CN106955131B - 组织固定装置 - Google Patents
组织固定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106955131B CN106955131B CN201710081930.8A CN201710081930A CN106955131B CN 106955131 B CN106955131 B CN 106955131B CN 201710081930 A CN201710081930 A CN 201710081930A CN 106955131 B CN106955131 B CN 106955131B
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Abstract
一种组织固定装置,该装置包括在包括具有倒刺的环的远端部分和包括钝的尖端的近端部分之间延伸的伸长主体。根据用于预想应用的用途的组织固定装置要求的性能需求,以多种结构设置伸长主体、近端部分和远端部分。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是申请号为201380043362.2(国际申请号为:PCT/US2013/055678),申请日为2013年8月20日,发明名称为“组织固定装置”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
本申请要求享有于2012年8月22日提交的、第61/691,915号美国临时专利申请的利益和优先权,通过引用将该申请的全部内容并入本发明中。
背景
技术领域
本公开涉及医疗装置以及使用该医疗装置的方法。更具体地,本公开涉及用于组织固定的外科手术装置。
相关技术背景
用于修复损伤的或患病的组织的技术在医学中普遍存在。伤口闭合装置(例如缝合线和U形钉)以及诸如网状物或补片加固件的其它修复装置经常被用于修复。例如,在疝气的情况下,通常使用外科手术用网状物或补片以加固腹壁。通常情况下,使用缝合线、U形钉和/或平头钉以将外科手术用网状物或补片固定到周围组织。
例如,腹腔镜腹疝修复疗法的现行标准涉及保留缝合线的应用,通过外科手术用网状物并经腹部放置该保留缝合线,并束缚在皮肤正下方。永久缝合线通常用于这种应用。缝合线围绕网状物的周界放置,且有时在中心以永久地将网状物束缚至疝区域,防止网状物在腹膜内滑动。对于每条保留缝合线,外科手术医生会用缝合线手锥刺穿腹壁,抓住已预先放置在网状物上的缝合线的一端,并拉动缝合线的端部穿过腹壁并穿出皮肤。当缝合线的两端均在患者体外时,外科手术医生会将网状物向上拉,并在缝合线中打结,压敷腹壁并保持网状物紧靠腹膜。外科手术医生随后将切割多余的缝合线,并在结上闭合皮肤。对于每条保留缝合线,这一过程可能需要大约一分钟或两分钟,可能由于压迫了腹壁和在其内的神经,上述过程可能伴随着急性和/或慢性疼痛。
提供一种简化和缩短稳固网状物的时间以及限制或防止因腹壁和神经压迫引起的疼痛的固定装置,这将是有利的。
发明内容
一种组织固定装置,该装置包括伸长主体,所述伸长主体在包括具有倒刺的环的远端部分和包括钝的尖端的近端部分之间延伸。所述伸长主体、近端部分和远端部分以多种结构设置。
所述伸长主体可以由单细丝或复细丝形成,所述单细丝或复细丝可以各自具有倒刺或没有倒刺,并布置为沿其长度相交或保持分开。所述细丝(单细丝或复细丝)可以由可生物降解的和/或不可生物降解的聚合物材料和/或金属材料形成。
所述近端部分可以是伸长主体的延伸,或者可以以其它结构(例如环)设置。所述近端部分没有倒刺和针。在实施方式中,所述近端部分可以包括盖状物。所述盖状物可以是磁性的或者包括从其近端端部延伸的环以帮助临床医生将组织固定装置放置在组织内。所述近端部分还可以包括标记。
所述远端部分可以包括药拭。所述药拭可以置于远端部分的最远的端部,或者可以包括间隔开口,远端部分的环可以穿过该间隔开口束紧。所述药拭可以包括生物相容性涂层。在实施方式中,所述涂层为防粘剂,在其他实施方式中,所述涂层可以包括表面反应性官能团。所述药拭还可以包括倒刺和/或暗针以将药拭机械固定到组织上。
所述具有倒刺的环可以固定到伸长主体上,或者可以相对于伸长主体滑动。在实施方式中,所述具有倒刺的环包括固定到所述伸长主体的远端部分以及限定可沿伸长主体移动的未固定环的近端部分。具有倒刺的环可以配置为从其中具有倒刺的环展开的第一位置和其中具有倒刺的环压缩的第二位置移动。
附图说明
并入本说明书中且构成本说明书一部分的附图说明了本公开的实施方式,并且,连同上面给出的本公开的一般性描述内容和下面给出的实施方式的详细描述以用于解释本公开的原理,其中:
图1是根据本公开的一个实施方式的组织固定装置的侧视图;
图2A-2E是本公开的组织固定装置的远端部分的各种实施方式的侧视图;
图3A-3C是使用本公开的组织固定装置的示例性的方法的示意图;
图4是根据本公开的另一实施方式的组织固定装置的侧视图;
图5A和5B是根据本公开的又一实施方式的组织固定装置的侧视图;
图6A-6K是本公开的组织固定装置的主体部分的各种实施方式的侧视图;以及
图7A-7E是本公开的组织固定装置的近端部分的各种实施方式的侧视图。
具体实施方式
在本文中描述一种组织固定装置和使用该装置的方法。虽然此处的讨论和以下的附图描述了本公开的示例性实施方式在疝修复中使用的组织固定装置,然而,本发明公开的装置可以在需要连接或定位组织,或者其上紧固外科手术植入物的任何外科手术过程中使用。
根据本公开的组织固定装置包括伸长主体,所述伸长主体在包括具有倒刺的环的远端部分和包括钝的尖端的近端部分之间延伸。本发明所述的组织固定装置可以由具有适合装置用途目的的物理性能的任何灭菌生物相容性材料制成。组织固定装置的伸长主体、远端部分和/或近端部分可以由可在外科手术过程中使用的任何可生物降解的和/或不可生物降解的聚合物材料和/或金属材料制成。
本发明中使用的术语“可生物降解的”定义为包括可生物吸收的(bioabsorbable)和可生物再吸收的(bioresorbable)材料。对于可生物降解的,是指材料在身体条件下分解或者失去结构完整性(例如酶降解或者水解),或者在体内生理条件下分解(物理地或化学地),以使降解产物能被身体排泄或者吸收。可吸收材料通过生物组织吸收并在给定的时间结束时在体内消失,例如,根据材料的化学性质,所述给定的时间可以是从几个小时到几个月。但是应当理解的是,这样的材料包括天然的、合成的、可生物吸收的和/或某些不可吸收的材料,以及它们的组合。
代表性的天然的可生物降解聚合物包括:多糖,例如藻酸盐、葡聚糖、甲壳质、壳聚糖、透明质酸、纤维素、胶原、明胶、脱氧半乳聚糖(fucans)、葡萄糖胺聚糖及其化学衍生物(化学基团的取代和/或增加,例如,烷基、烯基、胺、硫酸酯、羟基化、羧基化、氧化和由本领域技术人员常规进行的其它改性);肠线;蚕丝;亚麻;棉花;以及蛋白质,例如,白蛋白、酪蛋白、玉米醇溶蛋白、丝蛋白(silk)、大豆蛋白以及它们的共聚物和掺和物;上述天然的可生物降解聚合物可以单独使用或者与合成聚合物组合使用。
合成改性的天然聚合物包括纤维素衍生物,例如,烷基纤维素、羟烷基纤维素、纤维素醚、纤维素酯、硝化纤维素和壳聚糖。合适的纤维素衍生物的实例包括甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟丁基甲基纤维素、醋酸纤维素、丙酸纤维素、醋酸丁酸纤维素、醋酸邻苯二甲酸纤维素、羧甲基纤维素,三醋酸纤维素和纤维素硫酸钠盐。
代表性的合成的可生物降解聚合物包括:由内酯单体(例如乙交酯、丙交酯、己内酯、ε-己内酯、戊内酯和δ-戊内酯)制备的聚羟基酸;碳酸酯(例如碳酸三亚甲基酯、碳酸四亚甲基酯等);二噁烷酮(例如,1,4-二噁烷酮和对二噁烷酮);1二氧杂环庚烷酮(例如,1,4-二氧杂环庚烷-2-酮和1,5-二氧杂环庚烷-2-酮);以及它们的组合。由此形成的聚合物包括:聚交酯;聚(乳酸);聚乙交酯;聚(乙醇酸);聚(碳酸三亚甲基酯);聚(二噁烷酮);聚(羟基丁酸);聚(羟基戊酸);聚(丙交酯-共-(ε-己内酯));聚(乙交酯-共-(ε-己内酯));聚碳酸酯;聚(假氨基酸);聚(氨基酸);聚(羟基链烷酸酯),包括聚羟基丁酸酯、聚羟基戊酸酯、聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-共-3-羟基戊酸酯)、聚羟基辛酸酯和聚羟基己酸酯;聚亚烷基草酸酯(polyalkylene oxalates);聚噁酯(polyoxaesters);聚酐;聚酯酸酐;聚原酸酯;以及它们的共聚物、嵌段共聚物、均聚物、掺合物和组合。
适合的不可降解材料的一些非限制性实例包括:聚烯烃,例如聚乙烯(包括超高分子量聚乙烯)和聚丙烯(包括无规、全同立构、间同立构和它们的掺合物);聚乙二醇;聚氧化乙烯;聚异丁烯和乙烯-α烯烃共聚物;氟化聚烯烃,例如氟化乙烯、氟化丙烯、氟化PEGS和聚四氟乙烯;聚酰胺,例如尼龙、尼龙6、尼龙6,6、尼龙6,10、尼龙11和尼龙12以及聚己内酰胺;聚胺;聚亚胺;聚酯,例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylenenaphthalate)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯;聚醚;聚丁烯酯(polybutester);聚四亚甲基醚二醇;1,4-丁二醇;聚氨酯;丙烯酸类聚合物;甲基丙烯酸;卤化乙烯基聚合物,例如聚氯乙烯;聚乙烯醇;聚乙烯基醚,例如聚乙烯基甲基醚;聚偏二卤化乙烯,例如聚偏二氟乙烯和聚偏二氯乙烯;聚氯氟乙烯;聚丙烯腈;聚芳醚酮;聚乙烯酮;聚乙烯基芳香族化合物,例如聚苯乙烯;聚乙烯基酯,例如聚乙酸乙烯酯;乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物、ABS树脂和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物;醇酸树脂;聚碳酸酯;聚甲醛;聚膦嗪;聚酰亚胺;环氧树脂;芳族聚酰胺;人造丝;人造丝-三乙酸酯;氨纶(spandex);硅氧烷;以及它们的共聚物和组合。
在实施方式中,伸长主体、远端部分、近端部分或其部分可以由聚丁烯酯(polybutester),即对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯与聚四亚甲基醚二醇的共聚物形成。例如,所述组织固定装置或其部分可以由市售的不可吸收聚丁烯酯单细丝(由Covidien公司以商品名NovafilTM出售)形成。在一些实施方式中,所述组织固定装置或其部分可以由乙醇酸和碳酸三亚甲基酯的共聚物(例如购自Covidien公司的MaxonTM)形成。在实施方式中,所述组织固定装置或其部分可以由乙醇酸、碳酸三亚甲基酯和二噁烷酮的三元共聚物(例如购自Covidien公司的BiosynTM)形成。
在实施方式中,所述组织固定装置可以包括:金属,例如钢或钛;金属合金,包括可降解的合金(例如基于铁的或基于镁的可降解的合金等)。
本发明所述的组织固定装置的伸长主体可以由单细丝或复细丝结构形成,所述单细丝或复细丝结构可以由如上所述的天然的、合成的、可降解的和/或不可降解的材料以及它们的组合制成。例如,可以使用本领域技术人员所知范围内的任何技术(例如挤出、模塑、流延和/或纺丝)形成所述伸长主体。当所述伸长主体由复细丝制成时,可以使用任何已知技术(例如编织、机织或针织)形成所述伸长主体。所述细丝还可以被拉伸、取向、退火、煅烧、褶皱(crinkled)、卷曲、混合或空气缠结以形成所述伸长主体。
在实施方式中,伸长主体或其部分可以具有倒刺。倒刺可以是以特定的或随机的图案沿着伸长主体的一部分或整个长度形成的单个或复合倒刺。倒刺可以由伸长主体的外表面的斜角切口(angled cut)形成,或者倒刺可以在伸长主体的外表面上模制而成,以使得所述倒刺的内表面位于与伸长主体的外表面相对。倒刺可以全部在相同或不同的方向上取向,并可以以相同或不同的倒刺角度进行切割。复合倒刺包括内表面,所述内表面包括在相对于伸长主体纵轴分别置于第一和第二方向上的至少两个斜角切口。可以使用的复合倒刺的实例包括在名称为“复合倒刺医疗装置和方法”的美国专利申请公开2009/0210006中公开的复合倒刺,其全部公开内容通过引用并入本文中。
倒刺的表面积可以不同。例如,锻槽尖端(fuller-tipped)倒刺可以由用于特定外科手术应用设计的不同尺寸制成。当连接脂肪和相对较软的组织时,大倒刺是理想的,而较小的倒刺可能更适于胶原密集的组织。例如,在一些实施方式中,当用于具有不同的组织层结构的组织修复中时,对于相同的结构,大倒刺和小倒刺的组合可能是有益的。可以在相同的组织固定装置中使用大倒刺和小倒刺的组合,使得倒刺尺寸按照每个组织层定制,以确保最大的固定性能。
所述远端部分包括具有倒刺的环。所述具有倒刺的环可以通过常规手段永久地或可释放地固定在伸长主体上,例如,所述常规手段为通过超声波焊接或通过使用粘结剂,或者可以与所述伸长主体一体形成。类似地,所述近端部分可以是与伸长主体分离和连接的组件,或者与所述伸长主体一体形成。所述近端部分的最近的端部包括用于无创伤性地插入组织的钝的或不锋利的尖端。所述远端部分和/或近端部分可以由与伸长主体相同或不同的材料制成。
现在参照附图,图1示出本公开的组织固定装置100。组织固定装置100包括伸长主体110、近端部分120和远端部分130。伸长主体110在近端部分120和远端部分130之间延伸,且以没有倒刺的实心结构示出。尽管示出的具有基本上为圆形的横截面几何形状,但所述伸长主体部分可以是任何合适的形状,例如圆形、椭圆形、正方形、扁平形、八角形和矩形,以及其他几何和非几何形状。在具体实施方式中,伸长主体110可以具有不同的直径,例如,所述伸长主体在近端可以具有较小的直径,所述近端逐渐过渡到更大直径的远端。
近端部分120从伸长主体110连续延伸,并终止于钝的尖端122。远端部分130包括具有通过终端部分132c相互连接的第一区段132a和第二区段132b的环132。倒刺134可以置于环132的任何部分,在实施方式中,倒刺134至少置于环132最靠近伸长主体110的部分。如图所示,倒刺134置于环132的第一区段132a和第二区段132b上,且终端部分132c没有倒刺。也即是说,在环的最远端部分132c没有倒刺。
如图2A-2E中所示,所述组织固定装置的远端部分可以设置药拭。药拭可以由塑料、聚合物或其它生物相容的材料(包括如上所述的不可降解的和/或可降解的材料)形成。例如,在组织固定装置的远端部分是由不可降解材料制成的实施方式中,可以使用不可降解的药拭,例如基于硅氧烷或碳氟化合物的材料(例如聚四氟乙烯(例如TEFLON))制成的药拭。类似地,在组织固定装置的远端部分是由生物可降解材料制成的一些实施方式中,可以使用可生物降解的药拭,例如由丙交酯和乙交酯的共聚物制成的药拭。
在实施方式中,药拭可以包括磁性材料,以帮助临床医生使用外部磁体针对组织定位药拭。药拭可以由可吸收的和/或不可吸收的磁体材料制造,例如铁磁性金属。合适的金属包括铁矿石(磁铁矿或天然磁石);钴和镍;稀土金属(例如钆和镝);以及它们的合金。药拭还可以由诸如陶瓷或铁氧体、铝镍钴合金(铝、镍和钴与铁的组合)或triconal(钛、钴、镍和铝与铁的组合)的复合材料制成。在一些实施方式中,药拭可以由包含铁磁性金属颗粒的聚合物材料形成。聚合物可以是如上所述的任何可生物降解的和/或不可生物降解的聚合物。在实施方式中,铁磁性金属颗粒可以与形成药拭的聚合物任意地混合或共挤出,或者可以通过任何合适的化学键束缚至聚合物。在一些实施方式中,铁磁性金属颗粒可以喷涂或浸涂涂布在形成的药拭上。
如图2A所示,药拭240可以牢固地固定到远端部分230的环232的终端部分232c,或者如图2B所示,药拭240可以包括开口342,其尺寸允许环332的第一区段332a和第二区段332b从其中通过,以使药拭340可以沿远端部分330的环332中的任何部分定位。
在实施方式中,药拭可以包括涂层。所述涂层可以用于改变药拭表面的物理性质(例如,增强润滑性),或者可以对组织提供治疗上的有益性。在一般情况下,例如,涂层可以通过喷涂、浸涂、刷涂、气相沉积、共挤出、毛细管芯吸、薄膜流延和模制等施加到药拭的表面上或其选择性区域。
治疗剂包括任何具有临床用途的物质或物质的混合物。或者,治疗剂可以是提供治疗或预防效果的任何试剂;影响或参与组织生长、细胞生长和/或细胞分化的化合物;能够引起或者预防生物作用(例如免疫反应)的化合物;或者能够在一种或多种生物过程中起到任何其他作用的化合物。可以在药拭上涂布各种治疗剂,或者将其结合到本公开的组织固定装置中。此外,可以增强组织修复、限制败血症的风险以及调节组织固定装置的机械性能(例如,在水中的溶胀率、拉伸强度等)的任何试剂都可以加入到形成组织固定装置的材料中,或者可以涂布在其上。
可以用于本公开的治疗剂的种类的实例包括抗微生物剂、镇痛药、退热药、麻醉药、抗癫痫剂、抗组织胺药、抗炎药、心血管药物、诊断用药、拟交感神经药、拟胆碱能药、抗毒蕈碱药、解痉剂、激素、生长因子、肌松药、肾上腺素能神经元阻滞剂、抗肿瘤药、免疫源性制剂、免疫抑制剂、胃肠药、利尿药、类固醇、类脂、脂多糖、多糖和酶类。也可以预见到,可以使用治疗剂的组合。
在本公开中其他的治疗剂可以包括:局部麻醉药;非类固醇类抗生育剂;拟副交感神经药;精神治疗药物;镇静剂;减充血剂;镇静催眠药;类固醇;磺胺类药;拟交感神经药;疫苗;维生素;抗疟药;抗偏头痛药;抗震颤麻痹药,例如左旋多巴;止痉挛药;抗胆碱能药物(例如奥昔布宁);镇咳药;支气管扩张剂;心血管剂,例如冠脉扩张药和硝酸甘油;生物碱类;镇痛药;麻醉药,例如可待因、二氢可待因酮、哌替啶和吗啡等;非麻醉药,例如水杨酸盐、阿司匹林、对乙酰氨基酚和d-丙氧芬等;阿片受体拮抗剂,例如纳曲酮和纳洛酮;抗癌剂;抗惊厥药;镇吐药;抗组织胺类;抗炎药,例如激素制剂、氢化可的松、泼尼松龙、泼尼松、非激素制剂、别嘌呤醇、消炎痛和保泰松等;前列腺素和细胞毒类药物;雌激素;抗菌药物;抗生素;抗真菌剂;抗病毒剂;抗凝剂;抗惊厥药;抗抑郁药;抗组织胺类;以及免疫药。
在本公开中可以包括的合适的治疗剂的其它实例包括:病毒和细胞;肽、多肽和蛋白及其类似物、突变型蛋白及其活性片段;免疫球蛋白;抗体;细胞因子(例如,淋巴因子、单核因子、趋化因子);凝血因子;造血因子;白细胞介素(IL-2、IL-3、IL-4、IL-6);干扰素(β-IFN、α-IFN和γ-IFN);促红细胞生成素;核酸酶;肿瘤坏死因子;集落刺激因子(例如,GCSF、GM-CSF、MCSF);胰岛素;抗肿瘤剂和肿瘤抑制剂;血蛋白质;促性腺激素(例如,FSH、LH、CG等);激素和激素类似物(例如,生长激素);疫苗(例如,肿瘤、细菌和病毒抗原);生长抑素;抗原;血液凝固因子;生长因子(例如,神经生长因子、胰岛素样生长因子);蛋白质抑制剂;蛋白质拮抗剂;蛋白质激动剂;核酸,例如反义分子、DNA和RNA;寡核苷酸以及核糖核酸酶。
如图2C中所示,药拭440的底端/远端表面444可以包括作为组织固定装置与外围组织之间的屏障层的抗粘涂层以防止粘附的形成,以及可以对药拭440的顶面446表面处理以促进与组织的粘附。在实施方式中,顶面446可以包括含有用于药拭440与组织之间固定的组织反应性官能团的涂层,所述反应性官能团用于通过与存在于组织中的反应性基团(例如伯胺基、仲胺基、羟基、羧酸基、磺酸基以及它们的组合等)交联来固定药拭440至组织。所述基团包括对于组织具有亲和力的化学作用的化合物。
图2D和2E示出包括具有附着到组织的机械装置的药拭的远端部分。该药拭可以包括机械倒刺、夹具、弯钩或暗针以实现或提高与组织的粘合性。如图2D所示,药拭540可以包括机械暗针550,机械暗针550包括朝向锋利尖端554逐渐变细的基部552。基部552包括大于尖端554的直径用于增强组织固定。如图2E所示,药拭640可以包括机械暗针650,每个机械暗针包括具有锋利的或尖锐的尖端654的臂652以刺入和握紧组织。
图3A-3C示出用本公开的组织固定装置将疝网状物“M”固定到组织的示例性方法。应该理解的是,本公开描述的实施方式通常可以以类似的方式插入组织并定位。以下描述的插入方法可以应用于本公开所描述的其它实施方式中。如图3A所示,使用伸长主体110将组织固定装置100a递送到外科手术部位并定位,近端部分120延伸穿过组织“T”,远端部分330紧靠疝网状物“M”。可以使用常规的缝合装置(例如Endo CloseTMSingle Use SuturingDevice,购自Covidien公司)将组织固定装置100a递送到外科手术部位。例如,组织固定装置100a可以经由Endo CloseTM装置的管心针部分钩住,并牵引进入装置的套管内。然后EndoCloseTM装置可以插入穿过组织并在筋膜下释放,而不需要所述组织固定装置的近端部分上的锋利穿刺尖端。
如图3B所示,在组织固定装置100a递送穿过组织“T”之后,临床医生可以在组织固定装置100a的近端部分120向上拉,使得远端部分330压在疝网状物“M”和组织“T”上。位于组织固定装置300的远端部分330的倒刺334附着到疝网状物“M”和/或组织“T”,将远端部分330固定在其上。然后临床医生可以切断的近端部分120或伸长主体110的一部分(例如沿着切割线的“C”),从而允许组织固定装置100a保持疝网状物“M”相对于组织“T”而不需要像常规装置所要求的那样用缝合线结压迫组织“T”。在实施方式中,近端部分120可以由可生物降解的材料形成,远端部分330可以由不可降解材料形成,以在保持疝网状“M”的固定完整性的同时通过限制组织内的组织固定装置的质量,以有助于患者的舒适度。
组织固定装置的环使用时在远端部分可以选择性地或附加地包括直径减小的部分以负责弯矩。例如,如图4所示,组织固定装置100b包括远端部分130a,其中环132a在其表面包括凹口136以增强环的灵活性和/或优先地弯曲或折叠环。
现在参考图5A和5B,根据本公开的组织固定装置的环的尺寸可以调节。组织固定装置700基本上类似于组织固定装置100,因此将仅就它们之间相关的差异进行描述。组织固定装置700包括沿伸长主体710可滑动地布置的远端部分730,所述远端部分730配置成为环732,其中终远端端部732c与伸长主体710的末端端部连接,并且第一区段732a和第二区段732b在近端端部接合以形成沿伸长主体710可移动的独立的环735。环732配置为从如图5A所示的其中环展开的第一位置和如图5B所示的其中环压缩的第二位置移动。因此,一旦放置在组织中,当临床医生在组织固定装置700上拉起时,环735沿伸长主体710向下滑动,进入图5B的压缩结构。
本公开的组织固定装置的伸长主体可以以多种结构提供。伸长主体可以包括具有例如倒刺和/或与图1的单细丝结构不同的复细丝的区段等结构的主体部分。主体部分可以沿伸长主体的整个长度或部分延伸。例如,如图6A所示,伸长主体210a可以包括主体部分211a,所述主体部分211a包括沿其整个长度延伸的倒刺212a,以有助于在组织内固定组织固定装置。如图6B所示,在一些实施方式中,包括倒刺212b的主体部分211b可以设置在一部分的伸长主体210b上。如图6C所示,在其他实施方式中,包括倒刺212c的主体部分211c可以沿伸长主体210c的长度以一定间隔设置。如上所述相对于组织固定装置的远端部分的倒刺,伸长主体210的倒刺212也可以以任何图案、任何倒刺结构(例如,单个或复合)设置在其上。
图6D-6K说明可以并入本公开的伸长主体的其他主体部分的示例性实施方式。如图6D所示,例如,主体部分311a可以包括沿着其大部分长度相对彼此基本上分离并间隔开的具有倒刺和没有倒刺的细丝314的组合,仅在相对的主体部分311a的末端端部定位的预定点316处结合。细丝314可以键合、焊接、熔合、打结、编织、扭曲、缠绕或以其他方式在预定点316处接合。图6E与图6D不同之处在于图6E中伸长主体310b的所有细丝314都包括倒刺312。
可替代地,如图6F-6K所示,细丝可以沿着主体部分的长度混合。图6F示出了包括多条细丝414的主体部分411a,每个细丝414包括编织结构的倒刺412。图6G示出了包括多条细丝414的主体部分411b,所述细丝414沿着主体部分411b的长度与至少一条其它细丝在预定点416相交。如图所示,所有的细丝414在沿着主体部分411b的长度基本上均匀地间隔开的预定点416处相交。在其它实施方式中,预定点可以沿主体部分的长度不均匀地间隔开。如图6H所示,例如,预定点416之间的不同的间隔可以以沿主体部分411c的长度以逐渐变小的或不同形状设置在主体部分411c上。
图6I示出了包括多条细丝514的主体部分511a,所述细丝514包括中心细丝514a和至少一条外侧细丝514b。外侧细丝514b与中心细丝514a在沿中心细丝514a上的预定点516处接合,例如通过将中心细丝514a和外侧细丝514b融合在一起。中心细丝514a没有倒刺,外侧细丝514b包括倒刺512。在实施方式中,中心细丝514a可以由不可吸收的材料形成,外侧细丝514b可以由可吸收材料形成。在一些实施方式中,所述中心细丝514a可以具有比外侧细丝514b更大的直径。在其他实施方式中,如图6J中所示,主体部分511b的形状可以通过改变设置在预定点516之间的外侧细丝514b的长度而改变。
图6K示出了包括中心细丝614a和围绕中心细丝614a缠绕的外侧细丝614b的伸长主体610。如图所示,中心细丝614a没有倒刺,外侧细丝614b包括倒刺612,但是,可以预想,能够使用任何具有倒刺的/没有倒刺结构的细丝。应该理解的是,主体部分可以包括任意数量的以各种结构聚集的具有倒刺和/或没有倒刺的细丝。细丝可以全部由相同或不同的材料制造,以及具有相同的或不同的横截面直径或尺寸。
再次参考图1,近端部分120作为以不锋利尖端122终止的纵向延伸的部分示出。如图7A中所示,组织固定装置的近端部分也可以以多种具有钝的尖端的其他结构设置。如图7A所示,近端部分220可以形成环222。如图7B所示,近端部分320可以在盖状物324终止。所述盖状物可以由以上所述的任何聚合物材料和/或金属材料形成,在所述伸长主体由多条细丝形成的实施方式中,所述盖状物可以用于在其终端端部聚集细丝并将其卷曲在一起。
在实施方式中,所述盖状物可以由磁性材料(例如参照远端部分的药拭的以上所述的材料)形成。
在实施方式中,所述盖状物可以包括标记(例如形状、符号、数字、文字以及其他标记),以用于识别组织固定装置的近端部分。图7D示出了包括盖状物524的近端部分520,所述盖状物包括标记526。所述标记可以是任何形状和尺寸,以在组织固定装置的近端部分上提供明显区别的标记或图案。在具体实施方式中,可以通过利用可以在可见光、红外线、紫外线和/或通过其他波长的光下可视的墨水施加标记。在一些实施方式中,可以使用染料。染料包括但不限于,炭黑、骨炭、FD&C Blue#1、FD&C Blue#2、FD&C Blue#3、FD&C Blue#6、FD&C Green#6,FD&C Violet#2、亚甲基蓝、吲哚花青绿、其他有色染料以及它们的组合。可以设想,也可使用可视化试剂,例如荧光化合物(例如,荧光素或曙红)、X射线造影剂(例如,碘化合物)、超声造影剂和MRI造影剂(例如,含钆化合物)。可以使用本领域技术人员能力范围内的各种涂敷器施加标记,例如包括注射器、滴管、标记器或笔状涂敷器、刷子、海绵、补片、它们的组合等。
图7E示出了包括盖状物624的近端部分620,所述盖状物624具有由其邻近地延伸的环622。如上所述,相对于使用如上所述的组织固定装置的示例性方法时,环622可以用于帮助临床医生拉动组织固定装置穿过组织。
本领域技术人员会理解,本公开中所具体描述并在附图中示出的装置和方法,都是非限制性的示例性实施方式。可以预想到的是与一个示例性实施方式相关所示出或描述的元素和特征可以在不脱离本公开范围的情况下与另一个的元素和特征相结合。再者,本领域技术人员会基于上述实施方式意识到所公开的装置和方法的进一步的特征和优点。因此,对于本领域技术人员来说,仅仅使用不超过常规实验即可以产生本发明的进一步的修改和等效物,并且所有这样的修改和等效物被认为是在由下列权利要求所限定的本公开的实质和范围内。
Claims (17)
1.一种组织固定装置,所述装置包括:包括钝的尖端的近端部分;在所述近端部分与远端部分之间延伸的伸长主体;以及包括具有倒刺的环的远端部分,
其中,所述近端部分包括盖状物,
其中,所述伸长主体包括多条细丝。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述近端部分没有倒刺。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述近端部分包括环。
4.根据权利要求3所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述近端部分的环没有倒刺。
5.根据权利要求1所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述盖状物是有磁性的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的组织固定装置,其中,环由所述盖状物的近端端部延伸。
7.根据权利要求1所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述远端部分包括药拭。
8.根据权利要求7所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述药拭包括近的表面和远的表面,所述近的表面包括由其邻近地延伸的至少一个暗针。
9.根据权利要求7所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述药拭置于具有倒刺的环的最远端端部。
10.根据权利要求7所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述药拭包括至少一对间隔开口,以及具有倒刺的环穿过所述开口束紧。
11.根据权利要求1所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述具有倒刺的环配置为从具有倒刺的环打开的第一位置和具有倒刺的环闭合的第二位置移动。
12.根据权利要求11所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述具有倒刺的环包括与伸长主体固定的远端部分,以及限定了能够沿伸长主体移动的非固定环的近端部分。
13.根据权利要求1所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述伸长主体包括倒刺。
14.根据权利要求1所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述的多条细丝为扭曲、编织、交织和纠缠的细丝。
15.根据权利要求1所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述伸长主体包括限定中心轴的中心细丝,以及在沿中心轴预定位点上固定到中心细丝上的至少一条具有倒刺的细丝。
16.根据权利要求15所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述的至少一条细丝在所述中心细丝周围扭曲。
17.根据权利要求1所述的组织固定装置,其中,所述环的终远端端部没有倒刺。
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