CN106956201B - Grinding polisher and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a grinding and polishing machine and a method thereof. It includes two parts: the bottom grinding mechanism and the top pressure mechanism. The grinding mechanism consists of a frame, a motor, a coupling, a fixed bracket, a moving table, a cam mechanism, a grinding disc, a cantilever beam, the first connecting rod, and the third connecting rod. 1. The second connecting rod is formed; the pressurizing mechanism is composed of a pressing thimble, a fixed card pin, a rotating weight frame, a weight rotating rod, a screw weight, and a clamp. The unique design of the grinding link member of the grinding and polishing machine enables the processing track to be changed through the change of the cam mechanism. The pressurization method is pressurized on both sides, avoiding pressure concentration, and tends to a more stable state during the entire processing process. It has a simple structure. , good stability and high processing precision.

Description

Grinding and polishing machine and method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of precision machining grinding and polishing, and relates to a grinding and polishing machine and a method thereof.

Background technique

With the advancement of science and technology, grinding and polishing machines play an increasingly important role in the field of precision machining and polishing.

A polishing machine is a polishing device that grinds the surface of a product to obtain a product with higher surface precision. The traditional grinding and polishing machine mainly uses mechanical polishing, which consists of a frame, a polishing wheel on the frame, a polishing fabric on the polishing wheel, and a driving motor for driving the polishing wheel. Due to poor precision and stability, it is difficult to achieve the desired high-quality scratch-free appearance. At this stage, the surface polishing machines on the market generally include swing arm type surface polishing machines, weight pressurized polishing machines, planetary type surface polishing machines, etc. The former workpiece clamp has a deflection moment, and the cylinder is used for tilting pressure, which is easy to cause damage during high-speed grinding. The workpiece runs away and causes damage; the weight pressure polishing machine is suitable for precision machining in the laboratory; the latter is the most widely used planetary surface polishing machine at present, it can complete the precision grinding of ceramics, sapphire and other materials, but in processing Large workpieces are still lacking.

Check the relevant patents. The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN 103862355A discloses a polishing machine, which adopts a gantry structure as a whole, including an abrasive belt mechanism, a flexible grinding head, a linear axis, a swing axis, and a rotary axis. The frequency conversion motor drives the abrasive belt. Abrasive belt movement on the mechanism; the Chinese patent application with the publication number CN 205799205U discloses a polishing machine, comprising: a housing, a grinding seat, the grinding seat is arranged on the housing, a pressure equalizing device, and the pressure equalizing device includes at least four pressure heads , a driving part and at least two driven parts.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a grinding and polishing machine, and its technical scheme is as follows:

A grinding and polishing machine, including two parts: a bottom grinding mechanism and a top pressure mechanism. The grinding mechanism consists of a frame, a motor, a coupling, a fixed bracket, a moving table, a cam mechanism, a grinding disc, a cantilever beam, and a first connecting rod. , the third connecting rod, and the second connecting rod; the pressurizing mechanism is composed of a pressure thimble, a fixed card pin, a rotating weight frame, a weight rotating rod, a screw weight, and a clamp;

Two cantilever beams are fixed on the frame, and each cantilever beam is respectively equipped with a pressurizing mechanism, and the two pressurizing mechanisms exert pressure on the left and right sides of the fixture respectively, and two extension rods are fixed at the front end of each cantilever beam, The extension rod is hinged with the rotating weight frame. One end of the rotating weight frame is threaded. The two spiral weights are connected to the rotating weight frame through a screw connection. The upper side of the rotating weight frame is fixed with a weight rotating rod. The code rotating rod can drive the rotating weight frame to rotate. There is a hole at the front end of the cantilever beam, and a pressure thimble is placed in the hole. When the weight frame is lifted by the weight rotating rod, the spring in the cantilever beam hole will push up the pressure thimble, and the screw weight can be rotated forward and backward to change the torque on the rotating weight frame, and then change the rotation of the rotating weight frame. The pressure of the thimble is applied to control the change of the processing load. The front end of the cantilever beam is also fixed with a fixed pin for clamping the fixture;

The motor is fixed on the frame through a fixed bracket, and the motor is connected to the cam mechanism through a coupling. The rotation of the motor drives the cam mechanism to rotate. A motion workbench is installed on the plane of the frame. There is a hole in the middle of the worktable, and a cam mechanism is set in the hole. The outer curve of the cam mechanism and the inner hole curve of the motion table are in contact with each other during the rotation of the cam mechanism. The rotation of the cam mechanism drives the movement of the motion table, and a grinding disc is installed on the upper side of the motion table. The two sides of the inner side of the motion workbench are respectively connected to the frame through the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and the third connecting rod connects the connecting rods on both sides in the middle of the hinges of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. Used to limit the range of motion of the motion table.

The feature of the fixture is that there are thimble holes and clamping holes on both sides of the fixture respectively, and the pressure thimble is pushed against the thimble hole to realize applying pressure to the fixture, and the fixed clamping pin is stuck in the clamping hole, which limits the degree of freedom of the fixture. To prevent movement, the clamping of the workpiece by the fixture can be mechanical clamping or adhesive clamping.

The mechanism composed of the first connecting rod, the third connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the cam mechanism of the bottom grinding mechanism limits the rotation range of the motion table; when working, the motor provides power through the coupling to drive the cam mechanism to realize the rotary motion. The mechanism drives the moving table to move in a plane curve. At this time, the grinding disc installed on the moving table moves in a plane curve to complete the grinding and polishing of the workpiece; the pressure mechanism is set on the upper ends of the cantilever beams on both sides to meet the clamping requirements for the fixture. Rotate and lift the weight rotating rod during operation, place the fixture after clamping the workpiece on the grinding disc, press the thimble against the thimble hole of the fixture, and fix the pin into the clamping hole of the fixture to limit the degree of freedom of the fixture , Put down the weight and turn the rod, rotate the screw weight back and forth, set the pressure, and complete the pressurization work.

The plane of the moving table in the bottom grinding mechanism can be square, rectangular, circular, regular pentagonal, regular hexagonal, polygonal, etc., and the opening in the middle can be square, circular, polygonal, curved, and multi-choice one of the shapes.

The weight of the top pressing mechanism can move back and forth to change the torque and then change the pressure of the pressing top against the fixture, so as to meet the different requirements of different processing loads in different occasions.

The plane of the moving table (4) in the bottom grinding mechanism can be one of square, rectangle, circle, regular pentagon, regular hexagon, and polygon, and the middle opening can be square, circular, polygonal, or curved. Shape, one of the multi-choice shapes.

The unique design of the grinding and connecting rod components of this grinding and polishing machine makes the workpiece tend to be more stable during the whole processing process. It has the characteristics of simple structure, high stability of grinding disc, high processing precision and excellent performance. The used pressurizing mechanism and rotary mechanism can better and accurately maintain the stability of the processing process and adapt to the continuous change of the processing process pressure through continuous adjustment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation (three-dimensional view one) of grinding and polishing machine;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation (three-dimensional view two) of grinding and polishing machine;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping and the overall view of the grinding and polishing machine.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

A grinding and polishing machine as shown in Figure 1-3 mainly includes two parts: a grinding mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism. The grinding mechanism consists of a frame 1, a motor 2, a shaft coupling 16, a fixed bracket 3, a moving table 4, a cam mechanism 15, a grinding disc 5, a cantilever beam 11, a first connecting rod 12, a third connecting rod 13, a second The connecting rod 14 constitutes; the pressurizing mechanism is made up of pressing thimble 6, fixed card pin 7, rotating weight frame 8, weight rotating rod 9, screw weight 10, clamp 17.

The pressing mechanism is characterized in that two cantilever beams 11 are fixed on the frame 1, and each cantilever beam 11 is equipped with a pressing mechanism respectively. Two protruding rods are fixed at the front end, and the protruding rods are connected to the rotating weight frame 8 through a screw mechanism. One end of the rotating weight frame 8 is threaded, and two spiral weights 10 are connected to the rotating weight frame 8 through a screw connection. A weight rotating rod 9 is fixed on the upper side of one end of the rotating weight frame 8, and rotating the weight rotating rod 9 can drive the rotating weight frame 8 to rotate. There is a hole at the front end of the cantilever beam 11, and a pressure thimble is placed in the hole. 6. When the rotating weight frame 8 is put down through the weight rotating rod 9, the pressure thimble 6 will be pushed down against the fixture, and when the rotating weight frame 8 is lifted up through the weight rotating rod 9, the spring in the hole of the cantilever beam 11 will The pressing thimble 6 is lifted up, and the screw weight 10 can be rotated forward and backward to change the torque on the rotating weight frame 8, thereby changing the pressure of the rotating weight frame 8 on the pressing thimble 6, thereby controlling the change of the processing load , The front end of the cantilever beam 11 is also fixed with a fixed pin 7 for clamping the clamp.

The grinding mechanism is characterized in that the motor 2 is fixed on the frame 1 through the fixed bracket 3, the motor 2 is connected to the cam mechanism 15 through the coupling 16, the rotation of the motor 2 drives the rotation of the cam mechanism 15, and the plane on the frame is installed through a plane connection The motion workbench 4 is provided, that is, the motion workbench 4 can move in a plane plane on the frame, and a hole is opened in the middle of the motion workbench 4, and a cam mechanism 15 is matched in the hole, the outer curve of the cam mechanism 15 and the curve of the inner hole of the motion workbench 4, Contacting at different places during rotation, the rotation of the cam mechanism 15 drives the motion table 4. Since the cam and the cam matching hole in the motion table 4 can be of any shape, the planar movement mode of the motion table 4 will also change with the cam curve. Grinding disc 5 is installed on the upper side of motion table 4, and then the motion track of grinding disc 5 changes; both sides of the inner side of motion table 4 are respectively connected to the frame through the first connecting rod 12 and the second connecting rod 14, and the third connecting rod 13 connects the connecting rods on both sides in the middle of the hinges of the first connecting rod 12 and the second connecting rod 14, and this connecting rod group can limit the range of motion of the moving workbench 4.

The clamp 17 is characterized in that there are thimble holes and clamping holes on both sides of the clamp 17, and the pressure-applying thimble 6 is pushed in the thimble hole to realize applying pressure to the clamp, and the fixed clamping pin 7 is stuck in the clamping hole, limiting the clamp degrees of freedom to prevent movement, and the clamping of the workpiece by the fixture is mechanical clamping.

Wherein the plane of the moving workbench 4 in the grinding mechanism can be a square, a rectangle, a circle, a regular pentagon, a regular hexagon, etc., and a square plane moving workbench is adopted in this embodiment.

The specific operation steps are:

1) During operation, place the fixture after clamping the workpiece on the grinding disc, press the thimble 6 against the thimble hole of the fixture, fix the pin 7 into the clamping hole of the fixture, limit the degree of freedom of the fixture, and put down the weight to rotate Rod 9 rotates the screw weight 10 back and forth to set the pressure to complete the pressurization work;

2) Press the power switch, the motor 2 provides a power source through the coupling (16) to drive the cam mechanism 15 to perform a rotary motion, and the cam mechanism (15) drives the motion table (4) to move in a plane curve. At this time, it is installed on the motion table (4) The grinding disc 5 above moves in a plane curve to complete the grinding and polishing of the workpiece.

Claims (1)

1. A grinding and polishing machine, comprising two parts of a bottom grinding mechanism and a top pressurizing mechanism, characterized in that the grinding mechanism consists of a frame (1), a motor (2), a coupling (16), a fixed bracket (3), The motion table (4), the cam mechanism (15), the grinding disc (5), the cantilever beam (11), the first connecting rod (12), the third connecting rod (13), and the second connecting rod (14); The pressurizing mechanism is composed of a pressure thimble (6), a fixed pin (7), a rotating weight frame (8), a weight rotating rod (9), a screw weight (10), and a clamp (17); Two cantilever beams (11) are fixed on the frame (1), and a pressurizing mechanism is respectively installed on each cantilever beam (11). (11) There are two protruding rods fixed at the front end, which are hinged to the rotating weight frame (8). One end of the rotating weight frame (8) has threads, and the two screw weights (10) are connected to On the rotating weight rack (8), a weight rotating rod (9) is fixed on the upper side of the rotating weight rack (8). Rotating the weight rotating rod (9) can drive the rotating weight rack (8) to rotate, and the cantilever beam ( 11) There is a hole at the front end, and a pressure-applying thimble (6) is placed in the hole. When the rotating weight frame (8) is lowered through the weight rotating rod (9), the pressure-applying thimble (6) will be pressed down against the fixture. When the rotating weight frame (8) is lifted by the weight turning rod (9), the spring in the hole of the cantilever beam (11) will push up the pressing thimble (6), and the screw weight (10) will move forward and backward. The rotation can change the torque on the rotating weight frame (8), and then change the pressure of the rotating weight frame (8) on the pressing thimble (6), thereby controlling the change of the processing load. The front end of the cantilever beam (11) is also fixed with a fixed The card pin (7) is used to block the fixture; The motor (2) is fixed on the frame (1) through the fixed bracket (3), the motor (2) is connected to the cam mechanism (15) through the shaft coupling (16), the rotation of the motor (2) drives the rotation of the cam mechanism (15), A motion table (4) is installed on the plane of the frame, and the motion table (4) can perform plane movement on the plane of the frame. There is a hole in the middle of the motion table (4), and a cam mechanism (15) is arranged in the hole. (15) The outer curve and the inner hole curve of the motion table (4) are in contact with each other at intervals during the rotation of the cam mechanism (15). The rotation of the cam mechanism (15) drives the motion of the motion table (4), and the upper side of the motion table (4) is installed Grinding disc (5), the two sides of the upper side of the moving workbench (4) are respectively connected to the frame through the first connecting rod (12) and the second connecting rod (14), and the third connecting rod (13) is connected with the first connecting rod (12), the middle of the hinge of the second connecting rod (14) connects the connecting rods on both sides, and the first connecting rod (12), the second connecting rod (14), and the third connecting rod (13) are used to limit the movement work The range of motion of the platform (4); There are thimble holes and locking holes on both sides of the clamp (17), and the pressure thimble (6) is pushed into the thimble hole, so as to apply pressure to the clamp, and the fixing pin (7) is stuck in the locking hole , which restricts the degrees of freedom of the fixture and prevents movement; The plane of the motion workbench (4) is one of square, rectangle, circle, regular pentagon, and regular hexagon, and the middle opening is one of circle, polygon, curve, and multi-choice shape. ; The grinding and polishing machine comprises the following steps when grinding and polishing: 1) Pressurization preparation: place the fixture after clamping the workpiece on the grinding disc, press the thimble (6) against the thimble hole of the fixture, and fix the pin (7) into the clamping hole of the fixture to limit the freedom of the fixture Put down the weight and turn the rod (9), rotate the screw weight (10) back and forth, set the pressure, and complete the pressurization work; 2) Grinding and polishing work: press the power switch, the motor (2) provides the power source through the coupling (16) to drive the cam mechanism (15) to make a rotary motion, and the cam mechanism (15) drives the motion table (4) to move in a plane curve At this time, the grinding disc (5) mounted on the moving table (4) moves in a plane curve to complete the grinding and polishing of the workpiece.