CN107049460A - A kind of bone plate suitable for back ankle fracture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an osteosynthesis plate suitable for fractures of the posterior malleolus. The osteosynthesis plate includes a head plate body and a rod portion plate body. The head plate body is configured to be fixed on the metaphyseal bone surface. The rod plate body is configured to be fixed on the tibial bone surface, and the head plate body is twisted 18° to 24° medially as a whole, so that the bone plate fits the bone surface better. The bone plate provided by the invention can effectively fix the fracture of the posterior malleolus, has good fit, strong support, and can fully reset the fracture block.

Description

A Bone Plate Applicable to Posterior Malleolus Fracture

technical field

The invention relates to surgical instruments, in particular to a bone plate suitable for posterior malleolus fractures.

Background technique

Ankle fracture is a relatively common type of fracture in clinical practice. Among them, posterior malleolus fracture is a very important part of ankle fracture and occupies a high proportion of ankle fractures. The clinical judgment of whether to take surgical treatment for posterior malleolus fractures depends on the size of the fracture fragments of posterior malleolus fractures.

In general, displaced fractures exceeding 25% of the posterior ankle articular surface require internal fixation, while smaller avulsion fractures generally do not require surgical treatment. The conventional treatment method for posterior malleolus fractures is fixed by inserting lag screws from front to back. After years of clinical use, it has been proved that this method cannot resist the compression force of the medial malleolus from the talus in the ankle point, and the medial malleolus fractures cannot be firmly fixed, which is very unfavorable. The healing of the fracture cannot restore the early function of the ankle joint, so the actual use effect is not ideal. To solve these problems, it is necessary to use a bone plate for fixation, which can achieve a good fixation function while ensuring strength.

Therefore, those skilled in the art are committed to providing a bone plate capable of effectively fixing posterior malleolus fractures, increasing the options for doctors to operate during surgery, and achieving better fixation strength.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the design shortcomings of the posterior malleolus fracture fixation plate in the prior art, the present invention mainly aims to solve the technical problem that the existing posterior malleolus fracture fixation has insufficient strength and is difficult to anatomically reset.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bone plate suitable for fractures of the posterior malleolus, the bone plate includes a head plate and a stem plate, and the head plate is configured to be fixed on the metaphysis The bone surface, the stem plate is set to be fixed on the tibial body bone surface, the head plate is twisted 18° to 24° inwardly as a whole, preferably the head plate is twisted 19° inwardly as a whole to 22°. Thus, the bone plate can be more fitted to the bone surface.

Further, the width of the head plate is 22mm-30mm, preferably 26mm.

Further, the transverse direction of the head plate has an arc A adapted to the metaphyseal bone surface, preferably the arc A is R25 to R28. Preferably the arc length is 14-18mm (more preferably 16.5mm). So as to better fit with the metaphyseal bone surface.

Further, the top surface of the head plate is a low-profile rounded corner, and the rounded corner radian B is R3.5 to R4. Preferably the arc length is 4-6mm (more preferably 5mm). Thereby reducing the contact with the soft tissue in the joint.

Further, the longitudinal direction of the middle part of the head plate adjacent to the top surface of the head plate has an arc C adapted to the bone surface of the metaphysis, preferably the arc C is R13 to R14. Preferably, the arc length of the arc C is 9-11 mm (more preferably 9.7 mm).

Further, the length of the bone plate is 69mm or 90mm.

Further, the rod plate has a radian adapted to the bone surface of the tibial body, preferably the radian is R40 to R44, more preferably R42. In order to better fit with the tibial body bone surface.

Further, the width of the bar body is 8mm to 12mm, such as 10mm.

Further, the head plate includes a guide pin hole and a locking hole, the guide pin hole is located at the top edge of the head plate, the locking hole is located inside the guide pin hole, and the The axial direction of the locking hole is biased to the inner side (the side of the plate body of the rod part), and when the screw is nailed into the bone surface through the locking hole, the included angle between the screw and the vertical direction is 15° to 20°.

Further, a guide pin hole is provided at the end of the rod plate, and distance adjustment holes, locking holes and/or pressure holes are distributed on the rod plate.

Further, the bone plate is made of a biocompatible material selected from the group consisting of titanium, titanium alloy or stainless steel.

technical effect

The bone plate suitable for fractures of the posterior malleolus provided by the invention can effectively fix the fractures of the posterior malleolus, has good fit, strong support, and can fully reset the fracture fragments.

The idea, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the head plate body of the bone plate is twisted inward as a whole;

Figure 2A shows that the head plate has a curvature A adapted to the bone surface of the metaphysis; Figure 2B shows that the top surface of the head plate is a low-profile fillet;

Fig. 3 is a side view of the bone plate of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the bone plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a bone plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the bone plate fitting the bone surface in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a bone screw matched with the present invention.

detailed description

Example 1

As shown in Figures 3 to 6, this embodiment provides a bone plate suitable for fractures of the posterior malleolus. The bone plate provided by this embodiment includes a head plate 1 and a rod plate 2, the head The plate body 1 is set to be fixed on the bone surface 01 of the metaphysis, and the plate body 2 of the rod is set to be fixed on the bone surface 02 of the tibial body. As shown in FIG. 1 , the head plate body 1 is integrally Twisting inwardly, the twisting angle a is 18° to 24°, and in a more preferred embodiment, the overall inwardly twisting angle a of the head plate is 19° to 22° (such as 20° to 21°). Thus, the bone plate can be more fitted to the bone surface.

As shown in FIG. 4 , in this embodiment, the width D of the head plate body 1 can be set in the range of 22mm-30mm (such as 26mm). The length of the bone plate can be set to 69mm or 90mm to suit different sizes of bones.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the transverse direction of the head plate body 1 has a radian A adapted to the metaphyseal bone surface 01. Preferably, the radian A is set to R25 to R28 (that is, a circular arc with a radius of 25mm to 28mm), The arc length of arc A (counted at the top edge) is 14-18 mm (preferably 16.5 mm), so as to fit better with the metaphyseal bone surface. As shown in Figure 2B, the top surface of the head plate 1 is a low-profile fillet, and the arc B of the fillet along the longitudinal direction of the bone plate can be set to R3.5 to R4 (that is, a radius of 3.5 mm to 4 mm). arc), the arc length of arc B is 4-6mm (preferably 5mm), so as to reduce the contact with the soft tissue at the joint. As shown in Figure 2B, the longitudinal direction of the position of the head plate body 1 adjacent to the top end surface has a radian C suitable for the metaphyseal bone surface 01, preferably the radian C is set to R13 to R14 (that is, the radius is 13mm to 14mm arc), the arc length of arc C (calculated on the longitudinal median line) is 9-11mm (preferably 9.7mm), so as to fit better with the metaphyseal bone surface. As used herein, R represents the radius of a certain dimension, and the value after R is the value of the radius, and the unit of radius in this document is mm. In this embodiment, the settings of the radians not only make the plate body 1 at the head of the bone plate more fit with the bone surface, but also ensure the bending strength and structural rigidity of the bone plate.

In this embodiment, the rod plate body 2 has a radian adapted to the tibial bone surface 02, preferably the radian is R40 to R44, more preferably R42, so as to fit better with the tibial bone surface . The width of the rod plate body is 8mm to 12mm, such as 10mm.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, the head plate body 1 includes a guide pin hole 11 and a locking hole 12, the guide pin hole 11 is located at the top edge of the head plate body, and the locking hole 12 is located on the inner side of the guide pin hole 11, and the axial direction of the locking hole 12 is biased to the inner side (rod plate body 2 side), when the screw 3 is nailed into the bone surface through the locking hole 02, the screw 3 The included angle b with the vertical direction can be in the range of 15° to 20°, so as to avoid penetrating into the joint cavity.

The end of the rod body 2 has a guide pin hole 21 , and the rod body 2 is distributed with a distance adjustment hole 22 , a locking hole 23 and a pressure hole 24 .

During use, the head plate body 1 of the bone plate is placed close to the tibial metaphysis 01, the distance between the top of the head plate body 1 and the inferior articular surface 03 is 0.6cm to 1cm, and the posterior malleolus can be adjusted after the bone screw is fixed. The fracture can be effectively fixed and the fracture block can be fully reduced.

Currently, there is no anatomical bone plate for the posterior malleolus in the existing clinical bone plate systems, and most of them use general-purpose bone plates for bending, shaping, and fixation. The bone plate of the invention makes up for the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a posterior ankle bone plate with simple structure, good fitting and wide application. In the research and development stage, the inventors extracted a large number of tibial body samples with different signs for big data analysis, and finally obtained the various arc dimensions of the bone plate of the present invention. The radian size of the bone plate of the present invention can perfectly fit the bone surface and achieve the best fit and reset effect.

The twist angle of the rod of the bone plate body of the present invention is adapted to the surface characteristics of the tibia, so that it can be quickly placed on the outside of the tibia during the operation, which is convenient for operation; The overall medial twist at a specific angle (18° to 24°) can significantly enhance the bending strength and bending structural stiffness of the bone plate. In the dynamic fatigue strength test, under the load strength of 72.5 (N), the bending strength of the bone plate of the present invention is 0.4891 (N.m), and the bending structural stiffness is 0.0447 (N.m^2), which is significantly better than that used in most Other common plates for posterior ankle surgery. When the torsion angle is lower than 18°, the fit with the tibial surface is reduced, and when the torsion angle is greater than 24°, the bending strength and bending structural stiffness of the plate are significantly reduced.

The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of bone plate suitable for back ankle fracture, it is characterised in that the bone plate includes head plate body and bar portion plate body, The head plate body is arranged for being fixed on metaphysis bone face, and the bar portion plate body is arranged for being fixed on shaft of tibia bone Face, the head plate body is overall to reverse 18 ° to 24 ° to inner side.

2. bone plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the head plate body is overall to reverse 19 ° to 22 ° to inner side.

3. bone plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the head plate body width is 22mm-30mm.

4. bone plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the head plate body has what is be adapted with metaphysis bone face Radian, the radian is R25 to R28.

5. bone plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the head plate body top end face is undercut mark fillet, described Fillet radian is R3.5 to R4.

6. bone plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the bone plate length is 69mm or 90mm.

7. bone plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the bar portion plate body has what is be adapted with shaft of tibia bone face Radian, the radian is R40 to R44.

8. bone plate as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the radian is R42.

9. bone plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the end of the bar portion plate body has guide pinhole, the bar It is distributed with portion's plate body apart from adjustment hole, lock hole and/or pressurization hole.

10. bone plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the head plate body includes guide pinhole and lock hole, described Guide pinhole is located at the tip edge of the head plate body, and the lock hole is located at the inner side of the guide pinhole, also, the locking The axial direction deviation inner side in hole, after screw hammers into bone face by the lock hole, the angle of the screw and vertical direction is 15 ° To 20 °.