CN107035202B - Gear transmission friction damper and assembly construction process - Google Patents
Gear transmission friction damper and assembly construction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN107035202B CN107035202B CN201710403352.5A CN201710403352A CN107035202B CN 107035202 B CN107035202 B CN 107035202B CN 201710403352 A CN201710403352 A CN 201710403352A CN 107035202 B CN107035202 B CN 107035202B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/023—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising rolling elements, e.g. balls, pins
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于土木工程技术领域，涉及一种消能减震装置，尤其是通过齿轮提供放大位移的摩擦阻尼器。The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering and relates to an energy dissipation damping device, in particular to a friction damper that provides amplified displacement through a gear.
背景技术Background technique
消能减震技术是在结构的抗侧力构件中并联阻尼器，由阻尼器消耗大部分的地震能量，从而保证主体结构的安全，是一种积极有效的抗震策略。现有阻尼器工作时的位移通常与连接点的相对位移相等，故阻尼器宜设置在结构相对变形较大的位置，如结构相对变形小，阻尼器因位移小而不能有效发挥其耗能功能。为此，学者们研发了新技术使得阻尼器的位移大于连接点的相对位移，如：公开号为CN 104314192A的专利中公开了带位移放大装置的阻尼器，即利用杠杆原理增大阻尼器的位移，但杠杆传递效率较低，只有阻尼器尺寸很大时才能获得较大的位移，这样就造成了安装施工的不便，也影响了建筑的使用功能。Energy dissipation and shock absorption technology is to connect dampers in parallel in the lateral force-resistant members of the structure. The dampers consume most of the seismic energy, thus ensuring the safety of the main structure. It is an active and effective anti-seismic strategy. The displacement of the existing damper during operation is usually equal to the relative displacement of the connection point, so the damper should be installed at a position where the relative deformation of the structure is large. If the relative deformation of the structure is small, the damper cannot effectively perform its energy-consuming function due to the small displacement. . To this end, scholars have developed new technologies to make the displacement of the damper greater than the relative displacement of the connection point. For example, the patent with publication number CN 104314192A discloses a damper with a displacement amplification device, which uses the lever principle to increase the damper. displacement, but the lever transmission efficiency is low. Larger displacement can only be obtained when the damper size is large, which causes inconvenience in installation and construction and also affects the use function of the building.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器，该阻尼器在地震时能利用齿轮传动原理实现阻尼器工作位移大于连接点的相对位移，具有良好的耗能能力，且构造简单、安装方便。In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a gear transmission friction damper, which can utilize the gear transmission principle to realize that the working displacement of the damper is greater than the relative displacement of the connection point during an earthquake, has good energy dissipation capacity, and is structurally Simple and easy to install.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems are:
齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器，包括下连接板、下摩擦片、主板、上摩擦片、后角钢、前角钢、下齿条、三联齿轮、双连杆、上齿条、U形连接件、高强螺栓、限位螺栓、齿轮转轴和定位销；主板位于下连接板及分离布置的前角钢、后角钢之间，下摩擦片用环氧树脂粘贴于下连接板的上表面，上摩擦片用环氧树脂粘贴于后角钢和前角钢的下表面，高强螺栓将粘有下摩擦片的下连接板、主板和粘有上摩擦片的后角钢与前角钢连接；三联齿轮、上齿条、下齿条和双连杆位于后角钢和前角钢中间，齿轮转轴穿过前角钢、三联齿轮和后角钢，定位销和限位螺栓穿过前角钢、双连杆和后角钢；主板上表面开凹槽，双连杆下表面开凹槽，上摩擦板中间开齿条孔，下齿条用环氧树脂粘贴于主板凹槽内，上齿条用环氧树脂粘贴于双连杆凹槽内，U形连接件焊接于双连杆端部。Gear transmission friction damper, including lower connecting plate, lower friction plate, main plate, upper friction plate, rear angle steel, front angle steel, lower rack, triple gear, double connecting rod, upper rack, U-shaped connector, high-strength bolts, Limit bolts, gear shafts and positioning pins; the main plate is located between the lower connecting plate and the separately arranged front and rear angle steels. The lower friction plate is pasted on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate with epoxy resin, and the upper friction plate is pasted with epoxy resin. Pasted on the lower surfaces of the rear angle steel and the front angle steel, high-strength bolts connect the lower connecting plate with the lower friction plate, the main plate and the rear angle steel with the upper friction plate to the front angle steel; the triple gear, upper rack, lower rack and The double connecting rod is located between the rear angle steel and the front angle steel. The gear shaft passes through the front angle steel, the triple gear and the rear angle steel. The positioning pin and the limit bolt pass through the front angle steel, the double connecting rod and the rear angle steel. There is a groove on the upper surface of the main plate, and the double connecting rod passes through the front angle steel. A groove is opened on the lower surface of the connecting rod, and a rack hole is opened in the middle of the upper friction plate. The lower rack is pasted in the groove of the main plate with epoxy resin, and the upper rack is pasted in the groove of the double connecting rod with epoxy resin, forming a U-shaped connection. The parts are welded to the ends of the double connecting rods.
三联齿轮由第一齿轮和第二齿轮构成，第一齿轮半径大于第二齿轮半径，第一齿轮和下齿条相啮合，第二齿轮和上齿条相啮合。The triple gear is composed of a first gear and a second gear. The radius of the first gear is greater than the radius of the second gear. The first gear meshes with the lower rack, and the second gear meshes with the upper rack.
齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器包括摩擦单元和齿轮传动单元两个功能单元。摩擦单元由下连接板、下摩擦片、主板、上摩擦片、后角钢、前角钢和高强螺栓组成；齿轮传动单元由下齿条、三联齿轮、双连杆、上齿条、U形连接件、齿轮转轴和限位螺栓组成。齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器工作原理如下：The gear transmission friction damper includes two functional units: friction unit and gear transmission unit. The friction unit is composed of lower connecting plate, lower friction plate, main plate, upper friction plate, rear angle steel, front angle steel and high-strength bolts; the gear transmission unit is composed of lower rack, triple gear, double connecting rod, upper rack, and U-shaped connector , gear shaft and limit bolts. The working principle of gear transmission friction damper is as follows:
①高强螺栓将粘有下摩擦片的下连接板、主板和粘有上摩擦片的后角钢与前角钢连接，通过施加正压力可调节摩擦单元的摩擦力。① High-strength bolts connect the lower connecting plate with the lower friction plate, the main plate, and the rear angle steel with the upper friction plate adhered to the front angle steel. The friction force of the friction unit can be adjusted by applying positive pressure.
②荷载作用下，粘有上齿条的双连杆发生移动，上齿条带动第二齿轮转动，以至于驱动三联齿轮发生转动；当第一齿轮与下齿条的啮合力大于摩擦单元的最大静摩擦力时，粘有下齿条的主板会与粘有下摩擦片的下连接板、粘有上摩擦片的前角钢和后角钢发生相对滑动从而产生摩擦力耗散能量。由于第一齿轮和第二齿轮具有相同的角速度，令r1和r2分别表示第一齿轮半径和第二齿半径，根据齿轮传动原理可知摩擦单元的滑动位移与双连杆位移之比为r1/r2，实现了齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器的位移放大功能。② Under the action of load, the double link with the upper rack moves, and the upper rack drives the second gear to rotate, so that the triple gear is driven to rotate; when the meshing force between the first gear and the lower rack is greater than the maximum friction unit When there is static friction, the main plate with the lower rack stuck on it will slide relative to the lower connecting plate with the lower friction plate stuck on it, and the front angle steel and the rear angle steel with the upper friction plate stuck on it, thereby generating friction and dissipating energy. Since the first gear and the second gear have the same angular velocity, let r 1 and r 2 represent the radius of the first gear and the radius of the second tooth respectively. According to the principle of gear transmission, the ratio of the sliding displacement of the friction unit to the displacement of the double link is r 1 /r 2 , realizing the displacement amplification function of the gear transmission friction damper.
本发明的有益效果是：①齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器利用齿轮传动原理放大了阻尼器的滑动摩擦位移，具有耗能能力强和工作性能稳定的优点；②齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器除了摩擦片其余材料都是钢材，制作方便，成本低廉；③齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器和工程结构用螺栓连接和销栓连接，施工方便，易于检修和更换。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: ① The gear transmission friction damper uses the gear transmission principle to amplify the sliding friction displacement of the damper, and has the advantages of strong energy dissipation capacity and stable working performance; ② The gear transmission friction damper uses all other materials except the friction plate. It is made of steel, easy to make and low in cost; ③The gear transmission friction damper and the engineering structure are connected with bolts and pins, which is convenient to construct, easy to repair and replace.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a gear transmission friction damper.
图2是图1中摩擦单元示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the friction unit in Figure 1.
图3是图1中齿轮传动单元示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the gear transmission unit in Figure 1.
图4是图1中下连接片示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the lower connecting piece in Figure 1.
图5是图1中下摩擦片示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the lower friction plate in Figure 1.
图6是图1中主板示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the motherboard in Figure 1.
图7是图1中主板与下齿条粘接示意图。Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the bonding between the main board and the lower rack in Figure 1.
图8是图1中上摩擦片示意图。Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the upper friction plate in Figure 1.
图9是图1中后角钢示意图。Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the rear angle steel in Figure 1.
图10是图1中前角钢示意图。Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the front angle steel in Figure 1.
图11是图1中三联齿轮示意图。Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the triple gear in Figure 1.
图12是图3中焊有U形连接件的双连杆示意图。Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the double connecting rod with a U-shaped connector welded in Figure 3.
图13是图1中双连杆与上齿条粘接示意图。Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the bonding between the double connecting rod and the upper rack in Figure 1.
图14是图1中齿轮转轴示意图。Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the gear shaft in Figure 1.
图15是图1中定位销示意图Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the positioning pin in Figure 1
图中，1-下连接板，2-下摩擦片，3-主板，4-上摩擦片，5-后角钢，6-前角钢，7-下齿条，8-三联齿轮，9-双连杆，10-上齿条，11-U形连接件，12-高强螺栓，13-限位螺栓，14-齿轮转轴，15-定位销，401-下连接板螺栓孔，402-下连接板固定螺栓孔，501-下摩擦板螺栓孔，601-主板长槽孔，602-主板凹槽，801-上摩擦片螺栓孔，802-齿条孔，901-后角钢限位孔，902-后角钢转轴孔，903-后角钢螺栓孔，904-后角钢定位孔，1001-前角钢限位孔，1002-前角钢转轴孔，1003-前角钢螺栓孔，1004-前角钢定位孔，1101-第一齿轮，1102-第二齿轮，1103-三联齿轮中轴孔，1201-双连杆限位孔，1202-双连杆凹槽，1203-销栓孔，1204-双连杆定位孔。In the picture, 1-lower connecting plate, 2-lower friction plate, 3-main plate, 4-upper friction plate, 5-rear angle steel, 6-front angle steel, 7-lower rack, 8-triple gear, 9-double link Rod, 10-upper rack, 11-U-shaped connector, 12-high-strength bolt, 13-limit bolt, 14-gear shaft, 15-positioning pin, 401-lower connecting plate bolt hole, 402-lower connecting plate fixation Bolt hole, 501-lower friction plate bolt hole, 601-main plate long slot hole, 602-main plate groove, 801-upper friction plate bolt hole, 802-rack hole, 901-rear angle steel limit hole, 902-rear angle steel Rotary shaft hole, 903-rear angle steel bolt hole, 904-rear angle steel positioning hole, 1001-front angle steel limit hole, 1002-front angle steel rotation shaft hole, 1003-front angle steel bolt hole, 1004-front angle steel positioning hole, 1101-first Gear, 1102-second gear, 1103-triple gear central shaft hole, 1201-double link limit hole, 1202-double link groove, 1203-pin bolt hole, 1204-double link positioning hole.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
根据图1和图3所示，齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器，包括下连接板1、下摩擦片2、主板3、上摩擦片4、后角钢5、前角钢6、下齿条7、三联齿轮8、双连杆9、上齿条10、U形连接件11、高强螺栓12、限位螺栓13、齿轮转轴14和定位销15。As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the gear transmission friction damper includes lower connecting plate 1, lower friction plate 2, main plate 3, upper friction plate 4, rear angle steel 5, front angle steel 6, lower rack 7, triple gear 8 , double connecting rod 9, upper rack 10, U-shaped connector 11, high-strength bolt 12, limit bolt 13, gear shaft 14 and positioning pin 15.
根据图6、图7、图12和图13所示，主板3上表面开凹槽，双连杆9下表面开凹槽，上摩擦板4中间开齿条孔802，下齿条7用环氧树脂粘贴于主板凹槽602内，上齿条10用环氧树脂粘贴于双连杆凹槽1202内。According to Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 12 and Figure 13, the upper surface of the main plate 3 has a groove, the lower surface of the double link 9 has a groove, the upper friction plate 4 has a rack hole 802 in the middle, and the lower rack 7 has a ring. Oxygen resin is pasted in the mainboard groove 602, and the upper rack 10 is pasted in the double-link groove 1202 with epoxy resin.
根据图2、图4、图5、图6、图8、图9和图10所示，两个高强螺栓12穿过后角钢螺栓孔903、上摩擦片螺栓孔801、主板长槽孔601、下摩擦片螺栓孔501和下连接板螺栓孔401，另外两个高强螺栓12穿过前角钢螺栓孔1003、上摩擦片螺栓孔801、主板长槽孔601、下摩擦片螺栓孔501和下连接板螺栓孔401。According to Figure 2, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 8, Figure 9 and Figure 10, two high-strength bolts 12 pass through the rear angle steel bolt hole 903, the upper friction plate bolt hole 801, the main plate long slot hole 601, and the lower The friction plate bolt hole 501 and the lower connecting plate bolt hole 401, the other two high-strength bolts 12 pass through the front angle steel bolt hole 1003, the upper friction plate bolt hole 801, the main plate long slot hole 601, the lower friction plate bolt hole 501 and the lower connecting plate Bolt hole 401.
根据图3、图11和图12所示，三联齿轮8由第一齿轮1101和第二齿轮1102构成，第一齿轮1101半径大于第二齿轮1102，第一齿轮1101与下齿条7相啮合，第二齿轮1102与上齿条10相啮合，齿轮转轴14穿过前角钢转轴孔1002、三联齿轮中轴孔1103和后角钢转轴孔902。According to Figures 3, 11 and 12, the triple gear 8 is composed of a first gear 1101 and a second gear 1102. The radius of the first gear 1101 is larger than that of the second gear 1102. The first gear 1101 meshes with the lower rack 7. The second gear 1102 meshes with the upper rack 10, and the gear shaft 14 passes through the front angle steel shaft hole 1002, the triple gear center shaft hole 1103 and the rear angle steel shaft hole 902.
根据图1、图14和图15所示，双连杆9位于后角钢5和前角钢6中间。定位销15穿过前角钢定位孔1004、双连杆定位孔1204和后角钢定位孔904，两个限位螺栓14穿过前角钢限位孔1001、双连杆限位孔1201和后角钢限位孔901。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 14 and Figure 15, the double connecting rod 9 is located between the rear angle steel 5 and the front angle steel 6. The positioning pin 15 passes through the front angle steel positioning hole 1004, the double link positioning hole 1204 and the rear angle steel positioning hole 904. The two limit bolts 14 pass through the front angle steel limit hole 1001, the double link limit hole 1201 and the rear angle steel limit. Bit hole 901.
根据图2、图5、图8、图9和图10所示，下摩擦片2用环氧树脂粘贴在下连接板1的上表面，上摩擦片4用环氧树脂粘贴在后角钢5和前角钢6的下表面，后角钢5和前角钢6构造和尺寸完全相同。According to Figure 2, Figure 5, Figure 8, Figure 9 and Figure 10, the lower friction plate 2 is pasted on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate 1 with epoxy resin, and the upper friction plate 4 is pasted on the rear angle steel 5 and the front angle steel with epoxy resin. The lower surface of the angle steel 6, the rear angle steel 5 and the front angle steel 6 have exactly the same structure and size.
该齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器的装配施工过程如下：The assembly and construction process of the gear transmission friction damper is as follows:
①采用环氧树脂将下摩擦片2粘贴在下连接板1的上表面，将上摩擦片4粘贴在后角钢5和前角钢6的下表面，将下齿条7粘贴于主板凹槽602内，将上齿条10粘贴于双连杆凹槽1202内，U形连接件12焊接在双连杆10的端部；① Use epoxy resin to stick the lower friction plate 2 on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate 1, stick the upper friction plate 4 on the lower surfaces of the rear angle steel 5 and the front angle steel 6, and stick the lower rack 7 into the main plate groove 602. Paste the upper rack 10 in the double-link groove 1202, and weld the U-shaped connector 12 to the end of the double-link 10;
②两个高强螺栓12穿过后角钢螺栓孔903、上摩擦片螺栓孔801、主板长槽孔601、下摩擦片螺栓孔501和下连接板螺栓孔401，另两个高强螺栓12穿过前角钢螺栓孔1003、上摩擦片螺栓孔801、主板长槽孔601、下摩擦片螺栓孔501和下连接板螺栓孔401，各构件的孔位中心同轴，高强螺栓12预紧施加正压力；②Two high-strength bolts 12 pass through the rear angle steel bolt hole 903, the upper friction plate bolt hole 801, the main plate long slot hole 601, the lower friction plate bolt hole 501 and the lower connecting plate bolt hole 401, and the other two high-strength bolts 12 pass through the front angle steel The bolt hole 1003, the upper friction plate bolt hole 801, the main plate long slot hole 601, the lower friction plate bolt hole 501 and the lower connecting plate bolt hole 401, the hole centers of each component are coaxial, and the high-strength bolt 12 is pre-tightened to apply positive pressure;
③三联齿轮8位于后角钢5和前角钢6中间，齿轮转轴14穿过前角钢转轴孔1002、三联齿轮中轴孔1103和后角钢转轴孔902，并由螺母固定，第一齿轮1101与下齿条7啮合；③ The triple gear 8 is located between the rear angle steel 5 and the front angle steel 6. The gear shaft 14 passes through the front angle steel shaft hole 1002, the triple gear center shaft hole 1103 and the rear angle steel shaft hole 902, and is fixed by a nut. The first gear 1101 and the lower teeth Bar 7 engages;
④双连杆9位于后角钢5和前角钢6中间，定位销15穿过前角钢定位孔1004、双连杆定位孔1204和后角钢定位孔904，两个限位螺栓13穿过前角钢限位孔1001、双连杆限位孔1201和后角钢限位孔901，第二齿轮1102与上齿条10啮合；④ The double link 9 is located between the rear angle steel 5 and the front angle steel 6. The positioning pin 15 passes through the front angle steel positioning hole 1004, the double link positioning hole 1204 and the rear angle steel positioning hole 904. The two limit bolts 13 pass through the front angle steel limit. Position hole 1001, double-link limit hole 1201 and rear angle steel limit hole 901, the second gear 1102 meshes with the upper rack 10;
⑤齿轮传动摩擦阻尼器下连接板1通过下连接板固定螺栓孔402与工程结构螺栓连接，U形连接件12通过销栓孔1203与工程结构销栓连接；⑤ The lower connecting plate 1 of the gear transmission friction damper is bolted to the engineering structure through the lower connecting plate fixing bolt hole 402, and the U-shaped connector 12 is pin-bolted to the engineering structure through the pin hole 1203;
⑥拔出定位销15，进入可工作状态。⑥ Pull out the positioning pin 15 and enter the working state.
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| CN108086515A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-29 | 河北工业大学 | The efficient shearing damp device of gear and assembling constructing method |
| CN108049689A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-18 | 河北工业大学 | Self-resetting gear shears damper and assembling constructing method |
| CN108166642A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-15 | 河北工业大学 | Gear mild steel damper and assembling constructing method |
| CN109680826A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-26 | 河北工业大学 | Speed scale-up version viscous damping wall and assembling constructing method |
| CN109736467B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-07-17 | 长安大学 | Bidirectional damping hinge device and damping method |
| CN110761434A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-07 | 上海史狄尔建筑减震科技有限公司 | Friction damper with built-in inertial volume unit |
| CN115538835B (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2024-01-05 | 北京工业大学 | Self-resetting rotary amplifying friction energy dissipation damper |
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