CN107114618A - A kind of preparation of Penaeus Vannmei fermented feed and its application method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation and use method of fermented feed for Penaeus vannamei. The method is to separately expand and cultivate Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Candida utilis, and then mix them according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1, mix Add brown sugar (2g/1000mL) and tap water to the bacterial liquid, the ratio of the bacterial seed liquid to water is 1:80, mix evenly, feed with prawns, stir evenly according to the ratio of 2:5, and seal the fermentation with plastic film for 18‑28h. Made into fermented feed. The invention also provides a method for using the fermented feed. The fermented feed is fed to Penaeus vannamei once a day, and the feeding amount is 20-30% of the total daily feeding amount. The fermented feed prepared by the invention can significantly improve the activity of nitric oxide synthase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, phenoloxidase, glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity of prawns , Significantly reduce the malondialdehyde content. Significantly improve the composition of the intestinal flora of prawns, and significantly increase the survival rate of prawns.

Description

Preparation and application method of a fermented feed for Penaeus vannamei

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and in particular relates to the preparation and application method of fermented feed for Penaeus vannamei.

Background technique

Fermented feed is a biologically fermented feed that uses microorganisms as biological feed starter strains to convert feed materials into microbial cell protein, biologically active small peptide amino acids, and microbially active probiotics.

It has been more than 30 years since the introduction of Litopenaeus vannamei to China in the late 1980s. With the advancement of science and technology, the breeding density and intensification are getting higher and higher. The output of the product has promoted the development of the aquaculture industry; on the other hand, it has also brought about a serious problem that cannot be ignored-the deterioration of the aquaculture environment, coupled with the degradation of the excellent germplasm of prawns, has increased the susceptibility of the shrimp body to diseases , disease breeding, has become the biggest bottleneck restricting the development of the shrimp industry.

In order to control the raging diseases, antibiotics have been used in large quantities. Although they have achieved obvious effects at first, the long-term and uncontrolled abuse of antibiotics has brought a series of problems to animals themselves, farmed products and the environment. The disease-resistant methods of breeding disease-resistant varieties and modifying genetic material are still very immature. In addition, shrimp animals have formed a unique immune system during the long-term life evolution process, mainly based on non-heterosexual immunity, which can improve shrimp autoimmunity. The urgent need for human resources and resistance to infectious diseases has led people to pay more attention to the development of new feeds. A large number of experiments have proved that fermented feed has a significant effect in the prevention and control of animal diseases, and it has been widely used in aquaculture because of its safety, greenness and environmental protection.

Through searching, the following two published patent documents related to this patent application were found: 1. The present invention discloses a special microbial feed additive for Penaeus vannamei and its preparation method (CN201510726597.2), which belongs to the field of microbial additives. The preparation method is as follows: (1) sterilize corn flour, maltodextrin and seaweed powder with ultraviolet rays for 10 seconds; (2) mix corn flour, soybean flour, maltodextrin and seaweed powder evenly, add water and stir until it becomes a paste, gradually Heat to 80°C, add carrageenan, continue to stir, and keep warm at the same time to obtain a mixed masa; (3) add sodium caseinate, edible salt, vitamin C, nightshade fruit juice, amber to the mixed masa in step (2) Disodium acid and fish bone meal, and then add bacillus and nitrifying bacteria; stir for 5 minutes, squeeze the mixture into granules, and let it dry. 2. The present invention discloses a fermented feed for Litopenaeus vannamei and its production method (CN201611252298.0), which includes the following process steps: (1) First, the degreased rice bran is ultrafinely pulverized in an ultrafine pulverizer to reach a fineness of 80 meshes. (2) Brown sugar, baker's yeast, EM stoste, monobutyrin and the defatted rice bran that step (1) make are mixed uniformly by weight percentage; (3) the mixture that step (2) is made is transferred to sealed In an anaerobic environment, ferment at 20-37°C for 20-30 hours. Through comparison, the technical solutions and extraction objects of the above-mentioned published patent documents are substantially different from the present patent application, and the present patent application has novelty.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of preparation and using method of the Penaeus vannamei fermented feed aimed at the deficiencies of the prior art.

The present invention solves its technical problem and realizes by taking the following technical solutions:

A preparation method for Penaeus vannamei fermented feed, comprising steps as follows:

(1) prepare Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Candida utilis seed culture fluid;

(2) Inoculate the seed culture solution of Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Candida utilis into the culture medium respectively, expand the culture, and then mix according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1;

(3) Add tap water to the above mixed bacteria solution according to the ratio of bacteria solution: water 1:80-100 and mix evenly, then add brown sugar according to the concentration of 2g/1000mL, and then mix it with prawn compound feed according to the ratio of 2:5 Stir evenly, seal and ferment with a plastic film for 18-28 hours to obtain the fermented feed.

Moreover, in the step (2), the bacillus licheniformis medium is seawater 2216 agar medium; the plantarum lactobacillus medium is MRS medium;

Moreover, during the fermentation process of the step (3), the temperature is controlled within the range of 25-33°C.

A method for using the above-mentioned fermented feed for Penaeus vannamei, wherein the fermented feed for Penaeus vannamei is fed to Penaeus vannamei once a day, and the feeding amount is 20-30% of the total daily feeding amount.

Advantage and positive effect of the present invention are:

1. The present invention solves severe disease problems in the culture process of Penaeus vannamei through microbial technology. Specifically, it utilizes highly efficient microorganisms, metabolites and feed degradation active substances to rapidly multiply and strengthen the shrimp body after entering the digestive tract of the prawns. Immunity, improve the survival rate of farmed animals, and reduce the incidence of diseases.

2. The beneficial bacteria excreted from the intestinal tract of prawns can also quickly decompose organic matter such as animal excrement, residual bait, and biological residues in the aquaculture water into carbon dioxide, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, etc., and promote single-celled algae. Grow and provide oxygen for breeding objects. Reciprocating in this way, a benign ecological cycle is formed, which balances the bacteria phase and algae phase of the farmed animals and creates a good water quality environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the effect diagram of fermented feed on the survival rate of Penaeus vannamei in example 1;

Fig. 2 is the effect diagram of fermented feed on the survival rate of Penaeus vannamei in example 2;

Fig. 3 is an effect diagram of the effect of fermented feed on the survival rate of Penaeus vannamei in Example 3.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below: It should be emphasized that the embodiments of the present invention are illustrative rather than limiting, so the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific implementation methods. Other implementations obtained by those skilled in the art according to the technical solution of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A preparation method for fermented feed for Penaeus vannamei and a method for using the same, comprising the following steps:

(1) Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Candida utilis were respectively expanded and cultured, and then mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1, brown sugar (2g/1000mL) and tap water were added to the mixed bacterial solution, and the bacterial seed solution was mixed with The ratio of water is 1:80, mixed evenly, mixed with prawn compound feed, according to the ratio of 2:5, stirred evenly, plastic film sealed and fermented for 22 hours, and the fermentation temperature is 28°C to make fermented feed.

(2) Feed the fermented feed made to Penaeus vannamei once a day, and the feeding amount is 20-30% of the total daily feeding amount, and the survival rate of the prawn culture is increased by 15.62%, as shown in Figure 1 .

Example 2

A preparation method for fermented feed for Penaeus vannamei and a method for using the same, comprising the following steps:

(1) Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Candida utilis were respectively expanded and cultured, and then mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1, brown sugar (2g/1000mL) and tap water were added to the mixed bacterial solution, and the bacterial seed solution was mixed with The ratio of water is 1:80, mixed evenly, mixed with prawn compound feed, according to the ratio of 2:5, stirred evenly, plastic film sealed and fermented for 24 hours, and the fermentation temperature is 30°C to make fermented feed.

(2) Feed the fermented feed made to Penaeus vannamei once a day, and the feeding amount is 20-30% of the total daily feeding amount, and the survival rate of the prawn culture is increased by 16.15%, as shown in Figure 2.

Example 3

A preparation method for fermented feed for Penaeus vannamei and a method for using the same, comprising the following steps:

(1) Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Candida utilis were respectively expanded and cultured, and then mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1, brown sugar (2g/1000mL) and tap water were added to the mixed bacterial solution, and the bacterial seed solution was mixed with The ratio of water is 1:80, mixed evenly, mixed with prawn compound feed, according to the ratio of 2:5, stirred evenly, plastic film sealed and fermented for 20 hours, and the fermentation temperature is 30°C to make fermented feed.

(2) Feed the fermented feed made to Penaeus vannamei once a day, and the feeding amount is 20-30% of the total daily feeding amount, and the survival rate of the prawn culture is increased by 16.07%, as shown in Figure 3 .

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of Penaeus Vannmei fermented feed, it is characterised in that as follows including step：

(1) bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum and candida utili seed culture fluid are prepared；

(2) bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum and candida utili seed culture fluid are inoculated into culture medium respectively, expanded Big culture, then according to volume ratio 1：1：1 mixing；

(3) add running water for 1 ﹕ 80-100 ratio according to Jun Zhong Ye ﹕ water in above-mentioned mixed bacteria liquid to be well mixed, then press Concentration according to 2g/1000mL adds brown sugar, is then stirred again with prawn mixed feed according to 2 ﹕ 5 ratio, plastic sheeting Sealing and fermenting 18-28h, obtains the fermented feed.

2. the preparation method of Penaeus Vannmei fermented feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (2) Middle bacillus licheniformis culture medium is the agar medium of seawater 2216；Lactobacillus plantarum culture medium is MRS culture mediums；Produce the false silk of Ruan Yeast starter culture medium is malt extract medium.

3. the preparation method of Penaeus Vannmei fermented feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (3) Fermentation process in, temperature control is in the range of 25-33 DEG C.

4. a kind of application method of Penaeus Vannmei fermented feed as described in power 1, it is characterised in that：By the Penaeus Vannmei Fermented feed feeds Penaeus Vannmei, once a day, and feeding volume is the 20-30% of day total feeding volume.