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CN107133749B - Power information physical coupling modeling method considering demand response information - Google Patents

Power information physical coupling modeling method considering demand response information Download PDF

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CN107133749B
CN107133749B CN201710537021.0A CN201710537021A CN107133749B CN 107133749 B CN107133749 B CN 107133749B CN 201710537021 A CN201710537021 A CN 201710537021A CN 107133749 B CN107133749 B CN 107133749B
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倪明
李满礼
周霞
赵丽莉
李悦岑
童和钦
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State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Nari Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种考虑需求响应信息的电力信息物理耦合建模方法，属于电力信息物理系统分析技术领域。本发明针对电力信息物理耦合系统中的频率稳定控制问题，提出利用需求响应资源参与系统频率控制过程，在传统频率响应模型中加入需求响应反馈控制环，该反馈环考虑需求响应参与系统调频的能力以及信息系统通信延时等特性，建立电力信息物理耦合模型。本发明实现了电力信息物理耦合系统中信息侧与物理侧的紧密联系，大大提高了电力系统的频率稳定性。

Figure 201710537021

The invention discloses a power information physics coupling modeling method considering demand response information, and belongs to the technical field of power information physics system analysis. Aiming at the frequency stability control problem in the power information physical coupling system, the present invention proposes to use demand response resources to participate in the system frequency control process, and adds a demand response feedback control loop to the traditional frequency response model, which takes into account the demand response ability to participate in system frequency regulation. And the characteristics of information system communication delay, etc., establish a power-information-physical coupling model. The invention realizes the close connection between the information side and the physical side in the power information physical coupling system, and greatly improves the frequency stability of the power system.

Figure 201710537021

Description

一种考虑需求响应信息的电力信息物理耦合建模方法A Power Cyber-Physics Coupling Modeling Method Considering Demand Response Information

技术领域technical field

本发明属于电力信息物理系统分析技术领域，具体地说本发明涉及一种考虑需求响应信息的电力信息物理耦合建模方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of power cyber-physical system analysis, in particular to a power cyber-physical coupling modeling method considering demand response information.

背景技术Background technique

信息物理系统(CPS，Cyber-Physical Systems)，又称信息物理融合系统、信息物理耦合系统，是指通过3C技术将计算系统、通信网络和物理环境融为一体，形成实时感知、动态控制与信息服务融合的多维异构复杂系统。随着计算技术、通信技术和智能控制技术的迅速发展，信息物理耦合系统一经提出便引起学术界及产业界的广泛重视并保持快速发展。Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS, Cyber-Physical Systems), also known as cyber-physical fusion system, cyber-physical coupling system, refers to the integration of computing system, communication network and physical environment through 3C technology to form real-time perception, dynamic control and information. A multi-dimensional heterogeneous complex system of service fusion. With the rapid development of computing technology, communication technology and intelligent control technology, once the information-physical coupling system is proposed, it has attracted extensive attention from academia and industry and maintained rapid development.

近年来，随着智能电网建设的不断发展，电网传感器数量、信息网络规模和决策单元数量都迅速增加，电力系统的自动化程度大大提高。信息系统的强大功能为电网运行提供了技术保障，也使得需求响应技术参与系统频率调节成为可能。因此，如何考虑电力信息物理交互动特性、挖掘电力信息物理耦合系统中大量数据的有效信息，研究一种考虑需求响应信息的电力信息物理耦合建模方法，成为亟待研究的问题。但是，目前对于这方面的研究，还未见成熟方案的提出。In recent years, with the continuous development of smart grid construction, the number of grid sensors, the scale of information networks and the number of decision-making units have increased rapidly, and the degree of automation of the power system has been greatly improved. The powerful functions of the information system provide technical support for the operation of the power grid, and also make it possible for the demand response technology to participate in the frequency regulation of the system. Therefore, how to consider the power-cyber-physical interaction characteristics, mine the effective information of a large amount of data in the power-cyber-physics coupled system, and develop a power-cyber-physical coupling modeling method that considers demand response information has become an urgent problem to be studied. However, at present, there is no mature solution proposed for this research.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明目的是：针对现有技术在电力信息物理耦合建模时不考虑需求响应信息的不足，提出一种考虑需求响应信息的电力信息物理耦合建模方法，为信息物理耦合系统频率稳定控制提供新思路。The purpose of the invention is to propose a power information physics coupling modeling method considering demand response information in view of the deficiency of the prior art in the power information physics coupling modeling without considering the demand response information, which provides the frequency stability control of the information physics coupling system. new ideas.

具体地说，本发明是采用以下技术方案实现的：将需求响应信息纳入电力系统物理模型中，建立电力信息物理耦合模型如下式所示：Specifically, the present invention is realized by adopting the following technical solutions: the demand response information is incorporated into the physical model of the power system, and the physical coupling model of the power information is established as shown in the following formula:

ΔPT(s)-ΔPL(s)+ΔPDR(s)＝2H·s·Δω(s)+D·Δω(s)ΔP T (s)-ΔP L (s)+ΔP DR (s)=2H·s·Δω(s)+D·Δω(s)

该式中，ΔPT(s)表示火电机组功率增量；ΔPL(s)表示负荷功率增量；ΔPDR(s)表示需求响应资源功率增量；H、D分别表示系统惯性时间常数和阻尼系数；Δω(s)表示系统频率增量；s表示拉普拉斯运算符；In this formula, ΔP T (s) represents the power increment of the thermal power unit; ΔP L (s) represents the load power increment; ΔP DR (s) represents the demand response resource power increment; H and D represent the system inertia time constant and Damping coefficient; Δω(s) represents the system frequency increment; s represents the Laplace operator;

考虑到需求响应资源参与电力信息物理耦合系统频率控制的功率变化是瞬时完成的，因此将ΔPDR(s)表征为一个比例控制加延时环节的传递函数形式，具体公式如下：Considering that the power change of the demand response resource participating in the frequency control of the power-cyber-physical coupling system is completed instantaneously, ΔP DR (s) is represented as a transfer function form of a proportional control plus a delay link, and the specific formula is as follows:

Figure GDA0002551243640000021
Figure GDA0002551243640000021

该式中，KP表示需求响应功率与频率变化量的调节关系；

Figure GDA0002551243640000022
表示延时环节；Td表示需求响应资源响应延时时间常数。In this formula, K P represents the adjustment relationship between the demand response power and the frequency change;
Figure GDA0002551243640000022
Represents the delay link; T d represents the response delay time constant of the demand response resource.

上述技术方案的进一步特征在于，采用帕德近似(Padé approximation)对需求响应延时环节

Figure GDA0002551243640000023
进行线性化，如下式所述：A further feature of the above technical solution is that a Padé approximation is used for the demand response delay link.
Figure GDA0002551243640000023
Linearize as follows:

Figure GDA0002551243640000024
Figure GDA0002551243640000024

其中，G(s)表示

Figure GDA0002551243640000025
环节线性化后的传递函数。Among them, G(s) represents
Figure GDA0002551243640000025
The linearized transfer function of the link.

本发明的有益效果如下：本发明在传统频率响应模型中加入需求响应反馈控制环，该反馈环考虑需求响应参与系统调频的能力以及信息系统通信延时等特性，建立电力信息物理耦合模型，实现了电力信息物理耦合系统中信息侧与物理侧的紧密联系，大大提高了电力系统的频率稳定性。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adds a demand response feedback control loop to the traditional frequency response model. The close connection between the information side and the physical side in the power-information-physical coupling system greatly improves the frequency stability of the power system.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的考虑需求响应信息的电力信息物理耦合模型框图；FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a physical coupling model of power information considering demand response information according to the present invention;

图2为实施例的仿真模型图。FIG. 2 is a simulation model diagram of the embodiment.

图3为实施例的仿真结果图。FIG. 3 is a simulation result diagram of the embodiment.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合实施例并参照附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

实施例1：Example 1:

本发明的一个实施例，描述了一种考虑需求响应信息的电力信息物理耦合建模方法，具体而言，该建模方法的主要过程是，将需求响应信息纳入电力系统物理模型中，建立电力信息物理耦合模型如下式所示。An embodiment of the present invention describes a power information physical coupling modeling method that considers demand response information. Specifically, the main process of the modeling method is to incorporate demand response information into the physical model of the power system to establish a power The cyber-physical coupling model is shown in the following formula.

ΔPT(s)-ΔPL(s)+ΔPDR(s)＝2H·s·Δω(s)+D·Δω(s)ΔP T (s)-ΔP L (s)+ΔP DR (s)=2H·s·Δω(s)+D·Δω(s)

其中，ΔPT(s)表示火电机组功率增量；ΔPL(s)表示负荷功率增量；ΔPDR(s)表示需求响应资源功率增量；H、D分别表示系统惯性时间常数和阻尼系数；Δω(s)表示系统频率增量；s表示拉普拉斯运算符。Among them, ΔP T (s) represents the power increment of the thermal power unit; ΔP L (s) represents the load power increment; ΔP DR (s) represents the demand response resource power increment; H and D represent the system inertia time constant and damping coefficient, respectively ;Δω(s) represents the system frequency increment; s represents the Laplace operator.

考虑到需求响应资源参与电力信息物理耦合系统频率控制的功率变化是瞬时完成的，因此将ΔPDR(s)表征为一个比例控制加延时环节的传递函数形式，具体公式如下。Considering that the power change of the demand response resource participating in the frequency control of the power-cyber-physical coupling system is completed instantaneously, ΔP DR (s) is represented as a transfer function form of a proportional control plus a delay link, and the specific formula is as follows.

Figure GDA0002551243640000031
Figure GDA0002551243640000031

其中，KP表示需求响应功率与频率变化量的调节关系；

Figure GDA0002551243640000032
表示延时环节；Td表示需求响应资源响应延时时间常数。Among them, K P represents the adjustment relationship between the demand response power and the frequency change;
Figure GDA0002551243640000032
Represents the delay link; T d represents the response delay time constant of the demand response resource.

采用帕德近似(Padé approximation)对需求响应延时环节

Figure GDA0002551243640000033
进行线性化，过程如下。Using the Padé approximation to analyze the demand response delay link
Figure GDA0002551243640000033
Linearization is performed as follows.

Figure GDA0002551243640000034
Figure GDA0002551243640000034

其中：in:

Figure GDA0002551243640000035
是一个p阶多项式，
Figure GDA0002551243640000036
Figure GDA0002551243640000035
is a polynomial of order p,
Figure GDA0002551243640000036

Figure GDA0002551243640000037
是一个q阶多项式，
Figure GDA0002551243640000038
Figure GDA0002551243640000037
is a q-order polynomial,
Figure GDA0002551243640000038

p、q为多项式阶数，一般取5～10，在本实施例中均取5；k为非负整数。p and q are polynomial orders, generally 5 to 10, and both are 5 in this embodiment; k is a non-negative integer.

采用五阶化简，得到Using fifth-order simplification, we get

Figure GDA0002551243640000039
Figure GDA0002551243640000039

其中，G(s)表示

Figure GDA0002551243640000041
环节线性化后的传递函数。Among them, G(s) represents
Figure GDA0002551243640000041
The linearized transfer function of the link.

通过以上建模过程，本实施例最终形成如附图1所示的完整模型框图。如图1所示，ΔPL(s)表示负荷功率增量；KP表示需求响应功率与频率变化量的调节关系；

Figure GDA0002551243640000042
表示延时环节；Td表示需求响应资源响应延时时间常数；H、D分别表示系统惯性时间常数和阻尼系数；FHP表示再热系数；TRH表示再热发电机组时间常数；TG表示调速器时间常数；Tch表示汽轮机时间常数；Δω(s)表示系统频率增量；R表示一次调频调差系数；s表示拉普拉斯运算符。Through the above modeling process, the present embodiment finally forms a complete model block diagram as shown in FIG. 1 . As shown in Figure 1, ΔP L (s) represents the load power increment; K P represents the adjustment relationship between the demand response power and the frequency change;
Figure GDA0002551243640000042
Represents the delay link; T d represents the time constant of the demand response resource response delay; H and D represent the inertia time constant and damping coefficient of the system respectively; F HP represents the reheat coefficient; T RH represents the time constant of the reheat generator set; T G represents the The governor time constant; T ch represents the steam turbine time constant; Δω(s) represents the system frequency increment; R represents the primary frequency modulation error coefficient; s represents the Laplace operator.

以下给出上述方案的实际运用。假设系统参数如下表所示。The practical application of the above scheme is given below. It is assumed that the system parameters are shown in the table below.

表1电力系统仿真参数Table 1 Power system simulation parameters

T<sub>G</sub>T<sub>G</sub> T<sub>ch</sub>T<sub>ch</sub> T<sub>RH</sub>T<sub>RH</sub> RR F<sub>HP</sub>F<sub>HP</sub> 2H2H DD T<sub>d</sub>T<sub>d</sub> △P<sub>L</sub>(s)△P<sub>L</sub>(s) K<sub>p</sub>K<sub>p</sub> 0.2s0.2s 0.4s0.4s 7s7s 3.0Hz/p.u.3.0Hz/p.u. 0.30.3 0.1667pu.s0.1667pu.s 0.015p.u./Hz0.015p.u./Hz 0.1s0.1s 0.01p.u.0.01p.u. 0.20.2

其中，TG表示调速器时间常数；Tch表示汽轮机时间常数；TRH表示再热机组惯性时间常数；R表示一次调频调差系数；FHP表示再热系数；H、D分别表示系统惯性时间常数和阻尼系数；Td表示需求响应资源响应延时时间常数；ΔPL(s)表示负荷功率增量；KP表示需求响应功率与频率变化量的调节关系。Among them, T G is the time constant of the governor; T ch is the time constant of the steam turbine; T RH is the inertia time constant of the reheat unit; R is the primary frequency modulation difference modulation coefficient; F HP is the reheat coefficient; H and D are the inertia of the system, respectively Time constant and damping coefficient; T d represents the time constant of the demand response resource response delay; ΔP L (s) represents the load power increment; K P represents the adjustment relationship between the demand response power and the frequency change.

将上表中的参数代入图1的完整模型框图中，并在Simulink/Matlab中搭建仿真模型，仿真模型结构见图2，从“频率变化量”模块输出一个频率变化信号表示电网频率跌落，经过电网自身的调频模块和加入需求响应后的“比例与延时”模块，输出频率恢复的曲线。Substitute the parameters in the above table into the complete model block diagram of Figure 1, and build a simulation model in Simulink/Matlab. The simulation model structure is shown in Figure 2. A frequency change signal is output from the "frequency change amount" module to indicate that the frequency of the power grid has dropped. The frequency modulation module of the power grid itself and the "proportion and delay" module after adding demand response, output the curve of frequency recovery.

仿真结果见图3。由仿真结果可知，考虑需求响应参与频率一次调频效果比不考虑的要好，不仅频率跌落最低点有所提高，频率最终恢复稳定值也比不考虑需求响应的稳定值高；考虑通信延时对需求响应参与一次调频效果，可以看出有通信延时的情况下，频率最低点会比没有考虑通信延时的时候要低，但最终频率恢复效果相似。The simulation results are shown in Figure 3. From the simulation results, it can be seen that the effect of primary frequency modulation considering the demand response participation frequency is better than that without considering it. Not only does the frequency drop the lowest point increase, but the frequency eventually recovers to a stable value higher than the stable value without considering the demand response; considering the communication delay, the demand In response to participating in a frequency modulation effect, it can be seen that when there is a communication delay, the lowest frequency point will be lower than when the communication delay is not considered, but the final frequency recovery effect is similar.

虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上，但实施例并不是用来限定本发明的。在不脱离本发明之精神和范围内，所做的任何等效变化或润饰，同样属于本发明之保护范围。因此本发明的保护范围应当以本申请的权利要求所界定的内容为标准。Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the content defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims (1)

1. A power information physical coupling modeling method considering demand response information is characterized in that the demand response information is incorporated into a power system physical model, and the power information physical coupling model is established as shown in the following formula:
ΔPT(s)-ΔPL(s)+ΔPDR(s)＝2H·s·Δω(s)+D·Δω(s)
in the formula,. DELTA.PT(s) representing the power increment of the thermal power generating unit; delta PL(s) represents a load power increment; delta PDR(s) represents a demand response resource power increment; H. d represents the system inertia time constant and the damping coefficient respectively; Δ ω(s) represents the system frequency increment; s represents the Laplace operator;
wherein, Δ PDR(s) is characterized in that the transfer function form of a proportional control delay link is as follows:
Figure FDA0002551243630000011
in the formula, KPThe regulation relation of the demand response power and the frequency variation is represented;
Figure FDA0002551243630000012
representing a delay link; t isdRepresenting the response delay time constant of the demand response resource and adopting Pade approximation to delay the demand response
Figure FDA0002551243630000013
Linearization was performed as follows:
Figure FDA0002551243630000014
wherein G(s) represents
Figure FDA0002551243630000015
And (5) the transfer function of the link after linearization.
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