CN107116772A - 一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺，塑料板包括上表面层、中间层和下表面层，中间层按照重量份计算由以下材料组成；聚氯乙烯50‑60份、碳酸钙30‑40份、发泡剂0.5份、稳定剂3‑5份、润滑剂2‑3份、聚苯颗粒3‑6份、珍珠岩粉4‑8份，聚氨酯10‑13份、磷酸二氢铵2‑5份、辅料2‑3份，上表层和下表层按照重量份计算由以下材料组成：耐热聚乙烯30‑40份、碳酸钙30‑35份、稳定剂5份、润滑剂3份、岩棉粉10‑13份、纳米氧化锌粉末4‑6份、银离子抗菌剂，云母粉2‑3份、辅料3‑5份；制备步骤包括配料、混料、加热挤料、冷却定型出板和对塑料板表面进行加工。本发明设计合理、生产步骤简单，采用本工艺生产出来的塑料地板连接紧密、使用寿命长、具有弹性舒适感较好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及底板生产技术，具体的说是一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺。
背景技术
木地板阻燃性较差，同时产期水泡容易滋生细菌实用寿命也会缩短，瓷砖比较重，同时在较重且较硬的物体从高处落下容易导致底板断裂，塑料地板质轻、防水、方便施工已成为人们首选装修材料，现有技术中大多数采用压合的技术生产，但是压合后的底板存在层与层之间连接不紧密，同时压合时会导致胶水外溢，需要清除外溢的胶水，使生产工艺较为繁琐，生产出的地板质量不高。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题本发明提供了一种塑料板三层共挤的生产工艺，一次性完成塑料板的生产。
为了达到上述目的本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
本发明是一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺，塑料板包括上表面层、中间层和下表面层，中间层按照重量份计算由以下材料组成；聚氯乙烯50-60份、碳酸钙30-40份、发泡剂0.5份、稳定剂3-5份、润滑剂2-3份、聚苯颗粒3-6份、珍珠岩粉4-8份，聚氨酯10-13份、磷酸二氢铵2-5份、辅料2-3份，上表层和下表层按照重量份计算由以下材料组成：耐热聚乙烯30-40份、碳酸钙30-35份、稳定剂5份、润滑剂3份、岩棉粉10-13份、纳米氧化锌粉末4-6份、银离子抗菌剂，云母粉2-3份、辅料3-5份；制备步骤如下：
（1）将中间层的材料与上、下表层的材料配好料后分开搅拌至混合均匀；
（2）将中间层的混合材料与上、下表层的混合材料分别放入口径为80和65 的双螺杆挤出机中加热挤出，挤出温度为150-160℃，挤出后进过分配器分配；
（3）分配均匀的混合材料进过鱼尾型出板模具中间部位被加热挤出成型；
（4）被挤出的塑料板直接进入定型模具中，在定型模具内进行水冷却，出模温度为常温，出模后根据尺寸要求进行切割；
（5）对切割后的塑料板表面进行清理，对清理干净的塑料板上表面进行镀膜形成镀膜层，镀膜层的厚度为0.5-2毫米，在对镀膜层进行蚀刻形成防滑纹。
本发明的进一步改进在于：辅料包括阻燃剂、增塑剂和抗老化剂。
本发明的进一步改进在于：步骤2中的双螺杆挤出机的转速为17r/min，双螺杆挤出机内共分为五个加热区，加热温度从第一区到第五区各区逐渐降低5℃。
本发明的进一步改进在于：混合材料从鱼尾型出板模具中间部位进入，鱼尾型出板模具内中间部位温度为170℃，两侧温度为200℃。
本发明的进一步改进在于：步骤4中的定型模具分为三节，每两节之间具有10厘米的空隙，每节的上模具和下模具之间的间隙逐渐减小。
本发明的进一步改进在于：上表层和下表层的厚度为2厘米，中间层厚度为3-4厘米。
本发明的有益效果是：口径为80的双螺杆挤出机对中间层的材料进行混合加热后挤入分配器中，口径为65的双螺杆挤出机对上表层和下表层的材料进行混合加热后挤入分配器中，经过分配器分配后进入鱼尾型出板模具形成三层塑料板，在经过定型模具冷却定型后形成成品的塑料板，一次成型不需要压合，三层一次成型，连接紧密。
本发明设计合理、生产步骤简单，采用本工艺生产出来的塑料地板连接紧密、使用寿命长、具有弹性舒适感较好。
具体实施方式
为了加强对本发明的理解，下面将对本发明作进一步的详细描述，该实施例仅用于解释本发明，并不对本发明的保护范围构成限定。
本发明是一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺，塑料板包括上表面层、中间层和下表面层，中间层按照重量份计算由以下材料组成；聚氯乙烯50-60份、碳酸钙30-40份、发泡剂0.5份、稳定剂3-5份、润滑剂2-3份、聚苯颗粒3-6份、珍珠岩粉4-8份，聚氨酯10-13份、磷酸二氢铵2-5份、辅料2-3份，上表层和下表层按照重量份计算由以下材料组成：耐热聚乙烯30-40份、碳酸钙30-35份、稳定剂5份、润滑剂3份、岩棉粉10-13份、纳米氧化锌粉末4-6份、银离子抗菌剂，云母粉2-3份、辅料3-5份；制备步骤如下：
（1）将中间层的材料与上、下表层的材料配好料后分开搅拌至混合均匀；
（2）将中间层的混合材料与上、下表层的混合材料分别放入口径为80和65 的双螺杆挤出机中加热挤出，挤出温度为150-160℃，挤出后进过分配器分配；
（3）分配均匀的混合材料进过鱼尾型出板模具中间部位被加热挤出成型；
（4）被挤出的塑料板直接进入定型模具中，在定型模具内进行水冷却，出模温度为常温，出模后根据尺寸要求进行切割；
（5）对切割后的塑料板表面进行清理，对清理干净的塑料板上表面进行镀膜形成镀膜层，镀膜层的厚度为0.5-2毫米，在对镀膜层进行蚀刻形成防滑纹；上表面和下表面为密实性板，中间层为发泡板，在上、下表面和中间层均具有抗菌性，发泡板能够使塑料板具有一定的弹性增加塑料板的舒适度，上表面和下表面采用了耐热聚乙烯使上表面在短时间内处于80℃下不会变形，同时在上、下表面和中间层均混有阻燃材料，能够防止塑料地板燃烧，步骤2中的双螺杆挤出机的转速为17r/min，双螺杆挤出机内共分为五个加热区，加热温度从第一区到第五区各区逐渐降低5℃，混合料从第一区到出料时间为1.5-2分钟，能够确保混合料被加热充分，双螺杆挤出机的端部通过连接头与分配器相连，出料时连接头的温度为150℃，使混合料在被挤入分配器内的温度不低于150℃，混合材料从鱼尾型出板模具中间部位进入，鱼尾型出板模具内中间部位温度为170℃，两侧温度为200℃，鱼尾型出板模具内设置有7个加热区，中间加热区温度为170℃，温度从中间加热区向两侧逐渐增加5℃，确保鱼尾型出板模具内的混合料能够加热充分。
本发明设计合理、生产步骤简单，采用本工艺生产出来的塑料地板连接紧密、使用寿命长、具有弹性舒适感较好。
Claims (6)
1.一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺，塑料板包括上表面层、中间层和下表面层，中间层按照重量份计算由以下材料组成；聚氯乙烯50-60份、碳酸钙30-40份、发泡剂0.5份、稳定剂3-5份、润滑剂2-3份、聚苯颗粒3-6份、珍珠岩粉4-8份，聚氨酯10-13份、磷酸二氢铵2-5份、辅料2-3份，上表层和下表层按照重量份计算由以下材料组成：耐热聚乙烯30-40份、碳酸钙30-35份、稳定剂5份、润滑剂3份、岩棉粉10-13份、纳米氧化锌粉末4-6份、银离子抗菌剂，云母粉2-3份、辅料3-5份；制备步骤如下：
（1）将中间层的材料与上、下表层的材料配好料后分开搅拌至混合均匀；
将中间层的混合材料与上、下表层的混合材料分别放入口径为80和65 的双螺杆挤出机中加热挤出，挤出温度为150-160℃，挤出后进过分配器分配；
分配均匀的混合材料进过鱼尾型出板模具中间部位被加热挤出成型；
被挤出的塑料板直接进入定型模具中，在定型模具内进行水冷却，出模温度为常温，出模后根据尺寸要求进行切割；
对切割后的塑料板表面进行清理，对清理干净的塑料板上表面进行镀膜形成镀膜层，镀膜层的厚度为0.5-2毫米，在对镀膜层进行蚀刻形成防滑纹。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺，其特征在于：所述辅料包括阻燃剂、增塑剂和抗老化剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺，其特征在于：步骤2中的双螺杆挤出机的转速为17r/min，双螺杆挤出机内共分为五个加热区，加热温度从第一区到第五区各区逐渐降低5℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺，其特征在于：混合材料从鱼尾型出板模具中间部位进入，鱼尾型出板模具内中间部位温度为170℃，两侧温度为200℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺，其特征在于：步骤4中的定型模具分为三节，每两节之间具有10厘米的空隙，每节的上模具和下模具之间的间隙逐渐减小。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种塑料板三层共挤制备工艺，其特征在于：所述上表层和下表层的厚度为2厘米，中间层厚度为3-4厘米。
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| CN110126228A (zh) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 安徽爱瑞特思新材料有限公司 | 塑木板的制造方法 |
| CN112373078A (zh) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 安徽韩华建材科技股份有限公司 | 一种复合型塑料地板加工方法 |
| CN114393859A (zh) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-26 | 山西实鼎科技发展有限公司 | 一种高分子改性塑料板的制备方法 |
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| CN115610052A (zh) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-01-17 | 惠州市笨鸟先飞光学材料有限公司 | 一种抗菌型塑料光学板材 |
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