CN107129175B - Pervious concrete binder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a permeable concrete binder and a preparation method thereof. According to the weight percentage, it comprises the following components: 1%-4% of ammonium sulfate, 1%-4% of potassium sulfate, 1%-4% of sodium sulfate, and 1% of magnesium chloride. %‑4%, ferric sulfate 1%‑4%, ferrous sulfate 2%‑7%, calcium sulfate 15%‑25%, water retention agent 0.01%‑0.3%, sodium gluconate 0.05%‑0.3%, air entraining agent 0%‑0.3%, water 47.4%‑77.94%. The main component of the permeable concrete binder prepared by the invention is inorganic substances, is non-toxic, has good anti-aging performance, can enhance the strength of the permeable concrete, and has good water retention and permeability at the same time, and the preparation process involved is simple, the cycle is short, Low cost, suitable for industrial production.

Description

A kind of permeable concrete binder and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a permeable concrete binder and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Pervious concrete is a kind of building material mixed with aggregate, cement mineral admixture, water and admixtures. The research and application in this field began more than 100 years ago. Pervious concrete can allow rainwater to flow into the ground, effectively replenish groundwater, and alleviate some urban environmental problems such as the sharp drop in urban groundwater level. It is an excellent pavement material for maintaining ecological balance and alleviating urban heat island effect. . However, due to the limitations of various conditions, there is still a lot of room for improvement in the research and promotion of pervious concrete.

The inventors have found that the binder is a key factor that directly affects the strength and water permeability of pervious concrete. At present, the research on permeable concrete binder has attracted the attention of scientific researchers. For example, patent number CN206052494U uses superabsorbent resin to prepare permeable bricks with good water permeability. However, due to the use of organic polymer materials, its toxicity and anti-aging The performance is yet to be further studied; Patent No. CN105776940A proposes a permeable concrete binder and a preparation method. The prepared binder uses rubber powder and high molecular polymer for cross-linking polymerization to form a microcapsule structure. To a certain extent Improve the water permeability of concrete. However, there is still a certain distance from the ideal water permeability coefficient, and the preparation cost is high. Therefore, it is very important to develop a permeable concrete binder with good water permeability, high strength, low cost, non-toxicity and good anti-aging performance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a permeable concrete binder, which can effectively improve the water permeability and water retention of concrete, and improve the compressive strength and wear resistance of cement under the premise of ensuring various physical indicators of the road.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a permeable concrete binder, which is simple, short in cycle, low in cost, and suitable for industrial production.

The present invention solves its technical problems by adopting the following technical solutions.

The present invention proposes a permeable concrete binder, which, in terms of weight percentage, comprises the following components:

Ammonium sulfate 1%-4%, potassium sulfate 1%-4%, sodium sulfate 1%-4%, magnesium chloride 1%-4%, iron sulfate 1%-4%, ferrous sulfate 2%-7%, calcium sulfate 15%-25%, water retention agent 0.01%-0.3%, sodium gluconate 0.05%-0.3%, air-entraining agent 0%-0.3%, water 47.4%-77.94%.

The present invention proposes a preparation method of a permeable concrete binder, which comprises the following steps:

Feeding and dissolving: adding a predetermined percentage of the above-mentioned raw materials to water according to the feeding sequence to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the feeding sequence is: according to ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium gluconate, The water retaining agent and the air-entraining agent are added in sequence;

Insulation and stirring: the mixture is heated and stirred to obtain a permeable concrete binder.

The beneficial effects of the permeable concrete binder and the preparation method thereof of the embodiment of the present invention are:

The main component of the permeable concrete binder prepared by the invention is inorganic substances, which has low toxicity and good anti-aging performance; at the same time, the binder contains a large amount of metal ions, which helps to fully electrolyze the effective ions in the cement and accelerate the hydration of the cement. React to form a network-like crystal structure, which enhances the strength of pervious concrete. In addition, the binder has good water retention and water permeability, and the involved preparation process is simple, the cycle is short, and the cost is low, and it is suitable for industrial production.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not indicated in the examples, it is carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used without the manufacturer's indication are conventional products that can be purchased from the market.

The pervious concrete binder and the preparation method thereof of the embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below.

A kind of pervious concrete binder provided by the embodiment of the present invention, in terms of weight percentage, comprises the following components:

Ammonium sulfate 1%-4%, potassium sulfate 1%-4%, sodium sulfate 1%-4%, magnesium chloride 1%-4%, iron sulfate 1%-4%, ferrous sulfate 2%-7%, calcium sulfate 15%-25%, water retention agent 0.01%-0.3%, sodium gluconate 0.05%-0.3%, air-entraining agent 0%-0.3%, water 47.4%-77.94%.

The existence of various metal ions can fully electrolyze the effective ions in concrete. The permeable concrete binder can penetrate into the cement, accelerate the cement hydration reaction, form a network crystal structure, enhance the strength of permeable concrete, and improve the compressive and flexural strength of the pavement, wear resistance, and frost resistance. In addition, the adhesive has strong bonding ability and wide application range, and when it is added to permeable concrete for road paving, the road surface has good water permeability and water retention performance. The permeable concrete added with the adhesive can make the road surface water quickly penetrate into the permeable concrete, and the excess water can quickly penetrate into the ground or pipeline. In addition, the use of adhesive can effectively reduce the amount of cement and water, greatly reduce labor costs and production costs, and save resources.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate, magnesium chloride, ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, calcium sulfate, water-retaining agent, sodium gluconate, and air-entraining agent are all analytically pure.

Analytical purity (AR) is the purity specification of a chemical reagent, which is a difference between the content and the purity of the reagent. Analytical purity refers to the reagents used for analysis and determination, with very few impurities, which do not hinder the analysis and determination.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the permeable concrete binder, in terms of weight percentage, ammonium sulfate is 3%-4%, potassium sulfate is 3%-4%, and sodium sulfate is 3%-4% , magnesium chloride is 3%-4%, ferric sulfate is 3%-4%, ferrous sulfate is 5%-7%, calcium sulfate is 15%-20%, water retention agent is 0.2%-0.3%, sodium gluconate is 0.2%-0.3%, air-entraining agent 0%-0.3%, water 57%-60%. Further limiting the weight percentage of each component can optimize the water permeability and water retention performance of the permeable concrete binder, so that the product can achieve the best effect.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water-retaining agent is selected from one of polyacrylamide, water-soluble starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, soybean protein isolate, chitosan, and starch-grafted polyacrylamide copolymer. one or more. Further preferably, the water retention agent is selected from polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose and soybean protein isolate with a mass ratio of 1:0.5:1. The above three water-retaining agents can form a good compatibility, reduce the bleeding rate of concrete, avoid the evaporation of water molecules, ensure the subsequent hydration of cement, ensure the crack resistance of water-permeable concrete, and further strengthen the strength of permeable concrete.

The present invention also provides the preparation method of the above-mentioned permeable concrete binder, which comprises the following steps:

Feeding and dissolving: adding a predetermined percentage of the above-mentioned raw materials to water according to the feeding sequence to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the feeding sequence is: according to ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium gluconate, The water retaining agent and the air-entraining agent are added in sequence;

Insulation and stirring: the mixture is heated and stirred to obtain a permeable concrete binder.

Carrying out the feeding operation in a fixed order, on the one hand, is to ensure the dissolution of the raw materials in water, which has an important influence on the formation of a pervious concrete binder with uniform and stable quality. On the other hand, the formation of insoluble precipitates during the addition of raw materials is avoided. And after the addition of the metal salt, sodium gluconate, water-retaining agent and air-entraining agent are added to avoid affecting the stability of the adhesive.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the feeding and dissolving step, a stirring operation is performed after each raw material is added, and the stirring time is 10-50 min. For example, after adding ammonium sulfate and stirring for 10 minutes, adding potassium sulfate and stirring for 20 minutes, then adding magnesium chloride and stirring for 20 minutes. Each time a raw material is added, stirring is performed, which can accelerate the dissolution of the raw material and avoid the phenomenon that the metal salt is not dissolved.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the feeding and dissolving step, in the process of sequentially adding ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and ferric sulfate into the water, each time a raw material is added, the process is carried out. Stir until completely dissolved. That is, it is ensured that the mixed solution is stirred to a solution state after each addition before calcium sulfate is added.

After the addition of materials is completed, the mixed solution is stirred uniformly and then the heat preservation stirring step is performed. Specifically, the mixed solution after feeding was added to the constant temperature water bath reaction kettle, the water bath temperature of the reaction kettle was set, the stirring speed of the reaction kettle was adjusted, and the continuous heat preservation and stirring of the mixed solution was started. After heat preservation and stirring for a certain period of time, the permeable concrete binder is obtained.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixed solution is kept stirring at a temperature of 60-85°C.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the heat preservation stirring, the mixed solution is continuously stirred for 40-60 hours.

By controlling the temperature and time of heat preservation and stirring, a pervious concrete binder with uniform and stable quality can be obtained. In the process of heat preservation and stirring, pay attention to controlling the temperature. If the temperature is too high, it will cause excessive evaporation of water and affect the quality of the product; if the temperature is too low, the raw materials will not be easily dissolved.

The features and performances of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

Example 1

A kind of permeable concrete adhesive provided by the present embodiment is prepared by the following method:

(1) prepare the following raw materials according to weight percentage:

Ammonium sulfate 40 kg (4%), sodium sulfate 40 kg (4%), magnesium chloride 40 kg (4%), potassium sulfate 40 kg (4%), ferrous sulfate 50 kg (5%), ferric sulfate 40 kg ( 4%), calcium sulfate 150 kg (15%), sodium gluconate 3 kg (0.3%), water retention agent 3 kg (0.3%), water 594 kg (59.4%).

(2) Dissolve in the order of ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium gluconate, and water-retaining agent, and stir for no less than 10 minutes after each addition of a raw material. And pay attention to ensure that the mixture is stirred to a solution state after each addition before adding calcium sulfate. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred evenly for later use.

(3) The mixed solution obtained in step (2) is stirred evenly, added to the constant temperature water bath reaction kettle, the temperature of the water bath of the reaction kettle is set to be 65°C, the stirring speed of the reaction kettle is adjusted, and the mixed solution is started to be continuously insulated and stirred. After heat preservation and stirring for 48 hours, the permeable concrete binder was obtained.

Example 2

A kind of permeable concrete adhesive provided by the present embodiment is prepared by the following method:

(1) prepare the following raw materials according to weight percentage:

Ammonium sulfate 30 kg (3%), sodium sulfate 30 kg (3%), magnesium chloride 30 kg (3%), potassium sulfate 30 kg (3%), ferrous sulfate 70 kg (7%), ferric sulfate 30 kg ( 3%), calcium sulfate 200 kg (20%), sodium gluconate 3 kg (0.3%), water retention agent 3 kg (0.3%), water 574 kg (57.4%).

(2) Dissolve in the order of ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium gluconate, and water-retaining agent, and stir for 10 to 50 minutes after each addition of a raw material. And pay attention to ensure that the mixture is stirred to a solution state after each addition before adding calcium sulfate. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred evenly for later use.

(3) The mixed solution obtained in the step (2) is stirred evenly, added to the constant temperature water bath reaction kettle, the temperature of the water bath of the reaction kettle is set to be 75°C, the stirring speed of the reaction kettle is adjusted and the mixture is started to carry out continuous heat preservation and stirring. After heat preservation and stirring for 50 hours, the permeable concrete binder was obtained.

Example 3

A kind of permeable concrete adhesive provided by the present embodiment is prepared by the following method:

(1) prepare the following raw materials according to weight percentage:

Ammonium sulfate 30 kg (3%), sodium sulfate 30 kg (3%), magnesium chloride 30 kg (3%), potassium sulfate 30 kg (3%), ferrous sulfate 60 kg (6%), ferric sulfate 30 kg ( 3%), calcium sulfate 200 kg (20%), sodium gluconate 3 kg (0.3%), water retention agent 3 kg (0.3%), air-entraining agent 3 kg (0.3%), water 581 kg (58.1%).

(2) Dissolve according to the order of ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium gluconate, and water-retaining agent, and stir ~50min after each addition of a raw material. And pay attention to ensure that the mixture is stirred to a solution state after each addition before adding calcium sulfate. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred evenly for later use.

(3) The mixed solution obtained in step (2) is stirred evenly, added to the constant temperature water bath reaction kettle, the temperature of the water bath of the reaction kettle is set to be 80° C., the stirring speed of the reaction kettle is adjusted, and the mixed solution is started to be continuously insulated and stirred. After heat preservation and stirring for 55 hours, the permeable concrete binder was obtained.

Example 4

A kind of permeable concrete adhesive provided by the present embodiment is prepared by the following method:

(1) prepare the following raw materials according to weight percentage:

Ammonium sulfate 10 kg (1%), sodium sulfate 10 kg (1%), magnesium chloride 10 kg (1%), potassium sulfate 10 kg (1%), ferrous sulfate 20 kg (2%), ferric sulfate 10 kg ( 1%), calcium sulfate 150 kg (15%), sodium gluconate 0.5 kg (0.05%), water retention agent 0.1 kg (0.01%), water 581 kg (77.94%).

(2) Dissolve according to the order of ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium gluconate, and water-retaining agent, and stir ~50min after each addition of a raw material. And pay attention to ensure that the mixture is stirred to a solution state after each addition before adding calcium sulfate. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred evenly for later use.

(3) The mixed solution obtained in the step (2) is stirred evenly, added to the constant temperature water bath reaction kettle, the temperature of the water bath of the reaction kettle is set to be 60 ° C, the stirring speed of the reaction kettle is adjusted and the continuous thermal insulation stirring of the mixed solution is started. After heat preservation and stirring for 40 hours, the permeable concrete binder was obtained.

Example 5

A kind of permeable concrete adhesive provided by the present embodiment is prepared by the following method:

(1) prepare the following raw materials according to weight percentage:

Ammonium sulfate 40 kg (4%), sodium sulfate 40 kg (4%), magnesium chloride 40 kg (4%), potassium sulfate 40 kg (4%), ferrous sulfate 70 kg (7%), ferric sulfate 40 kg ( 4%), calcium sulfate 250 kg (25%), sodium gluconate 3 kg (0.3%), water retention agent 3 kg (0.3%), water 581 kg (47.4%).

(2) Dissolve according to the order of ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium gluconate, and water-retaining agent, and stir ~50min after each addition of a raw material. And pay attention to ensure that the mixture is stirred to a solution state after each addition before adding calcium sulfate. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred evenly for later use.

(3) The mixed solution obtained in step (2) is stirred evenly, added to the constant temperature water bath reaction kettle, the temperature of the water bath of the reaction kettle is set to be 85°C, the stirring speed of the reaction kettle is adjusted, and the mixed solution is started to be continuously insulated and stirred. After heat preservation and stirring for 60 hours, the permeable concrete binder was obtained.

Comparative Example 1

A kind of permeable concrete adhesive provided by this comparative example is prepared according to the following method:

(1) prepare the following raw materials according to weight percentage:

Ammonium sulfate 40 kg (4%), sodium sulfate 40 kg (4%), magnesium chloride 40 kg (4%), potassium sulfate 40 kg (4%), ferrous sulfate 50 kg (5%), ferric sulfate 40 kg ( 4%), calcium sulfate 150 kg (15%), sodium gluconate 3 kg (0.3%), water retention agent 3 kg (0.3%), water 594 kg (59.4%).

(2) Dissolving ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, and calcium sulfate in water respectively to obtain each raw material solution. Water was added to the reaction kettle, each of the above-mentioned raw material solutions was added, and then sodium gluconate and a water-retaining agent were added to obtain a mixed solution.

(3) The mixed solution obtained in step (2) is stirred evenly, added to the constant temperature water bath reaction kettle, the temperature of the water bath of the reaction kettle is set to be 65°C, the stirring speed of the reaction kettle is adjusted, and the mixed solution is started to be continuously insulated and stirred. After heat preservation and stirring for 48 hours, the permeable concrete binder was obtained.

Application example

With reference to the requirements of CJJ/T135-2209 "Technical Regulations for Permeable Cement Concrete Pavements", the performance of the permeable concrete adhesives of the above embodiments for permeable concrete is tested. According to the ratio of 5.5:1, the stone and cement are pre-configured, and the above-mentioned concrete binder with a mass fraction of 1% is added to obtain the test sample. The test results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Performance test table

Test items Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Water permeability, mm/s 3.1 3.5 2.9 2.7 2.8 1.6 Continuous porosity/% 33 38 34 35 33 26 Bending strength, MPa 5.8 6.3 5.7 5.3 5.5 3.8

To sum up, the main component of the permeable concrete binder of the embodiment of the present invention is inorganic substances, which has low toxicity and good anti-aging performance; at the same time, the binder contains a large amount of metal ions, which is helpful for fully electrolyzing the effective ions in the cement. , accelerate the hydration reaction of cement, form a network-like crystal structure, and enhance the strength of permeable concrete. In addition, the binder has good water retention and water permeability, and the involved preparation process is simple, the cycle is short, and the cost is low, and it is suitable for industrial production.

The above-described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the invention are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but are merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a permeable concrete binder, is characterized in that, according to weight percentage, is made up of following components: Ammonium sulfate 3%, potassium sulfate 3%, sodium sulfate 3%, magnesium chloride 3%, iron sulfate 3%, ferrous sulfate 7%, calcium sulfate 20%, water retention agent 0.3%, sodium gluconate 0.3%, water 57.4%, The water-retaining agent is selected from polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose and soybean protein isolate with a mass ratio of 1:0.5:1; The preparation method of the permeable concrete binder comprises the following steps: Feeding and dissolving: adding a predetermined percentage of the above-mentioned raw materials to water according to the feeding sequence to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the feeding sequence is: according to the ammonium sulfate, the potassium sulfate, the magnesium chloride, the sodium sulfate, the sulfite Iron, the ferric sulfate, the calcium sulfate, the sodium gluconate, and the water-retaining agent are sequentially added in the order; Heat preservation and stirring: the mixed solution is obtained by heat preservation and stirring to obtain a permeable concrete binder. 2. The pervious concrete binder according to claim 1, wherein the ammonium sulfate, the potassium sulfate, the sodium sulfate, the magnesium chloride, the ferric sulfate, the ferrous sulfate, the The calcium sulfate, the water-retaining agent, and the sodium gluconate are all analytically pure. 3. The preparation method of the permeable concrete binder according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, it comprises the following steps: Feeding and dissolving: adding a predetermined percentage of the above-mentioned raw materials to water according to the feeding sequence to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the feeding sequence is: according to the ammonium sulfate, the potassium sulfate, the magnesium chloride, the sodium sulfate, the sulfite Iron, the ferric sulfate, the calcium sulfate, the sodium gluconate, and the water-retaining agent are sequentially added in the order; Heat preservation and stirring: the mixed solution is obtained by heat preservation and stirring to obtain a permeable concrete binder. 4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the feeding and dissolving step, a stirring operation is performed after each addition of a raw material, and the stirring time is 10-50 min. 5. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in feeding dissolving step, successively described ammonium sulfate, described potassium sulfate, described magnesium chloride, described sodium sulfate, described ferrous sulfate, described In the process of adding ferric sulfate to water, each raw material is stirred until it is completely dissolved. 6 . The preparation method according to claim 3 , wherein, in the thermal insulation stirring step, the mixed solution is thermally stirred at a temperature of 60-85° C. 7 . 7 . The preparation method according to claim 3 , characterized in that, during the heat preservation and stirring, the mixed solution is continuously stirred for 40-60 hours. 8 .