CN107024467A - A kind of novel farmland underground moisture and potassium element detection means - Google Patents
A kind of novel farmland underground moisture and potassium element detection means Download PDFInfo
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- CN107024467A CN107024467A CN201710263896.6A CN201710263896A CN107024467A CN 107024467 A CN107024467 A CN 107024467A CN 201710263896 A CN201710263896 A CN 201710263896A CN 107024467 A CN107024467 A CN 107024467A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 86
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002536 laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- XBTHILIDLBPRPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2',4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl XBTHILIDLBPRPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000931526 Acer campestre Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
- G01N21/718—Laser microanalysis, i.e. with formation of sample plasma
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of novel farmland underground moisture and potassium element detection means, including detection shell, detection shell right-hand member is provided with sliding rail, sliding panel is provided with sliding rail, sliding panel right-hand member is connected with casing, casing lower end is provided with several water content detections probe, detection enclosure is provided with laser detection module, detection shell left end is provided with connecting rod, connecting rod left end is provided with mounting seat, supersonic range finder is provided with mounting seat, detection shell left end is provided with breaker, detection shell lower end is provided with clean-up scraper and shading baffle, the laser detection module detection soil set by detecting in shell, utilize LIBS, high intensity laser beam hot spot is formed on analysis of material surface, the Determination of Potassium information in soil can be obtained by carrying out detection to this spectrum, popped one's head in by the water content detection of drill-bit type, soil moisture is detected using water suction force detection mode, gather the information parameter of soil in field, it is worthy to be popularized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Soil K+adsorption technical field, specially a kind of novel farmland underground moisture is detected with potassium element
Device.
Background technology
Mineral matter of the soil by rock decay, animals and plants, organic matter that microorganism residuum decomposition is produced, geobiont
(solid matter) and moisture (liquid phase substance), air (gaseous substance), the composition such as the humus of oxidation.Solid matter includes soil
Earth mineral matter, organic matter and microorganism pass through nutriment for being obtained after the antibacterial sterilizing of illumination etc..Liquid substance refers mainly to soil moisture.
Gas is the air being present in soil aperture.The class material of this in soil three constitutes a unity of contradictions body.They are mutual
Contact, conditions each other, and provides required living condition for crop, is the material base of soil fertility.The soil water is plant absorption
The main source (except hydroponic plant) of moisture, plant can also directly absorb in addition falls the moisture on blade on a small quantity.Soil
The main source of water is precipitation and irrigation water, participates in the moisture systemic circulation of lithosphere-biosphere-atmospheric thermodynamics-circle-hydrosphere.And it is native
The potassium element being rich in earth is also the main component of nutrient.
Application No. 201510122666.9, a kind of entitled patent of invention of Soil K+adsorption improved equipment, the first drill bit
It is used for the drilling of Soil K+adsorption improved equipment installed in the lower end of body, the upper end that handle is arranged on body is used to grip soil inspection
Improved equipment is surveyed, the upper end of body is provided with relative to the symmetrical cylinder of body center, and the inside of cylinder is provided with piston, piston
Lower end the second drill bit is connected with by piston rod, the bottom of body is provided with impurity dispersion machine, and the inside of body is provided with use
In being provided with rotating shaft on the motor for driving the first drill bit, motor, the both sides of rotating shaft are symmetrically distributed with material storing room, the upper end peace of rotating shaft
Equipped with air compressor, air compressor forms closed Sampling Machine inner chamber with body, and Sampling Machine inner chamber top is provided with analysis
Instrument, the equipment can effective detection the content of soil, change soil performance, optimize planting environment.But it is in soil
The detection of the moisture and potassium element in portion does not have a good solution, thus devise a kind of novel farmland underground moisture with
Potassium element detection means.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of novel farmland underground moisture and potassium element
Detection means, the laser detection module detection soil set by detecting in shell is high using LIBS
Energy laser pulse directly hits pedotheque surface, and high intensity laser beam hot spot is formed on analysis of material surface, and this spectrum is carried out
Detection can obtain the Determination of Potassium information in soil, be popped one's head in by the water content detection of drill-bit type, using water suction force detection mode
To detect soil moisture, it can be very good to gather the information parameter of soil in field, be worthy to be popularized.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of novel farmland underground moisture and potassium member
Plain detection means, including detection shell, the detection shell right-hand member are provided with sliding rail, the sliding rail and are provided with cunning
Dynamic plate, the sliding panel right-hand member is connected with casing, and the casing lower end is provided with outside several water content detections probe, the detection
Shell is internally provided with laser detection module, and the detection shell left end is provided with connecting rod, and the connecting rod left end is provided with peace
Fill in seat, the mounting seat and be provided with supersonic range finder, the detection shell left end is provided with outside breaker, the detection
Shell lower end is provided with clean-up scraper and shading baffle；
Water content detection probe be connected with singlechip controller, the singlechip controller be connected with clock module,
Power module, keyboard interface, data storage, LCD display, alarm module and serial data coffret；
The laser detection module includes incident optical and collection optical fiber, and the incident optical connects with collection optical fiber lower end
It is connected on focus lens assembly, the focus lens assembly is provided at both ends with lens installation foot, the incident optical is connected with Nd:
YAG laser, the Nd:YAG laser is connected with time-delay generator, and the time-delay generator is connected with CCD camera, described
CCD camera is connected with host computer and grating spectrograph, and the host computer is connected with time-delay generator, the grating spectrograph with
Collection optical fiber is connected.
As a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the detection shell is included in housing main body, the housing main body
Portion is provided with probe installing plate, and the probe installing plate is obliquely installed, and the housing main body upper end is provided with bending segment, described outer
Shell main body upper end is provided with shell aperture, and the shell aperture is internally provided with inside rubber seal plug, the rubber seal plug
Leaded perforation is set, and the housing main body lower end is provided with scraper plate and installs groove and shadow shield installation groove, the scraper plate peace
Fill groove and groove insertion installation bolt is installed with shadow shield.
As a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the water content detection probe includes setting on drill bit, the drill bit
Have and through hole is provided with helical blade, the drill bit, the through hole upper end is provided with plastic tube, the plastic tube lower end is provided with
Pot clay end, the plastic tube upper end is connected with discharge, and the discharge is connected with piezoresistance sensor, and the discharge upper end is set
It is equipped with discharge rubber stopper.
As a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the supersonic range finder includes ranging shell, the ranging
Enclosure, which is provided with flexible PCB, the flexible PCB, is provided with two ultrasonic probes, the ultrasonic probe
Lower end is provided with horn mouth, and the ranging enclosure is provided with hollow puigging, and the ranging enclosure is provided with poly- second
Alkene foaming sound-proof layer.
As a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the breaker includes plough mainboard, and the plough mainboard left end is set
Broken ground sword, and the plough mainboard lower end is provided with plough base, the plough base and is provided with rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft is connected with
Plough point, the plough point cross section is triangular structure, and the plough base lower end is provided with leveling roll.
As a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the singlechip controller uses STC90C58AD for master control core
Piece, the analog signal transmission collected that water content detection is popped one's head in is turned to singlechip controller by STC90C58AD AD converter
It is changed to data signal and is stored in singlechip controller, the time value that clock chip is read while storage is stored in the lump, i.e.,
Recordable acquisition time.
As a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the clock module uses DS1302 clock chips to be provided for system
Time, LCD display is controlled to show the time of current testing soil humidity, DS1302 and single-chip microcomputer by singlechip controller
Controller is communicated by the way of synchronous serial, and the RES for controlling DS1302 respectively by P3.5, P3.6 and P3.7 pin resets
End, I/O data terminals and SLCk serial clock terminals.
As a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the LCD display uses QC-1602LCD liquid crystal displays, right
The data collected are shown that operating voltage is 4.5-5.5V, P2.5, P2.6 and P2.7 pin point of singlechip controller in real time
Lian Jie not the Enable Pin of liquid crystal display, read/write selection end and data/command selection end.
As a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the power module includes the photovoltaic frame for being arranged on casing upper end,
The photovoltaic frame upper end is provided with photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic frame is provided at both ends with adjusting nut, and the photovoltaic frame lower end is connected with
Solar cell.
As a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the alarm module uses buzzing type alarm, by single-chip microcomputer
The P3.2 mouths of controller are controlled to warning circuit, and when singlechip controller exports low level, Q1 conductings, buzzer is sent
Alarm, illustrates threshold value of the soil moisture less than setting.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The laser detection module inspection set by detecting in shell
Soil is surveyed, using LIBS, High Power Laser Pulses directly hit pedotheque surface, in analysis of material table
Face forms high intensity laser beam hot spot, and the Determination of Potassium information in soil can be obtained by carrying out detection to this spectrum, pass through drill-bit type
Water content detection probe, soil moisture is detected using water suction force detection mode, can be very good gather field in soil letter
Parameter is ceased, is worthy to be popularized.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is internal structure block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is laser detection modular structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is present invention detection shell mechanism schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is water content detection sonde configuration schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is supersonic range finder structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is breaker structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is clock module circuit diagram of the present invention.
In figure：1- detects shell, 2- sliding rails, 3- sliding panels, 4- casings, 5- water content detections probe, 6- laser detections
Module, 7- connecting rods, 8- mounting seats, 9- supersonic range finders, 10- breakers, 11- clean-up scrapers, 12- shading baffles, 13- is mono-
Piece machine controller, 14- clock modules, 15- power modules, 16- keyboard interfaces, 17- data storages, 18-LCD displays, 19-
Alarm module, 20- serial data coffrets, 21- incident opticals, 22- collection optical fiber, 23- focus lens assemblies, 24- lens
Installation foot, 25-Nd:Outside YAG laser, 26- time-delay generators, 27-CCD cameras, 28- host computers, 29- grating spectrographs, 30-
Shell main body, 31- probe installing plates, 32- bending segments, 33- shell apertures, 34- rubber seal plugs, the perforation of 35- leads, 36- scraper plates
Installation groove, 37- shadow shields installation groove, 38- installation bolts, 39- drill bits, 40- helical blades, 41- through holes, 42- plastic tubes,
43- pot clay ends, 44- discharges, 45- piezoresistance sensors, 46- discharge rubber stoppers, 47- ranging shells, 48- flexible PCBs,
49- ultrasonic probes, 50- horn mouths, the hollow puiggings of 51-, 52- polyethylene foam puiggings, 53- plough mainboards, 54- breaks ground
Sword, 55- plough bases, 56- rotary shafts, 57- plough points, 58- leveling rolls, 59- photovoltaic framves, 60- photovoltaic panels, 61- adjusting nuts, 62-
Solar cell.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment：
As shown in Figures 1 to 8, the invention provides a kind of novel farmland underground moisture and potassium element detection means,
Including detection shell 1, the detection right-hand member of shell 1, which is provided with sliding rail 2, the sliding rail 2, is provided with sliding panel 3,
The right-hand member of sliding panel 3 is connected with casing 4, and the lower end of casing 4 is provided with outside several water content detections probe 5, the detection
Shell 1 is internally provided with laser detection module 6, and the detection left end of shell 1 is provided with connecting rod 7, and the left end of connecting rod 7 is set
Have and supersonic range finder 9 be provided with mounting seat 8, the mounting seat 8, the detection left end of shell 1 is provided with breaker 10,
Detection shell 1 lower end is provided with clean-up scraper 11 and shading baffle 12；
The present invention sets the cunning that can be slided up and down when work in the sliding rail 2 that detection shell 1 right-hand member is set
Dynamic plate 3, sliding panel 3 fixes casing 4, and the various circuit elements in the present invention are then placed inside casing 4, under casing 4
The water content detection first 5 that end is set be can be inserted into inside soil, and soil internal moisture is detected, and detect what is set in casing 1
The laser that laser detection module 6 is sent by optical fiber carries out spectrum analysis to soil surface, and shadow shield 12 prevents light leak influence from swashing
Photo measure effect, shadow shield 12 is one block of plate being obliquely installed, and cross section is ladder structure of right angle, the process used in equipment
In, stretched into detection shell 1 in soil, soil is scraped smooth by the clean-up scraper 11 set in the left end of shadow shield 12.Detect shell 1
Left end is provided with connecting rod 7, the measurement of supersonic range finder 9 and the distance of soil surface that the lower end of connecting rod 7 is installed, so as to count
The depth that equipment is stretched into inside soil is calculated, the depth is the soil depth that breaker 10 is broken, that is, clean-up scraper 11 is with hiding
The lower end of tabula rasa 12 and the distance of upper soll layer, determine the soil layer depth of measurement parameter, break soil by breaker 10, enter
Row soil internal layer species analysis, clean-up scraper 11 is used to blow off in the soil of out-of-flatness, it is to avoid soil, which rises and falls, influences Spectroscopic analysis results.
Apparatus of the present invention are mutually corresponding with depth of soil by soil parameters, improve the accuracy and reliability of soil parameters measurement.
The water content detection probe 5, which is connected with singlechip controller 13, the singlechip controller 13, is connected with clock
Module 14, power module 15, keyboard interface 16, data storage 17, LCD display 18, alarm module 19 are passed with serial data
Defeated interface 20；
As shown in Fig. 2 in the present invention, the parameter of water content detection probe 5 is by bound transmission to singlechip controller 13, water
The humidity signal that point detection probe 5 is detected is transferred to the A/D converter in singlechip controller 13, is converted into digital letter
Signal transacting is carried out by singlechip controller 13 after number, by data storage 17 by the moisture signal collected and time number
According to storing simultaneously, the humidity parameter of certain time point is obtained, and sends result to the directly perceived aobvious of the progress data of LCD display 18
Show, when threshold value of the humidity detected less than setting, the work of alarm module 19 sends alarm signal, realizes for soil
The early warning of humidity, and by the Serial Port Transmission of the progress data of serial data coffret 20, it is convenient to utilize computer to carry out data
Further processing.
As shown in figure 3, the laser detection module 6 includes incident optical 21 and collection optical fiber 22, the incident optical 21
Focus lens assembly 23 is connected with by lens installation foot 24 with one end for gathering optical fiber 22, the incident optical 21 it is another
End is connected with Nd:YAG laser 25, the Nd:YAG laser 25 is connected with time-delay generator 26, the time-delay generator 26
CCD camera 27 is connected with, the CCD camera 27 is connected with host computer 28, and the host computer 28 is connected with time-delay generator 26；
The other end of the collection optical fiber 22 is connected with grating spectrograph 29, and the grating spectrograph 29 is connected with CCD camera 27.
In the present invention, laser detection module 6 is the module of detection potassium element, when in use, adjusts focus lens group
Part 23 causes two focuses to be located in same point, and incident optical 21 receives Nd:The laser that YAG laser 25 is launched, Nd:
YAG laser 25 launches optical maser wavelength 1064nm, Laser emission using France's Quantel companies CFR200 type pulse lasers
The light reflected back afterwards enters in grating spectrograph 29 after collection optical fiber 22, and spectrometer is from Andor companies of Britain
SR-500I types, built-in rotation cone pulley and three gratings, respectively 600,1200 and 1800g/mm, spectral resolution are reachable
0.04nm, is formed by the progress spectrographic detection of CCD camera 27 after spectrum, spectral detector is the enhanced CCD of iStarDH334 types,
Time shutter 2ns, spectral detection scope 180-850nm, carry out spectrum analysis detection, due in detection process soil etc. from
The signal to noise ratio and spectral resolution of subsignal are relatively low, therefore are additionally arranged time-delay generator 26, select the suitable sampling delay time
Enhanced CCD is driven, the accurate detection of the discrete atom spectrum of soil nutrient to be measured is realized, host computer 28 completes parameter matching behaviour
Make.
As shown in figure 4, in the present invention, the detection shell 1 includes housing main body 30, the inside of housing main body 30 is set
There is probe installing plate 31, the probe installing plate 31 is obliquely installed, and the probe installing plate 31 being obliquely installed can be by focus lens group
Part 23 is tilted and fixed so that two focuses are located in same point, and the upper end of housing main body 30 is provided with bending segment 32, described
The upper end of housing main body 30 is provided with shell aperture 33, and the opening that top is set is smaller, it is to avoid light enters inside detection shell 1,
The shell aperture 33 is internally provided with rubber seal plug 34, is further in the light, and the rubber seal plug 34, which is internally provided with, to be drawn
Line perforation 35, for through incident optical 21 and collection optical fiber 22, and by incident optical 21 with gathering the laser that is connected of optical fiber 22
Miscellaneous part is arranged in casing 4 in detection module 6, and the lower end of housing main body 30 is provided with scraper plate and installs groove 36 and shading
Plate installs groove 37, and the scraper plate installs groove 36 and installs the insertion installation bolt 38 of groove 37 with shadow shield, passes through installation bolt
38 fix clean-up scraper 11 and shading baffle 12, it is to avoid cause clean-up scraper 11 to occur position with shading baffle 12 in equipment traveling process
Bias effect stabilization of equipment performance.
As shown in figure 5, in the present invention, the water content detection probe 5 includes being provided with spiral on drill bit 39, the drill bit 39
Blade 40, can be rotated into inside soil, be provided with through hole 41 in the drill bit 39, through hole 41 drill bit 39 enter soil it
Afterwards so that a certain amount of soil is entered inside through hole 41, the upper end of through hole 41 is provided with plastic tube 42, the plastic tube 42
Lower end is provided with pot clay end 43, and pot clay end 43 is contacted with the soil inside through hole 41, and the upper end of plastic tube 42 is connected with gas collection
Pipe 44, the discharge 44 is connected with piezoresistance sensor 45, and the upper end of discharge 44 is provided with discharge rubber stopper 46, used
When, the discharge rubber stopper 46 of the upper end of discharge 44 is opened, water is internally added, pot clay end 43 is the induction part of instrument
Part, with many small holes, pot clay end 43 is flooded after profit, and water membrane is formed in hole, when full of water and sealing
Water content detection probe 5 when inserting the undersaturated soil of moisture, moisture film is just connected with the soil water, makes the aquatic products of instrument internal
Raw negative pressure, negative pressure is converted into electric signal by this suction function in the piezoresistance sensor 45 of solid-state, piezoresistance sensor 45, so as to obtain
The electric signal of arbitrfary point soil suction in the range of 0-100kPa is obtained, and the two has good linear relationship, piezoresistance sensor 45
The signal collected can be exported to singlechip controller 13 or external memorizer, and electric signal numerical value is collected, due to
The two keeps good linear relationship, directly can be converted into soil interior humidity numerical value by the numerical value of electric signal, obtain soil
Earth water parameters.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present invention, the supersonic range finder 9 is included in ranging shell 47, the ranging shell 47
Portion is provided with flexible PCB 48, the flexible PCB 48 and is provided with two ultrasonic probes 49, and flexible PCB 48 drives
Move one of ultrasonic probe 49 and send ultrasonic wave, the lower end of ultrasonic probe 49 is provided with horn mouth 50, what is sent is super
Sound wave dissipates by horn mouth 50 is lower backward, touches and reflects after soil surface, again passes by horn mouth 50 and enter another
In one ultrasonic probe 49, circuit collects the round time in flexible PCB 48, is calculated and soil surface
Distance, the ranging shell 47 is internally provided with hollow puigging 51 and polyethylene foam puigging 52, and many sound-insulating structures are set
Meter so that supersonic range finder 9 keeps good stability when work out of doors, it is to avoid noise jamming.
As shown in fig. 7, in the present invention, the breaker 10 includes plough mainboard 53, the plough left end of mainboard 53 is provided with brokenly
Native sword 54, the sword 54 that breaks ground is obliquely installed on plough mainboard 53, after the sword 54 that breaks ground is contacted with soil, soil is broken, the plough
The lower end of mainboard 53 is provided with plough base 55, the plough base 55 and is provided with rotary shaft 56, and the rotary shaft 56 is connected with plough point
57, the cross section of plough point 57 is triangular structure, and effect of breaking ground is good, is designed using rotary shaft 56 so that plough point 57 can be adjusted
Angle is saved, the operation of breaking ground of different angles is realized, plough base 55 lower end is provided with leveling roll 58, and the soil pressure broken is smooth
Afterwards, the laser detection module 6 after being easy to carries out laser detection analysis soil element.The course of work of breaker 10 is：Use
When, the slant setting of breaker 10 is in soil surface, and detection means is from right to left in moving process, and plough point 57 touches soil first
Earth, with going deep into for plough point 57, soil is routed up and broken by the sword 54 that breaks ground, and 58 pairs of soil surfaces broken of leveling roll are put down
Whole, during breaker 10 breaks ground, the clean-up scraper 11 and shadow shield 12 of detection casing 1 bottom being arranged on the right side of it insert soil
In earth, the soil broken is further scraped smooth by clean-up scraper 11, and shadow shield 12 is made of light screening material, with certain bullet
Property, it is close to close with soil so that the inside of detection shell 1 keeps good dark surrounds, more accurately to carry out Potassium in Soils member
Element detection.
In the present invention, the singlechip controller 13 uses STC90C58AD for main control chip, and water content detection probe 5 is adopted
The analog signal transmission collected is converted to data signal by STC90C58AD AD converter and stored to singlechip controller 13
In singlechip controller 13, the time value that clock chip is read while storage is stored in the lump, you can record acquisition time, is surveyed
Examination gained soil moisture value shows that the data collected need the alarm with prestoring in real time after conversion on LCD display 18
Threshold value is compared, and such as exceedes threshold value, then output alarm signal, and for the setting of threshold value, then be by keyboard interface 16 outside
Keyboard is connect, threshold data input is carried out.
In the present invention, the clock module 14 uses DS1302 clock chips to provide the time for system, passes through single-chip microcomputer control
Device 13 processed controls LCD display 18 to show the time of current testing soil humidity, and DS1302 is used with singlechip controller 13
The mode of synchronous serial is communicated, and controls DS1302 RES reset terminals, I/O data respectively by P3.5, P3.6 and P3.7 pin
End and SLCk serial clock terminals, the main function of clock module 14 in the present invention are to carry out real-time time record, work as equipment
The humidity parameter collected during work, is required for a corresponding time to record, can be provided very by clock module 14
Good time record, the data analysis after being easy to can obtain the humidity information of different time.
In the present invention, the LCD display 18 uses QC-1602LCD liquid crystal displays, the data collected is carried out real
When show, operating voltage is 4.5-5.5V, and P2.5, P2.6 and P2.7 pin of singlechip controller 13 connect liquid crystal display respectively
Enable Pin, read/write selection end and data/command selection end, for the brightness of adjustable liquid crystal display display, in liquid crystal display
VO pins access a variable resistor, because be open-drain output after the P1 mouths energization of singlechip controller 13, therefore in liquid crystal
Show a data port 10k Ω exclusion in parallel for device as pull-up resistor, you can to realize the regulation and control for brightness.
In the present invention, the power module 15 includes the photovoltaic frame 59 for being arranged on the upper end of casing 4, the upper end of photovoltaic frame 59
Photovoltaic panel 60 is provided with, photovoltaic panel 60 is movably arranged in photovoltaic frame 59, the photovoltaic frame 60 is provided at both ends with adjusting nut 61,
When routine use, after adjusting nut 61 is unclamped, the angle of photovoltaic panel 60 is adjusted so that the alignment sun of photovoltaic panel 60 is straight
Penetrate, the lower end of photovoltaic frame 60 is connected with solar cell 62, inside is connected photovoltaic panel 60 with solar cell 62 by wire
It is connected together, the electric energy that solar energy is converted into, the power supply available for system is stored by solar cell 62.
In the present invention, the alarm module 19 uses buzzing type alarm, and buzzer siren when in use, can be with
Good audible ringing signal is sent, because the environment of detection is generally outdoor, light can be caused stronger, light alarm is difficult hair
It is existing, therefore buzzing type alarm is used, the circuit of alarm is controlled by the P3.2 mouths of singlechip controller 13, works as list
When piece machine controller 13 exports low level, Q1 conductings, buzzer sends alarm, illustrates threshold value of the soil moisture less than setting, can
Soil moisture is monitored while detection, it is to avoid humidity is too low.
Soil is broken by breaker 10 during present invention work, struck off soil by clean-up scraper 11, and pass through shadow shield
12 to keep dark condition in detection casing 1, and soil interior element, supersonic range finder 9 are detected using laser detection module 6
Collect the distance between soil plane and supersonic range finder 9, and supersonic range finder 9 and the vertical distance of clean-up scraper 11
, it is known that the depth that soil is inserted in equipment lower end can be measured, casing 4 is slided up and down in sliding rail 2, by water content detection probe 5
Insert in soil, detect soil moisture.
The laser detection module detection soil that the present invention is set by detecting in shell, utilizes LIBS skill
Art, High Power Laser Pulses directly hit pedotheque surface, high intensity laser beam hot spot are formed on analysis of material surface, to this spectrum
The Determination of Potassium information in soil can be obtained by carrying out detection, popped one's head in, detected using water suction force by the water content detection of drill-bit type
Mode detects soil moisture, can be very good to gather the information parameter of soil in field, is worthy to be popularized.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit is required rather than described above is limited, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.Any reference in claim should not be considered as to the claim involved by limitation.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of novel farmland underground moisture and potassium element detection means, including detection shell (1), it is characterised in that：Institute
State detection shell (1) right-hand member and be provided with sliding rail (2), the sliding rail (2) is interior to be provided with sliding panel (3), the slip
Plate (3) right-hand member is connected with casing (4), and casing (4) lower end is provided with outside several water content detections probe (5), the detection
Shell (1) is internally provided with laser detection module (6), and described detection shell (1) left end is provided with connecting rod (7), the connecting rod
(7) left end, which is provided with mounting seat (8), the mounting seat (8), is provided with supersonic range finder (9), the detection shell (1)
Left end is provided with breaker (10), and described detection shell (1) lower end is provided with clean-up scraper (11) and shading baffle (12)；It is described to swash
Light detection module (6) includes incident optical (21) and collection optical fiber (22), and the incident optical (21) is with gathering under optical fiber (22)
End is both connected on focus lens assembly (23), and the focus lens assembly (23) is provided at both ends with lens installation foot (24), institute
State incident optical (21) and be connected with Nd:YAG laser (25), the Nd:YAG laser (25) is connected with time-delay generator
(26), the time-delay generator (26) is connected with CCD camera (27), and the CCD camera (27) is connected with host computer (28) and light
Grating spectrograph (29), the host computer (28) is connected with time-delay generator (26), the grating spectrograph (29) and collection light
Fine (22) are connected.
2. a kind of novel farmland underground moisture according to claim 1 and potassium element detection means, it is characterised in that：
The detection shell (1) includes housing main body (30), and the housing main body (30) is internally provided with probe installing plate (31), described
Probe installing plate (31) is obliquely installed, and housing main body (30) upper end is provided with bending segment (32), the housing main body (30)
Upper end is provided with shell aperture (33), and the shell aperture (33) is internally provided with rubber seal plug (34), the rubber seal
Plug (34) is internally provided with lead perforation (35), and housing main body (30) lower end is provided with scraper plate and installs groove (36) and shading
Plate installs groove (37), and the scraper plate installs groove (36) and is provided with bolt (38) with shadow shield installation groove (37) insertion.
3. a kind of novel farmland underground moisture according to claim 1 and potassium element detection means, it is characterised in that：
The water content detection probe (5) includes being provided with helical blade (40), the drill bit (39) on drill bit (39), the drill bit (39)
Through hole (41) is inside provided with, through hole (41) upper end is provided with plastic tube (42), and plastic tube (42) lower end is provided with pottery
Native head (43), plastic tube (42) upper end is connected with discharge (44), and the discharge (44) is connected with piezoresistance sensor
(45), discharge (44) upper end is provided with discharge rubber stopper (46).
4. a kind of novel farmland underground moisture according to claim 1 and potassium element detection means, it is characterised in that：
The supersonic range finder (9) includes ranging shell (47), and the ranging shell (47) is internally provided with flexible PCB
(48) two ultrasonic probes (49), are installed, ultrasonic probe (49) lower end is set on the flexible PCB (48)
There is horn mouth (50), the ranging shell (47) is internally provided with inside hollow puigging (51), the ranging shell (47) and set
It is equipped with polyethylene foam puigging (52).
5. a kind of novel farmland underground moisture according to claim 1 and potassium element detection means, it is characterised in that：
The breaker (10) includes plough mainboard (53), and described plough mainboard (53) left end is provided with the sword that breaks ground (54), the plough mainboard
(53) lower end, which is provided with plough base (55), the plough base (55), is provided with rotary shaft (56), rotary shaft (56) connection
There is plough point (57), plough point (57) cross section is triangular structure, and plough base (55) lower end is provided with leveling roll (58).
6. a kind of novel farmland underground moisture according to claim 1 and potassium element detection means, it is characterised in that：
The power module (15) includes being arranged on the photovoltaic frame (59) of casing (4) upper end, and photovoltaic frame (59) upper end is provided with light
Plate (60) is lied prostrate, the photovoltaic frame (60) is provided at both ends with adjusting nut (61), and photovoltaic frame (60) lower end is connected with solar energy
Battery (62).
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| CN201710263896.6A CN107024467A (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2017-04-21 | A kind of novel farmland underground moisture and potassium element detection means |
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| CN201710263896.6A CN107024467A (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2017-04-21 | A kind of novel farmland underground moisture and potassium element detection means |
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| CN108318662A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-07-24 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of soil water potential information launcher |
| CN108414270A (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2018-08-17 | 刘淑敏 | A kind of soil sampling apparatus convenient for stone in screening and removing samples-soil |
| CN108519473A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-11 | 广州地理研究所 | A rapid detection system for soil water content in saline-alkali land |
| CN110470614A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-19 | 江苏叁拾叁信息技术有限公司 | A kind of agricultural planting soil real-time detecting system |
| CN111999256A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Soil surface image acquisition device |
| CN112161958A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-01 | 青岛佳明测控科技股份有限公司 | Plug-in type soil all-element on-site detector |
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| CN112161958A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-01 | 青岛佳明测控科技股份有限公司 | Plug-in type soil all-element on-site detector |
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Application publication date: 20170808 |