CN106954756A - A kind of broiler fodder for adding fermentation hybridization paper mulberry powder and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a broiler feed added with fermented hybrid mulberry powder and its application. The broiler feed contains 10-20% fermented mulberry powder; the fermented mulberry powder is made by the following steps: When the height reaches 1-1.2m, cut down the stems at the end leaves, and let them air in a cool place for 2 days, crush the fresh leaves and stems, grind the leaves and stems to the size of rice grains, and pour them into the tree powder Microorganisms were inoculated in the medium, and carbon sources and inorganic salts were added, packed and compacted, stored in sealed plastic film bags, and fermented and cultured at room temperature for 5 to 8 days. The paper paper tree is preferably a hybrid paper paper tree. The fermented hybrid tree powder contained in the broiler feed of the present invention has dual functions of nutrition and pharmacological activity, and its digestion and absorption rate is high, which can meet the nutritional needs of broiler growth, greatly improve the quality of chicken and the flavor of meat products, and contribute to the promotion of my country's It is of great significance to promote the promotion and efficient development of the poverty alleviation industry and realize the healthy breeding of broilers.

Description

A broiler feed added with fermented hybrid mulberry powder and its application

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of breeding feed, and in particular relates to a broiler feed, in particular to a broiler feed added with fermented hybrid mulberry powder and its application.

Background technique

The broiler industry is an important part of my country's animal husbandry. With the continuous development of more than 30 years after the reform and opening up, my country has become the second largest chicken production and consumption country in the world. While my country's broiler breeding is developing in a highly large-scale and intensive manner, the breeding method of concentration, intensive and excessive pursuit of growth speed my country's broiler chicken breeding industry has repeatedly faced the invasion of epidemic diseases, the flavor of chicken meat has declined, serious food safety hazards, and the consumption of breeding feed is huge, causing my country's feed grain to remain high, food supply is tight, and import dependence is serious.

Faced with various difficulties in the broiler industry and the growing call for anti-antibiotics in the breeding industry, many farmers began to seek new ways out. Improving the quality of livestock and poultry meat, improving the disease resistance of livestock and poultry, and producing high-end, green and safe meat products have become new. breeding goals. The application of functional feed is an important way to improve the immunity of livestock and poultry and increase the flavor of meat. At present, functional feeds such as enzyme preparations, active peptides, and Chinese herbal medicines have been extensively studied in livestock and poultry breeding. Among them, Moraceae Plant hybrid mulberry has many functions such as high yield, high nutrition, and high activity. While playing a functional role, it also solves the problem of tight supply of feed raw materials.

The hybrids Zhongke No. 1 and Zhongke No. 2 are fast-growing high-protein varieties bred by the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. They have strong adaptability, resistance to drought, cold and humidity, and strong root systems. They can be used in hills, river beaches, wasteland, Both barren hills and corners can be planted; it can be harvested 4-5 times a year, yielding 10-13 tons of fresh branches and leaves per mu, that is, about 2.5-3 tons of dry matter, and 300-450 kg of plant protein per mu of arable land, which is equivalent to planting soybeans. 3 times, 8 times that of planting corn; and the nutrition of the hybrid tree is balanced, the plant is rich in nutrients such as amino acids, vitamins, carbohydrates, trace elements, and physiologically active substances such as natural flavonoids, and has certain pharmacological activities. Functional feed resources, which can improve animal health and increase meat flavor in livestock and poultry aquaculture. Since 2015, the State Council listed the Poverty Alleviation Project of Structurium Tree as one of the top ten targeted poverty alleviation projects in the country, and the promotion and planting of hybrid Structural Trees have been widely carried out across the country, which has become an important strategic measure to get rid of poverty and become rich in my country's economically lagging areas.

Hybrid mulberry has high yield, high protein content and contains a variety of biologically active components, which is a high-quality feed crop that meets the current needs of broiler breeding in my country. However, hybrid mulberry is used for broiler breeding. It is worth noting that although it is rich in nutrients, the protein molecular weight of hybrid mulberry is large, and the digestion and absorption rate of direct feeding animals is low; hybrid mulberry contains high content of tannins and other anti-nutrients. Factors not only affect animal health, but also increase the bitterness of feed and reduce animal feed intake; in industrial production, hybrid tree branches are combined with mechanized harvesting, and the crude fiber content is high, and hard broken branches containing impurities reduce palatability. And there is a hidden danger of damaging the gastrointestinal tract of animals.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the current problems in my country's broiler farming industry, such as the decline in chicken quality and taste, feed shortage, frequent broiler disease, and serious dependence on antibiotics, as well as to overcome the large molecular weight of mulberry protein, which is difficult to absorb, and the bitter taste of tannin that it contains affects health. Crude fiber The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a broiler feed added with fermented mulberry powder, which has balanced nutrition, good quality, no peculiar smell, acid taste, good food attractant, easy digestion and absorption of protein, disease resistance and growth promotion The effect is good, and the effect is remarkable in improving the flavor of broiler meat products.

Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above broiler feed in broiler breeding.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A feed for broilers, containing 10-20% fermented mulberry powder; the percentage is the percentage of raw materials in the total mass of feed for broilers;

The fermented tree powder is made by the following steps: when the stems of the tree are 1-1.2m high, the stems are cut down at the end leaves, and after airing in a cool place for 2 days, the fresh leaves and stems are crushed 1. Grind the leaves and stems of the mulberry tree into the size of rice grains, inoculate microorganisms into the mulberry tree powder, add carbon sources and inorganic salts, pack and store in sealed plastic film bags, and ferment and cultivate at room temperature for 5 to 8 days;

The paper paper includes hybrid paper paper and wild paper paper, but the hybrid paper paper has higher protein content, good resistance, can be widely planted, grows fast, and has a high yield per mu, so the hybrid paper paper is preferably used;

The microorganism is preferably a mixed bacterial solution of Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus and yeast, and the inoculum amount accounts for 4-6% of the total mass of mulberry powder;

In the mixed bacteria solution, the concentration of each bacteria is preferably 1×10 ⁸ -1×10 ¹⁰ CFU/ml;

The preferred carbon source is molasses, and its addition accounts for 1 to 3% of the total mass of mulberry powder;

The inorganic salts are preferably (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ and KH ₂ PO ₄ , and their addition amounts account for 0.1-0.5% and 0.05-0.1% of the total mass of mulberry powder, respectively.

The above-mentioned fermentation and cultivation process is solid step-by-step fermentation. The microbial strains are fermented in the order of aerobic, facultative aerobic and anaerobic. 3 to 8 days, until the fermentation and cultivation are completed, and there is no need to adjust the pH value of the fermentation material during this period.

In the above steps, after the mulberry powder is treated by microorganisms, biological macromolecules such as protein and crude fiber are effectively degraded, and the obtained components such as polypeptides and soluble sugars are easier to digest and absorb; anti-nutritional factors such as tannins and plant lectins Under the action of microorganisms, most of them are effectively transformed, lose the anti-nutritional effect, and improve the nutritional value of the hybrid tree powder; the fermented hybrid tree powder eliminates the bitterness and greenness, the stems soften, and the sour aroma is strong , the food-attracting effect is good; the fermented product contains a large number of beneficial bacteria, in addition to increasing the protein content of the bacteria, it can also effectively improve the immunity of broilers, effectively reduce the occurrence of diseases, improve the food safety of chicken, and improve the breeding efficiency and income .

Preferably, the above-mentioned broiler feed consists of the following raw materials in mass percentage:

Fermented tree powder 10-20%, soybean meal 15-25%, corn 40-60%, bran 5-10%, stone powder 0.6-1.2%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.0-1.5%, soybean oil 2-4%, salt 0.2 -0.4%, L-lysine hydrochloride 0.1-0.4%, DL-methionine 0.1-0.4%, premix 1-2%;

Further preferably, the above-mentioned broiler feed consists of the following raw materials in mass percentage:

Fermented mulberry powder 15%, soybean meal 18.3%, corn 55%, bran 5%, stone powder 1%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1%, soybean oil 3%, salt 0.3%, L-lysine hydrochloride 0.2%, DL- Methionine 0.2%, premix 1%;

The above broiler feed can be produced according to the conventional chicken pellet feed processing method in the art. The production cost is low, the production process is simple and reliable, and it is very suitable for large-scale production.

The above-mentioned broiler feed is fed manually or mechanically. The feed has balanced nutrition, high feed intake, good digestion and absorption rate, and significantly improves the breeding efficiency.

The broiler feed of the invention can be applied in the field of broiler breeding.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

(1) hybrid mulberry is also called protein mulberry, except that it is rich in nutrients, it also has pharmacological activities such as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, heat-clearing and detoxifying similar to mulberry. The present invention ferments the hybrid mulberry, which obviously increases its nutritional value and Functional activity, and apply it in broiler chicken breeding, its rich nutritional components, pharmacological active substances, tree feed characteristics, etc. can meet the nutritional needs of broiler growth, enhance the body's disease resistance, improve the flavor of chicken meat, and produce more Safe and high-quality meat products in line with modern consumption concepts.

(2) The present invention carries out the fermentation treatment of the hybrid mulberry tree, not only can effectively degrade biological macromolecules such as protein and crude fiber in the hybrid mulberry tree, improve the digestion and absorption rate of nutrients, and in the fermentation process, also produce antibacterial Active active peptides, active polysaccharides, and retain a large number of beneficial live bacteria, which can improve the immunity of broilers.

(3) After the hybrid tree of the present invention is fermented by microorganisms, anti-nutritional factors such as tannins and plant lectins are eliminated, and the thick and hard branches and stems become soft and palatable after fermentation, and the original green and bitter taste of the hybrid tree is eliminated. It also transforms into a strong fermented sour aroma, and the hybrid mulberry tree after fermentation has no toxic and side effects, good feed intake, and high digestion and absorption rate.

(4) The present invention utilizes fermented hybrid tree to research and develop broiler feed, which is carried out in response to the national policy of precise poverty alleviation and the purpose of producing safe and high-quality livestock and poultry meat products. It has multiple social, economic and ecological benefits, and is suitable for development and application. Broad prospects.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example 1

A broiler feed added with fermented hybrid mulberry powder, made of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 15% fermented mulberry powder, 18.3% soybean meal, 55% corn, 5% bran, 1% stone powder, 1% calcium hydrogen phosphate, Soybean oil 3%, salt 0.3%, L-lysine hydrochloride 0.2%, DL-methionine 0.2%, premix 1%;

The premix was purchased from Guangdong Xinnandu Feed Technology Co., Ltd.

The fermented hybrid tree powder is made by the following steps: when the height of the hybrid tree stems reaches 1-1.2m, cut down the stems at the end leaves, and after airing in a cool place for 2 days, fresh leaves and stems The stalks are pulverized by a refiner, and the leaves and stems of the mulberry tree are ground into rice grains. Microorganisms are inoculated into the mulberry tree powder, and carbon sources and inorganic salts are added. Packed and compacted, stored in sealed plastic film bags, and fermented at room temperature Cultivate for 5-8 days;

The microorganism is a mixed bacterial solution containing Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus and yeast, and the inoculum amount of the microorganism accounts for 4% of the total mass of the hybrid mulberry powder.

The concentration of each bacterium in the mixed bacterium solution was 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL.

The carbon source is molasses, and its addition accounts for 1% of the total mass of the hybrid mulberry powder.

The inorganic salts are (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ and KH ₂ PO ₄ , and their added amounts respectively account for 0.1-0.5% and 0.05-0.1% of the total mass of the hybrid tree powder.

The preparation method of the broiler feed added with fermented hybrid mulberry powder is as follows: take each raw material according to the above mass ratio, and follow the conventional broiler pellet feed processing method in the field.

Example 2

Experimental design: the test is divided into two groups: control group and test group. Control group: feed a certain brand "Zhongda Broiler Feed" sold on the market, test group: feed the broiler feed added with fermented hybrid tree powder in Example 1, A total of 80 81-day-old Lingnan Yellow Chicken No. III bearded hens were selected for the experiment, and they were divided into two groups according to the principle of similar initial body weight. Each group had 4 replicates, each replicated 10 chickens, and each group had a total of 40 chickens.

Test material: the broiler feed of adding fermented hybrid mulberry powder in embodiment 1;

Experimental animals: Lingnan Yellow Chicken No. III bearded hen, 81 days old, provided by Kaiping Jinjiwang Poultry Co., Ltd. (80 in total).

Test site: Guangzhou Huadu Baosangyuan New Ecological Agriculture Demonstration Base Animal Test Base, a total of 2 (×4) = 8 columns of test chicken houses are required.

Test method: Wash and disinfect the chicken coop before the test, and let it dry and ventilate for 3 days. From the age of 81 days, the chickens were fed and pre-feeding began. The pre-test period was 3 days, and the formal test began at the age of 84 days. The trial period was 63 days and ended at the age of 147 days. During the test period, the test chickens were under conventional management, and they had free access to food and water. The amount of feed and the amount of remaining feed were recorded every day, and the feed intake and health status of the test chickens were observed every day. On the day of the beginning and end of the experiment, the chickens were weighed on an empty stomach at 8 o'clock in the morning in repetition units, and the feed intake of the whole period was counted; and then 2 chickens were selected from each repetition, that is, 8 chickens in each group, and the meat quality was measured.

Test time: September 12-October 16, 2016

Test results: see Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3.

It can be seen from Table 1 that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of broilers in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the weight gain ratio of feed consumption was lower, but the difference was not significant (p≤0.05). The results showed that the addition of fermented hybrid mulberry powder in broiler diets had a certain effect on the growth performance of broilers.

Table 1 Effect of fermented hybrid mulberry feed on growth performance of broiler chickens

It can be seen from Table 2 that the protein and ash contents in the muscles of the broilers in the control group were higher than those in the control group, while the fat and water contents in the muscles were lower by 46.7% and 2.5% respectively than those in the control group. Broilers fed with tree powder have higher nutritional value and greatly reduced fat content, which is more in line with the requirements of high-quality and healthy meat products.

Table 2 Effect of fermented hybrid mulberry feed on nutritional components of broiler muscle

It can be seen from Table 3 that the addition of fermented hybrid mulberry powder in the feed has a certain impact on the ratio of amino acids in chicken, and the sum of 18 kinds of amino acids increases; Respectively increased by 4.5%, 47.7%. The results showed that the flavor of chicken meat was greatly improved by adding fermented hybrid mulberry powder to the feed.

Table 3 Effect of fermented hybrid mulberry feed on amino acid composition and flavor substance content of broiler muscle

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A feed for broilers, characterized in that it contains 10% to 20% fermented mulberry powder; the percentage is the percentage of raw materials that account for the total mass of feed for broilers; The fermented tree powder is made by the following steps: when the stems of the tree are 1-1.2m high, the stems are cut down at the end leaves, and after airing in a cool place for 2 days, the fresh leaves and stems are crushed 1. Grind the leaves and stems of the mulberry tree into the size of rice grains, inoculate microorganisms into the mulberry tree powder, add carbon sources and inorganic salts, pack and store in sealed plastic film bags, and ferment and cultivate at room temperature for 5 to 8 days; The paper paper includes hybrid paper paper and wild paper paper. 2. The broiler feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the paper paper is a hybrid paper paper. 3. The broiler feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microorganism is a mixed bacterial solution of Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus and yeast, and the inoculum amount accounts for 4 to 6 percent of the total mass of mulberry powder. %. 4. The broiler feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the mixed bacterial solution, the concentration of each bacteria is 1×10 ⁸ -1×10 ¹⁰ CFU/ml. 5 . The broiler feed according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the carbon source is molasses, and its added amount accounts for 1-3% of the total mass of mulberry powder. 6. The feed for broilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inorganic salts are (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ and KH ₂ PO ₄ , and their addition amounts account for 0.1-0.5% of the total mass of mulberry powder , 0.05-0.1%. 7. The broiler feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: Fermented tree powder 10-20%, soybean meal 15-25%, corn 40-60%, bran 5-10%, stone powder 0.6-1.2%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1-1.5%, soybean oil 2-4%, salt 0.2 -0.4%, L-lysine hydrochloride 0.1-0.4%, DL-methionine 0.1-0.4%, premix 1-2%. 8. The broiler feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: Fermented mulberry powder 15%, soybean meal 18.3%, corn 55%, bran 5%, stone powder 1%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1%, soybean oil 3%, salt 0.3%, L-lysine hydrochloride 0.2%, DL- Methionine 0.2%, Premix 1%. 9. The application of the broiler feed described in any one of claims 1-8 in broiler breeding.