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CN107035447B - Compress supercritical carbon dioxide accumulation of energy hold over system and its working method - Google Patents

Compress supercritical carbon dioxide accumulation of energy hold over system and its working method Download PDF

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CN107035447B
CN107035447B CN201710243325.6A CN201710243325A CN107035447B CN 107035447 B CN107035447 B CN 107035447B CN 201710243325 A CN201710243325 A CN 201710243325A CN 107035447 B CN107035447 B CN 107035447B
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carbon dioxide
temperature oil
supercritical carbon
heat
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CN107035447A (en
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蒲文灏
白爽
李晗
杨宁
岳晨
何纬峰
韩东
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/103Carbon dioxide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统及其工作方法,属于蓄能领域。该系统包括电动机,压缩机,低压超临界二氧化碳储罐,冷却器,蓄热器,高温油罐,高压超临界二氧化碳储罐,低温油泵,低温油罐,高温油泵,预热器,回热器,加热器,透平和发电机。在电网负荷低谷期将电能用于压缩超临界二氧化碳,在电网负荷高峰期释放压缩超临界二氧化碳推动透平做功发电。本系统可以同时蓄能蓄热,实现常规的“削峰填谷”,且与传统的压缩空气相比,可以减小储罐的体积,节省压缩功,加入导热油循环,可以提高整个系统的热效率。

The invention discloses a compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system and a working method thereof, belonging to the field of energy storage. The system includes electric motor, compressor, low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank, cooler, heat accumulator, high-temperature oil tank, high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank, low-temperature oil pump, low-temperature oil tank, high-temperature oil pump, preheater, regenerator , heaters, turbines and generators. The electric energy is used to compress supercritical carbon dioxide during the low load period of the grid, and the compressed supercritical carbon dioxide is released to drive the turbine to generate power during the peak load period of the grid. This system can store energy and heat at the same time to achieve conventional "peak shifting and valley filling". Compared with traditional compressed air, it can reduce the volume of the storage tank, save compression work, and add heat transfer oil circulation, which can improve the efficiency of the entire system. Thermal efficiency.

Description

压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统及其工作方法Compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system and its working method

技术领域technical field

本发明设计了一种压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统及其工作方法,属于蓄能领域。The invention designs a compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system and a working method thereof, belonging to the field of energy storage.

背景技术Background technique

随着传统化石能源造成的环境问题和能源危机日益严重,人们将重点更多的放在了新能源的开发利用上,如太阳能、风能、核能和生物质燃料等。新能源的主要利用方式是将其转化为电能。在整个电网内,用户根据自身需求的不同存在电网负荷低谷期和电网负荷高峰期,而且这两个时期的用电需求差别很大,这就会导致发电厂生产的电能在用电高峰期不能满足用户的需求,而在用电低谷期又会造成大量的多余电力的浪费,因此往往需要配备大型的电力储存装置对电网进行调配,起到“削峰填谷”的作用,使得电能得到充分利用。在电网负荷低谷期,将电网多余的电力储存起来,在电网负荷高峰期输出电能,补充发电,这样可以大大提高电能的有效利用率,降低投资成本。With the increasingly serious environmental problems and energy crisis caused by traditional fossil energy, people are putting more emphasis on the development and utilization of new energy, such as solar energy, wind energy, nuclear energy and biomass fuel. The main way to utilize new energy is to convert it into electricity. In the entire power grid, users have grid load trough periods and grid load peak periods according to their own needs, and the power demand in these two periods is very different, which will cause the power produced by power plants to fail during peak power consumption periods. To meet the needs of users, and will cause a lot of waste of excess power during the low power consumption period, so it is often necessary to equip large-scale power storage devices to deploy the power grid to play the role of "shaving peaks and filling valleys", so that the power can be fully use. During the low load period of the grid, the excess power of the grid is stored, and the electric energy is output during the peak load period of the grid to supplement power generation, which can greatly improve the effective utilization rate of electric energy and reduce investment costs.

目前,世界上的蓄能技术主要有物理蓄能,如抽水蓄能、压缩空气蓄能、飞轮蓄能等、电磁蓄能,如超导电磁蓄能、超级电容器蓄能等、化学蓄能,如铅酸电池、氧化还原液流电池、锂离子电池等三大类。目前发展最成熟并适用于大规模工业应用的主要是物理蓄能,其中抽水蓄能受地形制约非常严重,压缩空气蓄能也对地质结构有特殊的要求,飞轮蓄能则需要高额的维护费用,因此寻找其他的物理蓄能的方式是蓄能技术发展的重要方向。At present, the energy storage technologies in the world mainly include physical energy storage, such as pumped water storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, etc., electromagnetic energy storage, such as superconducting electromagnetic energy storage, super capacitor energy storage, etc., chemical energy storage, Such as lead-acid batteries, redox flow batteries, lithium-ion batteries and other three categories. At present, the most mature and suitable for large-scale industrial applications is mainly physical energy storage. Among them, pumped hydro storage is very restricted by terrain, compressed air energy storage also has special requirements for geological structures, and flywheel energy storage requires high maintenance. Therefore, finding other ways of physical energy storage is an important direction for the development of energy storage technology.

超临界流体是指物质处于其临界温度和临界压强以上而形成的一种特殊状态的流体,其多种物理化学性质介于气体和液体之间,并兼具两者的有点。其中应用较为广泛的是超临界二氧化碳,其密度接近于液体,粘度接近于气体,且临界条件容易达到,化学性质不活泼,无色无味无毒,安全,价格便宜。如果采用压缩超临界二氧化碳替代压缩空气进行蓄能,可以大大降低储罐的容积,同时可以节省压缩功,在相同电能的情况下储存更多的能量。Supercritical fluid refers to a fluid in a special state formed when a substance is above its critical temperature and critical pressure. Its various physical and chemical properties are between gas and liquid, and it has both advantages. Among them, supercritical carbon dioxide is widely used, its density is close to that of liquid, its viscosity is close to that of gas, its critical condition is easy to achieve, its chemical properties are inactive, it is colorless, odorless, non-toxic, safe and cheap. If compressed supercritical carbon dioxide is used instead of compressed air for energy storage, the volume of the storage tank can be greatly reduced, and at the same time, the compression work can be saved, and more energy can be stored with the same electric energy.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明利用超临界二氧化碳体积小,储能潜力大等优点,采用压缩超临界二氧化碳替代压缩空气进行蓄能,可以大大降低储罐的容积,同时可以节省压缩功,在相同电能的情况下储存更多的能量。The invention utilizes the advantages of small volume of supercritical carbon dioxide and large energy storage potential, and uses compressed supercritical carbon dioxide instead of compressed air for energy storage, which can greatly reduce the volume of the storage tank, save compression work, and store more energy under the same electric energy. much energy.

一种压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统,其特征在于:该系统包括电动机、压缩机、低压超临界二氧化碳储罐、冷却器、蓄热器、高温油罐、高压超临界二氧化碳储罐、低温油泵、低温油罐、高温油泵、预热器、回热器、加热器、透平和发电机;A compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system is characterized in that the system includes a motor, a compressor, a low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank, a cooler, a heat accumulator, a high-temperature oil tank, a high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank, a low-temperature Oil pumps, low temperature oil tanks, high temperature oil pumps, preheaters, regenerators, heaters, turbines and generators;

冷却器包括冷侧入口、冷侧出口、热侧入口和热侧出口,蓄热器包括冷侧入口、冷侧出口、热侧入口和热侧出口,预热器包括冷侧入口、冷侧出口、热侧入口和热侧出口,回热器包括冷侧入口、冷侧出口、热侧入口和热侧出口,加热器包括冷侧入口、冷侧出口、热侧入口和热侧出口;Cooler includes cold side inlet, cold side outlet, hot side inlet and hot side outlet, regenerator includes cold side inlet, cold side outlet, hot side inlet and hot side outlet, preheater includes cold side inlet, cold side outlet , hot side inlet and hot side outlet, regenerator includes cold side inlet, cold side outlet, hot side inlet and hot side outlet, heater includes cold side inlet, cold side outlet, hot side inlet and hot side outlet;

电动机与压缩机相连,压缩机出口与蓄热器热侧入口相连,蓄热器热侧出口通过蓄能调节阀与高压超临界二氧化碳储罐入口相连,高压超临界二氧化碳储罐出口通过释能调节阀与预热器冷侧入口相连,预热器冷侧出口与加热器冷侧入口相连,加热器冷侧出口与透平入口相连,透平与发电机相连,透平出口与回热器热侧入口相连,回热器热侧出口与冷却器热侧入口相连,冷却器热侧出口与低压超临界二氧化碳储罐入口相连,低压超临界二氧化碳储罐出口通过低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀与压缩机入口相连;The motor is connected to the compressor, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the hot side of the heat accumulator, the outlet of the hot side of the heat accumulator is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank through the energy storage regulating valve, and the outlet of the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank is regulated by energy release The valve is connected to the inlet of the cold side of the preheater, the outlet of the cold side of the preheater is connected to the inlet of the cold side of the heater, the outlet of the cold side of the heater is connected to the inlet of the turbine, the turbine is connected to the generator, and the outlet of the turbine is connected to the heat of the regenerator. The side inlet is connected, the hot side outlet of the regenerator is connected with the hot side inlet of the cooler, the hot side outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank, and the outlet of the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank is connected with the compressor through the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide regulating valve The entrance is connected;

低温油罐出口与低温油泵相连,低温油泵出口分两路,一路通过蓄热低温油阀与蓄热器冷侧入口相连,蓄热器冷侧出口与高温油罐入口相连,另一路通过回热低温油阀与回热器冷侧入口相连,回热器冷侧出口通过回热高温油阀与高温油罐入口相连,高温油罐出口与高温油泵相连,高温油泵出口通过预热高温油阀与预热器热侧入口相连,预热器热侧出口与低温油罐入口相连。The outlet of the low-temperature oil tank is connected to the low-temperature oil pump, and the outlet of the low-temperature oil pump is divided into two routes, one of which is connected to the inlet of the cold side of the heat accumulator through the heat storage low-temperature oil valve, the outlet of the cold side of the heat accumulator is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature oil tank, and the other is through the heat recovery The low-temperature oil valve is connected to the inlet of the cold side of the regenerator, the outlet of the cold side of the regenerator is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature oil tank through the reheating high-temperature oil valve, the outlet of the high-temperature oil tank is connected to the high-temperature oil pump, and the outlet of the high-temperature oil pump is connected to the preheating high-temperature oil valve. The inlet on the hot side of the preheater is connected, and the outlet on the hot side of the preheater is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature oil tank.

所述的压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统,其特征在于,冷媒介质与冷却器冷侧入口相连,冷却器冷侧出口与冷媒介质系统相连,冷媒介质可以是空气和冷却水等;The compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system is characterized in that the cooling medium is connected to the cold side inlet of the cooler, and the cold side outlet of the cooler is connected to the cooling medium system, and the cooling medium can be air and cooling water, etc.;

所述的压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统,其特征在于,热媒介质与加热器热侧入口相连,加热器热侧出口与热媒介质系统相连,热媒介质可以是太阳能集热、生物质燃烧和工业废热等。The compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system is characterized in that the heat medium is connected to the hot side inlet of the heater, and the hot side outlet of the heater is connected to the heat medium system, and the heat medium can be solar heat collection, generation Material combustion and industrial waste heat, etc.

所述的压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统的工作方法,其特征在于,包括以下过程:The working method of the compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system is characterized in that it includes the following process:

在电网负荷低谷期,打开所述蓄热低温油阀、蓄能调节阀和低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀,关闭所述回热高温油阀、释能调节阀、预热高温油阀和回热低温油阀,低温低压超临界二氧化碳从低压超临界二氧化碳储罐中流出,经低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀进入压缩机,电动机将电网多余的电能转化为机械能带动压缩机压缩低压超临界二氧化碳,压缩机出口的高压超临界二氧化碳进入蓄热器的热侧入口,同时低温油罐中的低温导热油经低温油泵和蓄热低温油阀进入蓄热器冷侧入口,两股流体在蓄热器内进行换热,低温导热油经加热后进入高温油罐储存备用,放热后的低温高压超临界二氧化碳储存在高压超临界二氧化碳储罐中储存备用;During the low load period of the power grid, open the heat storage low temperature oil valve, energy storage regulating valve and low pressure supercritical carbon dioxide regulating valve, and close the heat recovery high temperature oil valve, energy release regulating valve, preheating high temperature oil valve and heat recovery low temperature Oil valve, low-temperature and low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide flows out of the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank, and enters the compressor through the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide regulating valve. The high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide enters the hot-side inlet of the heat accumulator, and at the same time, the low-temperature heat transfer oil in the low-temperature oil tank enters the cold-side inlet of the heat accumulator through the low-temperature oil pump and the heat storage low-temperature oil valve, and the two fluids are exchanged in the heat accumulator. Heat, low-temperature heat-conducting oil is heated and stored in a high-temperature oil tank for storage, and the low-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide after heat release is stored in a high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank for storage;

在电网负荷高峰期,打开所述回热高温油阀、释能调节阀、预热高温油阀和回热低温油阀,关闭所述蓄热低温油阀、蓄能调节阀和低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀,低温高压超临界二氧化碳从高压超临界二氧化碳储罐流出从预热器冷侧入口进入,同时高温油罐中的高温导热油经高温油泵和预热高温油阀进入预热器热侧入口,两股流体在预热器内进行换热,放热后的高温导热油进入低温油罐储存备用,预热后的高压超临界二氧化碳进入加热器冷侧入口,热媒介质从加热器热侧入口进入,两股流体在加热器内进行换热,放热后的热媒介质从加热器热侧出口流出系统,被加热后的高温高压超临界二氧化碳进入透平做功带动发电机发电,透平出口的低压超临界二氧化碳进入回热器热侧入口,同时低温油罐中的低温导热油经低温油泵和回热低温油阀进入回热器冷侧入口,回热后的低温导热油经回热高温油阀进入高温油罐储存备用,放热后的低压超临界二氧化碳进入冷却器热侧入口,同时冷媒介质从冷却器冷侧入口进入,两股流体在冷却器内进行换热,吸热后的冷媒介质从冷却器冷侧出口流出系统,被冷却的低温低压超临界二氧化碳储存在低压超临界二氧化碳储罐中。During the peak load period of the power grid, open the heat recovery high temperature oil valve, energy release regulating valve, preheating high temperature oil valve and heat recovery low temperature oil valve, and close the heat storage low temperature oil valve, energy storage regulating valve and low pressure supercritical carbon dioxide Regulating valve, low-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide flows out from the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank and enters from the cold side inlet of the preheater, while the high-temperature heat transfer oil in the high-temperature oil tank enters the hot-side inlet of the preheater through the high-temperature oil pump and the preheating high-temperature oil valve , the two fluids exchange heat in the preheater, the high-temperature heat transfer oil after heat release enters the low-temperature oil tank for storage, the preheated high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide enters the inlet of the cold side of the heater, and the heat medium flows from the hot side of the heater The inlet enters, and the two fluids exchange heat in the heater. The heat medium after heat release flows out of the system from the hot side outlet of the heater, and the heated high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide enters the turbine to do work to drive the generator to generate electricity. The low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide from the outlet enters the hot side inlet of the regenerator, and at the same time, the low-temperature heat transfer oil in the low-temperature oil tank enters the cold-side inlet of the regenerator through the low-temperature oil pump and the reheated low-temperature oil valve, and the reheated low-temperature heat transfer oil passes through the reheated The high-temperature oil valve enters the high-temperature oil tank for storage and standby. After the heat release, the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide enters the hot side inlet of the cooler, and at the same time, the cold medium enters from the cold side inlet of the cooler. The two fluids exchange heat in the cooler. The cold medium flows out of the system from the cold side outlet of the cooler, and the cooled low-temperature and low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide is stored in a low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank.

本发明在电网负荷低谷期将电能用于压缩超临界二氧化碳,经蓄热器降温后储存在高压超临界二氧化碳储罐中,在电网负荷高峰期释放压缩超临界二氧化碳,经预热器和加热器后的高温高压超临界二氧化碳推动透平做功发电,回收做功后超临界二氧化碳的余热,冷却后进入低压超临界二氧化碳储罐中。本发明提出的利用压缩超临界二氧化碳储能不仅可以实现对电网进行调配,也可以与太阳能发电和风力发电等间歇性发电结合使用,为电网提供稳定的高品质电能,加入导热油循环,利用蓄热器、预热器和回热器实现了对系统中热量的充分利用,提高了整个系统的热效率。The invention uses electric energy to compress supercritical carbon dioxide during the low load period of the power grid, and stores it in a high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank after being cooled by a heat accumulator. The high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide drives the turbine to generate power, recovers the waste heat of the supercritical carbon dioxide after the work, and enters the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank after cooling. The energy storage using compressed supercritical carbon dioxide proposed by the present invention can not only realize the deployment of the power grid, but also can be used in combination with intermittent power generation such as solar power generation and wind power generation to provide stable high-quality electric energy for the power grid. The heater, preheater and regenerator realize the full utilization of the heat in the system and improve the thermal efficiency of the whole system.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1 所述压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统图;The diagram of the compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system described in Fig. 1;

图2 所述电网负荷低谷期系统蓄能蓄热工作过程图;Figure 2 is a diagram of the energy storage and thermal storage work process of the system during the grid load low period;

图3 所述电网负荷高峰期系统释能放热工作过程图;Figure 3 is a working process diagram of system energy release and heat release during the grid load peak period;

图中标号名称:1-电动机;2-压缩机;3-低压超临界二氧化碳储罐;4-冷却器;5-蓄热器;6-高温油罐;7-高压超临界二氧化碳储罐;8-低温油泵;9-低温油罐;10-高温油泵;11-预热器;12-回热器;13-加热器;14-透平;15-发电机;161-蓄热低温油阀;162-储能调节阀;163-回热高温油阀;164-释能调节阀;165-预热高温油阀;166-回热低温油阀;167-低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀。Label names in the figure: 1-motor; 2-compressor; 3-low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank; 4-cooler; 5-regenerator; 6-high-temperature oil tank; 7-high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank; 8 -low temperature oil pump; 9-low temperature oil tank; 10-high temperature oil pump; 11-preheater; 12-regenerator; 13-heater; 14-turbine; 15-generator; 162-energy storage regulating valve; 163-reheating high temperature oil valve; 164-energy release regulating valve; 165-preheating high temperature oil valve; 166-reheating low temperature oil valve; 167-low pressure supercritical carbon dioxide regulating valve.

具体实施方法Specific implementation method

图1 是本发明提出的压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统图,下面参照图1 说明系统的工作过程。Fig. 1 is a diagram of a compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system proposed by the present invention. The working process of the system will be described below with reference to Fig. 1 .

在电网负荷低谷期,打开所述蓄热低温油阀161、蓄能调节阀162和低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀167,关闭所述回热高温油阀163、释能调节阀164、预热高温油阀165和回热低温油阀166,低温低压超临界二氧化碳从低压超临界二氧化碳储罐3中流出,经低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀167进入压缩机2,电动机1将电网多余的电能转化为机械能带动压缩机2压缩低压超临界二氧化碳,压缩机2出口的高压超临界二氧化碳进入蓄热器5的热侧入口,同时低温油罐9中的低温导热油经低温油泵8和蓄热低温油阀161进入蓄热器5冷侧入口,两股流体在蓄热器5内进行换热,低温导热油经加热后进入高温油罐6储存备用,放热后的低温高压超临界二氧化碳储存在高压超临界二氧化碳储罐7中储存备用;During the low load period of the grid, open the heat storage low-temperature oil valve 161, energy storage regulating valve 162 and low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide regulating valve 167, and close the reheating high-temperature oil valve 163, energy release regulating valve 164, preheating high-temperature oil Valve 165 and reheating low-temperature oil valve 166, low-temperature and low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide flows out from the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank 3, and enters the compressor 2 through the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide regulating valve 167, and the motor 1 converts the excess electric energy of the grid into mechanical energy to drive Compressor 2 compresses low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide, and the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of compressor 2 enters the hot side inlet of heat accumulator 5, while the low-temperature heat transfer oil in low-temperature oil tank 9 enters through low-temperature oil pump 8 and heat storage low-temperature oil valve 161 The cold side inlet of the heat accumulator 5, two streams of fluid exchange heat in the heat accumulator 5, the low-temperature heat transfer oil enters the high-temperature oil tank 6 for storage after heating, and the low-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide after heat release is stored in the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide Storage tank 7 for subsequent use;

在电网负荷高峰期,打开所述回热高温油阀163、释能调节阀164、预热高温油阀165和回热低温油阀166,关闭所述蓄热低温油阀161、蓄能调节阀162和低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀167,低温高压超临界二氧化碳从高压超临界二氧化碳储罐7流出从预热器11冷侧入口进入,同时高温油罐6中的高温导热油经高温油泵10和预热高温油阀165进入预热器11热侧入口,两股流体在预热器11内进行换热,放热后的高温导热油进入低温油罐9储存备用,预热后的高压超临界二氧化碳进入加热器13冷侧入口,热媒介质从加热器13热侧入口进入,两股流体在加热器13内进行换热,放热后的热媒介质从加热器13热侧出口流出系统,被加热后的高温高压超临界二氧化碳进入透平14做功带动发电机15发电,透平14出口的低压超临界二氧化碳进入回热器12热侧入口,同时低温油罐9中的低温导热油经低温油泵8和回热低温油阀166进入回热器冷侧入口,回热后的低温导热油经回热高温油阀163进入高温油罐6储存备用,放热后的低压超临界二氧化碳进入冷却器4热侧入口,同时冷媒介质从冷却器4冷侧入口进入,两股流体在冷却器4内进行换热,吸热后的冷媒介质从冷却器4冷侧出口流出系统,被冷却的低温低压超临界二氧化碳储存在低压超临界二氧化碳储罐3中。During the peak load period of the grid, open the heat recovery high temperature oil valve 163, energy release regulating valve 164, preheating high temperature oil valve 165 and heat recovery low temperature oil valve 166, and close the heat storage low temperature oil valve 161 and energy storage regulating valve 162 and low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide regulating valve 167, low-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide flows out from high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank 7 and enters from the cold side inlet of preheater 11, and the high-temperature heat transfer oil in high-temperature oil tank 6 passes through high-temperature oil pump 10 and preheater The hot high-temperature oil valve 165 enters the hot side inlet of the preheater 11, and the two fluids exchange heat in the preheater 11, and the high-temperature heat transfer oil after heat release enters the low-temperature oil tank 9 for storage. The preheated high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide Entering the inlet of the cold side of the heater 13, the heat medium enters from the inlet of the hot side of the heater 13, the two fluids exchange heat in the heater 13, and the heat medium after heat release flows out of the system from the outlet of the hot side of the heater 13, and is The heated high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide enters the turbine 14 to do work to drive the generator 15 to generate electricity, and the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the turbine 14 enters the hot side inlet of the regenerator 12, and at the same time, the low-temperature heat transfer oil in the low-temperature oil tank 9 passes through the low-temperature oil pump 8 and the reheated low-temperature oil valve 166 enter the cold side inlet of the regenerator, the regenerated low-temperature heat transfer oil enters the high-temperature oil tank 6 through the reheated high-temperature oil valve 163 for storage and standby, and the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide after heat release enters the cooler 4 At the same time, the cold medium enters from the cold side inlet of the cooler 4, and the two fluids exchange heat in the cooler 4. After absorbing heat, the cold medium flows out of the system from the cold side outlet of the cooler 4, and the cooled low-temperature and low-pressure super The critical carbon dioxide is stored in a low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank 3 .

Claims (4)

1.一种压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统,其特征在于:该系统包括电动机(1)、压缩机(2)、低压超临界二氧化碳储罐(3)、冷却器(4)、蓄热器(5)、高温油罐(6)、高压超临界二氧化碳储罐(7)、低温油泵(8)、低温油罐(9)、高温油泵(10)、预热器(11)、回热器(12)、加热器(13)、透平(14)和发电机(15);1. A compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system, characterized in that: the system includes a motor (1), a compressor (2), a low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank (3), a cooler (4), heat storage device (5), high temperature oil tank (6), high pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank (7), low temperature oil pump (8), low temperature oil tank (9), high temperature oil pump (10), preheater (11), heat recovery Device (12), heater (13), turbine (14) and generator (15); 冷却器(4)包括冷侧入口、冷侧出口、热侧入口和热侧出口,蓄热器(5)包括冷侧入口、冷侧出口、热侧入口和热侧出口,预热器(11)包括冷侧入口、冷侧出口、热侧入口和热侧出口,回热器(12)包括冷侧入口、冷侧出口、热侧入口和热侧出口,加热器(13)包括冷侧入口、冷侧出口、热侧入口和热侧出口;The cooler (4) includes the cold side inlet, the cold side outlet, the hot side inlet and the hot side outlet, the regenerator (5) includes the cold side inlet, the cold side outlet, the hot side inlet and the hot side outlet, the preheater (11 ) includes cold side inlet, cold side outlet, hot side inlet and hot side outlet, regenerator (12) includes cold side inlet, cold side outlet, hot side inlet and hot side outlet, heater (13) includes cold side inlet , cold side outlet, hot side inlet and hot side outlet; 电动机(1)与压缩机(2)相连,压缩机(2)出口与蓄热器(5)热侧入口相连,蓄热器(5)热侧出口通过蓄能调节阀(162)与高压超临界二氧化碳储罐(7)入口相连,高压超临界二氧化碳储罐(7)出口通过释能调节阀(164)与预热器(11)冷侧入口相连,预热器(11)冷侧出口与加热器(13)冷侧入口相连,加热器(13)冷侧出口与透平(14)入口相连,透平(14)与发电机(15)相连,透平(14)出口与回热器(12)热侧入口相连,回热器(12)热侧出口与冷却器(4)热侧入口相连,冷却器(4)热侧出口与低压超临界二氧化碳储罐(3)入口相连,低压超临界二氧化碳储罐(3)出口通过低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀(167)与压缩机入口相连;The motor (1) is connected to the compressor (2), the outlet of the compressor (2) is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat accumulator (5), and the hot side outlet of the heat accumulator (5) is connected to the high pressure supercharger through the energy storage regulating valve (162). The inlet of the critical carbon dioxide storage tank (7) is connected, the outlet of the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank (7) is connected with the inlet of the cold side of the preheater (11) through the energy release regulating valve (164), and the outlet of the cold side of the preheater (11) is connected with the The heater (13) is connected to the cold side inlet, the heater (13) cold side outlet is connected to the turbine (14) inlet, the turbine (14) is connected to the generator (15), the turbine (14) outlet is connected to the regenerator (12) The hot side inlet is connected, the regenerator (12) hot side outlet is connected to the cooler (4) hot side inlet, the cooler (4) hot side outlet is connected to the low pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank (3) inlet, the low pressure The outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank (3) is connected to the inlet of the compressor through a low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide regulating valve (167); 低温油罐(9)出口与低温油泵(8)相连,低温油泵(8)出口分两路,一路通过蓄热低温油阀(161)与蓄热器(5)冷侧入口相连,蓄热器(5)冷侧出口与高温油罐(6)入口相连,另一路通过回热低温油阀(166)与回热器(12)冷侧入口相连,回热器(12)冷侧出口通过回热高温油阀(163)与高温油罐(6)入口相连,高温油罐(6)出口与高温油泵(10)相连,高温油泵(10)出口通过预热高温油阀(165)与预热器(11)热侧入口相连,预热器(11)热侧出口与低温油罐(9)入口相连。The outlet of the low-temperature oil tank (9) is connected to the low-temperature oil pump (8), and the outlet of the low-temperature oil pump (8) is divided into two routes, one of which is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat accumulator (5) through the heat storage low-temperature oil valve (161), and the heat accumulator (5) The outlet on the cold side is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature oil tank (6), and the other channel is connected to the inlet on the cold side of the regenerator (12) through the reheating low-temperature oil valve (166), and the outlet on the cold side of the regenerator (12) passes through the The hot high-temperature oil valve (163) is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature oil tank (6), the outlet of the high-temperature oil tank (6) is connected to the high-temperature oil pump (10), and the outlet of the high-temperature oil pump (10) passes through the preheating high-temperature oil valve (165) and the preheating The inlet on the hot side of the preheater (11) is connected, and the outlet on the hot side of the preheater (11) is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature oil tank (9). 2.根据权利要求1所述的压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统,其特征在于,冷媒介质与冷却器(4)冷侧入口相连,冷却器(4)冷侧出口与冷媒介质系统相连,冷媒介质是空气或冷却水。2. The compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the refrigerant medium is connected to the inlet of the cold side of the cooler (4), and the outlet of the cold side of the cooler (4) is connected to the refrigerant system, The cooling medium is air or cooling water. 3.根据权利要求1所述的压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统,其特征在于,热媒介质与加热器(13)热侧入口相连,加热器(13)热侧出口与热媒介质系统入口相连,热媒介质是太阳能集热、生物质燃烧或工业废热。3. The compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat medium is connected to the inlet on the hot side of the heater (13), and the outlet on the hot side of the heater (13) is connected to the heat medium system The inlet is connected, and the heat medium is solar heat collection, biomass combustion or industrial waste heat. 4.根据权利要求1所述的压缩超临界二氧化碳蓄能蓄热系统的工作方法,其特征在于,包括以下过程:4. The working method of compressing supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage heat storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, comprising the following process: 在电网负荷低谷期,打开所述蓄热低温油阀(161)、蓄能调节阀(162)和低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀(167),关闭所述回热高温油阀(163)、释能调节阀(164)、预热高温油阀(165)和回热低温油阀(166),低温低压超临界二氧化碳从低压超临界二氧化碳储罐(3)中流出,经低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀(167)进入压缩机(2),电动机(1)将电网多余的电能转化为机械能带动压缩机(2)压缩低压超临界二氧化碳,压缩机(2)出口的高压超临界二氧化碳进入蓄热器(5)的热侧入口,同时低温油罐(9)中的低温导热油经低温油泵(8)和蓄热低温油阀(161)进入蓄热器(5)冷侧入口,两股流体在蓄热器(5)内进行换热,低温导热油经加热后进入高温油罐(6)储存备用,放热后的低温高压超临界二氧化碳储存在高压超临界二氧化碳储罐(7)中储存备用;During the low load period of the power grid, open the heat storage low temperature oil valve (161), energy storage regulating valve (162) and low pressure supercritical carbon dioxide regulating valve (167), close the heat recovery high temperature oil valve (163), release energy Regulating valve (164), preheating high-temperature oil valve (165) and reheating low-temperature oil valve (166), the low-temperature and low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide flows out from the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank (3), and passes through the low-pressure supercritical 167) into the compressor (2), the electric motor (1) converts the excess electric energy of the grid into mechanical energy to drive the compressor (2) to compress the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide, and the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the compressor (2) enters the heat accumulator (5 ), at the same time, the low-temperature heat transfer oil in the low-temperature oil tank (9) enters the cold-side inlet of the heat accumulator (5) through the low-temperature oil pump (8) and the heat storage low-temperature oil valve (161), and the two fluids are stored in the Heat exchange is carried out in the device (5), the low-temperature heat transfer oil is heated and enters the high-temperature oil tank (6) for storage, and the low-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide after heat release is stored in the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank (7) for storage; 在电网负荷高峰期,打开所述回热高温油阀(163)、释能调节阀(164)、预热高温油阀(165)和回热低温油阀(166),关闭所述蓄热低温油阀(161)、蓄能调节阀(162)和低压超临界二氧化碳调节阀(167),低温高压超临界二氧化碳从高压超临界二氧化碳储罐(7)流出从预热器(11)冷侧入口进入,同时高温油罐(6)中的高温导热油经高温油泵(10)和预热高温油阀(165)进入预热器(11)热侧入口,两股流体在预热器(11)内进行换热,放热后的高温导热油进入低温油罐(9)储存备用,预热后的高压超临界二氧化碳进入加热器(13)冷侧入口,热媒介质从加热器(13)热侧入口进入,两股流体在加热器(13)内进行换热,放热后的热媒介质从加热器(13)热侧出口流出系统,被加热后的高温高压超临界二氧化碳进入透平(14)做功带动发电机(15)发电,透平(14)出口的低压超临界二氧化碳进入回热器(12)热侧入口,同时低温油罐(9)中的低温导热油经低温油泵(8)和回热低温油阀(166)进入回热器冷侧入口,回热后的低温导热油经回热高温油阀(163)进入高温油罐(6)储存备用,放热后的低压超临界二氧化碳进入冷却器(4)热侧入口,同时冷媒介质从冷却器(4)冷侧入口进入,两股流体在冷却器(4)内进行换热,吸热后的冷媒介质从冷却器(4)冷侧出口流出系统,被冷却的低温低压超临界二氧化碳储存在低压超临界二氧化碳储罐(3)中。During the peak load period of the power grid, open the heat recovery high temperature oil valve (163), energy release regulating valve (164), preheat high temperature oil valve (165) and heat recovery low temperature oil valve (166), and close the heat storage low temperature oil valve. Oil valve (161), energy storage regulating valve (162) and low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide regulating valve (167), low-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide flows out from the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank (7) and enters from the cold side of the preheater (11) At the same time, the high-temperature heat transfer oil in the high-temperature oil tank (6) enters the hot side inlet of the preheater (11) through the high-temperature oil pump (10) and the preheating high-temperature oil valve (165), and the two streams flow in the preheater (11) The high-temperature heat transfer oil after heat release enters the low-temperature oil tank (9) for storage, and the preheated high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide enters the cold side inlet of the heater (13), and the heat medium is heated from the heater (13) The side inlet enters, and the two fluids exchange heat in the heater (13). The heat medium after heat release flows out of the system from the hot side outlet of the heater (13), and the heated high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide enters the turbine ( 14) Work drives the generator (15) to generate electricity, and the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the turbine (14) enters the hot side inlet of the regenerator (12), while the low-temperature heat transfer oil in the low-temperature oil tank (9) passes through the low-temperature oil pump (8 ) and the reheated low-temperature oil valve (166) enter the cold side inlet of the regenerator, the reheated low-temperature heat transfer oil enters the high-temperature oil tank (6) through the reheated high-temperature oil valve (163) for storage, and the low-pressure ultra- The critical carbon dioxide enters the hot side inlet of the cooler (4), and at the same time, the refrigerant medium enters from the cold side inlet of the cooler (4). 4) The outlet of the cold side flows out of the system, and the cooled low-temperature and low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide is stored in the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank (3).
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