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CN107099796A - A kind of titanium-based laser cladding coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of titanium-based laser cladding coating and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107099796A
CN107099796A CN201710285323.3A CN201710285323A CN107099796A CN 107099796 A CN107099796 A CN 107099796A CN 201710285323 A CN201710285323 A CN 201710285323A CN 107099796 A CN107099796 A CN 107099796A
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powder
titanium
laser cladding
cladding coating
coating
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CN107099796B (en
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刘洪喜
石海
刘子峰
王悦怡
郭新政
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C14/00Alloys based on titanium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C30/00Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种钛基激光熔覆涂层及其制备方法,其激光熔覆涂层原材料包括以下质量百分比的粉末:C:4%~7%、W:12%~16%、Al:27%~32%、B:2%~5%、V:3%~5%、Be:0.3%~0.8%,余量为Ti;采用激光熔覆进行涂层制备;本发明激光熔覆得到的涂层硬度较高,高温工作环境下具有良好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性;在钛合金表面得到的高温耐磨涂层内部没有夹渣或气泡,熔覆层与基体结合度高。The invention discloses a titanium-based laser cladding coating and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials of the laser cladding coating include powders with the following mass percentages: C: 4%~7%, W: 12%~16%, Al: 27% %~32%, B: 2%~5%, V: 3%~5%, Be: 0.3%~0.8%, and the balance is Ti; the coating is prepared by laser cladding; the laser cladding obtained by the present invention The hardness of the coating is high, and it has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance under high-temperature working environment; the high-temperature wear-resistant coating obtained on the surface of titanium alloy has no slag or bubbles inside, and the cladding layer has a high degree of bonding with the substrate.

Description

一种钛基激光熔覆涂层及其制备方法A kind of titanium-based laser cladding coating and preparation method thereof

技术领域technical field

本发明属于激光熔覆技术领域,特别涉及一种钛基激光熔覆涂层及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cladding, and in particular relates to a titanium-based laser cladding coating and a preparation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

钛是20世纪发展起来的一种重要的金属材料,其具有比强度高、耐蚀性好、耐热性高等优点,这使得钛合金在恶劣的工作环境下获得大量的应用。钛合金的其他性能,如韧性好、无磁性、熔点高、热膨胀系数低级耐生物腐蚀性等,在某些领域也具有相当重要的意义。钛及钛合金在航空、航天、舰船、兵器、核能等领域有着广泛用途。钛合金的应用首先用于航空工业,主要是飞机发动机、机架、起落架和火箭导弹。铝合金是工业中应用最广泛的一类有色金属结构材料,在航空、航天、汽车、机械制造、船舶及化学工业中已大量应用。但通常情况下钛、铝合金的耐磨性和抗高温氧化性较差,会影响其使用寿命。在其合金表面增加一层合金涂层可以很好地增强其表面的抗磨损和抗腐蚀能力,同时可以用来修复受损的表面。Titanium is an important metal material developed in the 20th century. It has the advantages of high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, and high heat resistance, which makes titanium alloys widely used in harsh working environments. Other properties of titanium alloys, such as good toughness, non-magnetic properties, high melting point, low thermal expansion coefficient, and biocorrosion resistance, are also of great significance in certain fields. Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in aviation, aerospace, ships, weapons, nuclear energy and other fields. The application of titanium alloy was first used in the aviation industry, mainly aircraft engines, racks, landing gear and rocket missiles. Aluminum alloy is the most widely used non-ferrous metal structural material in industry, and has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobile, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding and chemical industry. However, under normal circumstances, titanium and aluminum alloys have poor wear resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance, which will affect their service life. Adding a layer of alloy coating on the alloy surface can well enhance the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the surface, and can be used to repair the damaged surface at the same time.

专利CN 104004998 B公布了一种在TC4表面通过电源放电制备Ti46Zr20V12Cu5Be17钛基非晶涂层的方法,在钛合金表面制得了大面积的非晶涂层,所获得的非晶涂层有良好的耐磨性;专利CN 105400240 A公布了一种用于钛基高温防护的磷酸盐涂层及其制备方法;专利CN 105603483 A公布了一种钛基合金高温抗氧化涂层的制备方法,在TiAl合金表面通过电镀的方式制备了一层Ti3Al合金涂层,取得了良好的高温抗氧化性。从目前的专利公布情况来看,涉及到以钛基合金作为涂层及其制备方法的并不多。Patent CN 104004998 B discloses a method for preparing Ti46Zr20V12Cu5Be17 titanium-based amorphous coating on the surface of TC4 through power discharge. A large-area amorphous coating is prepared on the surface of titanium alloy. The obtained amorphous coating has good resistance Abrasiveness; patent CN 105400240 A discloses a phosphate coating for titanium-based high-temperature protection and its preparation method; patent CN 105603483 A discloses a preparation method of a titanium-based alloy high-temperature oxidation-resistant coating. A layer of Ti 3 Al alloy coating was prepared on the surface by electroplating, which achieved good high temperature oxidation resistance. Judging from the current patent publications, there are not many related to the use of titanium-based alloys as coatings and their preparation methods.

钛基合金在高温下,仍能保持优异的高温强度、高温硬度、耐高温磨损、抗高温氧化和热疲劳等综合性能。其中激光熔覆又称激光熔敷或激光包覆,它是通过在基材表面添加所需熔覆材料(镍基、钴基、铁基合金、碳化钨复合材料),并利用高能密度激光束将被熔覆粉末与基材表面薄层一起快速熔凝,在基材表面形成与熔覆材料呈冶金结合涂层的一种绿色表面改性技术。目前,激光熔覆主要用来涂覆或修复各种金属零件,以显著改善基层表面的耐磨性、耐蚀性、耐热性和抗氧化性等性能, 从而达到表面改性或修复的目的, 既满足了对材料表面特定性能的要求,又节约了大量贵重元素。Titanium-based alloys can still maintain excellent comprehensive properties such as high-temperature strength, high-temperature hardness, high-temperature wear resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance and thermal fatigue resistance at high temperatures. Among them, laser cladding is also called laser cladding or laser cladding. It is made by adding the required cladding materials (nickel base, cobalt base, iron base alloy, tungsten carbide composite material) on the surface of the substrate, and using high energy density laser beam It is a green surface modification technology that rapidly fuses the powder to be clad and the thin layer on the surface of the substrate to form a metallurgically bonded coating with the cladding material on the surface of the substrate. At present, laser cladding is mainly used to coat or repair various metal parts to significantly improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance and oxidation resistance of the base surface, so as to achieve the purpose of surface modification or repair , which not only meets the requirements for the specific properties of the material surface, but also saves a lot of precious elements.

但因激光熔覆存在着非平衡凝固过程急热骤冷的特点,形成的熔覆层组织极易产生裂纹和气孔等缺陷,导致激光熔覆技术的工业化应用受到一定限制,为使熔覆层的性能得到提高,不少学者开始探索在粉末中加入稀土的方式以改善涂层性能,由于稀土成本过高,为节约成本本发明提出了以Be元素代替稀土改性涂层。However, due to the characteristics of rapid heating and sudden cooling in the non-equilibrium solidification process of laser cladding, the formed cladding layer structure is prone to defects such as cracks and pores, which leads to certain restrictions on the industrial application of laser cladding technology. In order to make the cladding layer The performance of the coating has been improved, and many scholars have begun to explore the way of adding rare earth to the powder to improve the coating performance. Since the cost of rare earth is too high, in order to save costs, the present invention proposes to replace the rare earth modified coating with Be element.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明提供一种钛基激光熔覆涂层及其制备方法,以期得到高温性能优异且复合层结合紧密的涂层。The invention provides a titanium-based laser cladding coating and a preparation method thereof, in order to obtain a coating with excellent high-temperature performance and tightly bonded composite layers.

一种钛基激光熔覆涂层,激光熔覆涂层原材料包括以下质量百分比的粉末:C:4%~7%、W:12%~16%、Al:27%~32%、B:2%~5%、V:3%~5%、Be:0.3%~0.8%,余量为Ti。A titanium-based laser cladding coating, the raw material of the laser cladding coating includes powders with the following mass percentages: C: 4%~7%, W: 12%~16%, Al: 27%~32%, B: 2% %~5%, V: 3%~5%, Be: 0.3%~0.8%, and the balance is Ti.

所述粉末的平均粒度为70~100μm。The average particle size of the powder is 70-100 μm.

本发明的另一目的在于提供所述钛基激光熔覆涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the titanium-based laser cladding coating, comprising the following steps:

(1)将金属基体表面打磨光洁并清洗干净,具体的,金属基体表面用400目砂纸打磨后再用600目砂纸进行打磨,然后用丙酮进行清洗;(1) Polish and clean the surface of the metal substrate. Specifically, the surface of the metal substrate is polished with 400-grit sandpaper, then polished with 600-grit sandpaper, and then cleaned with acetone;

(2)按照比例准备熔覆涂层原料粉末,通过真空球磨方式使原料粉末混合均匀后使用干燥箱干燥;(2) Prepare the cladding coating raw material powder according to the proportion, mix the raw material powder evenly by vacuum ball milling, and then dry it in a drying oven;

(3)将步骤(2)的粉末预置粉在金属基体表面,预置粉末厚度为1~2mm;(3) Put the powder pre-powder in step (2) on the surface of the metal substrate, and the pre-powder thickness is 1~2mm;

(4)对步骤(3)的预置粉末进行激光熔覆,以使预置粉与金属基体表层同时熔化,从而在基体表面形成激光熔覆涂层。(4) Laser cladding is performed on the preset powder in step (3), so that the preset powder and the surface layer of the metal substrate are melted at the same time, thereby forming a laser cladding coating on the surface of the substrate.

步骤(1)所述金属基体为钛合金基体或铝合金基体。The metal substrate in step (1) is a titanium alloy substrate or an aluminum alloy substrate.

步骤(2)所述真空球磨参数为球磨转速为50~75r/min,球料比为14:1~21:1,球磨时间为2.5h~3.5h。The parameters of the vacuum ball milling in step (2) are that the ball milling speed is 50-75 r/min, the ball-to-material ratio is 14:1-21:1, and the ball-milling time is 2.5h-3.5h.

步骤(2)所述干燥温度为80~140℃,干燥时间为2~6h。The drying temperature in step (2) is 80-140° C., and the drying time is 2-6 hours.

步骤(4)所述高功率CO2激光器的输出功率为3.0~4.0kW,所选用的光斑直径为3mm,焦距为20mm,扫描速度为300~450mm/min,保护气体为氩气,气体流量为4~7L/min。The output power of the high-power CO2 laser in step (4) is 3.0~4.0kW, the selected spot diameter is 3mm, the focal length is 20mm, the scanning speed is 300~450mm/min, the protective gas is argon, and the gas flow rate is 4~7L/min.

本发明具有以下优点:The present invention has the following advantages:

(1)激光熔覆得到的高温耐磨涂层硬度较高,在高温的工作环境下,具有良好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。(1) The high-temperature wear-resistant coating obtained by laser cladding has high hardness, and has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance under high temperature working environment.

(2)得到的高温耐磨涂层内部没有夹渣或气泡,熔覆层与基体结合度高。(2) The obtained high-temperature wear-resistant coating has no slag inclusions or bubbles inside, and the cladding layer has a high degree of bonding with the substrate.

(3)原料粉末是在钛铝合金中融入适量的钨和碳,钨的加入使钛基体进一步固溶强化,碳、硼与钛在高温条件下可生成TiC、TiB2颗粒,这些硬质相弥散分布在钛基体中,产生析出强化作用,此外少量的Be元素可以使得合金涂层性能得到大幅提升,使其具有优异的高温强度和高温硬度,且钨和钒有助于提高材料的高温抗氧化性,因此钛、铝、钨、碳合金具有优异的耐高温磨损、抗高温氧化和热疲劳等综合性能。(3) The raw material powder is mixed with an appropriate amount of tungsten and carbon in the titanium aluminum alloy. The addition of tungsten makes the titanium matrix further solid-solution strengthened. Carbon, boron and titanium can generate TiC and TiB 2 particles under high temperature conditions. These hard phases Dispersed in the titanium matrix, resulting in precipitation strengthening, in addition, a small amount of Be elements can greatly improve the performance of the alloy coating, so that it has excellent high-temperature strength and high-temperature hardness, and tungsten and vanadium help to improve the high-temperature resistance of the material. Oxidation, so titanium, aluminum, tungsten, and carbon alloys have excellent comprehensive properties such as high-temperature wear resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, and thermal fatigue resistance.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例1熔覆层金相组织;Fig. 1 is the cladding layer metallographic structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例2熔覆层金相组织;Fig. 2 is the cladding layer metallographic structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例3熔覆层金相组织;Fig. 3 is the cladding layer metallographic structure of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

图4为本发明实施例4熔覆层金相组织;Fig. 4 is the cladding layer metallographic structure of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

图5为本发明实施例5熔覆层金相组织;Fig. 5 is the cladding layer metallographic structure of embodiment 5 of the present invention;

图6为本发明不同实施例显微硬度曲线。Fig. 6 is a microhardness curve of different embodiments of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明,但本发明保护范围不局限于所述内容。The present invention will be described in further detail below through examples, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the content.

实施例1Example 1

本实施例钛基激光熔覆涂层原材料包括以下质量百分比的粉末:C粉4.00%、W粉13.00%、Ti粉50.20%、Al粉27.00%、B粉2.40%、V粉3.00%、Be粉0.40%,C粉、W粉、Ti粉、Al粉、B粉、V粉、Be粉的平均粒度为85μm;采用电子称取各种元素粉末,混合粉末的总质量为80g。The raw materials of titanium-based laser cladding coating in this embodiment include powders with the following mass percentages: C powder 4.00%, W powder 13.00%, Ti powder 50.20%, Al powder 27.00%, B powder 2.40%, V powder 3.00%, Be powder 0.40%, the average particle size of C powder, W powder, Ti powder, Al powder, B powder, V powder, and Be powder is 85μm; electronically weigh various element powders, and the total mass of the mixed powder is 80g.

本实施例钛基激光熔覆涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The preparation method of the titanium-based laser cladding coating in this embodiment includes the following steps:

(1)选取钛合金TC4作为熔覆基体,将其表面先用400目砂纸打磨再用600目砂纸打磨光洁,然后用脱脂棉蘸取丙酮溶液清洗干净;(1) Select titanium alloy TC4 as the cladding substrate, first polish its surface with 400-grit sandpaper and then 600-grit sandpaper, and then clean it with absorbent cotton dipped in acetone solution;

(2)将各组分原料粉末按比例称量后,通过真空球磨方式使原料粉末混合均匀,真空球磨的球磨转速为50r/min,球料比为15:1,球磨时间为3h,球磨混匀后使用干燥箱进行干燥,干燥温度130℃,干燥时间为2.5h;(2) After weighing the raw material powders of each component in proportion, mix the raw material powders evenly by vacuum ball milling. After uniformity, use a drying oven to dry at a drying temperature of 130°C and a drying time of 2.5 hours;

(3)采用预置粉的方式将步骤(2)烘干后的混合粉末均匀铺在步骤(1)的钛合金TC4基体表面,预置粉末厚度为1.5mm;(3) Spread the mixed powder dried in step (2) evenly on the surface of the titanium alloy TC4 substrate in step (1) by means of pre-powder, and the thickness of the pre-powder is 1.5mm;

(4)使用高功率CO2激光器对步骤(3)的预置粉末进行激光辐照,激光器的输出功率为3500w,所选用的光斑直径为3mm,焦距为20mm,扫描速度为350mm/min,保护气体为氩气,气体流量4L/min,以使预置粉末与基体表层同时熔化,从而在基体表面形成激光熔覆涂层。(4) Use a high-power CO2 laser to irradiate the pre-set powder in step (3). The output power of the laser is 3500w, the selected spot diameter is 3mm, the focal length is 20mm, and the scanning speed is 350mm/min. The gas is argon, and the gas flow rate is 4L/min, so that the preset powder and the surface layer of the substrate are melted at the same time, thereby forming a laser cladding coating on the surface of the substrate.

本实施例激光熔覆后的熔覆涂层采用氢氟酸溶液进行腐蚀,获得了熔覆层金相照片,如图1所示,可知熔覆层结构致密;采用HVS-1000A型显微硬度仪测量熔覆层的显微硬度,其中熔覆层不同位置测量五个值,并去除最大与最小值之后取平均值,如图6所示,测试结果显示,激光熔覆后平均硬度达到1052HV,较基材得到明显提高。The cladding coating after laser cladding in this example is corroded by hydrofluoric acid solution, and the metallographic photograph of the cladding layer is obtained, as shown in Figure 1, it can be seen that the structure of the cladding layer is dense; the microhardness of HVS-1000A is adopted The microhardness of the cladding layer is measured by the instrument, in which five values are measured at different positions of the cladding layer, and the average value is taken after removing the maximum and minimum values, as shown in Figure 6. The test results show that the average hardness after laser cladding reaches 1052HV , significantly improved compared to the base material.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例钛基激光熔覆涂层原材料包括以下质量百分比的粉末:C粉5.00%、W粉14.00%、Ti粉46.70%、Al粉28.00%、B粉2.00%、V粉4.00%、Be粉0.30%,C粉、W粉、Ti粉、Al粉、B粉、V粉、Be粉的平均粒度为70μm;并采用电子称称取各种元素粉末质量,混合粉末的总质量为80g。The raw materials of titanium-based laser cladding coating in this embodiment include powders in the following mass percentages: C powder 5.00%, W powder 14.00%, Ti powder 46.70%, Al powder 28.00%, B powder 2.00%, V powder 4.00%, Be powder 0.30%, the average particle size of C powder, W powder, Ti powder, Al powder, B powder, V powder, and Be powder is 70 μm; and the mass of various element powders is weighed with an electronic scale, and the total mass of the mixed powder is 80 g.

本实施例钛基激光熔覆涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The preparation method of the titanium-based laser cladding coating in this embodiment includes the following steps:

(1)选取钛合金TC6作为熔覆基体,将其表面先用400目砂纸打磨再用600目砂纸打磨光洁,然后用脱脂棉蘸取丙酮溶液清洗干净;(1) Select titanium alloy TC6 as the cladding substrate, first polish its surface with 400-grit sandpaper and then 600-grit sandpaper, and then clean it with absorbent cotton dipped in acetone solution;

(2)将各组分原料粉末按比例称量后,通过真空球磨方式使原料粉末混合均匀,真空球磨的球磨转速为55r/min,球料比为14:1,球磨时间为2.8h,球磨混匀后使用干燥箱进行干燥,干燥温度140℃,干燥时间为2h;(2) After weighing the raw material powders of each component in proportion, mix the raw material powders evenly by vacuum ball milling. After mixing, use a drying oven to dry at a drying temperature of 140°C and a drying time of 2 hours;

(3)采用预置粉的方式将步骤(2)烘干后的混合粉末均匀铺在步骤(1)的钛合金TC6基体表面,预置粉末厚度为1mm;(3) Spread the mixed powder dried in step (2) evenly on the surface of the titanium alloy TC6 substrate in step (1) by means of pre-powder, and the thickness of the pre-powder is 1 mm;

(4)使用高功率CO2激光器对步骤(3)的预置粉末进行激光辐照,激光器的输出功率为3000w,所选用的光斑直径为3mm,焦距为20mm,扫描速度为400mm/min,保护气体为氩气,气体流量5L/min,以使预置粉末与基体表层同时熔化,从而在基体表面形成激光熔覆涂层。(4) Use a high-power CO2 laser to irradiate the preset powder in step (3). The output power of the laser is 3000w, the selected spot diameter is 3mm, the focal length is 20mm, and the scanning speed is 400mm/min. The gas is argon, and the gas flow rate is 5L/min, so that the preset powder and the surface layer of the substrate are melted at the same time, thereby forming a laser cladding coating on the surface of the substrate.

本实施例激光熔覆后的熔覆涂层采用氢氟酸溶液进行腐蚀,获得了熔覆层金相照片,如图2所示,可知熔覆层结构致密;采用HVS-1000A型显微硬度仪测量熔覆层的显微硬度,其中熔覆层不同位置测量五个值,并去除最大与最小值之后取平均值,如图6所示,测试结果显示,激光熔覆后平均硬度达到1013HV,相对基材得到较大提高。The cladding coating after laser cladding in this embodiment is corroded by hydrofluoric acid solution, and the metallographic photograph of the cladding layer is obtained, as shown in Figure 2, it can be seen that the structure of the cladding layer is dense; HVS-1000A microhardness is used The microhardness of the cladding layer is measured by the instrument, in which five values are measured at different positions of the cladding layer, and the average value is taken after removing the maximum and minimum values, as shown in Figure 6. The test results show that the average hardness after laser cladding reaches 1013HV , relative to the substrate has been greatly improved.

实施例3Example 3

本实施例钛基激光熔覆涂层原材料包括以下质量百分比的粉末:C粉7.00%、W粉12.00%、Ti粉44.80%、Al粉28.00%、B粉3.40%、V粉4.30%、Be粉0.50%,C粉、W粉、Ti粉、Al粉、B粉、V粉、Be粉的平均粒度为90μm;并采用电子称称取各种元素粉末质量,混合粉末的总质量为80g。The titanium-based laser cladding coating raw materials in this embodiment include the following powders by mass percentage: C powder 7.00%, W powder 12.00%, Ti powder 44.80%, Al powder 28.00%, B powder 3.40%, V powder 4.30%, Be powder 0.50%, the average particle size of C powder, W powder, Ti powder, Al powder, B powder, V powder, and Be powder is 90 μm; and the mass of various element powders is weighed with an electronic scale, and the total mass of the mixed powder is 80 g.

本实施例钛基激光熔覆涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The preparation method of the titanium-based laser cladding coating in this embodiment includes the following steps:

(1)选取铝合金7050作为熔覆基体,将其表面先用400目砂纸打磨再用600目砂纸打磨光洁,然后用脱脂棉蘸取丙酮溶液清洗干净;(1) Select aluminum alloy 7050 as the cladding substrate, first polish the surface with 400-grit sandpaper and then 600-grit sandpaper, and then clean it with absorbent cotton dipped in acetone solution;

(2)将各组分原料粉末按比例称量后,通过真空球磨方式使原料粉末混合均匀,真空球磨的球磨转速为60r/min,球料比为17:1,球磨时间为2.5h;球磨混匀后使用干燥箱进行干燥,干燥温度100℃,干燥时间为5h;(2) After weighing the raw material powders of each component in proportion, mix the raw material powders uniformly by vacuum ball milling. The ball milling speed of vacuum ball milling is 60r/min, the ball-to-material ratio is 17:1, and the ball milling time is 2.5h; After mixing, use a drying oven to dry at a drying temperature of 100°C and a drying time of 5 hours;

(3)采用预置粉的方式将步骤(2)烘干后的混合粉末均匀铺在步骤(1)的铝合金7050基体表面,预置粉末厚度为2mm;(3) Spread the mixed powder dried in step (2) evenly on the surface of the aluminum alloy 7050 substrate in step (1) by means of pre-powder, and the thickness of the pre-powder is 2 mm;

(4)使用高功率CO2激光器对步骤(3)的预置粉末进行激光辐照,激光器的输出功率为4000w,所选用的光斑直径为3mm,焦距为20mm,扫描速度为400mm/min,保护气体为氩气,气体流量6L/min,以使预置粉末与基体表层同时熔化,从而在基体表面形成激光熔覆涂层。(4) Use a high-power CO2 laser to irradiate the pre-set powder in step (3). The output power of the laser is 4000w, the selected spot diameter is 3mm, the focal length is 20mm, and the scanning speed is 400mm/min. The gas is argon, and the gas flow rate is 6L/min, so that the preset powder and the surface layer of the substrate are melted at the same time, thereby forming a laser cladding coating on the surface of the substrate.

本实施例激光熔覆后的熔覆层采用氢氟酸溶液进行腐蚀,获得了熔覆层金相照片,如图3所示,可知熔覆层结构致密;采用HVS-1000A型显微硬度仪测量熔覆层的显微硬度,其中熔覆层不同位置测量五个值,并去除最大与最小值之后取平均值,如图6所示,测试结果显示,激光熔覆后平均硬度达到1083HV,较母材得到明显提高。In this example, the cladding layer after laser cladding was corroded by hydrofluoric acid solution, and the metallographic photograph of the cladding layer was obtained, as shown in Figure 3, it can be seen that the structure of the cladding layer is dense; HVS-1000A microhardness tester was used Measure the microhardness of the cladding layer, in which five values are measured at different positions of the cladding layer, and the average value is taken after removing the maximum and minimum values, as shown in Figure 6. The test results show that the average hardness after laser cladding reaches 1083HV, Significantly improved compared to the base material.

实施例4Example 4

本实施例钛基激光熔覆涂层原材料包括以下质量百分比的粉末:C粉6.00%、W粉16.00%、Ti粉35.20%、Al粉32.00%、B粉5.00%、V粉5.00%、Be粉0.80%,C粉、W粉、Ti粉、Al粉、B粉、V粉、Be粉的平均粒度为100μm;并采用电子称称取各种元素粉末质量,混合粉末的总质量为80g。The raw materials of titanium-based laser cladding coating in this embodiment include powders with the following mass percentages: C powder 6.00%, W powder 16.00%, Ti powder 35.20%, Al powder 32.00%, B powder 5.00%, V powder 5.00%, Be powder 0.80%, the average particle size of C powder, W powder, Ti powder, Al powder, B powder, V powder, and Be powder is 100 μm; and the mass of various element powders is weighed with an electronic scale, and the total mass of the mixed powder is 80 g.

本实施例钛基激光熔覆涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The preparation method of the titanium-based laser cladding coating in this embodiment includes the following steps:

(1)选取钛合金TC4作为熔覆基体,将其表面先用400目砂纸打磨再用600目砂纸打磨光洁,然后用脱脂棉蘸取丙酮溶液清洗干净;(1) Select titanium alloy TC4 as the cladding substrate, first polish its surface with 400-grit sandpaper and then 600-grit sandpaper, and then clean it with absorbent cotton dipped in acetone solution;

(2)将各组分原料粉末按比例称量后,通过真空球磨方式使原料粉末混合均匀,真空球磨的球磨转速为75r/min,球料比为21:1,球磨时间为3.5h;球磨混匀后使用干燥箱进行干燥,干燥温度80℃,干燥时间为6h;(2) After weighing the raw material powders of each component in proportion, mix the raw material powders evenly by vacuum ball milling. After mixing, use a drying oven to dry at a drying temperature of 80°C and a drying time of 6 hours;

(3)采用预置粉的方式将步骤(2)烘干后的混合粉末均匀铺在步骤(1)的钛合金TC4基体表面,预置粉末厚度为1.5mm;(3) Spread the mixed powder dried in step (2) evenly on the surface of the titanium alloy TC4 substrate in step (1) by means of pre-powder, and the thickness of the pre-powder is 1.5mm;

(4)使用高功率CO2激光器对步骤(3)的预置粉末进行激光辐照,激光器的输出功率为4000w,所选用的光斑直径为3mm,焦距为20mm,扫描速度为450mm/min,保护气体为氩气,气体流量7L/min,以使预置粉末与基体表层同时熔化,从而在基体表面形成激光熔覆涂层。(4) Use a high-power CO2 laser to irradiate the pre-set powder in step (3). The output power of the laser is 4000w, the selected spot diameter is 3mm, the focal length is 20mm, and the scanning speed is 450mm/min. The gas is argon, and the gas flow rate is 7L/min, so that the preset powder and the surface layer of the substrate are melted at the same time, thereby forming a laser cladding coating on the surface of the substrate.

本实施例激光熔覆后的熔覆层采用氢氟酸溶液进行腐蚀,获得了熔覆层金相照片,如图4所示,可知熔覆层结构致密;采用HVS-1000A型显微硬度仪测量熔覆层的显微硬度,其中熔覆层不同位置测量五个值,并去除最大与最小值之后取平均值,如图6所示,测试结果显示,激光熔覆后平均硬度达到1095HV,较基材得到大幅提升。In this example, the cladding layer after laser cladding was corroded by hydrofluoric acid solution, and the metallographic photograph of the cladding layer was obtained, as shown in Figure 4, it can be seen that the structure of the cladding layer is dense; HVS-1000A microhardness tester was used Measure the microhardness of the cladding layer, where five values are measured at different positions of the cladding layer, and the average value is taken after removing the maximum and minimum values, as shown in Figure 6. The test results show that the average hardness after laser cladding reaches 1095HV, Compared with the base material, it has been greatly improved.

对比实施例comparative example

本实施例钛基激光熔覆涂层C粉4.00%、W粉13.00%、Ti粉50.60%、Al粉27.00%、B粉2.40%、V粉3.00%,C粉、W粉、Ti粉、Al粉、B粉、V粉的平均粒度为85μm;并采用电子称称取各种元素粉末质量,混合粉末的总质量为80g。In this example, titanium-based laser cladding coating C powder 4.00%, W powder 13.00%, Ti powder 50.60%, Al powder 27.00%, B powder 2.40%, V powder 3.00%, C powder, W powder, Ti powder, Al Powder, B powder, and V powder have an average particle size of 85 μm; the mass of various element powders is weighed by an electronic scale, and the total mass of the mixed powder is 80 g.

本实施例钛基激光熔覆涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The preparation method of the titanium-based laser cladding coating in this embodiment includes the following steps:

(1)选取钛合金TC4作为熔覆基体,将其表面先用400目砂纸打磨再用600目砂纸打磨光洁,然后用脱脂棉蘸取丙酮溶液清洗干净;(1) Select titanium alloy TC4 as the cladding substrate, first polish its surface with 400-grit sandpaper and then 600-grit sandpaper, and then clean it with absorbent cotton dipped in acetone solution;

(2)将各组分原料粉末按比例称量后,通过真空球磨方式使原料粉末混合均匀,真空球磨的球磨转速为50r/min,球料比为15:1,球磨时间为3h,球磨混匀后使用干燥箱进行干燥,干燥温度130℃,干燥时间为2.5h;(2) After weighing the raw material powders of each component in proportion, mix the raw material powders evenly by vacuum ball milling. After uniformity, use a drying oven to dry at a drying temperature of 130°C and a drying time of 2.5 hours;

(3)采用预置粉的方式将步骤(2)烘干后的混合粉末均匀铺在步骤(1)的钛合金TC4基体表面,预置粉末厚度为1.5mm;(3) Spread the mixed powder dried in step (2) evenly on the surface of the titanium alloy TC4 substrate in step (1) by means of pre-powder, and the thickness of the pre-powder is 1.5 mm;

(4)使用高功率CO2激光器对步骤(3)的预置粉末进行激光辐照,激光器的输出功率为3500w,所选用的光斑直径为3mm,焦距为20mm,扫描速度为350mm/min,保护气体为氩气,气体流量4L/min,以使预置粉末与基体表层同时熔化,从而在基体表面形成激光熔覆涂层。(4) Use a high-power CO2 laser to irradiate the pre-set powder in step (3). The output power of the laser is 3500w, the selected spot diameter is 3mm, the focal length is 20mm, the scanning speed is 350mm/min, and the protective gas It is argon, and the gas flow rate is 4L/min, so that the preset powder and the surface layer of the substrate are melted at the same time, thereby forming a laser cladding coating on the surface of the substrate.

本实施例激光熔覆后的熔覆层采用氢氟酸溶液进行腐蚀,获得了熔覆层金相照片,如图5所示,可知熔覆层结构致密,但是其致密性没有实施例4好;采用HVS-1000A型显微硬度仪测量熔覆层的显微硬度,其中熔覆层不同位置测量五个值,并去除最大与最小值之后取平均值,如图6所示,测试结果显示,激光熔覆后平均硬度达到919HV,较基材得到明显提高,但相对于加实施例1-4而言,效果较差。In this example, the cladding layer after laser cladding was corroded by hydrofluoric acid solution, and the metallographic photograph of the cladding layer was obtained, as shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that the structure of the cladding layer is dense, but its compactness is not as good as that of Example 4. ;Using HVS-1000A microhardness tester to measure the microhardness of the cladding layer, wherein five values are measured at different positions of the cladding layer, and the average value is taken after removing the maximum and minimum values, as shown in Figure 6, the test results show , the average hardness after laser cladding reaches 919HV, which is significantly improved compared with the base material, but compared with the addition of Examples 1-4, the effect is poor.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of titanium-based laser cladding coating, it is characterised in that laser cladding coating raw material include following mass percent Powder:C:4%~7%、W:12%~16%、Al:27%~32%、B:2%~5%、V:3%~5%、Be:0.3% ~ 0.8%, surplus is Ti.
2. titanium-based laser cladding coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle mean size of the powder is 70 ~ 100 μm。
3. the preparation method of titanium-based laser cladding coating described in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)Metal base surface is polished bright and clean and cleaned up, specifically, after metal base surface is polished with 400 mesh sand paper Polished, then cleaned with acetone with 600 mesh sand paper again;
(2)Proportionally prepare cladding coating material powder, vacuum ball milling is dried after mixing;
(3)By step(2)Powder be preset at metal base surface, fore-put powder thickness is 1 ~ 2mm;
(4)To step(3)Fore-put powder carry out laser melting coating so that preset powder and metallic matrix top layer are melted, in base simultaneously Body surface face forms laser cladding coating.
4. the preparation method of titanium-based laser cladding coating according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step(1)The metal Matrix is titanium alloy substrate or alloy matrix aluminum.
5. the preparation method of titanium-based laser cladding coating according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step(2)The vacuum Ball milling parameter is that rotational speed of ball-mill is 50 ~ 75r/min, and ratio of grinding media to material is 14:1~21:1, Ball-milling Time is 2.5h ~ 3.5h.
6. the preparation method of titanium-based laser cladding coating according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step(2)The drying Temperature is 80 ~ 140 DEG C, and drying time is 2 ~ 6h.
7. the preparation method of titanium-based laser cladding coating according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step(4)The laser Cladding uses high power CO2Laser is carried out, and its power output is 3.0 ~ 4.0kW, and spot diameter is 3mm, and focal length is 20mm, is swept Speed is retouched for 300 ~ 450mm/min, protective gas is argon gas, gas flow is 4 ~ 7L/min.
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