CN107101569B - Device and method for measuring magnetic center of vibrating wire of fixed magnet - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring magnetic center of vibrating wire of fixed magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN107101569B CN107101569B CN201710354648.2A CN201710354648A CN107101569B CN 107101569 B CN107101569 B CN 107101569B CN 201710354648 A CN201710354648 A CN 201710354648A CN 107101569 B CN107101569 B CN 107101569B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the magnetic center of a vibrating wire with a fixed magnet, belonging to the field of measurement of magnets used in accelerators. The device includes: the device comprises a supporting base, a translation table, a rotating shaft, a wire supporting frame, a reference point of a wire, a conductive wire, a photoelectric pair tube, a signal generator and an oscilloscope. During measurement, the magnet to be measured is placed on the supporting base, and the conducting wire penetrates through the aperture of the magnet to be measured and is adjusted to be positioned approximately in the middle of the aperture of the magnet to be measured; opening a signal generator to enable alternating current to flow through the conductive wire to form a loop, outputting a vibration signal of the conductive wire by using a photoelectric geminate transistor, and measuring to obtain a position coordinate of a reference point of the wire at the moment when the vibration signal is minimum; and rotating the conductive wire, repeating the operation, obtaining the new position coordinate of the reference point of the wire when the vibration signal is minimum again, and finally calculating to obtain the magnetic center coordinate of the magnet to be measured. The invention does not need to move or rotate the magnet to be detected, and has wider applicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fields of measurement of magnet used in accelerator, and in particular in a kind of vibrating-wire magnetic of fixed magnet
Heart measuring device and method.
Background technique
Quadrupole electromagnet can form the magnetic field of linear distribution inside its aperture, be common concentrating element in accelerator.
The measurement of quadrupole electromagnet magnetic center is essential in accelerator art, usually require to make in magnet alignment magnetic center with
Standard particle track is overlapped to guarantee that beam path is unaffected, thus very high to the installation site required precision of magnet.Line
When passing through magnetic center, since magnetic field is equal to 0, lateral deflection power not will receive.If line deviates the magnetic center of quadrupole electromagnet, it
By by an additional Dipole magnet field deviation power, beam path is influenced.Magnetic center position mechanically can not directly measure, and need
By the measurement of other means guidance could be provided for alignment.Under normal circumstances, measurement needs to obtain magnetic center relative to magnetic
The position of iron mechanical structure symmetrical centre (abbreviation machine center), according to the status requirement of magnetic center when installation, according to measurement knot
Fruit calculates the target location coordinate of machine center, then magnet alignment to required position.In addition to quadrupole electromagnet,
The magnetic center that the multipole magnets such as sextupole or octupole also have a magnetic field to be equal to 0.
Current high-precision magnetic center measurement method generally uses rotating coil method and three-dimensional hall probe bayonet point.Rotation
Coil method mainly restores magnetic field configuration by Fourier analysis.Coil transfers from a team to another in quadrupole electromagnet aperture inward turning and generates induction electric
Gesture can restore the form of appearance for Fourier analysis is carried out after this electric signal integral, and make magnetic center position.Rotating coil
Subtraction unit is complicated, and in order to guarantee that high-precision often needs huge lathe customized, cost is very high.Three-dimensional hall probe bayonet point is one
Kind method measured directly, mainly carries out magnetic field using the magnetic induction intensity in hall probe point-to-point measurement magnet aperture
Reduction, and then obtain magnetic center position.This method is very high to hardware requirement dependent on high-precision mechanical and survey magnetic equipment.
And since hall probe is difficult to be made very small, magnet aperture also there are certain requirements.
Patent 201410298169X proposes a kind of rotary magnetic center measurement method based on silk.This method utilizes silk
The characteristics of resonance, is overlapped the equivalent center of conductive filament with magnetic center high-precision, and the method by rotating magnet to be measured measures magnetic
The specific location at center.But since this method needs to rotate magnet to be measured, small-sized permanent magnet still can be applied easily；And
For in accelerator installation through frequently with large-scale quadrupole electromagnet and with the electric quadrupole magnet of water route circuit, due to being inconvenient to revolve
Turn, the applicability of this method is restricted.
The conventional instrument for measuring mechanical position coordinates has three-coordinate instrument and laser tracker etc., this quasi-instrument can pass through survey
Amount magnet shape obtains the position coordinates of magnet machine center, also can direct datum mark position coordinates, but can not survey
Measure sightless magnetic center position.Three-coordinate instrument obtains measured point in three dimensions by the method that prill is directly touched
Position coordinates, laser tracker then uses laser target ball and tested point contact, using laser measurement laser target ball in three-dimensional space
Between in position coordinates, further conversion obtain the position coordinates of measured point in three dimensions.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the shortcomings to overcome prior art, propose a kind of vibrating-wire magnetic center of fixed magnet
Measuring device and method.It is multiple that the present invention solves device in the measurement method of existing quadrupole electromagnet or multipole magnet magnetic center
It is miscellaneous, high to hardware requirement, need to carry out the series of technical such as magnet rotation to be measured, the present invention is not required to carry out magnet to be measured
Rotation process has wider applicability.
A kind of vibrating-wire magnetic center measuring device of fixed magnet proposed by the present invention characterized by comprising branch support group
Seat, translation stage, rotary shaft, silk support frame, the datum mark of silk, conductive filament, photoelectric tube, signal generator and oscillograph；It is described
Support base is located on firm platform, and translation stage, magnet to be measured and photoelectric tube are sequentially placed in support base；It is described flat
Moving stage connects rotary shaft, one end of rotary shaft connecting filament support frame；The datum mark of the silk is fixed on a support frame；It is described to lead
Electrical filament both ends are straightened by the tensioning of silk support frame, and conductive filament both ends pass through lead connection signal generator；The conductive filament is in the z-direction
Magnet and photoelectric tube to be measured are sequentially passed through, and magnet length l to be measured is much smaller than conductive filament length L；The photoelectric tube is positive
It hands over and places, connect oscillograph.
The vibrating-wire magnetic center measurement method of a kind of fixed magnet proposed by the present invention, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
1) magnet to be measured is adjusted, it is consolidated and is placed in support base, enabling magnet aperture to be measured direction is the direction z, to
Surveying position coordinates of the magnet magnetic center in xoy plane is measurement target, is denoted as (x2,y2)；
2) it is tensioned conductive filament using silk support frame, and conductive filament is passed through to the aperture of magnet to be measured in the z-direction；
3) it is made to be located substantially at magnet opening to be measured respectively in the position in the direction x and the direction y adjustment conductive filament using translation stage
In the middle part of diameter；
4) opening signal generator, makes alternating current flow through conductive filament forming circuit, and the conductive filament for being connected with alternating current exists
Forced vibration occurs due to by Lorentz force in magnetic field；When the frequency of electric current and the first order resonance frequency of conductive filament are identical, magnet
It is located in the middle part of conductive filament in a z-direction, when magnet length l is much smaller than conductive filament length L, the amplitude of conductive filament and magnet to be measured
Magnetic field is directly proportional along the integrated value of conductive filament；
5) conductive filament is monitored respectively in the Oscillation Amplitude in the direction x and the direction y, light using the photoelectric tube that a pair of orthogonal is placed
Electricity converts voltage signal output, referred to as vibration signal for conductive filament change in location in its sensitive volume to pipe；
6) conductive filament is translated in xoy plane, conductive filament more levels off to magnetic center, and the vibration signal of conductive filament output is got over
It is small；When the equivalent center of conductive filament is overlapped with the magnetic center of magnet to be measured, the vibration signal of conductive filament reaches minimum, uses survey
Measuring appratus measures the datum mark of the silk position coordinates in xoy plane at this time, is denoted as (x3,y3)；
7) conductive filament is rotated into 180 degree around z-axis, position coordinates of the magnet to be measured in xoy plane remain unchanged；After rotation
The equivalent center of conductive filament is no longer overlapped with the magnetic center of magnet to be measured, and the position of the datum mark of silk is also changed, rotation
The another side of magnet to be measured is arrived；
8) step 3) is repeated to step 6), is overlapped the equivalent center of conductive filament again with magnetic center, measurement obtains at this time
Silk datum mark in xoy plane in new position coordinates, be denoted as (x4,y4)；
9) datum mark of the silk respectively obtained according to step 6) and step 8) calculates to be measured in two groups of coordinates of different location
The magnetic center of magnet in xoy plane in position coordinates, expression formula is as follows:
Above-mentioned formula is solved, the magnetic center position coordinates (x of magnet to be measured is obtained2,y2)。
The features of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
The present invention solves how to export and measures magnetic center coordinate while retaining vibrating-wire method high sensitivity characteristic
The problem of.Magnet to be measured usually has different sizes, size, shape, is different from patent 201410298169X, the present invention is not
Rotation process need to be carried out to magnet to be measured, there is wider applicability.It especially can adapt in the quadrupole for being inconvenient to rotate
The measurement of magnet magnetic center, such as the large-scale quadrupole electromagnet being widely used in accelerator installation and the electric quadrupole magnetic with water route circuit
Iron.Meanwhile other multipole magnets for magnetic center magnetic field equal to 0, it can be measured using the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the measuring device structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the measurement method of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure, 1- support base, 2- translation stage, 3- rotary shaft, 4- support frames, 5- datum marks, 6- conductive filament, 7-
Quadrupole electromagnet to be measured, 8- photoelectric tube, 9- signal generator, 10- oscillograph.
Specific embodiment
The vibrating-wire magnetic center measuring device and method of a kind of fixed magnet proposed by the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing and have
That the present invention is described in more detail is as follows for body embodiment.
The embodiment of the present invention is by taking quadrupole electromagnet as an example；The device of the invention and method can also be applied to number of poles be greater than etc.
Any one in 4 multipole magnet
A kind of vibrating-wire magnetic center measuring device of fixed magnet proposed by the present invention, example structure schematic diagram such as Fig. 1
It is shown, comprising: support base 1, translation stage 2, rotary shaft 3, silk support frame 4, the datum mark 5 of silk, conductive filament 6, photoelectric tube 8,
Signal generator 9 and oscillograph 10.The support base 1 is located on firm experiment porch, is sequentially placed in support base 1
Translation stage 2, quadrupole electromagnet to be measured 7 and photoelectric tube 8；The translation stage 2 connects rotary shaft 3,3 connecting filament support frame 4 of rotary shaft
One end；The datum mark 5 of the silk is fixed on a support frame 4；6 both ends of conductive filament are straightened by the tensioning of silk support frame 4, are led
6 both ends of electrical filament pass through lead connection signal generator 9；The conductive filament 6 sequentially passes through quadrupole electromagnet 7 and light to be measured in the z-direction
Electricity is to pipe 8；The photoelectric tube 8 is orthogonally located, connection oscillograph 10.
When work, quadrupole electromagnet 7 to be measured is placed in support base 1, the magnetic center of the quadrupole electromagnet 7 to be measured is substantially
It is invisible in the middle part of its field region；The translation stage 2 drive rotary shaft 3, silk support frame 4, silk datum mark 5 and conductive filament 6
The associated movement in xoy plane；Rotary shaft 3 drives silk support frame 4, the datum mark 5 of silk and conductive filament 6 to rotate jointly around z-axis；Institute
A support frame 4 is stated to support conductive filament 6, its holding is made to tighten tensional state；The datum mark 5 of the silk is fixed on a support frame
On 4, its position coordinates in xoy plane can be accurately measured, and be fixed with the relative positional relationship of conductive filament 6, to mark
The change in location of conductive filament 6；The conductive filament 6 sequentially passes through quadrupole electromagnet 7 and photoelectric tube 8 to be measured, conductive filament 6 in the z-direction
To be overlapped with the magnetic center of quadrupole electromagnet 7 to be measured, it is conductive by determining the characteristics of Lorentz force in magnetic field to use the power on conducting wire
The coincidence status of silk and magnetic center；The photoelectric tube 8 is fixed in support base 1, to measure the vibrational state of conductive filament.
The signal generator 9 is used to provide the driving current of about 80mA for conductive filament；The oscillograph 10 is for measuring photoelectric tube 8
The conductive filament vibration signal of output.
A kind of vibrating-wire magnetic center measurement method of fixed magnet proposed by the present invention, flow diagram is as shown in Fig. 2, include
Following steps:
1) quadrupole electromagnet to be measured is adjusted, it is consolidated and is placed in support base, enabling quadrupole electromagnet aperture to be measured direction is z
Direction, position coordinates of the quadrupole electromagnet magnetic center to be measured in xoy plane are measurement target, are denoted as (x2,y2)；
Position coordinates of the quadrupole electromagnet machine center to be measured in xoy plane in xoy plane are measured using measuring instrument, are remembered
For (x1,y1)；Conventional three-coordinate instrument or laser tracker, the measuring instrument that the present embodiment uses can be used in the measuring instrument
For Lycra AT401 laser tracker；
2) it is tensioned conductive filament using silk support frame, and conductive filament is passed through to the aperture of quadrupole electromagnet to be measured in the z-direction；This reality
The CuBe silk of the example conductive filament material selection diameter 0.125mm is applied, the conductive filament electric conductivity is good, not easy to break；Entirely
Silk support frame is driven by rotary shaft, can be rotated around the direction z；
3) it is made to be located substantially at quadrupole magnetic to be measured respectively in the position in the direction x and the direction y adjustment conductive filament using translation stage
In the middle part of iron aperture；
4) opening signal generator, makes alternating current flow through conductive filament forming circuit, and the conductive filament for being connected with alternating current exists
Forced vibration occurs due to by Lorentz force in magnetic field.When the frequency of electric current and the first order resonance frequency of conductive filament are identical, and magnetic
Iron is located in the middle part of conductive filament on conductive filament length direction, and magnet length l is much smaller than (remote small in the present invention when conductive filament length L
In meaning be that magnet length is less than the 1/10 of conductive filament length, i.e. l < L/10), the amplitude of conductive filament and quadrupole electromagnet to be measured
Magnetic field is directly proportional along the integrated value of conductive filament.The sectional dimension of conductive filament be can not ignore under experimental precision, and silk is on cross section
Suffered resultant force, can be equivalent to some stress on conductive filament, the position of resultant force suffered by this conductive filament be known as conductive filament etc.
Effect center.It is provable in the case where conductive filament is uniform in material, the equivalent center of conductive filament is located at cross section geometric center.In conjunction with
The equivalent center deviation magnetic center of the characteristics of quadrupole electromagnet linear magnetic field, conductive filament are remoter, and magnetic field is bigger, and conductive filament amplitude is got over
Greatly；And amplitude is minimum when the equivalent center of conductive filament passes through magnetic center just.
Here with the characteristic of resonance, the equivalent center of conductive filament is overlapped with magnetic center high-precision.
5) conductive filament is monitored respectively in the Oscillation Amplitude in the direction x and the direction y using the photoelectric tube that a pair of orthogonal is placed.Light
Electricity can convert conductive filament change in location in its sensitive volume to voltage signal output, referred to as vibration signal to pipe；Photoelectric tube
The length of sensitive volume is generally much smaller than conductive filament length, photoelectric tube can measure conductive filament fall in it is a bit of in its sensitive area
Motion conditions, i.e. motion conditions of conductive filament part；The present embodiment observes the vibration signal using ordinary oscilloscope.
6) conductive filament is translated in xoy plane, conductive filament more levels off to magnetic center, and the vibration signal of conductive filament is smaller.It leads
The suffered resultant force of electrical filament determines by the magnetic induction intensity at its cross section equivalent center, equivalent center position in section fix but
Specific coordinate is not easy directly to measure.When the equivalent center of conductive filament is overlapped with the magnetic center of quadrupole electromagnet to be measured, conductive filament
Vibration signal reaches minimum, obtains the datum mark of the silk position coordinates in xoy plane at this time using measuring instrument measurement, is denoted as
(x3,y3).Three-coordinate instrument or laser tracker can be used in the measuring instrument.
7) conductive filament is rotated into 180 degree around z-axis, position coordinates of the quadrupole electromagnet to be measured in laboratory coordinate system are kept not
Become.The rotation can be carried out around the axis for being arbitrarily parallel to z.The change in location of conductive filament, rotation are resulted in due to rotating at this time
The equivalent center of conductive filament is no longer overlapped with the magnetic center of quadrupole electromagnet to be measured afterwards, and the position of the datum mark of silk is also become
Change, has rotated to the another side of quadrupole electromagnet to be measured.
8) step step 3) is repeated to step 6), is overlapped the equivalent center of conductive filament again with magnetic center, measurement obtains
New position coordinates of the datum mark of silk in xoy plane at this time, are denoted as (x4,y4)；
9) datum mark of the silk respectively obtained according to step 6) and step 8) calculates to be measured in two groups of coordinates of different location
Position coordinates of the magnetic center of quadrupole electromagnet in xoy plane, expression formula are as follows:
Above-mentioned formula is solved, the magnetic center position coordinates (x of quadrupole electromagnet to be measured is obtained2,y2)。
The principle of the invention:
For the measurement for realizing magnetic center relative position, this method mainly includes two technical points:
1, conductive filament equivalent center and magnetic center is made to coincide；
2, the position coordinates of conductive filament equivalent center are determined；
Specifically:
1, conductive filament equivalent center is overlapped with magnetic center:
The field regions of magnet to be measured are passed through using the conductive filament for being connected with electric signal, then the conductive filament can be in magnetic field Lorentz force
Under the action of forced vibration.And magnetic field is 0 at magnetic center, the forced vibration of silk obtains minimum value.
Both ends fix and the conductive filament that is tensioned there are the resonance mode of standing wave form, exciting currents identical with resonant frequency
The resonance of silk can be caused.The utilization of resonance is so that the position resolution that is overlapped with magnetic center of the equivalent center of silk is very high (~1 μm).
2, the position coordinates of conductive filament equivalent center are determined:
In xoy plane, the mechanical center position of magnet and the reference point location of silk can be obtained directly (such as by position measurement
Using laser tracker, three-coordinate instrument etc.)；Magnetic center position and the equivalent center position of conductive filament but cannot directly measure
It arrives, therefore determines its position using following scheme:
Keep magnet motionless in xoy plane, position of the magnetic center in xoy plane can be obtained by being divided into 3 steps:
(1) conductive filament equivalent center is overlapped with magnetic center, and mechanical center position (x at this time is measured in xoy plane1,y1)
With the reference point location (x of silk3,y3)
(2) rotary conductive silk 180 degree
(3) it is overlapped conductive filament equivalent center with magnetic center, measures the reference point location (x of silk at this time4,y4).Then
In xoy plane, the position coordinates of the magnetic center of quadrupole electromagnet to be measured are as follows:
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the technical schemes that are same or similar to the present invention are fallen
Enter within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of vibrating-wire magnetic center measuring device of fixed magnet characterized by comprising support base, translation stage, rotation
Axis, silk support frame, the datum mark of silk, conductive filament, photoelectric tube, signal generator and oscillograph；The support base is located at steady
Solid platform on, translation stage, magnet to be measured and photoelectric tube are sequentially placed in support base；The translation stage connection rotation
Axis, one end of rotary shaft connecting filament support frame；The datum mark of the silk is fixed on a support frame；The conductive filament both ends are by silk
Support frame tensioning is straightened, and conductive filament both ends pass through lead connection signal generator；The conductive filament is along magnet aperture to be measured direction
Magnet and photoelectric tube to be measured are sequentially passed through, and magnet length l to be measured is much smaller than conductive filament length L；The photoelectric tube is positive
It hands over and places, connect oscillograph.
2. a kind of vibrating-wire magnetic center measurement method of fixed magnet, which comprises the following steps:
1) magnet to be measured is adjusted, it is consolidated and is placed in support base, enabling magnet aperture to be measured direction is the direction z, magnetic to be measured
Position coordinates of the ferromagnetic center in xoy plane are measurement target, are denoted as (x2,y2)；
2) it is tensioned conductive filament using silk support frame, and conductive filament is passed through to the aperture of magnet to be measured in the z-direction；
3) it is located substantially at it in magnet aperture to be measured respectively in the position in the direction x and the direction y adjustment conductive filament using translation stage
Portion；
4) opening signal generator makes alternating current flow through conductive filament forming circuit, is connected with the conductive filament of alternating current in magnetic field
It is middle that forced vibration occurs due to by Lorentz force；When the frequency of electric current and the first order resonance frequency of conductive filament are identical, magnet is in the side z
It is located in the middle part of conductive filament upwards, when magnet length l is much smaller than conductive filament length L, the magnetic field of the amplitude of conductive filament and magnet to be measured
Integrated value along conductive filament is directly proportional；
5) conductive filament is monitored respectively in the Oscillation Amplitude in the direction x and the direction y, photoelectricity pair using the photoelectric tube that a pair of orthogonal is placed
Conductive filament change in location in its sensitive volume is converted voltage signal output, referred to as vibration signal by pipe；
6) conductive filament is translated in xoy plane, conductive filament more levels off to magnetic center, and the vibration signal of conductive filament is smaller；Work as conduction
When the equivalent center of silk is overlapped with the magnetic center of magnet to be measured, the vibration signal of conductive filament reaches minimum, is surveyed using measuring instrument
The datum mark of the silk position coordinates in xoy plane at this time are measured, (x is denoted as3,y3)；
7) conductive filament is rotated into 180 degree around z-axis, position coordinates of the magnet to be measured in xoy plane remain unchanged；It is conductive after rotation
The equivalent center of silk is no longer overlapped with the magnetic center of magnet to be measured, and the position of the datum mark of silk is also changed, and is rotated to
The another side of magnet to be measured；
8) step 3) is repeated to step 6), is overlapped the equivalent center of conductive filament again with magnetic center, is measured and is obtained silk at this time
Datum mark in xoy plane in new position coordinates, be denoted as (x4,y4)；
9) two group coordinates of the datum mark of the silk respectively obtained according to step 6) and step 8) before and after rotation, calculate magnet to be measured
Magnetic center in xoy plane in position coordinates, expression formula is as follows:
Above-mentioned formula is solved, the magnetic center position coordinates (x of magnet to be measured is obtained2,y2)。
3. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the magnet to be measured is that quadrupole electromagnet or number of poles are more than or equal to 4
Multipole magnet in any one.
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| CN112782618B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-11-23 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Device and method for detecting magnetic field parameter calculation value of dipolar electromagnet |
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| TW434411B (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 2001-05-16 | Tdk Corp | Magnetic sensor apparatus, current sensor apparatus and magnetic sensing element |
| JP4483497B2 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2010-06-16 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Magnetic detection device |
| US20090278532A1 (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2009-11-12 | Warren Gordon Pettigrew | Angular position sensing device |
| CN100394145C (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-06-11 | 中国航空工业第一集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Electric angular vibration table |
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