CN107006355A - A kind of wheat seedling mill water culture nutrient solution and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of wheat seedling mill water culture nutrient solution and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- CNFDGXZLMLFIJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate Chemical class O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Mn+2] CNFDGXZLMLFIJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride hexahydrate Chemical class O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].Cl[Fe+]Cl NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[6-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzimidazol-1-yl]-3-[1-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy]thiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=1C(C)OC(=C(S1)C(N)=O)C=C1N(C1=C2)C=NC1=CC=C2CN1CCN(C)CC1 ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940044631 ferric chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940061634 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- QBRPIXOGXMPIMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].S(O)(O)(=O)=O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O Chemical compound [Mg].S(O)(O)(=O)=O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O QBRPIXOGXMPIMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 201000002451 Overnutrition Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000020823 overnutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical class [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 64
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 25
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 hexahydrate Ferric chloride hydrate Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003501 hydroponics Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000037208 balanced nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019046 balanced nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005523 excessive nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- SINKDKBDOQKXDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Mn] SINKDKBDOQKXDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006180 nutrition needs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及无土栽培技术领域，更具体的涉及一种小麦幼苗水培营养液及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of soilless cultivation, in particular to a wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
小麦是我国主要的粮食作物之一，是关系粮食安全的农作物品种。小麦的一生要经过种子萌发、出苗、分蘖、拔节、孕穗、抽穗、开花、灌浆、成熟等生育进程,可划分为四个时期：即幼苗期、分蘖期、拔节孕穗期和抽穗结实期。小麦在整个生育过程中要发生一系列形态和生理上的变化，依次出现和形成各种不同的器官，最后形成作物产量。目前小麦科研的方向主要有：生理生态、生物技术与品种改良、栽培技术(抗逆、高产、高效)、品质改良等。这些方向涉及了小麦生长的各个时期，但室内实验多集中在幼苗期，因此，小麦从种子萌发到幼苗期的培养十分重要。已有研究大多依赖盆栽小麦，但盆栽小麦需要固体介质，如土壤、草炭、森林腐叶土、膨胀蛭石等，这些介质不易消毒，较容易发生病原菌、线虫、杂草等病害，且成分复杂、不易控制，喷施肥料容易造成流失浪费、植物吸收利用率较低。此外，盆栽小麦长势不易控制，难以达到实验用材料所要求的均一性和一致性。Wheat is one of the main food crops in my country, and it is a crop variety related to food security. The whole life of wheat goes through seed germination, seedling emergence, tillering, jointing, booting, heading, flowering, filling, and maturity. During the whole growth process of wheat, a series of morphological and physiological changes will occur, and various organs will appear and form in sequence, finally forming crop yield. At present, the research directions of wheat mainly include: physiological ecology, biotechnology and variety improvement, cultivation technology (stress resistance, high yield, high efficiency), quality improvement, etc. These directions involve various stages of wheat growth, but indoor experiments mostly focus on the seedling stage, so the cultivation of wheat from seed germination to seedling stage is very important. Most of the existing research relies on potted wheat, but potted wheat needs solid media, such as soil, peat, forest leaf humus, expanded vermiculite, etc. These media are not easy to disinfect, and are more prone to pathogens, nematodes, weeds and other diseases, and the composition is complex , It is not easy to control, and the spraying of fertilizers is easy to cause loss and waste, and the absorption and utilization rate of plants is low. In addition, the growth of potted wheat is not easy to control, and it is difficult to achieve the uniformity and consistency required by the experimental materials.
水培是指植物根系直接与营养液接触，不用固体基质的栽培方法。此方法栽培植物直接从溶液中吸取营养，根系与土壤隔离，可避免各种土传病害及杂草，也无需进行土壤消毒，可以均衡的供给养分，施肥效果非常安定。相比盆栽而言，水培的栽培密度可以大大提高，且幼苗长势均一，满足实验用材料的要求，尤其是针对小麦根系研究、逆境研究和营养元素吸收利用等十分有利。Hydroponics refers to the cultivation method in which the plant roots are directly in contact with the nutrient solution without a solid substrate. This method cultivates plants to absorb nutrients directly from the solution, and the root system is isolated from the soil, which can avoid various soil-borne diseases and weeds, and does not require soil disinfection. It can supply nutrients in a balanced manner, and the fertilization effect is very stable. Compared with potted plants, the cultivation density of hydroponics can be greatly increased, and the growth of seedlings is uniform, which meets the requirements of experimental materials, especially for wheat root research, adversity research and nutrient absorption and utilization.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种小麦幼苗水培营养液及其制备方法，解决小麦幼苗盆栽培养过程中病虫草害频发，喷施肥料容易造成流失浪费，植物吸收利用率较低，长势不易控制，难以达到实验用材料所要求的均一性和一致性。The invention provides a hydroponic nutrient solution for wheat seedlings and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of frequent occurrence of diseases, insect pests and weeds in the process of potted cultivation of wheat seedlings, the easy loss and waste caused by spraying fertilizers, the low absorption and utilization rate of plants, and the difficulty in controlling the growth. Homogeneity and consistency required for experimental materials.
具体的，本发明提供的小麦幼苗水培营养液，每吨营养液中含有，470-480g四水硝酸钙、30-40g磷酸二氢钾、130-140g硫酸钾、160-170g七水硫酸镁、5-10g六水氯化铁、0.1-0.5g四水氯化锰、1-2g硼酸、0.1-0.5g五水硫酸铜、0.5-1.0g七水硫酸锌、0.1-0.5g钼酸铵，溶剂为水。Specifically, the hydroponic nutrient solution for wheat seedlings provided by the present invention contains 470-480g calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 30-40g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 130-140g potassium sulfate, and 160-170g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate in each ton of the nutrient solution , 5-10g ferric chloride hexahydrate, 0.1-0.5g manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 1-2g boric acid, 0.1-0.5g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.5-1.0g zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1-0.5g ammonium molybdate , the solvent is water.
优选的，每吨营养液中含有，472.3g四水硝酸钙、34.018g磷酸二氢钾、130.69g硫酸钾、160.21g七水硫酸镁、8.109g六水氯化铁、0.396g四水氯化锰、1.546g硼酸、0.125g五水硫酸铜、0.575g七水硫酸锌、0.114g钼酸铵，溶剂为水。Preferably, each ton of nutrient solution contains, 472.3g calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 34.018g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 130.69g potassium sulfate, 160.21g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 8.109g ferric chloride hexahydrate, 0.396g chlorination tetrahydrate Manganese, 1.546g boric acid, 0.125g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.575g zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.114g ammonium molybdate, the solvent is water.
优选的，营养液使用的溶剂为去离子水、蒸馏水或纯水。Preferably, the solvent used in the nutrient solution is deionized water, distilled water or pure water.
一种小麦幼苗水培营养液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A preparation method of wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution, comprising the following steps:
S1、按照原料比例，称取470-480g四水硝酸钙加入10L水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅰ；S1. According to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 470-480g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and add it to 10L of water, stir and dissolve to form concentrated solution I;
S2、按照原料比例，称取30-40g磷酸二氢钾、130-140g硫酸钾和160-170g七水硫酸镁，依次加入10L水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅱ；S2. According to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 30-40g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 130-140g potassium sulfate and 160-170g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, add them in 10L water in turn, stir and dissolve to form concentrated solution II;
S3、按照原料比例，称取5-10g六水氯化铁、0.1-0.5g四水氯化锰、1-2g硼酸、0.1-0.5g五水硫酸铜、0.5-1.0g七水硫酸锌和0.1-0.5g钼酸铵，依次加入1L水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅲ；S3, according to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 5-10g ferric chloride hexahydrate, 0.1-0.5g manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 1-2g boric acid, 0.1-0.5g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.5-1.0g zinc sulfate heptahydrate and Add 0.1-0.5g of ammonium molybdate to 1L of water in turn, stir and dissolve to form concentrated liquid III;
S4、向储液桶中加入所需营养液体积的50％的水后，向水中加入浓缩液Ⅰ并搅拌均匀，然后向储液桶中加入浓缩液Ⅱ搅拌均匀并加水至所需营养液体积的80％，再向储液桶中加入浓缩液Ⅲ并加水至所需营养液体积并搅拌均匀后，得到小麦幼苗水培营养液。S4. After adding 50% of the required nutrient solution volume into the liquid storage tank, add the concentrated solution I to the water and stir evenly, then add the concentrated solution II to the liquid storage tank, stir evenly, and add water to the required nutrient solution volume 80% of the nutrient solution, and then add the concentrated solution III to the liquid storage tank and add water to the required nutrient solution volume and stir evenly to obtain the wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution.
优选地，步骤S4中，得到的小麦幼苗水培营养液使用盐酸调节pH值至6.8±0.2。Preferably, in step S4, the pH value of the obtained wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution is adjusted to 6.8±0.2 with hydrochloric acid.
优选的，盐酸的浓度为10mol/L。Preferably, the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 10mol/L.
本发明中的小麦幼苗水培营养液，营养均衡，营养液在较长时间内各元素的比例在一定范围内维持平衡，pH的变化稳定；满足了小麦幼苗生长的营养需求，平衡使用了大量元素和微量元素，同时降低了营养元素的施用量，解决了长期以来实验用小麦幼苗营养液无针对性，常常营养过剩的问题；并且本发明中营养液配制方法操作简单，营养液配方合理，能够使幼苗种植密度大大提高。The hydroponic nutrient solution for wheat seedlings in the present invention has balanced nutrition, and the ratio of each element in the nutrient solution maintains a balance within a certain range for a long time, and the change of pH is stable; it meets the nutritional needs of wheat seedling growth, and uses a large amount of nutrients in a balanced manner. Elements and trace elements, while reducing the application amount of nutrient elements, solved the problem that the nutrient solution of wheat seedlings used in experiments for a long time is not targeted and often has excessive nutrition; and the nutrient solution preparation method in the present invention is simple to operate, and the nutrient solution formula is reasonable. The planting density of seedlings can be greatly increased.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
本发明实施例1提供一种小麦幼苗水培营养液，按重量计，每吨营养液中含有，472.3g四水硝酸钙、34.018g磷酸二氢钾、130.69g硫酸钾、160.21g七水硫酸镁、8.109g六水氯化铁、0.396g四水氯化锰、1.546g硼酸、0.125g五水硫酸铜、0.575g七水硫酸锌、0.114g钼酸铵，溶剂为水。Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a kind of wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution, by weight, every ton of nutrient solution contains, 472.3g calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 34.018g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 130.69g potassium sulfate, 160.21g sulfuric acid heptahydrate Magnesium, 8.109g ferric chloride hexahydrate, 0.396g manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 1.546g boric acid, 0.125g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.575g zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.114g ammonium molybdate, the solvent is water.
具体的，配制1000L小麦幼苗水培营养液，包括以下步骤：Specifically, preparing 1000L wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution includes the following steps:
S1、按照原料比例，称取472.3g四水硝酸钙加入10L蒸馏水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅰ；S1. According to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 472.3g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and add it to 10L of distilled water, stir and dissolve to form concentrated solution I;
S2、按照原料比例，称取34.018g磷酸二氢钾、130.69g硫酸钾和160.21g七水硫酸镁，依次加入10L蒸馏水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅱ；S2. According to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 34.018g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 130.69g of potassium sulfate and 160.21g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, add them in 10L of distilled water in turn, stir and dissolve to form concentrated solution II;
S3、按照原料比例，称取8.109g六水氯化铁、0.396g四水氯化锰、1.546g硼酸、0.125g五水硫酸铜、0.575g七水硫酸锌和0.114g钼酸铵，依次加入1L蒸馏水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅲ；S3, according to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 8.109g ferric chloride hexahydrate, 0.396g manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 1.546g boric acid, 0.125g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.575g zinc sulfate heptahydrate and 0.114g ammonium molybdate, add in sequence 1L of distilled water, stirred and dissolved to form concentrated solution Ⅲ;
S4、向储液桶中加入500L的蒸馏水后，向水中加入浓缩液Ⅰ并搅拌均匀，然后向储液桶中加入浓缩液Ⅱ搅拌均匀并加蒸馏水至所需营养液体积的80％，再向储液桶中加入浓缩液Ⅲ并加蒸馏水至最终容量并搅拌均匀后，使用浓度为10mol/L的盐酸调节混合液的pH值至6.8±0.2，得到小麦幼苗水培营养液。S4. After adding 500L of distilled water to the liquid storage tank, add concentrated solution I to the water and stir evenly, then add concentrated solution II to the liquid storage tank and stir evenly, and add distilled water to 80% of the required nutrient solution volume, and then add Add concentrated solution III to the liquid storage tank and add distilled water to the final capacity and stir evenly, then use hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 10mol/L to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 6.8±0.2 to obtain the wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution.
实施例2Example 2
本发明实施例2提供一种小麦幼苗水培营养液，按重量计，每吨营养液中含有，470g四水硝酸钙、30g磷酸二氢钾、130g硫酸钾、160g七水硫酸镁、5g六水氯化铁、0.1g四水氯化锰、1g硼酸、0.1g五水硫酸铜、0.5g七水硫酸锌、0.1g钼酸铵，溶剂为水。Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a kind of wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution, by weight, contains in every ton of nutrient solution, 470g calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 30g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 130g potassium sulfate, 160g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5g hexahydrate Ferric chloride hydrate, 0.1g manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 1g boric acid, 0.1g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.5g zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g ammonium molybdate, the solvent is water.
具体的，配制1000L小麦幼苗水培营养液，包括以下步骤：Specifically, preparing 1000L wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution includes the following steps:
S1、按照原料比例，称取470g四水硝酸钙加入10L蒸馏水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅰ；S1. According to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 470g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and add it to 10L of distilled water, stir and dissolve to form concentrated solution I;
S2、按照原料比例，称取30g磷酸二氢钾、130g硫酸钾和160g七水硫酸镁，依次加入10L蒸馏水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅱ；S2. According to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 30g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 130g of potassium sulfate and 160g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, add them in 10L of distilled water in turn, stir and dissolve to form concentrated solution II;
S3、按照原料比例，称取5g六水氯化铁、0.1g四水氯化锰、1g硼酸、0.1g五水硫酸铜、0.5g七水硫酸锌和0.1g钼酸铵，依次加入1L蒸馏水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅲ；S3. According to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 5g ferric chloride hexahydrate, 0.1g manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 1g boric acid, 0.1g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.5g zinc sulfate heptahydrate and 0.1g ammonium molybdate, add 1L distilled water in turn , stirring and dissolving to form concentrated liquid III;
S4、向储液桶中加入500L的蒸馏水后，向水中加入浓缩液Ⅰ并搅拌均匀，然后向储液桶中加入浓缩液Ⅱ搅拌均匀并加蒸馏水至所需营养液体积的80％，再向储液桶中加入浓缩液Ⅲ并加蒸馏水至最终容量并搅拌均匀后，使用浓度为10mol/L的盐酸调节混合液的pH值至6.8±0.2，得到小麦幼苗水培营养液。S4. After adding 500L of distilled water to the liquid storage tank, add concentrated solution I to the water and stir evenly, then add concentrated solution II to the liquid storage tank and stir evenly, and add distilled water to 80% of the required nutrient solution volume, and then add Add concentrated solution III to the liquid storage tank and add distilled water to the final capacity and stir evenly, then use hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 10mol/L to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 6.8±0.2 to obtain the wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution.
实施例3Example 3
本发明实施例3提供一种小麦幼苗水培营养液，按重量计，每吨营养液中含有，480g四水硝酸钙、40g磷酸二氢钾、140g硫酸钾、170g七水硫酸镁、10g六水氯化铁、0.5g四水氯化锰、2g硼酸、0.5g五水硫酸铜、1.0g七水硫酸锌、0.5g钼酸铵，溶剂为水。Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a kind of wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution, by weight, contains in every ton of nutrient solution, 480g calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 40g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 140g potassium sulfate, 170g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 10g hexahydrate Ferric chloride hydrate, 0.5g manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 2g boric acid, 0.5g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 1.0g zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5g ammonium molybdate, the solvent is water.
具体的，配制1000L小麦幼苗水培营养液，包括以下步骤：Specifically, preparing 1000L wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution includes the following steps:
S1、按照原料比例，称取480g四水硝酸钙加入10L蒸馏水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅰ；S1. According to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 480g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and add it to 10L of distilled water, stir and dissolve to form concentrated solution I;
S2、按照原料比例，称取40g磷酸二氢钾、140g硫酸钾和170g七水硫酸镁，依次加入10L蒸馏水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅱ；S2. According to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 40g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 140g of potassium sulfate and 170g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, add them in 10L of distilled water in turn, stir and dissolve to form concentrated solution II;
S3、按照原料比例，称取10g六水氯化铁、0.5g四水氯化锰、2g硼酸、0.5g五水硫酸铜、1.0g七水硫酸锌和0.5g钼酸铵，依次加入1L蒸馏水中，搅拌溶解，形成浓缩液Ⅲ；S3. According to the proportion of raw materials, weigh 10g ferric chloride hexahydrate, 0.5g manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 2g boric acid, 0.5g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 1.0g zinc sulfate heptahydrate and 0.5g ammonium molybdate, add 1L distilled water in turn , stirring and dissolving to form concentrated liquid III;
S4、向储液桶中加入500L的蒸馏水后，向水中加入浓缩液Ⅰ并搅拌均匀，然后向储液桶中加入浓缩液Ⅱ搅拌均匀并加蒸馏水至所需营养液体积的80％，再向储液桶中加入浓缩液Ⅲ并加蒸馏水至最终容量并搅拌均匀后，使用浓度为10mol/L的盐酸调节混合液的pH值至6.8±0.2，得到小麦幼苗水培营养液。S4. After adding 500L of distilled water to the liquid storage tank, add concentrated solution I to the water and stir evenly, then add concentrated solution II to the liquid storage tank and stir evenly, and add distilled water to 80% of the required nutrient solution volume, and then add Add concentrated solution III to the liquid storage tank and add distilled water to the final capacity and stir evenly, then use hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 10mol/L to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 6.8±0.2 to obtain the wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution.
实施例4应用试验Embodiment 4 application test
为验证本发明的小麦幼苗水培营养液的效果，特进行以下比对试验。In order to verify the effect of the wheat seedling hydroponic nutrient solution of the present invention, the following comparative tests were specially carried out.
试验于河南科技大学农学院实验室进行，供试材料为豫麦18。The experiment was carried out in the laboratory of Agricultural College of Henan University of Science and Technology, and the test material was Yumai 18.
试验设三个处理：The experiment consisted of three treatments:
处理A：水培，施用本发明实例1的营养液；Treatment A: hydroponics, using the nutrient solution of Example 1 of the present invention;
处理B：盆栽，栽培基质为石英石，施用本发明实例1的营养液；Treatment B: potted plants, the cultivation substrate is quartz stone, and the nutrient solution of Example 1 of the present invention is applied;
处理C：盆栽，大田土壤，不施用本发明的营养液。Treatment C: potted plants, field soil, no nutrient solution of the present invention was applied.
三个处理随机排列，各重复10次。处理A每3天更换一次水培营养液，处理B每3天施用一次营养液，每次500ml，处理C每3天浇水一次，每次500ml。The three treatments were arranged randomly, and each was repeated 10 times. Treatment A replaced the hydroponic nutrient solution every 3 days, treatment B applied the nutrient solution every 3 days, 500ml each time, and treatment C watered once every 3 days, 500ml each time.
试验采用聚乙烯盆(内径22cm、高24cm)，每盆种小麦10株，B处理每盆装石英石4kg，C处理每盆装土4.5kg。培养条件：光照培养箱，温度20℃，光照14小时，光强10000lx。三叶期收获，测定株高、全株鲜重、全株干重、根长。实验结果如表1所示。In the experiment, polyethylene pots (22 cm in inner diameter and 24 cm in height) were used, and 10 wheat plants were planted in each pot. For treatment B, each pot contained 4 kg of quartz stone, and for treatment C, each pot contained 4.5 kg of soil. Culture conditions: light incubator, temperature 20°C, light for 14 hours, light intensity 10000lx. Harvest at the three-leaf stage, and measure the plant height, fresh weight of the whole plant, dry weight of the whole plant, and root length. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.
表1实验结果统计表Table 1 Statistical table of experimental results
表1中的株高、全株鲜重、全株干重、根长为各重复的平均值。The plant height, fresh weight of the whole plant, dry weight of the whole plant and root length in Table 1 are the average value of each repetition.
试验结果表明，处理A和B与处理C相比，株高分别增加3.6cm和0.9cm，全株鲜重分别增加0.188g和0.132g，全株干重分别增加0.011g和0.007g，根长分别增加4.77cm和2.61cm，说明施用本发明的营养液种植小麦，能显著提高小麦的株高、全株鲜重、全株干重以及根长。The test results showed that compared with treatment C, treatment A and B increased the plant height by 3.6cm and 0.9cm respectively, the fresh weight of the whole plant increased by 0.188g and 0.132g, the dry weight of the whole plant increased by 0.011g and 0.007g respectively, and the root length Respectively increase 4.77cm and 2.61cm, illustrate and apply the nutrient solution of the present invention to plant wheat, can significantly improve the plant height, whole plant fresh weight, whole plant dry weight and root length of wheat.
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。While preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concept is appreciated. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be construed to cover the preferred embodiment as well as all changes and modifications which fall within the scope of the invention.
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
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| CN115417722A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-02 | 青岛大学 | Special nutrient solution for wheat seedling stage laboratory substrate culture and preparation method thereof |
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