2 etc., thus is a kind of huge renewable resource again,
It is to solve the energy, the important way of environmental problem that stalk refining, which is converted into biologically based fuels, bio-based materials, feed and fertilizer etc.,
Footpath, as the consumption of the development fossil fuel of World Economics is growing day by day, and the high influence various countries warp of price of fossil fuel
The development of Ji, world energy consumption is also by sustainable growth within coming few decades, and regenerative resource will progressively occupy larger ratio
Example, therefore pollution not just to air is burned to stalk, it is even more the waste to renewable resource abundant in the world；
Existing guillotine cutting device is generally double material feeding roller axle construction, in the operation being compacted to stalk, it is possible that " leakage
Pressure " phenomenon, makes the stalk without compacting be directly entered guillotine cutting device, causes the operating efficiency of guillotine cutting device and prolonging for activity duration
It is long, easily occur that edge wear is irregular in existing guillotine cutting assembly, cut quality is not high, and tiltedly rubbing with the hands easily occurs in careless section, causes machine work
Make unstable, influence the whole efficiency of operation.
The content of the invention
It is easy to crops stalk crushing it is an object of the invention to provide one kind, improves its water imbibition, burning can be prevented effectively from
Stalk huddles the phenomenon left about, it is to avoid pollution of the crop straw burning to air, while the renewable resource of effective development in the world
Be used for pre-process the method and its device of agricultural crop straw.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of method for pre-processing agricultural crop straw, comprises the following steps：
A, guillotine cutting carried out to pending agricultural crop straw by agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, by its guillotine cutting into length be 10~
19 cm segment is standby；
B, to after guillotine cutting in step A agricultural crop straw carry out infiltration processing, i.e., by guillotine cutting length for 10~19 cm segment
Agricultural crop straw is put into tank, with 1:1 ratio adds water in tank, infiltrates more than 24 hours；
C, by step B infiltration processing after agricultural crop straw be put into steam-explosion jar, saturation vapours is passed through into steam-explosion jar, point
Do not boost to 0.6 MPa, 1.0 MPa and 1.5 MPa, the dwell time be after 3 minutes, 3 minutes can pressure release obtain steam explosion straw
Stalk；60 DEG C of water is added into steam puffed stalk with 1: 10 solid-to-liquid ratio, steam puffed stalk surface DDGS is removed；
D, the steam puffed stalk after being washed in step C is put into hurricane drier and passes through room temperature natural air drying；By the steam puffed stalk after air-drying
It is put into pulverizer to be crushed, is deposited after crossing 30~40 mesh sieves into holding vessel.
Further, the steam puffed stalk and wheat bran in the holding vessel are with 1:1 ratio carries out mixing and produces mushroom
Culture medium.
A kind of device of the pretreatment agricultural crop straw for the method for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw, including agricultural crop straw
Guillotine cutting device, tank, steam-explosion jar, hurricane drier, pulverizer and holding vessel；
The agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, for carrying out guillotine cutting to pending agricultural crop straw；The agricultural crop straw hand hay cutter
Cutting apparatus includes frame, the transmission system for agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device operation, feeding chamber and guillotine cutting device；The feeding
Room is located at the left side of frame, and feeding chamber includes feed hopper, squeeze board and one group of material feeding roller, and the feed hopper is " U "-shaped, charging
The upper plane lateral inclination of bucket is laid with more than two squeeze boards, the rear end face of the squeeze board and the upper plane of feed hopper it
Between within angle be less than 90 °, material feeding roller is located at the bottom of feed hopper, and the shaft end of material feeding roller is respectively positioned on the outer end of feeding chamber,
The shaft end of material feeding roller is laid with gear, the import of the entrance correspondence guillotine cutting device of feeding chamber respectively；The guillotine cutting device is located at
The middle part of frame, guillotine cutting device includes guillotine cutting device assembly, one group of stationary knife and blanking slide plate, and the stationary knife is fixed on feeding chamber outlet
Middle and lower part；The guillotine cutting device assembly includes laterally being laid with guillotine cutting device roller, guillotine cutting axle and moving knife, the guillotine cutting device roller
Circumferentially tilted on guillotine cutting axle, the guillotine cutting axle it is detachable is distributed with moving knife, the basil of the moving knife is more than 35 °, and moving knife is cut
Anterior angle is cut less than 90 °, the two axial ends of guillotine cutting axle are located at the outside of guillotine cutting device roller, and a wherein shaft end for guillotine cutting axle is laid with belt
The other end is laid with output gear on wheel, guillotine cutting axle, and the side of the guillotine cutting device roller offers outlet, and the exit is laid
There are blanking slide plate, the blanking slide plate correspondence tank；The transmission system includes being fixed to the motor of frame lower, and is located at
Drive pulley on drive pulley on motor shaft, the motor shaft connects on guillotine cutting axle the wherein skin of one end by belt
The output gear of the other end connects the gear on material feeding roller by chain on belt wheel, the guillotine cutting axle；
Tank, for carrying out infiltration processing to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting；
Steam-explosion jar, for handling infiltration after agricultural crop straw carry out steam explosion, obtain steam puffed stalk；
Hurricane drier, for carrying out air-drying processing to steam puffed stalk；
Pulverizer, for being crushed to air-drying the agricultural crop straw after processing；
Holding vessel, is deposited to the stalk after crushing.
Further, material feeding roller described in every group is four, and one of them is active material feeding roller, and remaining three are passive
Material feeding roller, four material feeding roller parallelogram distributions, three corresponding material feeding rollers are in equilateral triangle point up and down
Cloth；The same side shaft end on the active material feeding roller is laid with outboard gears and inboard gear respectively, and the outboard gears connect
The output gear on guillotine cutting axle is connect, the inboard gear connects the gear on the passive material feeding roller of the same side, and the same side is remaining
Gear be mutually connected two-by-two by chain, the gear of opposite axial end passes through on active material feeding roller and passive material feeding roller
Chain is mutually connected two-by-two.
Further, stationary knife described in every group is three, and the edge line cut surely is located under the axis of rotation of moving knife.
Further, the detachable moving knife for being distributed as circumferentially being welded with more than four on the axial wall of guillotine cutting axle is fixed
It is reserved with plate, the moving knife fixed plate on screwed hole, moving knife and is reserved with fixed elongated hole, moving knife and moving knife fixed plate is affixed
Close, the upper plane of moving knife is higher than the upper plane of moving knife fixed plate, elongated hole and screwed hole are fixed by moving knife by screw bolt passes
It is fixed in moving knife fixed plate.
Further, the bottom of the hurricane drier is laid with drain valve.
The present invention is a kind of method and its device for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw, and its advantage is：
The present invention handles stalk using steam explosion, and stalk each component relative amount can be made to occur significant changes；Half in steam puffed stalk
Content of cellulose is reduced, and content of cellulose is dramatically increased, and the connection of the acetyl group of hemicellulose is held very much in steam explosion processing procedure
Easy fracture, at a lower temperature can dissociate completely, acetic acid is hydrolyzed to form with the degraded of hemicellulose, and acetyl group,
Weakly acidic condition can further strengthen steam explosion effect, and then make it that cellulose crystallite area hydrogen bond is destroyed, lignin structure hair
Changing, compared to former stalk, sour molten content of lignin slightly has reduction in steam puffed stalk, because a small amount of sour molten lignin is molten
Solution is in high temperature vapour phase water；The insoluble content of lignin of acid is then increased slightly after steam explosion, and main cause is hemi-cellulose components
Degraded so that whole carbohydrate content reductions, the relative amount of lignin increased；Steam explosion processing can improve stalk
Lignin extraction rate, preprocess method is carried out by steam explosion to stalk, will play important during the utilization of biomass high-qualityization
Effect；
The present invention first passes through agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device to pending agricultural crop straw before stalk is handled by steam explosion
Guillotine cutting is carried out, stalk is put into after feed hopper, contacted with the material feeding roller of rotation, is smoothly brought into guillotine cutting device, without people
Work forces to insert, and both ensure that feeding is continuous reliable, job security is improved again, stalk is carried out using one group of material feeding roller
Compacting, four material feeding roller parallelogram distributions, three corresponding material feeding rollers, can in equilateral triangle distribution up and down
Stalk is set to obtain fully being compacted, even if occurring " leakage pressure " phenomenon, remaining material feeding roller between wherein two material feeding rollers
Stalk can be compacted, it is to avoid when stalk is directly entered operating efficiency and the operation of guillotine cutting device internal influence guillotine cutting device
Between；The stalk transition that the setting of blanking slide plate can cross guillotine cutting is transported in tank, it is to avoid is touched in tank and is spilt spray；Moving knife is adopted
With being detachably connected, fixed elongated hole is reserved with moving knife, the gap blade of moving knife and stationary knife is easy to adjustment, before the cutting of moving knife
Angle is less than 90 ° so that Cutting Drag is reduced, and improves cutting efficiency；
The present invention can be prevented effectively from crop straw burning and huddle the phenomenon left about, it is to avoid pollution of the crop straw burning to air, reduce PM2.5
Generation, while the renewable resource of effective development in the world.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation for being used to pre-process the device of agricultural crop straw of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation for being used to pre-process the feeding chamber of the device of agricultural crop straw of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation for being used to pre-process the transmission system of the device of agricultural crop straw of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of a kind of guillotine cutting axle for being used to pre-process the device of agricultural crop straw of the present invention and moving knife connection
Figure.
Fig. 5, which is that the present invention is a kind of, to be used to pre-process the structural representation that the stationary knife position of the device of agricultural crop straw is installed.
In accompanying drawing marked as：1 is frame, and 2 be motor, and 3 be feed hopper, and 4 be guillotine cutting device roller, and 5 be blanking slide plate, and 6 are
Squeeze board, 7 be tank, and 8 be steam-explosion jar, and 9 be hurricane drier, and 10 be drain valve, and 11 be pulverizer, and 12 be holding vessel, and 13 is actively
Material feeding roller, 14 be guillotine cutting axle, and 15 be passive material feeding roller, and 16 be moving knife, and 17 be moving knife fixed plate, and 18 be stationary knife.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description：
Embodiment one：
As shown in figure 1, a kind of method for pre-processing agricultural crop straw, comprises the following steps：
A, guillotine cutting carried out to pending agricultural crop straw by agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, by its guillotine cutting into length be 10~
19 cm segment is standby；
B, to after guillotine cutting in step A agricultural crop straw carry out infiltration processing, i.e., by guillotine cutting length for 10~19 cm segment
Agricultural crop straw is put into tank 7, with 1:1 ratio adds water in tank 7, infiltrates 24 hours；
C, by step B infiltration processing after agricultural crop straw be put into steam-explosion jar 8, saturation vapours is passed through into steam-explosion jar 8,
Boost to 0.6 MPa, 1.0 MPa and 1.5 MPa respectively, the dwell time be after 3 minutes, 3 minutes can pressure release obtain steam explosion
Stalk；60 DEG C of water is added into steam puffed stalk with 1: 10 solid-to-liquid ratio, steam puffed stalk surface DDGS is removed；
D, the steam puffed stalk after being washed in step C is put into hurricane drier 9 and passes through room temperature natural air drying；By the steam puffed stalk after air-drying
It is put into pulverizer 11 to be crushed, is deposited after crossing 30~40 mesh sieves into holding vessel 12；
Agricultural crop straw is easy to be digested by soil after crushed, after can crushing in holding vessel 12 agricultural crop straw return farmland with
Beneficial to soil silicon cycling.
Embodiment two：
As shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 5, a kind of device for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw, including agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, tank
7th, steam-explosion jar 8, hurricane drier 9, pulverizer 11 and holding vessel 12；
The agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, for carrying out guillotine cutting to pending agricultural crop straw；The agricultural crop straw hand hay cutter
Cutting apparatus includes frame 1, the transmission system for agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device operation, feeding chamber and guillotine cutting device；It is described to feed
Expect that room is located at the left side of frame 1, feeding chamber includes feed hopper 3, squeeze board 6 and one group of material feeding roller, and the feed hopper 3 is in " U "
Shape, the upper plane lateral inclination of feed hopper 3 is laid with more than two squeeze boards 6, the rear end face and feed hopper of the squeeze board 6
Within angle between 3 upper plane is less than 90 °, and material feeding roller is located at the bottom of feed hopper 3, and material feeding roller described in every group is four
Individual, one of them is active material feeding roller 13, and remaining three are passive material feeding roller 15, four material feeding roller parallelograms
Distribution, three corresponding material feeding rollers are in equilateral triangle distribution up and down；The shaft end of material feeding roller is respectively positioned on the outer of feeding chamber
End, the shaft end of material feeding roller is laid with gear, the import of the entrance correspondence guillotine cutting device of feeding chamber respectively；The guillotine cutting device position
In the middle part of frame 1, guillotine cutting device includes guillotine cutting device assembly, one group of stationary knife 18 and blanking slide plate 5, and stationary knife 18 described in every group is three
Individual, the stationary knife 18 is fixed on the middle and lower part of feeding chamber outlet；The guillotine cutting device assembly includes guillotine cutting device roller 4, guillotine cutting axle 14
With moving knife 16, the edge line that 18 are cut surely is located under the axis of rotation of moving knife 16, and guillotine cutting axle is laterally laid with guillotine cutting device roller 4
14, circumferentially tilt on the guillotine cutting axle 14 it is detachable moving knife 16 is distributed with, the basil of the moving knife 16 is more than 35 °, moving knife 16
Cutting anterior angle be less than 90 °, the detachable moving knife for being distributed as circumferentially being welded with more than four on the axial wall of guillotine cutting axle 14
It is reserved with fixed plate 17, the moving knife fixed plate 17 on screwed hole, moving knife 16 and is reserved with fixed elongated hole, by moving knife 16 and moving knife
Fixed plate 17 fits, and the upper plane of moving knife 16 is higher than the upper plane of moving knife fixed plate 17, is fixed and grown by screw bolt passes
Moving knife 16 is fixed in moving knife fixed plate 17 by hole and screwed hole, and the two axial ends of guillotine cutting axle 14 are located at the outside of guillotine cutting device roller 4,
A wherein shaft end for guillotine cutting axle 14 is laid with the other end on belt pulley, guillotine cutting axle 14 and is laid with output gear, the guillotine cutting device rolling
The side of cylinder 14 offers outlet, and the exit is laid with blanking slide plate 5, the correspondence of blanking slide plate 5 tank 7；It is described to pass
Dynamic system includes being fixed on the motor 2 of the bottom of frame 1, and the drive pulley on motor shaft, the motor shaft
The output gear that belt pulley connects on guillotine cutting axle 14 other end on the wherein belt pulley of one end, guillotine cutting axle 14 by belt passes through chain
Gear on bar connection material feeding roller；The same side shaft end on the active material feeding roller 13 is laid with outboard gears and interior respectively
Output gear on side gear, the outboard gears connection guillotine cutting axle 14, the inboard gear connects the passive feeding of the same side
Gear on roll shaft 15, the remaining gear in the same side is mutually connected two-by-two by chain, active material feeding roller 13 and passive
The gear of opposite axial end is mutually connected two-by-two by chain on material feeding roller 15；
When agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device works, the drive pulley being fixed on motor shaft is driven by motor 2, and pass through skin
Band imparts power to guillotine cutting device assembly in the belt pulley on the shaft end of guillotine cutting axle 14 on guillotine cutting device, driving guillotine cutting device and makees high
Mutually power transmission between gear on speed rotation, material feeding roller, driving material feeding roller operating rotates, manually by farming
Thing laying straws are on feed hopper 3, and the material feeding roller then pushed in feeding chamber, feeding chamber is compressed to agricultural crop straw
Afterwards in feeding guillotine cutting device, the moving knife 16 in guillotine cutting device on guillotine cutting device assembly further carries out cutting extruding to stalk, utilizes
Component cutting stalk, the component of level to the left of moving knife 16 vertically downward push stalk；In the phase interaction of moving knife 16 and stationary knife 18
Under, stalk is set constantly to be shredded, with the rotation of guillotine cutting device roller 4, the blade of moving knife 16 is rolled straw cutting and along guillotine cutting device
4 circular arc directions of cylinder are pushed, and broken section of driven knife 16 of stalk after chopping throws, be fed through through blanking slide plate 5 in tank 7, pass through water
Groove 7 carries out infiltration processing to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting；Agricultural crop straw after infiltration is handled is put into steam-explosion jar 8 and carries out vapour
It is quick-fried, obtain steam puffed stalk；Room temperature is carried out to steam puffed stalk in hurricane drier 9 and air-dries processing；The bottom of hurricane drier 9 is laid with hydrophobic
Valve 10, can discharge the moisture in hurricane drier 9, and the steam puffed stalk air-dried by pulverizer 11 to room temperature after processing is crushed,
Stalk after crushing is put into holding vessel 12 and deposited.
Embodiment three：
As shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 5, a kind of method and its device for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw, one kind is used to pre-process farming
The method of thing stalk：
A, guillotine cutting carried out to pending agricultural crop straw by agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, by its guillotine cutting into length be 10~
19 cm segment is standby；
B, to after guillotine cutting in step A agricultural crop straw carry out infiltration processing, i.e., by guillotine cutting length for 10~19 cm segment
Agricultural crop straw is put into tank 7, with 1:1 ratio adds water in tank 7, infiltrates 24 hours；
C, by step B infiltration processing after agricultural crop straw be put into steam-explosion jar 8, saturation vapours is passed through into steam-explosion jar 8,
Boost to 0.6 MPa, 1.0 MPa and 1.5 MPa respectively, the dwell time be after 3 minutes, 3 minutes can pressure release obtain steam explosion
Stalk；60 DEG C of water is added into steam puffed stalk with 1: 10 solid-to-liquid ratio, steam puffed stalk surface DDGS is removed；
D, the steam puffed stalk after being washed in step C is put into hurricane drier 9 and passes through room temperature natural air drying；By the steam puffed stalk after air-drying
It is put into pulverizer 11 to be crushed, is deposited after crossing 30~40 mesh sieves into holding vessel 12；
E, the steam puffed stalk for taking out 5kg in holding vessel 12, by steam puffed stalk and wheat bran with 1:1 ratio carries out mixing and produced
The culture medium of mushroom.
It is a kind of to be used to pre-processing the device of agricultural crop straw, including agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, tank 7, steam-explosion jar 8,
Hurricane drier 9, pulverizer 11 and holding vessel 12；
The agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, for carrying out guillotine cutting to pending agricultural crop straw；The agricultural crop straw hand hay cutter
Cutting apparatus includes frame 1, the transmission system for agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device operation, feeding chamber and guillotine cutting device；It is described to feed
Expect that room is located at the left side of frame 1, feeding chamber includes feed hopper 3, squeeze board 6 and one group of material feeding roller, and the feed hopper 3 is in " U "
Shape, the upper plane lateral inclination of feed hopper 3 is laid with more than two squeeze boards 6, the rear end face and feed hopper of the squeeze board 6
Within angle between 3 upper plane is less than 90 °, and material feeding roller is located at the bottom of feed hopper 3, and material feeding roller described in every group is four
Individual, one of them is active material feeding roller 13, and remaining three are passive material feeding roller 15, four material feeding roller parallelograms
Distribution, three corresponding material feeding rollers are in equilateral triangle distribution up and down；The shaft end of material feeding roller is respectively positioned on the outer of feeding chamber
End, the shaft end of material feeding roller is laid with gear, the import of the entrance correspondence guillotine cutting device of feeding chamber respectively；The guillotine cutting device position
In the middle part of frame 1, guillotine cutting device includes guillotine cutting device assembly, one group of stationary knife 18 and blanking slide plate 5, and stationary knife 18 described in every group is three
Individual, the stationary knife 18 is fixed on the middle and lower part of feeding chamber outlet；The guillotine cutting device assembly includes guillotine cutting device roller 4, guillotine cutting axle 14
With moving knife 16, the edge line that 18 are cut surely is located under the axis of rotation of moving knife 16, and guillotine cutting axle is laterally laid with guillotine cutting device roller 4
14, circumferentially tilt on the guillotine cutting axle 14 it is detachable moving knife 16 is distributed with, the basil of the moving knife 16 is more than 35 °, moving knife 16
Cutting anterior angle be less than 90 °, the detachable moving knife for being distributed as circumferentially being welded with more than four on the axial wall of guillotine cutting axle 14
It is reserved with fixed plate 17, the moving knife fixed plate 17 on screwed hole, moving knife 16 and is reserved with fixed elongated hole, by moving knife 16 and moving knife
Fixed plate 17 fits, and the upper plane of moving knife 16 is higher than the upper plane of moving knife fixed plate 17, is fixed and grown by screw bolt passes
Moving knife 16 is fixed in moving knife fixed plate 17 by hole and screwed hole, and the two axial ends of guillotine cutting axle 14 are located at the outside of guillotine cutting device roller 4,
A wherein shaft end for guillotine cutting axle 14 is laid with the other end on belt pulley, guillotine cutting axle 14 and is laid with output gear, the guillotine cutting device rolling
The side of cylinder 14 offers outlet, and the exit is laid with blanking slide plate 5, the correspondence of blanking slide plate 5 tank 7；It is described to pass
Dynamic system includes being fixed on the motor 2 of the bottom of frame 1, and the drive pulley on motor shaft, the motor shaft
The output gear that belt pulley connects on guillotine cutting axle 14 other end on the wherein belt pulley of one end, guillotine cutting axle 14 by belt passes through chain
Gear on bar connection material feeding roller；The same side shaft end on the active material feeding roller 13 is laid with outboard gears and interior respectively
Output gear on side gear, the outboard gears connection guillotine cutting axle 14, the inboard gear connects the passive feeding of the same side
Gear on roll shaft 15, the remaining gear in the same side is mutually connected two-by-two by chain, active material feeding roller 13 and passive
The gear of opposite axial end is mutually connected two-by-two by chain on material feeding roller 15；
When agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device works, the drive pulley being fixed on motor shaft is driven by motor 2, and pass through skin
Band imparts power to guillotine cutting device assembly in the belt pulley on the shaft end of guillotine cutting axle 14 on guillotine cutting device, driving guillotine cutting device and makees high
Mutually power transmission between gear on speed rotation, material feeding roller, driving material feeding roller operating rotates, manually by farming
Thing laying straws are on feed hopper 3, and the material feeding roller then pushed in feeding chamber, feeding chamber is compressed to agricultural crop straw
Afterwards in feeding guillotine cutting device, the moving knife 16 in guillotine cutting device on guillotine cutting device assembly further carries out cutting extruding to stalk, utilizes
Component cutting stalk, the component of level to the left of moving knife 16 vertically downward push stalk；In the phase interaction of moving knife 16 and stationary knife 18
Under, stalk is set constantly to be shredded, with the rotation of guillotine cutting device roller 4, the blade of moving knife 16 is rolled straw cutting and along guillotine cutting device
4 circular arc directions of cylinder are pushed, and broken section of driven knife 16 of stalk after chopping throws, be fed through through blanking slide plate 5 in tank 7, pass through water
Groove 7 carries out infiltration processing to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting；Agricultural crop straw after infiltration is handled is put into steam-explosion jar 8 and carries out vapour
It is quick-fried, obtain steam puffed stalk；Room temperature is carried out to steam puffed stalk in hurricane drier 9 and air-dries processing；The bottom of hurricane drier 9 is laid with hydrophobic
Valve 10, can discharge the moisture in hurricane drier 9, and the steam puffed stalk air-dried by pulverizer 11 to room temperature after processing is crushed,
Stalk after crushing is put into holding vessel 12 and deposited.
Embodiment described above, simply presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not limits the scope of the present invention, therefore
The equivalent change or modification that all construction, feature and principles according to described in the scope of the claims of the present invention are done, all should be included in the present invention
In claim.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for pre-processing agricultural crop straw, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A, guillotine cutting carried out to pending agricultural crop straw by agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, by its guillotine cutting into length be 10~
19 cm segment is standby；
B, to after guillotine cutting in step A agricultural crop straw carry out infiltration processing, i.e., by guillotine cutting length for 10~19 cm segment
Agricultural crop straw is put into tank, with 1:1 ratio adds water in tank, infiltrates more than 24 hours；
C, by step B infiltration processing after agricultural crop straw be put into steam-explosion jar, saturation vapours is passed through into steam-explosion jar, point
Do not boost to 0.6 MPa, 1.0 MPa and 1.5 MPa, the dwell time be after 3 minutes, 3 minutes can pressure release obtain steam explosion straw
Stalk；60 DEG C of water is added into steam puffed stalk with 1: 10 solid-to-liquid ratio, steam puffed stalk surface DDGS is removed；
D, the steam puffed stalk after being washed in step C is put into hurricane drier and passes through room temperature natural air drying；By the steam puffed stalk after air-drying
It is put into pulverizer to be crushed, is deposited after crossing 30~40 mesh sieves into holding vessel.
2. a kind of method for pre-processing agricultural crop straw according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the holding vessel
Interior steam puffed stalk and wheat bran are with 1:1 ratio carries out mixing the culture medium for producing mushroom.
3. a kind of pretreatment farming for being used to pre-process the method for agricultural crop straw according to any one of claim 1~2
The device of thing stalk, it is characterised in that including agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, tank, steam-explosion jar, hurricane drier, pulverizer and storage
Deposit tank；
The agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, for carrying out guillotine cutting to pending agricultural crop straw；The agricultural crop straw hand hay cutter
Cutting apparatus includes frame, the transmission system for agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device operation, feeding chamber and guillotine cutting device；The feeding
Room is located at the left side of frame, and feeding chamber includes feed hopper, squeeze board and one group of material feeding roller, and the feed hopper is " U "-shaped, charging
The upper plane lateral inclination of bucket is laid with more than two squeeze boards, the rear end face of the squeeze board and the upper plane of feed hopper it
Between within angle be less than 90 °, material feeding roller is located at the bottom of feed hopper, and the shaft end of material feeding roller is respectively positioned on the outer end of feeding chamber,
The shaft end of material feeding roller is laid with gear, the import of the entrance correspondence guillotine cutting device of feeding chamber respectively；The guillotine cutting device is located at
The middle part of frame, guillotine cutting device includes guillotine cutting device assembly, one group of stationary knife and blanking slide plate, and the stationary knife is fixed on feeding chamber outlet
Middle and lower part；The guillotine cutting device assembly includes laterally being laid with guillotine cutting device roller, guillotine cutting axle and moving knife, the guillotine cutting device roller
Circumferentially tilted on guillotine cutting axle, the guillotine cutting axle it is detachable is distributed with moving knife, the basil of the moving knife is more than 35 °, and moving knife is cut
Anterior angle is cut less than 90 °, the two axial ends of guillotine cutting axle are located at the outside of guillotine cutting device roller, and a wherein shaft end for guillotine cutting axle is laid with belt
The other end is laid with output gear on wheel, guillotine cutting axle, and the side of the guillotine cutting device roller offers outlet, and the exit is laid
There are blanking slide plate, the blanking slide plate correspondence tank；The transmission system includes being fixed to the motor of frame lower, and is located at
Drive pulley on drive pulley on motor shaft, the motor shaft connects on guillotine cutting axle the wherein skin of one end by belt
The output gear of the other end connects the gear on material feeding roller by chain on belt wheel, the guillotine cutting axle；
Tank, for carrying out infiltration processing to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting；
Steam-explosion jar, for handling infiltration after agricultural crop straw carry out steam explosion, obtain steam puffed stalk；
Hurricane drier, for carrying out air-drying processing to steam puffed stalk；
Pulverizer, for being crushed to air-drying the agricultural crop straw after processing；
Holding vessel, is deposited to the stalk after crushing.
4. a kind of device for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw according to claim 3, it is characterised in that fed described in every group
It is four to expect roll shaft, and one of them is active material feeding roller, and remaining three are passive material feeding roller, and four material feeding rollers are in parallel
Quadrangle is distributed, and three corresponding material feeding rollers are distributed in equilateral triangle up and down；It is same on the active material feeding roller
Side axle end is laid with the output gear on outboard gears and inboard gear, the outboard gears connection guillotine cutting axle respectively, described interior
Side gear connects the gear on the passive material feeding roller of the same side, and by sprocket wheel, mutually transmission connects the remaining gear in the same side two-by-two
Connect, the gear of opposite axial end is mutually connected two-by-two by chain on active material feeding roller and passive material feeding roller.
5. a kind of device for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw according to claim 3, it is characterised in that fixed described in every group
Knife is three, and the edge line cut surely is located under the axis of rotation of moving knife.
6. a kind of device for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described detachable
It is distributed as circumferentially being welded with the axial wall of guillotine cutting axle being reserved with spiral shell in the moving knife fixed plate of more than four, the moving knife fixed plate
Fixed elongated hole is reserved with pit, moving knife, moving knife and moving knife fixed plate are fitted, the upper plane of moving knife is higher than moving knife fixed plate
Upper plane, fix elongated hole and screwed hole by screw bolt passes and moving knife be fixed in moving knife fixed plate.
7. a kind of device for being used to pre-process agricultural crop straw according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the hurricane drier
Bottom be laid with drain valve.
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| CN201710427688.5A CN107142764B (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2017-06-08 | It is a kind of for pre-processing the method and device thereof of agricultural crop straw |
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| CN201710427688.5A CN107142764B (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2017-06-08 | It is a kind of for pre-processing the method and device thereof of agricultural crop straw |
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| CN108247792A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-06 | 湖州华科信息咨询有限公司 | The device being modified using low temperature plasma to agricultural crop straw surface |
| CN108385421A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-08-10 | 华南理工大学 | Lignocellulosic supercritical CO2Explosion and its component separation method |
| CN112806225A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-05-18 | 贺州市农业科学院 | Planting method for black fungus and rice crop rotation |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107142764B (en) | 2018-12-11 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210412 Address after: 211100 room 847, No.69 Feitian Avenue, Airport Economic Development Zone, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province (Jiangning Development Zone) Patentee after: Nanjing pusipai Ecological Environment Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 274300 Li Xin Zhuang Zhen Huang Si Cun, Shan county, Heze City, Shandong Province Patentee before: Shanxian Longhai Wood Industry Co., Ltd |