CN107001093B - Burner for melting glass, glass melting furnace, method for melting glass, and method for producing glass - Google Patents
Burner for melting glass, glass melting furnace, method for melting glass, and method for producing glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN107001093B CN107001093B CN201580066802.5A CN201580066802A CN107001093B CN 107001093 B CN107001093 B CN 107001093B CN 201580066802 A CN201580066802 A CN 201580066802A CN 107001093 B CN107001093 B CN 107001093B
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- fuel gas
- glass
- oxygen
- burner
- glass melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/04—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in tank furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
- F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/32—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/38—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
- F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
Abstract
The glass melting burner is an oxygen burner provided in a glass melting tank, and comprises: a refractory block (10) having a jet surface (11) facing the inside of the glass melting tank, a fuel gas hole (13) opening at the jet surface (11) and jetting fuel gas into the glass melting tank, and an oxygen hole (14) adjacent to the fuel gas hole (13) and opening at the jet surface (11) and jetting oxygen into the glass melting tank; and a fuel gas nozzle (17) which is provided in the fuel gas hole (13) and injects fuel gas through the fuel gas hole (13), and burns the fuel gas injected from the fuel gas hole (13) together with oxygen injected from the oxygen hole (14) in the glass melting tank, wherein the fuel gas hole (13) has a predetermined chamfered portion (18).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a burner for melting glass used in a melting tank for alkali-free glass or the like, and a glass melting furnace, a glass melting method, and a glass manufacturing method to which the burner for melting glass is applied.
Background
Heretofore, as a burner for melting glass, for example, a burner having a structure described in Japanese patent application laid-open No. 8-261663 has been known. The gas melting burner mixes oxygen with fuel gas and burns the mixture.
Prior art documents
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese unexamined patent publication Hei 8-261663
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
Glass melted at high temperature, for example, alkali-free glass for a liquid crystal display substrate, has a melting temperature higher than that of ordinary soda lime glass by about 100 ℃ or higher, and is much volatilized from molten glass in a melting tank. Particularly, when the glass contains boric acid or the like, it tends to be easily volatilized.
When volatile matter generated from molten glass adheres to the periphery of the fuel gas hole of the burner for glass melting, the flow of the fuel gas injected from the fuel gas nozzle is obstructed, combustion failure occurs, and the combustion nozzle itself may be burned by the flame of combustion, which may lead to combustion failure and shortened life of the combustion nozzle. Further, the tip of the fuel gas nozzle tends to be easily burned due to radiant heat from the inside of the melting tank. When the fuel gas nozzle is burnt, poor combustion is also likely to occur.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a high-efficiency burner for glass melting, and a glass melting furnace, a glass melting method, and a glass manufacturing method to which the burner for glass melting is applied.
Means for solving the problems
In order to solve the above problems, a burner for glass melting according to the present invention is provided in a glass melting tank, and includes: a refractory block including a spray surface facing the inside of a glass melting tank, a fuel gas hole opened in the spray surface for spraying a fuel gas into the glass melting tank, and an oxygen hole adjacent to the fuel gas hole and opened in the spray surface for spraying oxygen into the glass melting tank; and a fuel gas nozzle that is provided in the fuel gas hole and injects a fuel gas through the fuel gas hole, wherein the fuel gas injected from the fuel gas hole is combusted together with oxygen injected from the oxygen hole in the glass melting tank, and the fuel gas hole has a predetermined chamfered portion.
The glass melting furnace of the present application is provided with the burner for glass melting. The glass melting method and the glass manufacturing method of the present application use the glass melting furnace.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a glass melting burner which can reduce adhesion of volatile matter to the periphery of the fuel gas hole of the glass melting burner and burning loss of the fuel gas nozzle due to radiant heat, and which is highly efficient. Further, according to the present invention, glass can be efficiently melted and efficiently produced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a view showing the structure of an oxygen burner, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a cross-sectional view, (c) is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view obtained by enlarging the vicinity of a fuel gas outlet of a fuel gas hole, and (d) is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining another embodiment of the structure in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a comparative example, and is a partially enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of a fuel gas outlet of a conventional oxy-combustor.
FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of a glass melting furnace provided with an oxygen burner, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view of the glass melting furnace cut by a horizontal plane N shown in (b) and (c), (b) is a cross-sectional view of the glass melting furnace cut by a vertical plane M shown in (a) and (c), and (c) is a cross-sectional view of the glass melting furnace cut by a vertical plane L shown in (a) and (b).
Detailed Description
Embodiments of a burner for glass melting, a glass melting furnace, a glass melting method, and a glass manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present embodiment, the glass-melting burner is assumed to be an oxygen burner using natural gas as fuel gas and 93 vol% or more oxygen as oxygen gas. Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described, but the glass-melting burner of the present invention is not limited to the oxygen burner.
(oxygen burner)
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of an oxygen burner of the present embodiment. As shown in the perspective view of fig. 1(a), the oxygen burner includes a refractory block 10 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The refractory block 10 may be made of refractory such as brick.
The refractory block 10 has: an injection surface 11 in which a fuel gas outlet 13a and an oxygen outlet 14a are formed; a back surface 12 having a fuel gas inlet 13b and an oxygen inlet 14b formed therein and facing the injection surface 11. The ejection surface 11 has a substantially flat shape and is disposed facing a melting tank for receiving molten glass. In the injection surface 11, a fuel gas outlet 13a is formed adjacent to an oxygen outlet 14 a. The distance between the centers of the fuel gas outlet 13a and the oxygen outlet 14a is preferably 80 to 180mm, and more preferably 100 to 150 mm. When the distance between centers is 80mm or more, the refractory block 10 can be prevented from cracking when the refractory block 10 is formed. If the distance between the centers is 180mm or less, the fuel gas and oxygen can be sufficiently mixed, and the oxygen combustion can be stabilized. This improves the thermal efficiency of the oxy-combustion and reduces the generation of nitrogen oxides.
The refractory block 10 is formed with fuel gas holes 13 having a predetermined diameter, and the fuel gas holes 13 communicate a fuel gas outlet 13a formed in the injection surface 11 with a fuel gas inlet 13b formed in the back surface 12, and transport the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas inlet 13b to the fuel gas outlet 13 a.
As shown in the cross-sectional view of fig. 1(b), a fuel gas nozzle 17 having a predetermined diameter is provided in the fuel gas hole 13 coaxially with the fuel gas hole 13. A predetermined gap is formed between the fuel gas nozzle 17 and the wall surface of the fuel gas hole 13. The fuel gas nozzle 17 is made of a heat-resistant alloy such as a damtalar alloy (Kanthal) or an Inconel alloy (Inconel).
The fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas inlet 13b to the oxygen burner is fed through the fuel gas nozzles 17 in the fuel gas holes 13. It is preferable that a predetermined amount of a part of the oxygen supplied to the oxygen burner is fed to the gap between the fuel gas nozzle 17 and the wall surface of the fuel gas hole 13 along the fuel gas nozzle 17. The fuel gas supplied to the fuel gas inlet 13b from the fuel gas outlet 13a is preferably a mixture of the fuel gas and a predetermined amount of oxygen, and is injected in a direction substantially perpendicular to the injection surface 11.
The oxygen burner can be used in a combustion area (32-120 Nm & lt/EN & gt) of 400-1500 kW3H) but found a low combustion zone (70 Nm), especially below 875kW, with volatile adhesion, nozzle burn out3Less than h) are likely to occur in use. That is, when the fuel gas nozzle is used under conditions where the flow rate of the fuel gas injected from the fuel gas nozzle is low, volatile matter adheres to the nozzle or the nozzle is easily burnt.
Therefore, the oxygen burner of the present embodiment is particularly effective when used under the condition that the flow velocity of the fuel gas injected from the fuel gas nozzle 17 is low, that is, when used in the range of preferably 90m/s or less, more preferably 80m/s or less, and still more preferably 70m/s or less at the tip of the fuel gas nozzle 17. Here, in order to effectively suppress the nozzle burning loss, the flow velocity is preferably 40m/s or more, more preferably 45m/s or more, and further preferably 50m/s or more.
The refractory block 10 is formed with oxygen holes 14 or oxygen holes having a predetermined diameter, and the oxygen holes 14 or oxygen holes communicate an oxygen outlet 14a formed in the injection surface 11 with an oxygen inlet 14b formed in the back surface, and transport oxygen supplied from the oxygen inlet 14b to the oxygen outlet 14 a. The oxygen holes 14 have a substantially larger diameter than the fuel gas holes 13. This is because the flow rate of oxygen is 2.0 to 2.5 times that of the fuel gas. This makes it possible to sufficiently mix the fuel gas with oxygen, stabilize oxygen combustion, and reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides.
The oxygen hole 14 may have an inclined portion 14c inclined toward the fuel gas outlet 13a up to the oxygen outlet 14a, and a horizontal portion 14d substantially parallel to the fuel gas hole 13 from the oxygen inlet 14b to the inclined portion 14 c. Oxygen is injected from the oxygen outlet 14a in the direction of the axial direction of the inclined portion 14c, and the inclined portion 14c is slightly curved from the direction perpendicular to the injection surface 11 toward the direction of the fuel gas outlet 13 a. Instead of the horizontal portion 14d, only the inclined portion 14c may be provided. The inclination angle of the inclined portion 14c with respect to the horizontal is preferably more than 0 ° and 7 ° or less, more preferably 1 to 6 °, and further preferably 2 to 5 °. If the inclination angle exceeds 0 °, the fuel gas and oxygen can be sufficiently mixed, and the oxygen combustion can be stabilized. If the inclination angle is 7 ° or less, the length of the flame can be appropriately controlled, and the thermal efficiency of oxy-combustion can be improved.
The mixture of the fuel gas and a predetermined amount of oxygen injected from the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13 and the oxygen injected from the oxygen outlet 14a of the oxygen hole 14 gradually intersect and are sequentially combusted in the melting tank. Therefore, in the oxygen combustor of the present embodiment, the generation of high heat can be suppressed, and the generation of nitrogen oxides can be reduced.
A throttle portion (orifice) may be provided in the flow path connected to the fuel gas holes 13 so that a predetermined ratio of oxygen supplied from an oxygen supply source (not shown) to the oxygen burner is directed toward the fuel gas holes 13. When the diameter of the orifice is large, the flow rate of oxygen toward the fuel gas hole 13 increases. Further, the flow rate of oxygen is larger in the case where no orifice is provided than in the case where an orifice is provided.
Fig. 1(c) is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13. The oxygen burner of the present embodiment has a chamfered portion 18 in which the intersection of the injection surface 11 and the fuel gas hole 13 is chamfered at the fuel gas outlet 13 a.
The structure of the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a including the chamfered portion 18 can be defined by using the diameter D of the fuel gas hole 13, the chamfered width C and the chamfered angle α of the chamfered portion 18, the inner diameter D of the fuel gas nozzle 17, and the distance L from the injection surface 11 to the fuel gas nozzle 17, where the chamfered width C is the size of the chamfered portion 18 in the radial direction of the fuel gas hole 13, and can be defined as the interval between a first circumference of the diameter D formed by extending the fuel gas hole 13 to intersect the injection surface 11 and a second circumference formed by intersecting the chamfered portion 18 with the injection surface 11 on the outer peripheral side of the first circumference, and the chamfered angle α is the angle formed by the chamfered portion 18 and the wall surface of the fuel gas hole 13, and the acute angle formed by the wall surface of the chamfered portion 18 and the wall surface of the fuel gas hole 13 can be defined in the plane including the axis of the fuel gas hole 13.
The oxygen burner of the present embodiment is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.35C/D, 30 to 50mm D, 1 to 15mm C, 40 to 60mm L, and 30 to 60 DEG chamfer angle α, and more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 and further 0.15 to 0.25C/D, 30 to 40mm D, 4 to 12mm and further 6 to 10mm and further 7 to 9mm C/D, 45 to 55mm L, and α chamfer angle α of 40 to 50 deg.
When the C/D is too small, volatile matter tends to adhere to the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a which is the tip of the fuel gas hole 13. If the C/D is too large, radiation from a melting chamber 100 formed by a melting tank 110 described later easily reaches the inside of the fuel gas holes 13, and the fuel gas nozzle 17 may be burned. When the C/D is in the above range, the stagnation of the flow of gas disappears, and the adhesion of volatile substances generated from the molten glass can be suppressed, which is preferable.
Further, when D is within the above range, it is possible to suppress direct arrival of radiant heat from the melting chamber 100 at the fuel gas nozzle 17, and it is possible to suppress burning of the nozzle during cooling of the fuel gas and a predetermined amount of oxygen by the fuel gas nozzle 17, so it is preferable that C is within the above range, it is likely to receive radiant heat from the melting chamber 100, and it is possible to suppress adhesion of volatile matter generated from the molten glass, and it is preferable that L is within the above range, it is less likely to directly receive radiant heat from the melting chamber 100, and it is preferable that the chamfer angle α is within the above range, it is likely to receive radiant heat from the melting chamber 100, and it is possible to suppress adhesion of volatile matter generated from the molten glass.
The C/L is 0.05 to 0.25, preferably 0.1 to 0.2, and more preferably 0.12 to 0.18. When C/L is too small, the flow velocity of the fuel gas decreases, and volatile matter tends to adhere to the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13. Further, when C/L is too large, the radiation from the melting chamber 100 easily reaches the inside of the fuel gas holes 13, and there is a risk of burning of the fuel gas nozzles 17.
By having such a chamfered portion 18, the oxygen burner of the present embodiment is easy to allow radiant heat to enter the fuel gas holes 13 from the melting chamber 100 that houses molten glass. Therefore, the temperature in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13 is increased, and the adhesion of volatile matter from the molten glass can be reduced.
The fuel gas injected from the fuel gas holes 13 and a predetermined amount of oxygen flow without being accumulated by the chamfered portions 18, and adhesion of volatile matter from molten glass can be further reduced, but the chamfer width C and the chamfer angle α of the chamfered portions 18 are set to a range in which the fuel gas nozzles 17 are prevented from being burnt by radiant heat directly reaching the fuel gas nozzles 17.
The inner diameter d of the fuel gas nozzle 17 is preferably 8 to 15 mm. The inner diameter d is more preferably 10mm to 12 mm. When the inner diameter d is 8mm or more, the fuel gas and oxygen are mixed well, and the heating efficiency of the combustion flame is improved. If the inner diameter is 15mm or less, the combustion flame is stabilized, and burning loss of the fuel gas nozzle 17 can be reduced.
Fig. 1(d) is a partially enlarged sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the structure of the oxygen burner in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13 a. In another embodiment shown in fig. 1 d, the fuel gas outlet 13a has a chamfered portion (hereinafter also referred to as a rounded portion 19) formed by chamfering a portion where the injection surface 11 and the fuel gas hole 13 intersect.
The structure in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a including the rounded portion 19 can be defined by using the diameter D of the fuel gas hole 13, the chamfer width C, the inner diameter D of the fuel gas nozzle 17, and the distance L from the injection surface 11 to the fuel gas nozzle 17. Here, the chamfer width C is a dimension of a chamfer in the radial direction of the fuel gas hole 13, and may be defined as an interval: the fuel gas holes 13 are extended to intersect the injection surface 11 at a first circumference having a diameter D and a distance between a second circumference formed on the outer peripheral side of the first circumference and intersecting the injection surface 11 at a round corner 19.
In the oxygen burner of the other embodiment, as in the present embodiment, it is preferable that C/D is in the range of 0.05 to 0.35, D is in the range of 30 to 50mm, C is in the range of 1 to 15mm, and L is in the range of 40 to 60 mm. Further, C is preferably an approximate radius of the rounded portion 19. Further, it is more preferable that C/D is 0.1 to 0.3 and further 0.15 to 0.25, D is 30 to 40mm, C is 4 to 12mm and further 6 to 10mm and further 7 to 9mm, and L is 45 to 55 mm. The C/L ratio is 0.05 to 0.25, preferably 0.10 to 0.20, and more preferably 0.12 to 0.18.
In the other embodiment in which the rounded portions 19 are provided as described above, similarly to the oxygen burner in which the rounded portions 18 are provided as shown in fig. 1(c), there are caused a reduction in the adhesion of volatile substances near the fuel gas outlets 13a of the fuel gas holes 13 due to radiant heat and a reduction in the adhesion of volatile substances due to a flow without stagnation at the rounded portions 19.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet of a conventional oxygen burner not provided with a predetermined chamfered portion or a predetermined rounded portion, as a comparative example. When the chamfered portion or the like is not provided, the amount of radiant heat reaching the fuel gas holes 13 from the fuel gas outlets 13a is limited, and the temperature of the fuel gas holes 13 in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlets 13a is less likely to increase. The fuel gas and a predetermined amount of oxygen injected from the fuel gas holes 13 flow in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a, and are disturbed. Therefore, volatile matters from the molten glass tend to adhere to the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13.
(glass melting furnace)
FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of a glass melting furnace provided with a melting tank in which an oxygen burner according to the present embodiment is installed. Fig. 3(a) is a cross-sectional view of the glass melting furnace cut along a horizontal plane N shown in fig. 3(b) and 3 (c). FIG. 3(b) is a cross-sectional view of the glass melting furnace taken along a vertical plane M shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3 (c). Fig. 3(c) is a cross-sectional view of the glass melting furnace taken along a vertical plane L shown in fig. 3(a) and 3 (b).
The glass melting furnace 90 is a melting furnace that heats and melts glass raw materials to form molten glass. The glass substrate preferably used for a Flat Panel Display (FPD) contains substantially no alkali metal ion (such as Na)2Preferably 0.1% by mass or less of an alkali metal oxide such as O) is melted.
The alkali-free glass contains SiO in a mass percentage of oxide basis2：54～73％、Al2O3：10～23％、B2O3: 0.1-12%, MgO: 0-12%, CaO: 0-15%, SrO: 0-16%, BaO: 0-10%, MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO: 8-26% of the structure.
The alkali-free glass has a property that the glass melting temperature is higher than that of an alkali-containing glass such as a normal soda lime glass by 100 ℃ or more, and has a property that boric acid and other components contained in the alkali-free glass are easily volatilized.
The glass melting furnace 90 has a melting tank 110 for accommodating molten glass 101 therein. The melting tank 110 has a box shape in which a space is provided above the molten glass by the bottom wall 51 and the side wall 52, and the molten glass 101 forms a horizontal liquid surface 102 in the melting tank 110.
The melting tank 110 constitutes the melting chamber 100 integrally formed with the arch-shaped ceiling portion 53 covering the upper portion. The bottom wall 51, the side wall 52, and the ceiling 53 are made of refractory material such as bricks.
A raw material supply port 56 for supplying a glass raw material 103 is provided above the liquid surface 102 of the molten glass 101 in the side wall portion 52 on the upstream side of the melting tank 110. Further, a discharge port 57 for discharging the molten glass 101 is formed below the liquid surface 102 of the side wall portion 52 on the downstream side of the melting tank 110.
In the melting tank 110, as a heating source for heating the inside of the melting tank 110, a plurality of burners 31 to 40 are provided above the liquid surface 102 of the molten glass 101 in the side wall portion 52, and the plurality of burners 31 to 40 form a flame (flame) toward the melting tank 110 in a direction from upstream to downstream on one side with respect to the molten glass 101. A plurality of burners 41-50 are similarly provided on the other side of the melting tank 110 with respect to the molten glass 101. The oxygen burners are preferably used for the plurality of burners 31 to 40, 41 to 50.
In the melting tank 110 of the present embodiment, the oxygen burner having the chamfered portion 18 described above is used, and the deposition of volatile components such as boron on the burners 31 to 40, 41 to 50 is reduced. Thus, the failure of the burners 31 to 40, 41 to 50 is suppressed, the service life is prolonged, and stable combustion is ensured.
In the melting tank 110, a first exhaust port 54 is provided upstream of the burner 31 and a second exhaust port 55 is provided upstream of the burner 41 above the liquid surface 102 of the molten glass 101 in the side wall portion 52. The first exhaust port 54 and the second exhaust port 55 discharge exhaust gas generated by flame combustion or the like in the melting tank 110 to the outside.
Further, in the melting tank 110, a bubbler 59 for generating bubbles 113 in the molten glass 101 is provided at substantially the center of the bottom wall portion 51 from the upstream side toward the downstream side. The bubbler 59 forms circulating flows 115 and 117 in the molten glass 101 by the bubbles 113 generated by the ejected gas, thereby homogenizing the molten glass 101.
It should be noted that oxygen burners may not be used for all of the burners 31 to 40, 41 to 50. A part of the burners 31 to 40, 41 to 50 may be used as a burner known as an air burner and belonging to the prior art.
The air burner injects fuel gas mixed with air and burns it together. The air burner has an injection port communicating with the air supply hole formed in an injection surface of the refractory block, and a fuel gas nozzle is provided inside the injection port. A mixture, which is a mixture of air supplied from the air supply hole and fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas nozzle, is injected from the injection port.
By using such an air burner for a part of the burners 31 to 40, 41 to 50 of the melting tank 110, the amount of moisture contained in the molten glass 101 can be controlled. Further, the air burner supplies a large flow rate of air, and the diameter of the opening of the injection surface is larger than that of the oxygen burner, so that the flow velocity of the mixture of the fuel gas and the air injected from the opening is also larger. Therefore, the volatile matter is less likely to adhere to the injection port of the air burner and the periphery of the fuel gas nozzle.
(method for producing glass and method for melting glass)
The glass manufacturing method of the present embodiment includes: a melting step of melting glass raw materials 103 supplied to a melting tank 110 of a glass melting furnace 90 to obtain molten glass; a fining step of removing bubbles from the molten glass to refine the molten glass; and a forming step of forming the clarified molten glass into a predetermined shape.
The melting step in the above-described steps includes a glass melting method in which the glass raw material 103 supplied from the raw material supply port 56 of the melting tank 110 is heated by the burners 31 to 40, 41 to 50 to form the molten glass 101. The molten glass 101 obtained in the melting step is taken out from the discharge port 57 of the melting tank 110 and conveyed to the subsequent fining step.
According to this glass melting method, the burners 31 to 40, 41 to 50 provided in the melting tank 110 use the oxygen burners to reduce the deposition of volatile components, and thus the glass raw material 103 can be melted stably and efficiently.
The fining step is a step of supplying the molten glass obtained in the melting step to a fining tank, and floating up bubbles in the molten glass to remove the bubbles. As a method for promoting the rising of bubbles, for example, there is a method of deaerating by reducing the pressure in a clarifying tank. The forming step is a step of forming the clarified molten glass into a plate shape having a predetermined plate thickness. As a method of forming the plate-like body, for example, a float method and a melting method are known.
In the glass manufacturing method, in a melting process of forming a glass raw material 103 into molten glass 101 by a melting tank 110, burners 31-40, 41-50 provided in the melting tank 110 use the oxygen burners to reduce the accumulation of volatile components. Therefore, the glass raw material 103 can be stably and efficiently melted, and glass can be efficiently produced.
Examples
(examples)
Examples 1 to 3 to which the oxygen burner of the present embodiment is applied will be described. The embodiments 1 to 3 are applicable to at least one of the burners 31 to 40, 41 to 50 provided in the melting tank 110.
The oxygen burner of example 1 was equipped with the chamfered portion 18 shown in FIG. 1(C), the chamfer angle α was 45 degrees, the chamfer width C was 8mm, the diameter D of the fuel gas hole 13 was 37mm, the distance L from the fuel gas outlet 13a to the fuel gas nozzle 17 was 52mm, and the supply amount of natural gas as fuel gas was 40Nm3H (flow rate 47 m/s). Other specifications are as in Table 1The description of example 1 is provided. The supply amount of natural gas as fuel gas in example 2 was 50Nm3The flow rate was 59m/s, and the other specifications were the same as in example 1. Further, the supply amount of natural gas as the fuel gas in example 3 was 70Nm3The flow rate was 83m/s, and the other specifications were the same as in example 1. The flow rate of the usage condition is the flow rate of the fuel gas at the tip end of the fuel gas nozzle 17. Flow velocity [ m/s ]]Using the fuel gas supply amount and the fuel gas nozzle diameter d [ m ]]The calculation is performed by the following equation.
Flow velocity [ m/s ]]Supply amount [ Nm3/h]/(3600×π×d2×0.25×3)
Even when such an oxygen burner is operated for a predetermined period, the volatile matter adheres to the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13 by less than a predetermined amount, and burning of the fuel gas nozzle 17 can be avoided. Therefore, in the oxygen burner of the present embodiment, it was confirmed that the deposition of volatile matter and the burning loss of the fuel gas nozzle 17 were reduced by providing the chamfered portion 18 of the present invention.
[ TABLE 1 ]
TABLE 1
Comparative example
In the comparative examples 1 to 5 in table 1, examples of oxygen burners not provided with chamfered portions for comparison are shown. The diameter D of the fuel gas hole 13 and the distance L from the fuel gas outlet 13a to the fuel gas nozzle 17 are the same as those in embodiment 1.
Of the orifices used under the conditions shown in table 1, no orifices were provided in the examples (comparative examples 3 to 5) in which no numerical value was described.
In comparative example 5, although burning loss of the fuel gas nozzle 17 was reduced, the adhesion of the volatile matter to the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13 was not reduced. The volatile matter adhesion to the fuel gas holes 13 and the burning loss of the fuel gas nozzles 17 in comparative examples 1 to 4 were not good.
In the above-described embodiment, the oxygen burner has a structure in which 1 fuel gas hole 13 and 1 oxygen hole 14 are provided, but the present invention is not limited to such a structure. The number of the fuel gas holes 13 and the number of the oxygen holes 14 may be 1 or more, and for example, the number of the fuel gas holes 13 may be 3 and the number of the oxygen holes 14 may be 2.
Further, in the melting tank 110 of the glass melting furnace 90 of the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, oxygen burners are disposed in the burners 31 to 40, 41 to 50, but the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. The air burner and the oxygen burner may be disposed in other configurations as long as they are suitable for melting the alkali-free glass.
In the oxygen burner of the above-described embodiment, it is assumed that natural gas is used as the fuel gas and oxygen is used as the oxygen gas, but the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. Other fuel gases, oxygen, may also be used.
This application is based on japanese patent application No. 2014-249562 filed on 12/10 of 2014, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
Description of the reference symbols
10 refractory block
11 spray surface
12 back side
13 fuel gas hole
13a fuel gas outlet
13b Fuel gas Inlet
14 oxygen hole
14a oxygen outlet
14b oxygen inlet
17 fuel gas nozzle
31 to 40, 41 to 50 burners
90 glass melting furnace
101 molten glass
110 melting tank
Claims (11)
1. A burner for glass melting, which is provided in a glass melting tank, is characterized by comprising:
a refractory block including a spray surface facing the inside of a glass melting tank, a fuel gas hole opened in the spray surface for spraying a fuel gas into the glass melting tank, and an oxygen hole adjacent to the fuel gas hole and opened in the spray surface for spraying oxygen into the glass melting tank; and
a fuel gas nozzle provided in the fuel gas hole and injecting fuel gas through the fuel gas hole,
in the glass melting tank, the fuel gas jetted from the fuel gas holes is combusted together with the oxygen gas jetted from the oxygen gas holes,
the fuel gas hole has a prescribed chamfered portion.
2. The burner for glass melting according to claim 1,
when the diameter of the fuel gas hole is set to D, the chamfer width of the chamfer part is set to C, and the distance from the injection surface to the fuel gas nozzle is set to L, the ratio of C/D is 0.05-0.35, the ratio of C/L is 0.05-0.25, D is 30-50 mm, C is 1-15 mm, L is 40-60 mm, and the angle of the chamfer part is 30-60 degrees.
3. The burner for glass melting according to claim 1,
the chamfered portion is formed by a fillet, and when the diameter of the fuel gas hole is D, the chamfer width of the chamfered portion is C, and the distance from the injection surface to the fuel gas nozzle is L, the ratio of C/D is 0.05-0.35, C/L is 0.05-0.25, D is 30-50 mm, C is 1-15 mm, and L is 40-60 mm.
4. The burner for glass melting according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,
the fuel gas nozzle injects the fuel gas so that a flow velocity at a tip end of the fuel gas nozzle is 90m/s or less.
5. The burner for glass melting according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,
the fuel gas nozzle injects the fuel gas so that a flow velocity at a tip end of the fuel gas nozzle is 40m/s or more.
6. The burner for glass melting according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,
the fuel gas hole is configured to supply oxygen gas at a predetermined flow rate together with the fuel gas and inject the oxygen gas together with the fuel gas.
7. The burner for glass melting according to claim 6,
the burner for glass melting is provided with an orifice for supplying a predetermined proportion of oxygen gas of the oxygen gas supplied from the oxygen gas supply source to the fuel gas holes.
8. The burner for glass melting according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,
the fuel gas comprises natural gas and the oxygen comprises oxygen.
9. A glass melting furnace provided with the burner for glass melting according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A glass melting method using the glass melting furnace according to claim 9, wherein a glass raw material is heated by the glass melting burner to form molten glass.
11. A glass manufacturing method using the glass melting furnace according to claim 9, the glass manufacturing method comprising:
a melting step of heating a glass raw material by the glass-melting burner to form molten glass;
a fining step of removing bubbles from the molten glass obtained in the melting step; and
and a forming step of forming the molten glass having undergone the fining step into a sheet shape.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014-249562 | 2014-12-10 | ||
| JP2014249562 | 2014-12-10 | ||
| PCT/JP2015/082197 WO2016093022A1 (en) | 2014-12-10 | 2015-11-17 | Burner for glass melting, glass melting furnace, method for melting glass and method for producing glass |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107001093A CN107001093A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
| CN107001093B true CN107001093B (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201580066802.5A Active CN107001093B (en) | 2014-12-10 | 2015-11-17 | Burner for melting glass, glass melting furnace, method for melting glass, and method for producing glass |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6579116B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102351915B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN107001093B (en) |
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| WO (1) | WO2016093022A1 (en) |
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| CN106277718B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-03-15 | 巨石集团有限公司 | A kind of glass fibre tank furnace glass metal channel heating means |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5500033A (en) | 1995-01-23 | 1996-03-19 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Melt heating method |
| JP3897534B2 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2007-03-28 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Burner nozzle |
| US7390189B2 (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2008-06-24 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Burner and method for combusting fuels |
| US8408197B2 (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2013-04-02 | Corning Incorporated | Submergible combustion burner |
| KR100904884B1 (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-06-29 | 황부성 | Hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas combustion burner |
| US8875544B2 (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2014-11-04 | Johns Manville | Burner apparatus, submerged combustion melters including the burner, and methods of use |
| CN201897222U (en) * | 2010-12-11 | 2011-07-13 | 巨石集团有限公司 | Burner for heating molten glass |
| JP5742694B2 (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2015-07-01 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Burner and glass melting furnace provided with the same, method for producing combustion flame, method for producing molten glass, and method for producing glass article |
| JP2016102030A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2016-06-02 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Dissolution method of glass, production method of molten glass, and production method of sheet glass |
-
2015
- 2015-11-17 KR KR1020177014735A patent/KR102351915B1/en active Active
- 2015-11-17 JP JP2016563584A patent/JP6579116B2/en active Active
- 2015-11-17 WO PCT/JP2015/082197 patent/WO2016093022A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-11-17 CN CN201580066802.5A patent/CN107001093B/en active Active
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| KR20170093814A (en) | 2017-08-16 |
| JP6579116B2 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
| TW201632473A (en) | 2016-09-16 |
| KR102351915B1 (en) | 2022-01-18 |
| JPWO2016093022A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
| TWI673242B (en) | 2019-10-01 |
| CN107001093A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
| WO2016093022A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
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