CN107043844B - An intermediate frequency induction melting furnace system and method - Google Patents
An intermediate frequency induction melting furnace system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于真空感应加热精炼设备，具体涉及一种中频感应熔炼炉系统及方法。The invention belongs to vacuum induction heating refining equipment, in particular to a medium frequency induction melting furnace system and method.
背景技术Background technique
钢铁冶炼中，中频感应熔炼炉目前难以完成钢液脱磷、脱碳等精炼工艺，其冶金质量难以保证。真空精炼时，钢液温降大一直是个大问题，严重影响连铸节奏或真空精炼效果。In iron and steel smelting, it is currently difficult for intermediate frequency induction melting furnaces to complete refining processes such as dephosphorization and decarburization of molten steel, and its metallurgical quality is difficult to guarantee. During vacuum refining, the large temperature drop of molten steel has always been a big problem, which seriously affects the continuous casting rhythm or vacuum refining effect.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的是提供了一种中频感应熔炼炉系统及方法。In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a medium frequency induction melting furnace system and method.
本发明要解决的技术问题通过以下技术方案实现：The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:
一种中频感应熔炼炉系统，包括：中频感应熔炼炉、真空循环冶炼装置、氧枪喷枪升降系统、真空加料装置及轨道车，所述真空循环冶炼装置包括钢液上升管、钢液下降管、真空槽和真空盖，所述钢液上升管的一端、所述钢液下降管的一端分别设置在真空槽的底部，所述钢液上升管的另一端、所述钢液下降管的另一端插入中频感应熔炼炉的钢液中一定深度，以使真空循环冶炼装置和盛放在中频感应熔炼炉内腔钢液的液面之间形成一个密闭空间；An intermediate frequency induction smelting furnace system, comprising: an intermediate frequency induction smelting furnace, a vacuum circulation smelting device, an oxygen lance lifting system, a vacuum feeding device and a rail car, the vacuum circulation smelting device includes a molten steel ascending pipe, a molten steel descending pipe, Vacuum tank and vacuum cover, one end of the molten steel riser and one end of the molten steel downcomer are respectively arranged at the bottom of the vacuum tank, the other end of the molten steel riser and the other end of the molten steel downcomer Insert a certain depth into the molten steel of the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace, so that a closed space is formed between the vacuum circulation smelting device and the liquid surface of the molten steel in the inner cavity of the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace;
所述真空盖活动安装在所述真空槽的开口处，所述真空盖上设置有真空密封通道，所述真空盖上还设有抽真空管道，该抽真空管道用于对真空槽进行抽真空；The vacuum cover is movably installed at the opening of the vacuum tank, the vacuum cover is provided with a vacuum sealing channel, and the vacuum cover is also provided with a vacuum pipeline, which is used to vacuum the vacuum tank ;
所述真空循环冶炼装置设置在所述中频感应熔炼炉的上方，所述轨道车带动所述真空循环冶炼装置做升降移动，使得所述真空槽和所述真空盖在竖直方向做升降运动；The vacuum cycle smelting device is arranged above the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace, and the rail car drives the vacuum cycle smelting device to move up and down, so that the vacuum tank and the vacuum cover move up and down in the vertical direction;
所述氧枪喷枪升降系统、所述真空加料装置分别安装在所述真空盖上，所述氧枪喷枪升降系统用于带动氧枪喷枪自由进出真空盖，所述真空加料装置用于在真空状态下将合金料投入真空槽。The oxygen lance lifting system and the vacuum feeding device are respectively installed on the vacuum cover, the oxygen lance lifting system is used to drive the oxygen lance to freely enter and exit the vacuum cover, and the vacuum feeding device is used to Put the alloy material into the vacuum tank.
上述的一种中频感应熔炼炉系统，所述一台所述真空循环冶炼装置对应多台所述中频感应熔炼炉，以此提高精炼效率。In the above-mentioned intermediate frequency induction melting furnace system, the one vacuum cycle smelting device corresponds to multiple intermediate frequency induction melting furnaces, so as to improve refining efficiency.
一种中频感应熔炼炉方法，使用上述的一种中频感应熔炼炉系统，该方法包括以下步骤：A method for an intermediate frequency induction melting furnace, using the above-mentioned intermediate frequency induction melting furnace system, the method includes the following steps:
步骤一、中频感应熔炼炉融化炉料，轨道车载着真空循环冶炼装置驶入中频感应熔炼炉冶炼工位，真空循环冶炼装置的钢液上升管、钢液下降管均插入中频感应熔炼炉钢液中，使真空循环装置和钢液液面之间形成一个密闭空间；Step 1: Melt the charge in the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace, and the rail vehicle carries the vacuum circulation smelting device into the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace smelting station, and the molten steel ascending pipe and molten steel descending pipe of the vacuum circulating smelting device are inserted into the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace molten steel , so that a closed space is formed between the vacuum circulation device and the molten steel surface;
步骤二、启动真空泵，将此密闭空间抽真空至20kPa，并保持；Step 2, start the vacuum pump, evacuate the confined space to 20kPa, and keep it;
步骤三、对真空循环装置的上升管通入氩气，驱动中频感应熔炼炉内的钢液由真空循环装置的上升管进入真空槽，由下降管回流至中频感应熔炼炉，实现钢液垂直循环流动；Step 3: Introduce argon gas into the rising pipe of the vacuum circulation device, drive the molten steel in the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace to enter the vacuum tank from the rising pipe of the vacuum circulation device, and return to the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace through the descending pipe to realize the vertical circulation of molten steel flow;
步骤四、氧枪喷枪升降系统带动氧枪进入真空槽内，对所述真空槽内的钢液吹氧，达到脱碳的目的；或者氧枪喷枪升降系统带动喷粉枪进入真空槽内，对所述真空槽内的钢液喷脱磷剂，达到脱磷的目的；Step 4. The oxygen lance elevating system drives the oxygen lance into the vacuum tank, and blows oxygen to the molten steel in the vacuum tank to achieve the purpose of decarburization; or the oxygen lance elevating system drives the powder spray gun into the vacuum tank, The molten steel in the vacuum tank is sprayed with a dephosphorizing agent to achieve the purpose of dephosphorization;
步骤五、将合金料投入真空槽，达到脱硫、还原的目的。Step 5. Put the alloy material into the vacuum tank to achieve the purpose of desulfurization and reduction.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1.本发明通过具备真空脱磷脱碳脱硫的中频感应熔炼炉系统，把中频感应熔炼炉与真空精炼装置有机结合，即能充分利用中频感应熔炼炉熔炼、加热、搅拌钢液，又能利用真空装置对钢液进行脱磷、脱碳、脱硫、脱氢、脱氧等工艺。本发明在冶金质量得到保证的同时，具有冶炼能耗低、环境污染小、金属回收率高的优点；1. The present invention organically combines the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace with the vacuum refining device through the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace system equipped with vacuum dephosphorization, decarburization and desulfurization, which can make full use of the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace to smelt, heat and stir molten steel, and can also utilize The vacuum device performs dephosphorization, decarburization, desulfurization, dehydrogenation, deoxidation and other processes on molten steel. While the metallurgical quality is guaranteed, the invention has the advantages of low smelting energy consumption, little environmental pollution and high metal recovery rate;
2.本发明中的一台真空循环冶炼装置可以对应多台中频感应熔炼炉，具有精炼效率高的优点。2. One vacuum cycle smelting device in the present invention can correspond to multiple medium-frequency induction melting furnaces, which has the advantage of high refining efficiency.
以下将结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为进一步阐述本发明达成预定目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合附图及实施例对本发明的具体实施方式、结构特征及其功效，详细说明如下。In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the specific implementation, structural features and effects of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
参照图1，本实施例公开了一种具备真空脱磷脱碳脱硫的中频感应熔炼炉系统（RHI），该系统由中频感应熔炼炉1、真空循环冶炼装置2、氧枪喷枪升降系统3、真空加料装置4、抽气管道5、轨道车6等组成。Referring to Figure 1, this embodiment discloses a medium frequency induction melting furnace system (RHI) equipped with vacuum dephosphorization, decarburization and desulfurization. It is composed of vacuum feeding device 4, air extraction pipeline 5, rail car 6 and so on.
真空循环冶炼装置2由轨道车6升降系统601操作，使得真空槽201和真空盖202在垂直方向自由升降。The vacuum cycle smelting device 2 is operated by the lifting system 601 of the railcar 6, so that the vacuum tank 201 and the vacuum cover 202 can be lifted and lowered freely in the vertical direction.
氧枪喷枪升降系统3和真空加料装置4安装在真空盖上。氧枪喷枪可以自由进出真空盖，合金料，脱磷剂等可以真空下投入真空槽201。Oxygen lance spray gun lifting system 3 and vacuum feeding device 4 are installed on the vacuum cover. The oxygen lance spray gun can freely enter and exit the vacuum cover, alloy materials, dephosphorization agents, etc. can be put into the vacuum tank 201 under vacuum.
RHI精炼过程如下：The RHI refining process is as follows:
中频感应熔炼炉熔化炉料后，轨道车载着真空循环冶炼装置驶入中频感应熔炼炉冶炼工位。在轨道车升降系统的驱动下，真空循环冶炼装置的二个管道插入容有钢液的感应中一定深度，使真空循环装置和钢液液面之间形成一个密闭空间。启动真空泵，将此密闭空间抽真空至20kPa，并保持。对真空循环装置的上升管吹氩，驱动中频感应熔炼炉内的钢液由真空循环装置的上升管进入真空室，由下降管流回中频感应熔炼炉，实现钢液垂直循环流动。After the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace melts the charge, the railcar carries the vacuum circulation smelting device and drives into the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace smelting station. Driven by the lifting system of the rail car, the two pipes of the vacuum circulation smelting device are inserted into the induction tank containing molten steel to a certain depth, so that a closed space is formed between the vacuum circulation device and the liquid steel surface. Start the vacuum pump, evacuate the closed space to 20kPa, and keep it. Blow argon to the rising pipe of the vacuum circulation device, drive the molten steel in the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace to enter the vacuum chamber from the rising pipe of the vacuum circulation device, and flow back to the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace through the descending pipe to realize the vertical circulation of molten steel.
通过非自耗式氧枪在真空槽内对钢液吹氧，达到脱碳目的。The non-consumable oxygen lance blows oxygen to the molten steel in the vacuum tank to achieve the purpose of decarburization.
通过喷粉枪在真空槽内对钢液喷脱磷剂，达到脱磷目的。The dephosphorization agent is sprayed on the molten steel in the vacuum tank through a powder spray gun to achieve the purpose of dephosphorization.
通过中频感应熔炼炉倾炉，达到出渣换渣。Through the tilting of the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace, slag discharge and slag replacement are achieved.
根据测温取样情况，可以感应加热调整钢液温度。According to the temperature measurement and sampling situation, the molten steel temperature can be adjusted by induction heating.
启动系统增压真空泵，将系统真空度抽至67Pa，维持一定时间，达到脱氢、脱氧的目的。Start the system booster vacuum pump, pump the system vacuum to 67Pa, and maintain it for a certain period of time to achieve the purpose of dehydrogenation and deoxygenation.
通过真空料仓加不同料，达到脱硫、还原等目的。Add different materials through the vacuum silo to achieve the purpose of desulfurization and reduction.
更具体地，本实施例的目的是提供一种工作性能可靠，成本低，运行稳定，效率高的具备真空脱磷脱碳脱硫的中频感应熔炼炉装置（RHI）。为达到上述目的，本实施例的技术方案如下：More specifically, the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a medium-frequency induction melting furnace (RHI) with vacuum dephosphorization, decarburization and desulfurization, which has reliable performance, low cost, stable operation and high efficiency. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present embodiment is as follows:
一种具备真空脱磷脱碳脱硫的中频感应熔炼炉装置（RHI），包括：A medium frequency induction melting furnace (RHI) equipped with vacuum dephosphorization, decarburization and desulfurization, including:
一用于中频感应熔炼炉。One is used for medium frequency induction melting furnace.
一设置中频感应熔炼炉上方，并能自由升降和水平移动的真空循环冶炼装置，工作时，真空循环冶炼装置由轨道车运至中频感应熔炼炉工位，真空循环冶炼装置的二个管道，即钢液上升管和钢液下降管，下降进入中频感应熔炼炉钢液中一定深度，使真空循环冶炼装置和钢液液面之间形成一个密闭空间。A vacuum cycle smelting device is set above the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace and can freely lift and move horizontally. When working, the vacuum cycle smelting device is transported to the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace station by rail car. The two pipelines of the vacuum cycle smelting device are The molten steel ascending pipe and the molten steel descending pipe descend into the molten steel of the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace to a certain depth, so that a closed space is formed between the vacuum circulation smelting device and the liquid steel surface.
该装置即可用感应加热补偿钢液温降，又可对钢液进行真空精炼，配合合适的冶炼工艺，完成脱磷、脱碳、脱硫、脱氢、脱氧、温度均匀、成分均匀等钢液精炼。The device can use induction heating to compensate the temperature drop of molten steel, and can also carry out vacuum refining on molten steel. With the appropriate smelting process, it can complete the refining of molten steel such as dephosphorization, decarburization, desulfurization, dehydrogenation, deoxidation, uniform temperature, and uniform composition. .
本实施例的所述真空循环冶炼装置由带有二个管道的真空槽和真空盖组成。所述中频感应熔炼炉上方设置一个由轨道车承载的真空精炼装置，所述真空精炼装置具有吹氧、喷粉、真空加料功能。The vacuum cycle smelting device of this embodiment consists of a vacuum tank with two pipelines and a vacuum cover. A vacuum refining device carried by a rail car is arranged above the intermediate frequency induction melting furnace, and the vacuum refining device has the functions of oxygen blowing, powder spraying and vacuum feeding.
本实施例中，真空室由真空槽、真空盖等组成。真空槽底部设置二个管道，即钢液上升管和钢液下降管。真空盖可以随真空槽同时升降，亦可独立升降。真空盖上设置真空密封通道、氧枪喷枪升降机构、真空加料装置。真空盖上设置真空抽气管道，可以在不同冶炼位置与不同的中频感应熔炼炉结合。真空槽与真空盖分离后，可以方便维护真空槽。在真空盖上还包括一氧枪喷枪升降系统。本实施例中，在真空盖上还包括一个真空加料装置。并且，本实施例中的一台真空循环脱气装置可以对应多台中频感应熔炼炉，精炼效率很高。In this embodiment, the vacuum chamber is composed of a vacuum groove, a vacuum cover and the like. Two pipes are arranged at the bottom of the vacuum tank, namely, the liquid steel ascending pipe and the liquid steel descending pipe. The vacuum cover can be raised and lowered simultaneously with the vacuum tank, and can also be raised and lowered independently. The vacuum cover is equipped with a vacuum sealing channel, an oxygen lance lifting mechanism, and a vacuum feeding device. Vacuum suction pipes are set on the vacuum cover, which can be combined with different intermediate frequency induction melting furnaces at different smelting positions. After the vacuum tank is separated from the vacuum cover, it is convenient to maintain the vacuum tank. An oxygen lance lifting system is also included on the vacuum cover. In this embodiment, a vacuum feeding device is also included on the vacuum cover. Moreover, one vacuum circulation degassing device in this embodiment can correspond to multiple medium-frequency induction melting furnaces, and the refining efficiency is very high.
通过上述分析可知，本实施例使用中频感应熔炼炉熔炼、加热、搅拌钢液，本实施例使用真空循环冶炼装置脱磷、脱碳、脱硫、脱氧、脱氢等精炼。From the above analysis, it can be seen that this embodiment uses an intermediate frequency induction melting furnace to smelt, heat, and stir molten steel, and this embodiment uses a vacuum cycle smelting device for dephosphorization, decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation, and dehydrogenation.
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be assumed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, some simple deduction or replacement can be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.
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