CN107023425A - A kind of distance increasing unit based on alcohol hydrogen fuel combination - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a range extender based on alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel, which mainly includes four parts: a methanol fuel tank, an engine, a methanol cracker and a generator. The basic principle of the invention is that the methanol cracker uses the heat of the tail gas to crack methanol under the action of the catalyst at the same time, realizes methanol cracking into hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and then introduces the hydrogen-rich cracked gas into the cylinder for combustion, reducing emissions while reducing emissions. It can meet the demand of combustion calorific value. Compared with traditional utilization methods, hydrogen is produced by methanol cracking, and there is no need to install high-pressure gas cylinders for hydrogen storage, nor to go to hydrogen refueling stations for hydrogen refueling, which eliminates various difficulties in hydrogen transportation and hydrogen storage. The invention overcomes the problems of natural gas or hydrogen on the vehicle safely, low battery life and high loading cost in the prior art, and can reduce the vehicle-mounted power battery of electric vehicles by more than three-quarters, and its popularization and application will reduce the manufacturing cost of new energy vehicles and increase its range.

Description

A range extender based on alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel

technical field

The invention designs a range extender for an electric vehicle, which is mainly applied to a pure electric vehicle to increase its one-time mileage.

Background technique

In recent years, with the depletion of oil resources and the gradual improvement of people's awareness of environmental pollution, electric vehicles have gradually become the focus of attention of countries all over the world due to their advantages of zero emission, zero pollution, low noise and high energy conversion efficiency. Although automobiles have made great progress, problems such as short battery life due to electric vehicle batteries have seriously affected the promotion and development of electric vehicles. An important idea for pure electric vehicles to solve battery life is to install range extenders on pure electric vehicles. The forms of range extenders usually include: small generators, storage batteries and fuel cells, etc. The common practice is to use small generators as range extenders.

At present, the range extender made of small generators is mainly a generator system composed of a 2-cylinder gasoline or diesel engine and a generator. However, the vehicle-mounted fuel internal combustion engine (range extender) still consumes traditional fossil fuels for power generation, which is different from the fuel engine. The basic principle of burning oil is the same, but there is still the problem of exhaust pollution, which is contrary to the original intention of new energy vehicles. In addition, some on-board gas-fired internal combustion engines supplied by natural gas or hydrogen generate power. Although the emission problem has been solved, how to get on the car with natural gas or hydrogen and safety issues have not been solved well. In addition, some engines directly use methanol as fuel. Methanol Although it has the advantages of being clean and renewable, due to the low calorific value of methanol fuel itself, it cannot effectively meet the working needs of the engine.

Contents of the invention

The invention proposes a range extender based on alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel, which is used to realize the mixed combustion of methanol and methanol cracked gas, and solve the technical problems of emission pollution and low combustion calorific value existing in the prior art.

A range extender based on alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel proposed by the present invention includes a first oil pump, a fuel tank, a second oil pump, a methanol flow valve and a methanol cracker; wherein:

The fuel tank is used to store methanol, which is connected to the second oil pump; the second oil pump is connected to the methanol flow valve through a pipeline for transporting methanol;

The methanol flow valve is used to control the amount of methanol cracked, and its output end is externally connected to a methanol cracker for controlling the amount of methanol delivered to the methanol cracker;

The methanol cracker is used to crack methanol into hydrogen and carbon monoxide; its output end is connected to an external engine, and the cracked hydrogen and carbon monoxide are delivered;

The input end of the first oil pump is connected to the fuel tank, and the output end is connected to the engine for delivering methanol to the engine.

Further, the working energy of the methanol cracker is recovered by using automobile exhaust heat;

The present invention also proposes a power system based on the range extender, which also includes an engine, a generator and an elastic coupling; car battery charging;

When working, part of the methanol in the fuel tank enters the engine through the first oil pump, and the other part enters the methanol cracker through the second oil pump through the methanol flow valve. The methanol entering the methanol cracker is converted into hydrogen and carbon monoxide after catalytic cracking. And the mixed gas of methanol vapor, the mixed gas enters the engine and mixes with the fresh air in the intake pipe, and then enters the engine cylinder for combustion. The operation of the engine drives the generator to run, so that the generator generates electricity.

Further, the power system also includes a fuel filter, an air filter, and an oil pressure regulator; wherein:

The fuel filter is arranged on the methanol delivery pipeline to remove impurities in the methanol; the air filter is arranged on the engine intake pipeline to remove impurities in the air; the oil pressure regulator is arranged on the engine oil The end of the rail is used to ensure that the pressure of the engine fuel system is within the applicable range;

Further, the mixed gas produced by the methanol cracker of the range extender enters the engine after being mixed with the fresh air in the intake pipe at the position of the main air intake before the engine intake manifold, so as to be evenly distributed to each cylinder of the engine.

The methanol cracker of the range extender provided by the present invention can be replaced with the muffler of the original internal combustion engine, and the required space of the range extender will not be increased.

The cracked gas oil pipe and the cracked gas pipe of the range extender provided by the present invention, except that the metal that is in contact with the methanol cracker is copper or stainless steel, the rest are plastic pipes.

The basic principle of the present invention is to use the heat of the tail gas to crack methanol under the action of a catalyst to realize methanol cracking into hydrogen (H ₂ ) and carbon monoxide (CO) (reaction formula: CH ₃ OH→CO+2H ₂ ), Afterwards, the hydrogen-rich cracked gas is introduced into the cylinder for combustion. Due to the high combustion calorific value of gaseous hydrogen itself, coupled with the strong flame propagation speed, it can promote the accelerated combustion of other fuels. When methanol is used as a single fuel, its calorific value is only 45.7% of that of gasoline, while the calorific value of the mixed combustion of methanol and methanol cracked gas increases to more than 90% of that of gasoline, which is nearly doubled in comparison, which can fully meet the use requirements.

The range extender provided by the present invention utilizes the characteristics of high combustion calorific value of hydrogen and strong flame propagation velocity. However, compared with traditional utilization methods, hydrogen is produced by cracking methanol, and there is no need to install high-pressure gas cylinders for hydrogen storage, nor to go to hydrogen refueling stations for hydrogen refueling, which eliminates various difficulties in hydrogen transportation and hydrogen storage.

The range extender designed by the present invention, by using methanol and methanol cracked gas for blending combustion, compared with internal combustion engines using traditional fuels (gasoline or diesel), on the one hand can meet the requirements of the combustion calorific value and meet the working needs of the range extender. On the one hand, because the fuel used is methanol and methanol cracking gas, which are clean and renewable fuels, the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction can be achieved. The battery life of the pure electric vehicle installed with the range extender is basically the same as that of the traditional fuel vehicle.

The range extender provided by the present invention can meet the requirements of the combustion calorific value, meet the power requirements of the range extender, realize the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction, and overcome the existing problems of natural gas or hydrogen in the car, low endurance and high loading cost in the prior art It can reduce the power battery of electric vehicles by more than three-quarters, and its popularization and application will reduce the manufacturing cost of new energy vehicles, promote the development and promotion of new energy pure electric vehicles and enhance the popularity of my country's new energy pure electric vehicles in the world. The status in the car is of great significance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the range extender of the alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel, wherein 1 represents the engine, 2 represents the generator, 3 represents the elastic coupling, 4 represents the fuel filter, 5 represents the oil inlet pipe, 6 represents the first oil pump, 7 represents the fuel tank, 8 represents the second oil pump, 9 represents the pyrolysis gas oil pipe, 10 represents the air filter, 11 represents the pyrolysis gas pipe, 12 represents the oil pressure regulator, 13 the methanol flow valve, 14 represents the methanol cracker, and 15 represents the bolt .

Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel range extender.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.

When the battery power of the electric car is about to run out, the range extender starts to work. When the range extender works, a part of the methanol in the fuel tank 7 is sucked out through the first oil pump 6, and then the fuel oil passes through the fuel filter 4 and passes through the oil inlet pipe 5. The filtered methanol enters the engine 1, and another part of the methanol passes through the second oil pump 8, enters the methanol flow valve 13 through the cracked gas oil pipe 9, and then passes into the methanol cracker 14, wherein the cracked gas oil pipe 9 is a metal pipe near the cracker 14 , the metal pipe and the methanol cracker 14 connection part can be welded, thereby guarantee airtightness, the methanol that enters the methanol cracker 14 begins cracking under the effect of catalyzer such as copper-nickel or zinc and engine 1 exhaust waste heat, methanol cracking is H ₂ and CO, the cracked H ₂ , CO, methanol vapor and mixed gas containing a small amount of water vapor are discharged from the methanol cracker 14 through the cracking gas pipe 11, and the corresponding cracking gas pipe 11 is a metal pipe near the methanol cracker 14, and the same In order to ensure airtightness, the cracking air pipe 11 is welded near the methanol cracker 14, and the cracked gas mixture discharged from the methanol cracker 14 is mixed with the fresh air that enters the intake pipe of the engine 1 through the air filter 10 and then enters the engine 1 combustion chamber, and mixed combustion with methanol directly injected into the combustion chamber at the same time, the operation of the engine 1 drives the operation of the generator 2, so that the generator 2 generates electricity, and the electricity generated is used to charge the battery of the electric vehicle, thereby improving the battery life of the electric vehicle .

In the present invention, the generator 2 and the engine 1 are connected together through an elastic coupling. In addition, the generator 2 and the engine 1 can also be directly connected through a rigid connector, wherein the elastic coupling can compensate for the two connecting shafts of the engine and the generator. The relative displacement between them has the advantages of absorbing vibration and mitigating impact. The rigid connector does not require high positioning and installation technology and has a small axial dimension, which can be flexibly selected according to the actual situation.

In the present invention, a methanol flow valve 13 is provided at the front of the methanol cracker 14, so that the opening of the valve can be adjusted according to different blending ratio requirements, that is, a small opening is selected for a single-cylinder small-displacement engine, and a two-cylinder or multi-cylinder large The displacement adopts a large opening.

Since the pyrolysis gas contains hydrogen, the calorific value of hydrogen is 132MJ/kg, the calorific value of methanol is 21MJ/kg, and the calorific value of gasoline is 44MJ/kg, that is, the calorific value of hydrogen is three times that of gasoline and 6.3 times that of methanol. times, and the flame propagation speed of hydrogen is more than 7 times that of gasoline, and the addition of hydrogen promotes the combustion reaction process and increases the fuel equivalent calorific value. Calculation shows that the calorific value of methanol and methanol cracking gas mixed combustion can be increased to 90% of gasoline above, and the emissions have dropped significantly, truly achieving the goal of energy saving and emission reduction.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a range extender based on alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel, it is characterized in that, comprises the first oil pump (6), fuel tank (7), the second oil pump (8), methanol flow valve (13) and methanol cracker ( 14); where: The fuel tank (7) is used to store methanol and is connected to the second oil pump (8); the second oil pump (8) is connected to the methanol flow valve (13) through a pipeline for transporting methanol; The methanol flow valve (13) is used to control the cracking amount of methanol, and its output end is externally connected to a methanol cracker for controlling the amount of methanol delivered to the methanol cracker (14); The methanol cracker (14) is used to crack methanol into hydrogen and carbon monoxide; its output end is externally connected to an engine, and delivers cracked hydrogen and carbon monoxide; The input end of the first oil pump (6) is connected to the fuel tank (7), and the output end is connected to an external engine for delivering methanol to the engine. 2. The range extender of the alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that, the working energy of the methanol cracker (14) utilizes automobile waste gas heat recovery. 3. a kind of power system based on the described range extender of claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises engine (1), generator (2) and elastic coupling (3); Described generator (2) passes The elastic coupling (3) is connected with the engine (1), and is driven by the engine (1) to generate electricity to charge the battery of the electric vehicle; During operation, part of the methanol in the fuel tank (7) enters the engine (1) through the first oil pump (6), and another part of the methanol enters the methanol cracker (14) through the second oil pump (8) and through the methanol flow valve (13). , the methanol entering the methanol cracker (14) becomes a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a small amount of methanol vapor after catalytic cracking, and the mixture enters the engine (1) and enters the engine (1) after being mixed with fresh air in the intake pipe The cylinder performs combustion, and the operation of the engine (1) drives the operation of the generator (2), so that the generator (2) generates electricity. 4. The power system according to claim 3, further comprising: a fuel filter (4), an air filter (10), and an oil pressure regulator (12); wherein: The fuel filter (4) is arranged on the methanol delivery pipeline for removing impurities in the methanol; the air filter (10) is arranged on the engine intake pipeline for removing impurities in the air; The regulator (12) is located at the end of the engine oil rail to ensure that the pressure of the engine fuel system is within the range of use. 5. according to the range extender of the described alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the mixed gas produced by the methanol cracker (14) is in the main air inlet before the engine intake manifold The position is mixed with the fresh air in the intake pipe and enters the engine (1) to be evenly distributed to each cylinder of the engine (1). 6. The range extender of the alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the methanol cracker is installed at the muffler position of the original internal combustion engine to save the required space of the range extender. 7. The range extender for alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, except that the pipelines in contact with the methanol cracker are made of copper or stainless steel, the rest of the pipelines are plastic pipes. 8. The range extender of alcohol-hydrogen mixed fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that, the principle of alcohol-hydrogen hybrid power is also applicable to other devices such as vehicles except the range extender.