CN107063610B - Four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform - Google Patents
Four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN107063610B CN107063610B CN201710408117.7A CN201710408117A CN107063610B CN 107063610 B CN107063610 B CN 107063610B CN 201710408117 A CN201710408117 A CN 201710408117A CN 107063610 B CN107063610 B CN 107063610B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013066 combination product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127555 combination product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/022—Vibration control arrangements, e.g. for generating random vibrations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/06—Multidirectional test stands
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform which comprises a base, a fixed plate, an electromagnetic driving group and a tool. The electromagnetic driving group comprises an annular excitation shaft, a core rod and a central magnetic pole, wherein the annular excitation shaft is a hollow shaft, an annular excitation coil is wound outside the annular excitation shaft, the core rod penetrates through a central hole of the annular excitation shaft, the center of the core rod is hollow, the central magnetic pole is fixed at the center of the core rod, the outer end of the core rod penetrates through the annular excitation shaft, the inner end of the core rod penetrates through the annular excitation shaft and extends to the middle of a left side fixing plate and a right side fixing plate, the fixture is arranged at the inner end part of the core rod, and a displacement sensor is arranged at the outer end of the core rod. The device also comprises a PLC controller, and the displacement sensor and the annular exciting coil are both connected with the PLC controller. According to the invention, by adopting an electromagnetic induction principle, each mounting point can output different excitation, the combination of torsional vibration forces applied to the tested piece in an actual state is met, the test distortion rate is low, and the test function is diversified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of torsional vibration detection equipment, in particular to a four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform with diversified test functions and more realistic test states.
Background
At present, a test bed for testing vibration of parts is provided, wherein the fixing mode of the parts is as follows: the tool is arranged on the test bench, four mounting points are arranged on the tool and the tested product, and the tested product is fixed on the test bench through the four mounting points. The excitation process is as follows: the vibration table-switching tool-tested product (excitation means that the vibration frequency, acceleration and the like output by the vibration test table to the tested product do work, and the tested product means that the vehicle-mounted radiator and the condenser are limited in definition and can be widely expanded to all block-shaped parts installed at multiple points). It can be seen that the tested product must be connected to the vibration table through the fixture, and the excitation of the frequency, acceleration and the like output by the traditional vibration test table is unique, so that the excitation output by the test table is conducted to the tested product (on 4 mounting points) to be identical and consistent; and because the tested product and the test bench are connected by the tool, resonance, detuning and other conditions can also occur due to the fact that the connected tool is excited by the vibrating table, and excitation output to the product by the vibrating table is distorted.
In a real environment, the situation of the vehicle under operation is: because 4 mounting points of the tested product are arranged at different positions of the vehicle, the vibration of the automobile engine is conducted and converted through various different mechanisms, so that the excitation of each mounting point output to the tested product is different. The conventional vibration test bed cannot simulate that all mounting points are independent excitation modes, so that the test process of the conventional vibration test bed cannot completely simulate the real vehicle state, and the objectivity of the vibration test is challenged. Under the running of a real vehicle, each mounting point of a tested product is subjected to independent vibration and torsion and the combination of the two types of excitation, and the conventional vibration test bed can only simulate one vibration excitation mode of armed and one-sided vibration and cannot simulate torsion.
The existing torsional vibration test bed has other defects: the torsional vibration test bed is the requirement of each manufacturer on a 5.11 torsional vibration performance test in QC/T468 (recommended standard in the automobile industry), and self-made equipment standard is not available. For example, in the torsional vibration performance test of the radiator, the radiator is fixed on the frame through the holes on the side plates, one side plate is fixed, the other side plate swings perpendicular to the front surface of the core, circulating hot water passes through the radiator, and the test parameters are specified in the following table:
| torsion angle (°) | Hot waterTemperature (. Degree. C.) | Frequency (Hz) | Times (times) |
| ±22.5 | 90±5 | 6 | 1.5x10 6 |
Aiming at a self-made mechanical torsional vibration test bed, the following three problems exist:
1. the torsion is small: the driving motor has smaller power, and the torsional vibration test bed cannot twist when encountering products with overlarge deflection angles or high quality.
2. The frequency is too low: the torsional vibration rate is at most 1Hz and is far from 6Hz required by the standard.
3. Poor repeatability: the measurement and calibration cannot be performed, so that the reliability of the test is poor.
In summary, a new torsional vibration test stand is needed to meet the production requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform which adopts an electromagnetic induction principle, a tested product is not connected to the test platform through a tool any more, but each mounting point is connected to one electromagnetic driving shaft, and each electromagnetic driving shaft can independently apply work and output different excitation. The test device completely accords with the torsional vibration force combination of the tested piece in the real vehicle state, has low test distortion rate, completely accords with the requirements on test frequency, has diversified test functions, can trace test values, and has high test repeatability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform, which comprises: base, fixed plate, electromagnetic drive group, frock. The fixing plates are vertically fixed on the base, each fixing plate comprises two left fixing plates and two right fixing plates, the two left fixing plates and the two right fixing plates are arranged respectively, and the left fixing plates and the right fixing plates are symmetrically arranged; the electromagnetic driving groups are four groups, two electromagnetic driving groups contained in each group are symmetrically arranged on the left side fixing plate and the right side fixing plate opposite to the left side fixing plate respectively, and the four electromagnetic driving groups are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the left side fixing plate and the right side fixing plate respectively; a tool for clamping the tested part is arranged between each two electromagnetic driving groups, and the tested part is vertically fixed on the four tools; the test platform further comprises a PLC controller, and the electromagnetic driving group is connected with the PLC controller and controls the movement of the tool of each tool point. By adopting four independent electromagnetic driving groups, vibration or torsional vibration of the tested part of one tool point is respectively completed, so that the excitation of each mounting point output to the tested product is different, the torsional vibration force combination suffered by the tested part in a real vehicle state can be truly simulated, and the distortion rate is small. And because each mounting point can be controlled by the PLC to independently move, various tests can be carried out according to the needs, and the application range is wide.
Preferably, the electromagnetic driving group comprises an annular excitation shaft, a core rod and a central magnetic pole, the annular excitation shaft is fixed on the fixing plate through a bracket, the annular excitation shaft is a hollow shaft, an annular excitation coil is wound outside the annular excitation shaft, the core rod is arranged in a central hole of the annular excitation shaft in a penetrating mode, the center of the core rod is hollow, the central magnetic pole is fixed at the center of the core rod, the outer end of the core rod is arranged outside the annular excitation shaft in a penetrating mode, the inner end of the core rod penetrates through the annular excitation shaft and extends to the middle of the left fixing plate and the right fixing plate, and the tool is fixed at the inner end of the core rod.
In a further preferred scheme, linear bearings are arranged at two ends of the central hole of the annular excitation shaft. The linear bearing can enable the annular exciting shaft to move more smoothly, so that the test result is more accurate, and the torsional vibration force actually received by the tested part can be reflected more truly.
In a further preferable scheme, the outer end of the core rod is provided with a displacement sensor. And the displacement sensor and the annular exciting coil are connected with the PLC. The displacement sensor transmits information to the PLC controller through sensing displacement and speed, the PLC controller calculates whether the set parameters of a user are met, and then the current magnitude and the current direction input into the annular exciting coil are automatically controlled and adjusted so as to achieve the set parameters of the user. The whole process is high in automation degree, and the test is more accurate.
Still further preferably, the position of the fixing plate on the base is movable; the electromagnetic driving group is adjustable up and down in position on the fixed plate. The test requirements of the tested parts with different lengths can be met by adjusting the distance between the two fixing plates at the same side; the test requirements of the tested parts with different thicknesses can be met by adjusting the distance between the fixing plates at the left side and the right side; the test requirements of the tested components with different heights can be met by adjusting the distance between the upper electromagnetic driving group and the lower electromagnetic driving group of the fixing plate. Furthermore, the tested components with different sizes and thicknesses can be satisfied.
The tool and the core rod are integrally arranged, and the possibility of distortion caused by excitation is further reduced by adopting the integral arrangement.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention combines the traditional vibration test bed and the torsional vibration test bed, and the test state is more real by outputting different frequency, displacement and acceleration driving at a plurality of positions and multiple points of the tested part, which is more similar to the torsional vibration influence of the product in the real state; the combination of torsional vibration force applied to the tested piece in the real vehicle state is completely met.
2. Because the tool and the core rod are integrally arranged, the core rod equivalent to the electromagnetic driving group is directly connected to the tested product, and the test distortion rate is reduced; compared with the prior art, the vibration table can reduce the conditions of resonance, detuning and the like caused by mounting the switching tool, and avoids the distortion of excitation output to a product by the vibration table.
3. The invention is provided with the PLC, the torsion vibration test realizes electric control, the test quantity value is traceable, the test repeatability is high, the automation degree is high, and the test is accurate.
4. Because the position of the fixed plate on the base is movable, and the position of the electromagnetic driving group on the fixed plate is also adjustable up and down, the tested products with different sizes and different positions can be met, and the application range is wider.
5. Because each mounting point can be controlled by the PLC to independently move, various tests can be carried out according to the needs, and the application range is wide, such as judging and analyzing the product quality, the material level, the product failure mode and the like.
6. The invention can standardize and unify the existing torsional vibration test equipment standard.
7. The torsional vibration test frequency theory can be improved to be more than 2000Hz, and different frequency requirements can be met.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of section A-A of the front view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic driving set and a connection mode according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration integrated test platform of the present invention includes: base 1, fixed plate 2, electromagnetic drive group 3, frock 4, tested part 5.
The fixing plate 2 is vertically fixed on the base 1, the fixing plate 2 includes a left fixing plate 21, a left fixing plate 22, a right fixing plate 23, and a right fixing plate 24, where the first fixing plate 21 and the left fixing plate 22 are opposite, the right fixing plate 23 and the right fixing plate 24 are opposite, and the left fixing plate 21 and the right fixing plate 23, the left fixing plate 22 and the right fixing plate 24 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the tested component 5, where the space between the left fixing plate (the left fixing plate 21 and the left fixing plate 22) and the right fixing plate (the right fixing plate 23 and the right fixing plate 24) is adjustable, and the space between the left fixing plate 21 and the left fixing plate 22, the space between the right fixing plate 23 and the right fixing plate 24 is also adjustable, and a linear guide rail or other guiding device can be arranged between the fixing plate and the base, so as to realize the space adjustment.
The electromagnetic driving groups 3 are four groups, two groups are arranged between the left fixing plate 21 and the right fixing plate 23, and the two groups are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the left fixing plate 21 and the right fixing plate 23; two groups of electromagnetic driving groups 3 are arranged between the left fixing plate 22 and the right fixing plate 24, the two groups of electromagnetic driving groups are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the left fixing plate 22 and the right fixing plate 24, and the positions of the electromagnetic driving groups 3 on the fixing plate 2 are adjustable up and down so as to meet the requirements of tested parts 5 with different specifications. The electromagnetic driving set 3 comprises an annular excitation shaft 31, a core rod 32 and a central magnetic pole 33, the annular excitation shaft 31 is fixed on the fixed plate 2 through the support 6, the annular excitation shaft 31 is a hollow shaft, linear bearings 35 are arranged at two ends of a central hole of the annular excitation shaft 31, an annular excitation coil 34 is wound outside the annular excitation shaft 31, the core rod 32 is arranged in the central hole of the annular excitation shaft 31 in a penetrating mode, the center of the core rod 32 is hollow, the central magnetic pole 33 is fixed at the center of the core rod 32, the outer end 321 of the core rod 32 is arranged outside the annular excitation shaft 31 in a penetrating mode, and the inner end 322 of the core rod 32 penetrates through the annular excitation shaft 31 and extends to the middle of the left fixed plate (the left fixed plate 21 and the left fixed plate 22) and the right fixed plate (the right fixed plate 23 and the right fixed plate 24), and the tool 4 is arranged at the inner end 322 of the core rod 32 in an integral mode with the core rod 32.
Each group of electromagnetic driving groups 3 is provided with a tool 4 for clamping the tested part 5, and the tested part 5 is vertically fixed on the four tools 4.
As shown in fig. 4, a displacement sensor 36 is disposed at the outer end 321 of the core rod 32, the testing platform of the present invention further comprises a PLC controller, the annular exciting coil 34 and the displacement sensor 36 are both connected with the PLC controller, the displacement sensor 36 transmits information to the PLC controller by sensing the displacement and the velocity, the PLC controller calculates whether the setting parameters of the user are satisfied, and then automatically controls and adjusts the current magnitude and the current direction input into the annular exciting coil 34 so as to achieve the setting parameters of the user.
The design principle of the electromagnetic driving group of the invention is as shown in fig. 4: the core uses electromagnetic induction principle (magnetic induction line of electrified solenoid), the central magnetic pole is constant, and the direction of the input current of the annular exciting coil is changed, so that the magnetic field direction of the annular exciting coil is changed, the central magnetic pole is repelled or pulled by different magnetic fields to move, the movement of the central magnetic pole drives the transmission core bar to move, thereby generating movement, and applying excitation to the test product. The displacement sensor transmits information to the PLC by sensing the displacement and the speed of the core rod, the PLC calculates whether the set parameters of a user are met, and then automatically controls and adjusts the current magnitude and the current direction input into the annular exciting coil so as to achieve the set parameters of the user. Two electromagnetic drive shafts are arranged in a group in a bilateral symmetry mode, and multiple testing functions can be realized only by symmetrically combining the two drive shafts.
Example two
Test function of failure mode:
the test principle is as follows: as shown in fig. 5, whether the product fails, and the failure mode and the failure period are judged by the attenuation of the air pressure in the test.
The testing process comprises the following steps: and adding a certain pressure air source into the measured piece, then closing the electromagnetic valve, and detecting the change of the air pressure in the measured piece through the pressure sensor.
a) Failure mode: if the pressure decay is linear, the pressure decay belongs to sealing fatigue; cliff type attenuation belongs to the rigid failure of products, and should be welding and material fatigue.
b) Failure period: and obtaining the failure time and fatigue times of the product through the pressure decay period and the final failure times.
By combining the two points, the failure mode of the product can be found, the target can be improved, and the later analysis cost can be reduced.
Example III
Material characterization test, as shown in fig. 4:
a) A strain gauge 7 is arranged at a position where the driving shaft combination product contacts, the strain change of the product is measured in the torsional vibration process, and the material strength change of the product is known;
b) A current sensor 8 is mounted on the drive power supply line. And detecting the change of the strain quantity or the change of the driving current to obtain the attenuation change of the product strength.
The rigidity curvature characteristic of the product can be studied by the stress change of the test product or the change of the driving current of the equipment.
Example IV
Other test functions:
a) By controlling one or more groups of electromagnetic driving groups independently, a single-amplitude torsional vibration test or a diagonal torsional vibration test can be realized.
b) Through frock transformation, can realize horizontal vibration test, push-pull force test, air door torsion test.
c) After the high-low temperature box and the high-low temperature groove are additionally arranged, the high-low temperature medium can be simulated to be introduced into the high-low temperature environment, and the mechanical test of the material at different temperatures can be inspected.
d) The middle of the equipment is provided with a mounting point, a stop block can be additionally arranged, and the reliability of the product is simulated under the condition that the torsional vibration amplitude of the product is limited.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform is characterized by comprising a base, a fixed plate, an electromagnetic driving group and a tool; the fixing plates are vertically fixed on the base, each fixing plate comprises two left fixing plates and two right fixing plates, the two left fixing plates and the two right fixing plates are arranged respectively, the left fixing plates and the right fixing plates are symmetrically arranged, and the positions of the fixing plates on the base are movable; the electromagnetic driving groups are four groups, two electromagnetic driving groups contained in each group are symmetrically arranged on the left side fixing plate and the right side fixing plate opposite to the left side fixing plate respectively, and the four electromagnetic driving groups are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the left side fixing plate and the right side fixing plate respectively; a tool for clamping the tested part is arranged between each two electromagnetic driving groups, and the tested part is vertically fixed on the four tools; the test platform also comprises a PLC controller, and the electromagnetic driving group is connected with the PLC controller to drive the tested component to more closely approximate torsional vibration influence of the product in a real state through outputting different frequencies, displacements and accelerations at a plurality of positions and multiple points of the tested component, so that the test state is more real;
the electromagnetic drive group comprises an annular excitation shaft, a core rod and a central magnetic pole, wherein the annular excitation shaft is fixed on a fixing plate through a support, the annular excitation shaft is a hollow shaft, an annular excitation coil is wound outside the annular excitation shaft, the core rod is arranged in a central hole of the annular excitation shaft in a penetrating mode, the center of the core rod is hollow, the central magnetic pole is fixed at the center of the core rod, the outer end of the core rod is arranged outside the annular excitation shaft in a penetrating mode, the inner end of the core rod penetrates through the annular excitation shaft and extends to the middle of the left fixing plate and the right fixing plate, and the tool is arranged at the inner end of the core rod.
2. The four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform according to claim 1, wherein linear bearings are arranged at two ends of a central hole of the annular excitation shaft.
3. The four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform according to claim 1, wherein the outer end of the core rod is provided with a displacement sensor.
4. The four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform according to claim 3, wherein the displacement sensor and the annular exciting coil are connected with the PLC.
5. The four-axis electromagnetic torsional integrated test platform of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic drive sets are adjustable up and down in position on the fixed plate.
6. The four-axis electromagnetic torsional vibration comprehensive test platform according to claim 1, wherein the tool and the core rod are integrally arranged.
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