CN107114231A - A kind of selection of the red skin red meat color potato of precocious high nutrition - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breeding early-maturing, high-nutrition, red-skinned, red-fleshed, colored potatoes. The method comprises the following steps: selecting high-quality, early-maturing, high-yielding, and widely adaptable potato varieties with high anthocyanins, polyphenols, etc. through sexual crossbreeding. High-antioxidant potato color variety hybridization, single-plant system selection, multi-year field evaluation of asexual generations, screening of tuber skin and flesh color in early segregation generations, and screening of agronomic traits, yield traits, maturity and other traits of high-generation lines , and bred a new red-skinned red-fleshed early-maturing potato variety with excellent agronomic properties, rich in antioxidant active substances, and a maturity period of 65 days. Its quality is excellent, steamed food has a delicate fragrance, delicate taste, dry matter content of 19.3%, starch content of 13.6%, high anthocyanin content, polyphenols and antioxidant activity of 800‑1100 mg/kg. The potatoes cultivated by the invention enrich the varieties of colored potatoes and expand the planting area of colored potatoes.

Description

Breeding method for early-maturing high-nutrition red-skinned red-fleshed colored potatoes

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular relates to a breeding method for early-maturing high-nutrition red-skinned red-fleshed colorful potatoes.

Background technique

Potato is an important food crop in the world, ranking fourth after wheat, rice and corn. However, my country's potato planting area and total output rank first in the world, and it has an important strategic position in food security. Judging from the varieties of potatoes bred in the world, most of them are ordinary white or yellow varieties, with very few red skin and red meat, and they are hardly seen in the market. The research on colored potatoes in my country has just started. Most of the individual colored potatoes seen in the market are purple imported varieties, and there are very few original varieties with independent intellectual property rights. And the color potato that existing foreign country introduces all is the late-maturing variety with long maturation period. Foreign varieties are not strong in stress resistance, poor in adaptability, and extremely low in yield, which cannot meet the needs of the domestic market and production. Therefore, there is an urgent need to breed a batch of species with independent intellectual property rights, good quality, high yield, and early maturity, which are suitable for our country. New varieties of high-quality colored potatoes grown in different ecological zones.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of breeding method of early-maturing red-skinned red-fleshed colorful potato, which is a kind of early-maturing, high-quality potato which is bred through sexual cross breeding between varieties, single-plant system selection, and multi-year field evaluation of asexual generations. The potato flesh is red, the maturity period is about 65 days, the anthocyanin content is as high as 265mg/kg, the polyphenol content is as high as 826mg/kg fresh weight, and the antioxidant activity is 1080mg/kg. It is suitable for anthocyanin and whole powder processing red skin Breeding methods of red-fleshed colored potatoes.

Its specific technical plan is:

A method for breeding early-maturing high-nutrition red-skinned red-fleshed colored potatoes, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Select a red-skinned and red-fleshed potato line ACP1851 with excellent comprehensive properties as the female parent and a red potato line ACP1691 as the male parent for crossing to construct a color potato hybrid breeding segregation population.

Step 2. Color selection and identification of early tubers in G0 and G1; sow the prepared hybrid combination potato seeds in flower pots in the greenhouse for about 60 days, harvest small tubers from a single plant, wash and remove the soil, take the tubers and cut them into pieces. Open, inspect the color of potato skin and potato flesh.

Step 3, the G1 generation is selected for maturity stage and agronomic traits in multiple locations. In the G1 generation, the focus is on screening the lines with a maturity period of 40-80 days, and the lines that are not deep in appearance but have good agronomic shape or high appearance can be backcrossed.

Step 4, G2 selected individual plants for comprehensive identification in the field, select individual plants with moderate plant type, good tuber formation, high yield, good color, good quality, maturity period of 40-80 days, and excellent comprehensive properties, and carry out the third year Strain selection.

Step 5. Comprehensive evaluation and identification: In the breeding and selection field, identify the yield, agronomic traits, quality and color of potato pieces of the selected strains, and obtain a new color and high-nutrition red-skinned red meat strain with excellent comprehensive properties. The strains were tested for quality, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity.

Further, the G0 generation described in step 2 selects individuals with red skin and potato flesh from more than a thousand plants with red skin and red meat, purple skin and white meat, red skin and white meat, light red, dark red, etc. Shaped red-skinned red-fleshed potatoes with the same skin color and flesh-colored, early-maturing high-nutrition red-skinned red-fleshed colored potatoes with uniform potato shape.

Further, the cultivated early-maturing colored potatoes are red-skinned and red-fleshed, and the potato shape is round, ellipse or long ellipse. The leaf and stem thickness is 0.6-1.4cm, the plant height is 50-60cm, the anthocyanin content is 265mg/kg fresh weight, the polyphenol content is 800-1000mg/kg fresh weight, and the anthocyanin content is more than 3 times higher than that of the common control variety , the antioxidant activity reached 1080mg/kg.

Furthermore, the mature period of the cultivated early-maturing red-skinned red-fleshed colored potatoes is about 65 days, which is more than 30 days earlier than that of the common control variety. The number of potatoes per plant is 5-15, and the weight of a single potato is 50g-200g.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention:

In the present invention, high-quality and high-yield potato strains are respectively hybridized with high-anthocyanidin, polyphenol and other high-antioxidant potato color varieties, and the screening of tuber skin and meat color is carried out through early separation generations, and the agronomic traits and yield of high-generation strains are selected. Characters and maturity period screening, and bred a new early-maturing potato variety with red skin and red flesh that has excellent agronomic properties, rich in antioxidant active substances, and a maturity period of 60-70 days. The early-maturing red-skinned and red-fleshed potatoes cultivated by the invention greatly enrich the variety of colored potatoes and expand the planting area of colored potatoes.

detailed description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

A method for breeding early-maturing high-nutrition red-skinned red-fleshed colored potatoes, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, select a red-skinned and red-fleshed potato line ACP1851 with excellent comprehensive properties as the female parent and a red potato line ACP1691 as the male parent for hybridization to construct a color potato hybrid segregation population;

Step 2. Carry out early color selection and identification of potato pieces in the G0 generation, sow the prepared hybrid combination potato seeds in flower pots in the greenhouse, harvest small potatoes from individual plants, wash and remove the soil, cut the small potatoes, and inspect the potato skins and potato meat color;

Step 3. The G1 generation selects the maturation period and agronomic traits in multiple locations and locations; the G1 generation focuses on screening the strains with a maturity period of 40-80 days, and the lines that are not deep in appearance but have good agronomic shape or high appearance. make a backcross;

Step 4: G2 selected individual plants for comprehensive identification in the field, select individual plants with moderate plant type, good tuber formation, high yield, good color, good quality, maturity period of 50-70 days, and excellent comprehensive properties, and carry out the third year strain selection;

Step 5. Comprehensive evaluation and identification: Identify the yield, agronomic traits, quality and tuber color of the selected strains of G3 in the breeding and selection field to obtain a new color and high-nutrition strain with excellent comprehensive properties. Determination of quality, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity.

Carry out early color selection and identification of potato cubes for the G0 generation described in step 2, and carry out early color screening of potato cubes 60 days after sowing. Among the different types of dark red and dark red, choose the individual whose skin color and flesh color are all red.

The G1 generation described in step 3 is selected for multi-point maturity and agronomic traits, specifically: the new line of breeding has round to oval tubers, red skin and red meat, smooth skin, and the weight of a single potato is 50g-200g. Neat; many and shallow bud eyes, concentrated tubers; semi-glossy young buds with narrow cylindrical base, dark red; blunt top, reddish purple, with many hairs.

In step 5, the G3 is identified in the breeding and breeding field for the yield, agronomic traits, quality and tuber color of the selected strains, specifically: the agronomic traits of the selected strains have developed plant type and few branches; the plant height is 50 -60 cm; stem green with purple; leaves green, hairy, large compound leaves, leaf margins flat, oval, 3-4 pairs of side leaflets; corolla white; plants resistant to late blight, tubers susceptible to mosaic virus disease and leaf curl virus disease; extremely drought-resistant and barren-resistant; the number of tubers per plant is 5-15, and the weight of a single tuber is 50g-200g; the yield per mu is 1500-3000 kg.

The determination of the quality, anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity of the selected strains/strains of G3 described in step 5 is specifically: the steamed food of the selected new strains has a delicate taste and delicate taste; the dry matter content is 19.3%, and the starch content is 19.3%. 13.6%, the anthocyanin content is 265mg/kg fresh weight, the polyphenol content is 826mg/kg fresh weight, the anthocyanin content is more than 3 times higher than that of the common control variety, and the antioxidant active substance content reaches 1080mg/kg.

The ripening period of the early-maturing red-skinned red-fleshed colorful potatoes cultivated by the invention is about 65 days, which is more than 30 days earlier than that of common control varieties. The number of potatoes per plant is 5-15, and the weight of a single potato is 50g-200g.

The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can obviously obtain the simplicity of the technical solution. Changes or equivalent replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of selection of the red skin red meat color potato of precocious high nutrition, it is characterised in that including following operating procedure：

Step 1, the potato strain ACP1851 from the excellent red skin red meat of a Comprehensive Traits are used as a maternal and laterite Beans strain ACP1691 is hybridized as male parent, builds color potato cenospecies segregating population；

Step 2, the selection of potato wedge color and identification for carrying out early stage from generation to generation to G0, the cross combination potato seed of preparation is sowed In the flowerpot in greenhouse, individual plant harvests small potato, washes off soil, takes small potato to cut, and investigates potato skin and potato meat color；

Step 3, G1 carry out multiple spot many ground maturity period and economical character selection from generation to generation；G1 generations emphasis screens the maturity period in 40-80 It strain, and not deep to its face value, but agronomic shape is good or face value is high is returned again；

Step 4, G2 are selected in individual plant and carry out field comprehensive identification, and selection plant type is moderate, and knot potato is good, and yield is high, and color is good, quality Excellent, the maturity period, the excellent individual plant of Comprehensive Traits carried out strain competition in the 3rd year at 50-70 days；

Step 5, overall merit identification：Yield, economical character, quality and potato wedge are carried out to selected strains in breeding seed selection field to G3 Color is identified, obtains the excellent colored high nutrition new lines of Comprehensive Traits, and being selected in strain/strain to G3 carries out quality, flower Blue or green cellulose content, the measure of antioxidation activity.

2. the selection of the red skin red meat color potato of precocity high nutrition as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step The potato wedge color for carrying out early stage from generation to generation to G0 described in 2 selects and identified that sowing carries out potato wedge early stage color sieve after 60 days Choosing, selects potato skin potato meat in the red skin red meats of Dai Zhongcong, purple skin plain boiled pork, red skin and white flesh, pale red, dark red different type after hybridization Color of the leather is consistent for complete red individual with yellowish pink.

3. the selection of the red skin red meat color potato of precocity high nutrition as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step G1 described in 3 carries out multiple spot many ground maturity period and economical character selection from generation to generation, is specially：The new lines stem tuber circle educated is to oval Shape, red skin red meat, epidermis is smooth, and single potato focuses on 50g-200g, neatly；Of more buds and shallow, knot potato is concentrated；Half photoproduction young shoot base portion Narrow cylinder, peony；Top obtuse, reddish violet, fine hair is more.

4. the selection of the red skin red meat color potato of precocity high nutrition as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step Being identified in breeding seed selection field selected strains progress yield, economical character, quality and potato wedge color G3 described in 5, Specially：The new lines economical character plant type of seed selection is carried out, branch is few；50-60 centimetres of plant height；Stem greenbelt purple；Leaf green, it is fine and soft Mao Duo, compound leaf is larger, and leaf margin is open and flat, oval, 3-4 pairs of side leaflet；Corolla white；Plant moderate resistance late blight, stem tuber easy infection Mosaic virus and leaf curl viral disease；Pole drought resisting, impoverishment tolerant；Individual plant knot potato number 5-15, single potato focuses on 50g-200g；Per mu yield 1500-3000 kilograms.

5. the selection of the red skin red meat color potato of precocity high nutrition as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step Strain/the strain that is selected in G3 described in 5 carries out quality, anthocyanidin content, and the measure of antioxidation activity is specially：Seed selection New lines steamed wheaten foods samples delicate fragrance, delicate mouthfeel；Dry matter content 19.3%, content of starch 13.6%, anthocyanidin content 265mg/ Kg fresh weights, polyphenol content 826mg/kg fresh weights, its anthocyanidin content is higher than normal control kind more than 3 times, antioxidation activity thing Matter content reaches 1080mg/kg.