CN107083571B - Device and method for extracting ultrashort cow leather fibers from cow leather leftover materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps. The device includes a cowhide scrap grinding device and a cowhide fiber stripping mechanism, wherein the grinding device includes a partial suction cage, a fine grinding roller, a rough grinding roller, a crushing For licker rollers, heavy pressure rollers, medium pressure rollers, light pressure rollers, conveyor curtains for cowhide scraps, conveyor curtain drive discs, etc., the surface of the local suction and dust cage is partially opened with small holes to form a suction area, and the cowhide scraps are transported through the conveyor curtain In the process of light, medium and heavy pressure rollers, it is transported from the conveying curtain to the suction area of the local suction and dust cage, and is sucked, and it is successively passed through the skin-breaking licker-in roller, the rough grinding roller and the fine grinding roller. Step-by-step grinding treatment is carried out. The cowhide fiber stripping mechanism is a mechanism for stripping the cowhide fiber by a combing needle. The leather scraps after grinding and rubbing are stripped by the combing and beating to obtain ultra-short cowhide fibers. The device and method are safe and environmentally friendly. Waste liquid is generated, and the utilization rate of cowhide scraps and waste is high.

Description

A device and method for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of leather fibers, in particular to a device and method for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps.

Background technique

With the improvement of modern people's living standards, leather products are deeply loved by consumers because of their beauty and durability. Clothing, shoes and hats, furniture, pockets, and car decoration materials made of leather occupy a large share in the market. , the demand for real leather materials at home and abroad is increasing sharply. The real leather materials have the advantages of good air permeability, water absorption, elasticity, and good hand feel, but the cost is high, and a large number of broken edges and corners are generated in the production process of leather products. The material is not fully recycled. The cowhide scrap is an inevitable waste in the production process of cowhide products, and cowhide is mainly composed of bundled and micro-bundle collagen fibers woven and intertwined with each other. The reuse of real cowhide and other leather scraps often requires However, the existing methods for reprocessing leather scraps have many defects and deficiencies.

Chinese invention patent application (201110146644.8), discloses a method for preparing cowhide fiber yarn from cowhide scraps. The invention describes the sequential screening, color separation, impurity removal, puffing and softening, extrusion, repeated soaking and extrusion of cowhide scraps , Hammering, finishing, drawing, and drying to obtain cowhide fibers with a length of 15-50mm and a fineness of 0.5D-2.2D. The dried cowhide fibers are combed, drawn, and spun in turn. The process obtains the kraft fiber yarn. In the process of fiber extraction, a chemical soaking process is required, and each 100 kg of the treated aqueous solution contains 5-15 kg of penetrating agent (sulfosuccinate sodium salt, oleoyl amino acid sodium salt or linear fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, etc. ), 3-13 kg of bulking agent (the complex of aromatic hydrocarbons and higher aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether or the complex of phenols and higher aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) and 0.5-3 kg of sodium hydroxide, and more immersion. Such a treatment process is complex and increases liquid waste discharge, making it difficult to meet environmental protection requirements.

The Chinese invention patent application (200410034435.4), discloses an animal leather collagen yarn and a production method thereof. The core technology is mainly to use different weight ratios of fiber raw materials to mix, emphasizing that the proportion of animal leather collagen fibers is 1-100 %, the textile fiber is 0-99%, and the mechanical properties of the cowhide fiber can be improved by blending. The patent only talks about the size of the yarn blending ratio in general, and does not explain the specifications of the fibers, such as length, fineness, etc., and the leather raw materials must be soaked in solution, washed with water, etc. before defibrating. Waste liquid is also not conducive to environmental protection.

Chinese invention patent application (201410767182.5), discloses a processing method of cowhide fiber, the method includes three opening steps, the cowhide scrap is pretreated to make its moisture content reach 60-80%, the first step of opening fiber, A high-speed rotating blade is used to divide the material in the sieve plate into small pieces of cowhide, and the slag is removed by air selection to obtain a small piece of cowhide with a uniform size of 1cm×1cm. Finally, a cowhide fiber with a length of 3-7mm is obtained; the Chinese invention patent (201510318230.7) discloses a dry-wet combined web-forming composite process, wherein the clean pure cowhide (natural, no additive) leftover material is used to open the fiber before the web is formed. The process is ground to make cowhide fiber, and the control fiber length is 2-8mm. Although the two patent documents disclose the use of cowhide leftovers to process and process cowhide fibers within 2-10mm, they also do not involve specific cowhide fibers. Sanding or treatment and methods by which the ultra-short kraft fibers can be spun.

Chinese patent (CN203021703U) discloses a defibrating machine for cortex material in water. The defibrating machine includes a water storage tank for suspending cortical material in water and a cylinder card cloth roller. Three work rollers are horizontally arranged and wrapped around the cylinder needles. On the upper side of the outer surface of the cloth rollers, there are warping sheets or hook knives on the outer surfaces of the three work rollers. This patent application also needs to soak the leather material in water, and transfer the leather material in the water to the relative rolling through the cylinder card cloth roller. Between the work rolls, the cortical material is hooked and pulled into a fibrous shape by the triangular warping piece set on the surface of the work roll.

Japanese Patent (Shao 62-21808A) discloses a device for softening and opening leather fibers, the device includes a plurality of pairs of rollers arranged up and down, wherein the upper and lower rollers or the lower rollers on the upper and lower contact surfaces of some of the roller pairs have Uneven grooves along the roll axis.

Chinese patent (CN2905832Y) discloses an animal leather fiber opening device, which includes a frame, a feeding flat curtain is arranged at the front of the frame, a dust cage is arranged on the frame, and a feeding flat curtain is provided between the dust cage and the feeding flat curtain The open-fiber licker-in has a licker-in bottom at the lower part of the licker-in, and the upper part of the licker-in bottom is an arc-shaped surface that matches the licker-in. Feeding plate, the upper surface of the feeding plate is an arc surface matched with the feeding roller, a pair of feeding rollers arranged up and down are arranged between the feeding roller and the feeding flat curtain, and a discharging roller is arranged at the rear of the dust cage The beater, the device can process animal skin fibers with a length of 10-45mm, but it also needs to pre-treat the animal skin for structural expansion before processing, and the device mainly relies on the high-speed rotation of the licker-in roller to open the leather into fibers , only part of the fibers that have been opened and formed into fibers are adsorbed in the dust cage and finally stripped and blanked by the thugs, and some small pieces of animal skin that have not been opened fall into the bottom of the licker-in. rate is low.

According to above-mentioned prior art: adopt chemical method to obtain cowhide fiber, although can obtain longer fiber, but because processing method is difficult to reach environmental protection requirements and is strictly restricted in actual production; Obtain cowhide fiber base cloth by non-woven mode, although To a certain extent, the requirements for fiber length are reduced, but the longitudinal and transverse strengths of the fabric often fail to meet the requirements of the finished product; the preparation of cowhide fiber blended yarn by blending technology can improve the mechanical properties of cowhide fiber yarn, but The relevant literature only talks about the mixing ratio of loose fibers in general, and the description of the technical content of the practice is relatively vague, and the leather raw materials must be soaked in solution, washed with water, etc. before defibrating to produce waste liquid, which is not conducive to environmental protection; the existing Most of the devices or equipment for extracting leather fibers from cowhide or other animal skin scraps need to soak the leather material in chemical solution before fiber opening, so as to expand or open fiber in liquid, which is easy to generate waste liquid, which is not conducive to environmental protection. The prior art also discloses that the cowhide fiber obtained by physical fiber opening and grinding methods is within 2-10 mm, but it does not involve specific grinding and fiber opening equipment or its utilization rate for fiber opening of leather scraps is low.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the defects and deficiencies existing in the above-mentioned prior art methods for extracting cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps, the present invention provides a device and method for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers by using a safe and environmentally friendly pure physical method to efficiently utilize cowhide scraps. The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps, characterized in that the device includes a cowhide scrap grinding device and a cowhide fiber stripping mechanism, and the grinding device includes a partial suction cage, a fine grinding roller, a rough grinding roller, a crushing The licker roller, the heavy pressure roller, the medium pressure roller, the light pressure roller, the conveying curtain of the cowhide scrap, the conveying curtain drive plate and the supporting facade of the conveying curtain, the surface of the local air suction dust cage is partially opened with small holes to form air suction area, the licker-in roller, the rough grinding roller and the fine grinding roller are arranged in the suction area in sequence, and the conveying curtain of the cowhide scrap is driven by the conveying curtain drive disc, which is used to pass the light pressure roller, the medium pressure roller and the medium pressure roller respectively. The cowhide scraps rolled by the roller and the heavy pressure roller are transported to the local suction dust cage, and the suction area forms a negative pressure through the suction device inside the local suction dust cage, which absorbs the cowhide scraps and absorbs the surface grinding. The sucked leather scraps are sequentially polished by a licker-in roller, a rough grinding roller and a fine grinding roller for the front surface of the cowhide scrap; the cowhide fiber stripping mechanism is a comb needle beater stripping cowhide fiber mechanism.

Further, the mechanism for stripping the cowhide fiber by the needle beater comprises a card needle beater, an upper holding roller, a lower holding roller, an upper feeding roller, a lower feeding roller, a transmission roller, and a roller that is respectively sleeved on the upper holding roller and the lower holding roller. The upper belt between the upper feeding rollers, the lower belt between the lower holding roller and the transmission roller, the leather scraps after grinding and rubbing are conveyed through the lower belt between the upper feeding roller and the lower feeding roller. The cowhide fiber is gradually stripped by the needle beater through the belt conveyed to the upper holding roller and the lower holding roller.

Further preferably, there is a conveying curtain track on the local dust suction cage, and the conveying curtain is annular, one end of the annular shape is installed on the conveying curtain track, and the other end is sleeved on the conveying curtain drive plate, along the moving direction of the conveying curtain. , the light pressure roller, the medium pressure roller and the heavy pressure roller are successively arranged adjacent to the upper surface of the upper curtain of the conveying curtain between the local suction cage and the conveying curtain drive plate, and the supporting vertical surface is arranged on the upper surface of the conveying curtain. The pressing roller, the middle pressing roller and the heavy pressing roller correspond to the lower surface of the upper curtain of the conveying curtain.

More preferably, at the contact surface of the conveying curtain and the local suction cage, pressure rollers are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the upper and lower curtains of the conveying curtain, and the action of the pressure rollers keeps the conveying curtain horizontal.

Further preferably, the rotational speed of the combing needle beater is 320-380 rpm, and the length of the stripped ultra-short cowhide fiber is 2-10 mm.

More preferably, the conveying curtain drive plate rotates counterclockwise, the light pressure roller, the medium pressure roller and the heavy pressure roller all rotate clockwise, and the surface linear velocity is the same as that of the conveying curtain surface.

Further preferably, the pressure rollers on both the upper and lower sides rotate clockwise, and their surface linear speed is the same as the surface linear speed of the conveying curtain.

Further preferably, the licker-in roller rotates clockwise, and the ratio of its surface linear speed to the surface linear speed of the conveying curtain is 1.05-1.1; the rough grinding roller rotates clockwise, and the ratio of its surface linear speed to the surface linear speed of the conveying curtain is 1.05-1.1. 1.5-1.8; the fine grinding roller rotates clockwise, and the ratio of its surface linear speed to the surface linear speed of the conveying curtain is 3-4.

In addition, the present invention also provides a method for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps, the method adopts the above-mentioned device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps to extract ultra-short cowhide fibers, and the specific method includes:

Step 1: Grinding the cowhide scraps, laying the cowhide scraps face up on the conveyor curtain, the conveyor curtain drive disc rotates counterclockwise to drive the conveyor curtain forward, and the cowhide scraps pass through the light pressure roller, the medium pressure roller and the heavy pressure in turn. Roller, the action of three pressure rollers makes the leather flat and conformable, and then the cowhide leftover material is transferred from the conveying curtain to the suction area of the local suction dust cage through the upper pressure roller, and the suction area passes through the internal suction area of the local suction dust cage. The suction device forms a negative pressure, sucks the scraps of cowhide and sucks away the debris generated by surface grinding, and the sucked cowhide scraps are successively polished by the licker-in roller, the rough grinding roller and the fine grinding roller;

Step 2: Stripping the cowhide fiber, the cowhide leftover material is made soft by a reciprocating extrusion rubbing method after the grinding, and then the cowhide fiber mechanism is used to strip the cowhide fiber by the described comb and beater to make the cowhide leftover material after grinding and rubbing. One end is held at the other end, and the cowhide fiber is stripped with a comb needle beater, and the comb needle beater rotates at 320-380 rpm to obtain ultra-short cowhide fibers with a main body length of 2-10mm.

Beneficial technical effect obtained by the present invention:

1) the present invention abandons the existing device and method for extracting cowhide fiber from cowhide leftover material, adopts pure physical-mechanical method to polish cowhide leftover material, and adopts comb needle beater type cowhide fiber stripping mechanism to make one end of cowhide fiber hold. , one end is peeled off by a combing needle beater, the physical-mechanical method of the present invention does not need to soak and expand the cowhide leftover material, which is safe and environmentally friendly, and will not generate waste liquid, pollute the environment, and reduce the utilization rate of the cowhide leftover material and waste. high.

2) The cowhide scrap grinding device in the present invention can squeeze the cowhide scraps with uneven surfaces during the storage process to make leather smooth and conform to the existing The suction cage has been innovatively improved to form a local suction cage, so that the cowhide scrap can be adsorbed in the suction area of the local suction cage and then be polished step by step through the licker-in roller, the rough grinding roller and the fine grinding roller. A licker-in roller is set in front of the rough grinding roller, which can scratch the dense leather surface first, so that the rough grinding roller and the fine grinding roller can grind it to prevent slipping. In addition, the polished cowhide scraps will be transported to the dust cage with the conveyor curtain. The non-suction area is automatically discharged and collected. The grinding device can adapt to cowhide scraps of different sizes and has high grinding efficiency.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further described:

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the grinding device that the present invention grinds cowhide edge and corner;

Fig. 2 is the schematic side view of the dust-absorbing cage of the grinding device structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the mechanism for stripping the cowhide fiber by the comb needle beater of the present invention;

Description of drawings: 1- Partial suction dust cage, 1a- suction area, 2- fine grinding roller, 3- rough grinding roller, 4- licker-in roller, 5- pressure roller, 6- supporting façade, 7- heavy Pressure roller, 8-medium pressure roller, 9-light pressure roller, 10- cowhide leftover material, 10a- cowhide leftover material front, 11- conveying curtain drive plate, 12- conveying curtain, 122- conveying curtain track; 13- comb needle beater, 14-upper holding roller, 15-upper feeding roller, 16-lower holding roller, 17-lower feeding roller, 18-transmission roller

Detailed ways

In order to understand the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1-3, the present invention relates to a device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps, the device includes a cowhide scrap grinding device and a cowhide fiber stripping mechanism, wherein the grinding device includes a local suction dust cage 1, a fine Grinding rollers 2, rough grinding rollers 3, licker-in rollers 4, pressure rollers 5, heavy pressure rollers 7, medium pressure rollers 8, light pressure rollers 9, conveyor curtains 12 for cowhide scraps and conveyor curtain drive discs 11. The surface of the suction cage 1 is partially opened with small holes to form the suction area 1a (the small holes are not shown in the drawings), and the skin-breaking licker-in roller 4, the rough grinding roller 3 and the fine grinding roller 2 are sequentially arranged in the suction area , the conveying curtain 12 of the cowhide leftover material is driven by the conveying curtain drive plate 11, and there is a conveying curtain track 122 on the local dust suction cage 1. The conveying curtain 12 is annular, and one end of the annular ring is installed on the conveying curtain track 122, and the other is on the conveying curtain track 122. One end is sleeved on the conveying curtain drive plate 11, along the moving direction of the conveying curtain, the light pressure roller 9, the medium pressure roller 8 and the heavy pressure roller 7 are adjacently arranged between the local suction and dust cage 1 and the conveying curtain drive plate 11 in turn. The upper surface of the upper curtain of the conveying curtain, the supporting facade 6 is arranged on the lower surface of the upper curtain of the corresponding conveying curtain 12 of the light pressure roller 9, the medium pressure roller 8 and the heavy pressure roller 7, and the conveying curtain 12 and the local suction cage At the contact surface of 1, pressure rollers 5 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the upper and lower curtains of the conveying curtain. When grinding, the front surface 10a of the cowhide leftover material is laid upward on the conveying curtain 12, and the conveying curtain drive plate 11 is counterclockwise. Rotate and drive the conveying curtain 12 to move forward. The cowhide scraps pass through the three pressure rollers of the light pressure roller 9, the middle pressure roller 8 and the heavy pressure roller 7 in turn, so that the leather is flat and conformable. In order to ensure that the cowhide scraps do not slip during the conveying process. The three pressure rollers rotate clockwise, and the surface linear speed is the same as the surface linear speed of the conveying curtain. The cowhide leftover material 10 is transferred from the conveying curtain 12 to the local suction and dust cage 1 through the pressure roller 5, and the pressure roller 5 rotates clockwise. , its surface linear speed is the same as the surface linear speed of the conveying curtain. The function of the pressure roller is to form a horizontal line with the conveying curtain drive plate to ensure that the conveying curtain moves forward in a horizontal straight line, and the second is to ensure that the cowhide scraps are more easily conveyed to the local area. The suction cage 1, the suction area 1a forms a negative pressure through the suction device inside the local suction cage 1, sucks the cowhide scrap 10 while sucking away the debris generated by surface grinding, and the sucked cowhide scrap 10 Grinding step by step is carried out by the licker-in roller 4, the rough grinding roller 3 and the fine grinding roller 2 in turn; the licker-in roller rotates clockwise, and the ratio of its surface linear speed to the surface linear speed of the conveying curtain is 1.05-1.1; the rough grinding roller Rotate clockwise, the ratio of the surface linear speed to the surface linear speed of the conveying curtain is 1.5-1.8; When the fine grinding roller rotates clockwise, the ratio of the surface linear speed to the surface linear speed of the conveying curtain is 3-4;

The cowhide fiber stripping mechanism is a comb needle beater stripping cowhide fiber mechanism, and the comb needle beater stripping cowhide fiber mechanism includes a comb needle beater 13, an upper holding roller 14, a lower holding roller 16, and an upper feeding roller 15. , the lower feeding roller 17, the driving roller 18, the upper belt sleeved between the upper holding roller 14 and the upper feeding roller 15, the lower belt between the lower holding roller 16 and the driving roller 18, grinding, rubbing The kneaded cowhide scrap 10 is conveyed between the upper feeding roller 15 and the lower feeding roller 17 by the lower belt, and then is conveyed by the belt to the upper holding roller 14 and the lower holding roller 16 for holding, and passes through the comb needle. The beater 13 gradually peels off the cowhide fiber, the rotation speed of the carding beater is controlled at 320-380 rpm, and the length of the main body of the stripped ultra-short cowhide fiber is 2-10mm.

Example 2

This embodiment relates to a device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps described in Example 1 to extract ultra-short cowhide fibers, and the extraction method specifically includes the following steps:

Step 1: The cowhide leftover material is polished, and the front surface 10a of the cowhide leftover material is laid up on the conveying curtain 12, the conveying curtain drive plate 11 is rotated counterclockwise, and the conveying curtain 12 is driven to move forward, and the cowhide leftover material is successively passed through the light pressing rollers 9 and 9. The pressing roller 8 and the heavy pressing roller 7 act as three pressing rollers, so that the leather is flat and conformable, and then the cowhide leftovers are transferred from the conveying curtain 12 to the suction area 1a of the local suction dust cage 1 through the upper pressure roller 5. The wind area forms a negative pressure through the suction device inside the local suction and dust cage, sucks the scraps of cowhide and absorbs the debris generated by surface grinding, and the absorbed cowhide scraps pass through the licker-in roller 4 and the rough grinding roller in turn. 3 and the fine grinding roller 2 for step-by-step grinding;

Step 2: Stripping the cowhide fiber, the cowhide leftover material is made soft by a reciprocating extrusion rubbing method after the grinding, and then the cowhide fiber mechanism is used to strip the cowhide fiber by the described comb and beater to make the cowhide leftover material after grinding and rubbing. One end is held and the other end is peeled off with a comb needle beater 13, and the comb needle beater rotates at 320-380 rpm to obtain ultra-short cowhide fibers with a main body length of 2-10 mm.

The present invention extracts cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps by purely physical and mechanical methods. Although the cowhide fibers produced are ultra-short cowhide fibers, the inventors of the present application have successfully spun the ultra-short cowhide fibers into cowhide through a large number of research experiments. Blended core-spun yarn, the blended core-spun yarn or its strands is woven into a leather base fabric and then heat-pressed, the leather base fabric has good tensile properties and tearing strength, and the leather base fabric is compared with non-woven fabrics. The leather base fabric has good uniform stability of longitudinal and lateral strength, and its warp and weft strengths are above 500CN.

Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are only specific or preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Structural or equivalent changes, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are equally included in the protection scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide leftover material, is characterized in that, this device comprises cowhide leftover material polishing device and cowhide fiber stripping mechanism, and described polishing device includes partial suction cage (1), fine grinding roller (1). 2), rough grinding roller (3), licker-in roller (4), heavy pressure roller (7), medium pressure roller (8), light pressure roller (9), conveyor curtain for cowhide scrap (12), conveyor curtain The drive plate (11) and the supporting facade (6) of the conveying curtain, the surface of the local suction dust cage (1) is partially opened with small holes to form the suction area (1a), the peeling rollers (4), The rough grinding roller (3) and the fine grinding roller (2) are sequentially arranged in the suction area (1a), and the conveying curtain (12) of the cowhide leftover material is driven by the conveying The cowhide scrap (10) rolled by the light pressure roller (9), the medium pressure roller (8) and the heavy pressure roller (7) is transported to the local suction dust cage (1), and the suction area (1a) passes through the The suction device inside the local suction dust cage (1) forms a negative pressure, sucks the cowhide leftover material (10) and sucks away the debris produced by surface grinding, and the sucked cowhide leftover material (10) passes through the skin-breaking licker-in roller (10) in turn. 4) The rough grinding roller (3) and the fine grinding roller (2) carry out step-by-step grinding of the front surface (10a) of the cowhide leftover material; the cowhide fiber stripping mechanism is a comb needle beater stripping cowhide fiber mechanism. 2. A device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide leftovers according to claim 1, wherein the mechanism for stripping the cowhide fibers by the comb needle beater comprises a comb needle beater (13), an upper holding roller (14) ), a lower holding roller (16), an upper feeding roller (15), a lower feeding roller (17), a transmission roller (18), and the upper holding roller (14) and the upper feeding roller (15) respectively sleeved ), the lower belt between the lower holding roller (16) and the drive roller (18), the leather scraps (10) after grinding and rubbing are conveyed into the upper feeding roller (15) through the lower belt and the lower feeding roller (17) and then conveyed by the belt to between the upper holding roller (14) and the lower holding roller (16), and gradually strip the cowhide fiber by the pin beater (13). 3. A device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide leftovers according to claim 1, characterized in that, the local dust suction cage (1) is provided with a conveying curtain track (122), and the conveying curtain (12) ) in the form of a ring, one end of the ring is installed on the conveyor curtain track (122), and the other end is sleeved on the conveyor curtain drive plate (11). (8) and the heavy pressure roller (7) are successively arranged adjacent to the upper surface of the upper curtain of the conveying curtain between the local suction cage (1) and the conveying curtain drive plate (11), and the supporting facade (6) The lower surfaces of the upper curtains corresponding to the conveying curtains (12) of the light pressure roller (9), the medium pressure roller (8) and the heavy pressure roller (7) are arranged. 4. A device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, at the contact surface between the conveying curtain (12) and the local suction cage (1), Pressure rollers (5) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the upper and lower curtains of the conveying curtain, and the action of the pressure rollers keeps the conveying curtain (12) horizontal. 5. a device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps according to claim 2, the rotating speed of the described carding needle beater (13) is 320-380 rev/min, and the length of the ultra-short cowhide fiber main body of the stripping 2-10mm. 6. A device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the conveying curtain drive plate (11) rotates counterclockwise, and the light pressure roller ( 9) Both the middle pressure roller (8) and the heavy pressure roller (7) rotate clockwise, and the surface linear velocity is the same as the surface linear velocity of the conveying curtain. 7. A device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps according to claim 4, wherein the pressure rollers on the upper and lower sides rotate clockwise, and the surface linear velocity is the same as that of the conveying curtain surface. Same speed. 8. A device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the licker-in roller (4) rotates clockwise, and its surface linear speed is the same as the conveying speed. The ratio of the linear velocity of the curtain surface is 1.05-1.1; the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the rough grinding roller (3) to the surface linear velocity of the conveying curtain is 1.5-1.8 when the rough grinding roller (3) rotates clockwise; The ratio of the linear velocity to the surface of the conveying curtain is 3-4. 9. a method for extracting ultra-short kraft fibers from cowhide scraps, is characterized in that, adopting the device for extracting ultra-short cowhide fibers from cowhide scraps according to any one of the above claims 1-8 to extract ultra-short cowhide short fibers, Its specific methods include: Step 1: The cowhide leftover material is polished, and the front surface (10a) of the cowhide leftover material is laid up on the conveying curtain (12), the conveying curtain drive plate (11) is rotated counterclockwise, and the conveying curtain (12) is driven to move forward, and the cowhide leftover material Through the action of the light pressure roller (9), the medium pressure roller (8) and the heavy pressure roller (7) in turn, the three pressure rollers make the leather smooth and conformable, and then the cowhide leftover material passes through the upper pressure roller (5) from the conveying curtain (12) Transferred to the suction area (1a) of the local suction cage (1), the suction area forms a negative pressure through the suction device inside the local suction cage, sucks the cowhide scraps and simultaneously sucks away the surface polishing The scraps generated, the sucked cowhide scraps are successively ground by the licker-in roller (4), the rough grinding roller (3) and the fine grinding roller (2); Step 2: Stripping the cowhide fiber, the cowhide leftover material is made soft by a reciprocating extrusion rubbing method after the grinding, and then the cowhide fiber mechanism is used to strip the cowhide fiber by the described comb and beater to make the cowhide leftover material after grinding and rubbing. Gradually peel off the cowhide fiber with a comb needle beater (13) with one end holding the other end, and the comb needle beater rotates at 320-380 rpm to obtain ultra-short cowhide fibers with a main body length of 2-10mm.

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