CN106950889A - A kind of natural electric field wireless senser and automatically descend pollution monitor system - Google Patents

Abstract

A natural electric field wireless sensor and automatic underground pollution monitoring system of the present invention, wherein the natural electric field wireless sensor includes a microprocessor, a signal input module, a power supply module, a wireless communication module and an optional satellite positioning module. A natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention connects the battery module with the DC-DC conversion unit through the optocoupler switch, and connects the microprocessor with the optocoupler switch, so as to use the microprocessor to control the on-off of the optocoupler switch to change The battery module supplies power to the signal input module. When in use, when it is in monitoring, the microprocessor controls the optocoupler switch to connect to provide working voltage for the DC-DC conversion unit. When the natural electric field wireless sensor is in the standby state, the microprocessor Control the disconnection of the optocoupler switch to cut off the voltage provided by the battery module to the signal input module, so that it is in an energy-saving mode, thereby reducing system energy consumption and improving its standby time, which is suitable for long-term monitoring in the field.

Description

A wireless sensor for natural electric field and automatic underground pollution monitoring system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of geomagnetic field characteristic measurement, and more specifically, to a natural electric field wireless sensor and an automatic underground pollution monitoring system.

Background technique

In recent years, with the development of the economy and the improvement of people's living standards, people pay more and more attention to the living environment, and soil and groundwater, as the basis of various biomass, have also become the objects of people's attention.

However, due to the invisibility and hysteresis of shallow surface pollution such as soil and groundwater, as well as the cumulative effect and long-term residual influence, it is very difficult to control. Therefore, immediate detection and immediate control of the spread of pollution sources is the key to protect soil and groundwater from pollution or less pollution. Positive approach to contamination. At present, the ways to obtain soil and groundwater pollution information mainly include traditional borehole testing, regular sampling and analysis, and geophysical methods that are getting more and more attention. Among many geophysical methods, the natural electric field method is a passive source method that does not require a field source, and is quite sensitive to a variety of seepage movements, redox, and microbial activities associated with pollution diffusion, and it has been used in field observations. It has the advantages of fast and convenient, high efficiency and low cost, so it is widely used in the long-term monitoring of underground pollutants.

However, conventional electrical prospecting instruments, such as direct current instruments, are generally used in the observation of existing natural electric fields. Most of these instruments integrate the functions of multiple geophysical exploration methods, rather than being specially designed for natural electric field observations. The equipment costs are high and relatively cumbersome. And because the traditional single-station exploration instruments cannot communicate with each other, it is necessary to conduct survey point by point, the monitoring time cost is high, the labor intensity is high, and it is difficult to realize large-scale and multi-scale monitoring of the polluted areas that need to be monitored. points observed at the same time. On the other hand, because the circuits in the above-mentioned equipment, such as signal input modules, microprocessors, etc., still need the power supply module to provide voltage even if they are not in the working state, resulting in a large amount of power consumption, which requires frequent battery replacement, making it uncomfortable For long-term field monitoring operations.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a natural electric field wireless sensor with low energy consumption, long service life and suitable for large-scale distributed simultaneous multi-point monitoring of polluted areas, to solve the above-mentioned existing natural electric field monitoring equipment with high cost, high energy consumption and inability to perform simultaneous Technical issues of multi-point monitoring.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a natural electric field wireless sensor is provided, including a microprocessor, a signal input module, a power supply module and a wireless communication module, and the signal input module is electrically connected to the microprocessor through an analog-to-digital conversion unit , the wireless communication module is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and the power module includes a battery module, a voltage stabilizing module, an optocoupler switch and a DC-DC conversion unit electrically connected in sequence, and the output of the voltage stabilizing module The terminal is electrically connected with the microprocessor and the wireless communication module to provide working voltage, and the cathode of the optocoupler switch is electrically connected with the microprocessor to control the connection or disconnection of the signal input module, The output end of the DC-DC conversion unit is electrically connected to the signal input module to supply power thereto.

Preferably, on the basis of the above scheme, the signal input module includes an impedance matching module and a fixed gain amplification module, and the output end of the impedance matching module is electrically connected to the microprocessor through the fixed gain amplification module to realize a common mode Interference suppression and fixed gain amplification.

Preferably on the basis of the above scheme, the impedance matching module includes an operational amplifier, a variable resistor and a first fixed resistor, the input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the ground through the variable resistor, and the adjustable terminal of the variable resistor It is connected with the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected with the output terminal of the operational amplifier through the first fixed resistor.

Preferably on the basis of the above scheme, the fixed gain amplification module includes an integrated amplifier, a second variable resistor and a second fixed resistor, the non-inverting input of the integrated amplifier is connected to the output of the operational amplifier, and the integrated The reverse input terminal of the amplifier is connected to the ground through the second fixed resistor, and the two Rg terminals of the integrated amplifier are connected through the second variable resistor, and the output terminal of the integrated amplifier is connected with the microprocessor.

On the basis of the above solution, preferably, the battery module includes a silicon photovoltaic cell group and a lithium battery group, and the silicon photovoltaic cell group is connected in parallel with the lithium battery group.

Preferably on the basis of the above solution, the voltage stabilizing module includes a low dropout voltage regulator connected in series with the battery module.

Preferably on the basis of the above scheme, the anode of the optocoupler switch is connected to the output terminal of the low dropout voltage regulator through a third fixed resistor, and the collector of the optocoupler switch is connected to the output terminal of the low dropout voltage regulator The output terminals are connected; the cathode of the photocoupler switch is connected with the microprocessor, and the emitter of the photocoupler switch is connected with the DC-DC conversion module.

Preferably on the basis of the above solution, the DC-DC conversion module includes a DC booster and a voltage converter, the DC booster is electrically connected to the optocoupler switch, and the output terminal of the DC booster is connected to the The voltage converter is connected.

On the basis of the above solution, it is preferable to further include a satellite positioning module electrically connected to the microprocessor, and the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing module is electrically connected to the satellite positioning module.

On the basis of the above solution, it is preferable to further include a memory electrically connected to the microprocessor.

The present invention also provides an automatic underground pollution monitoring system, which includes a control host and several natural electric field wireless sensors as described above. The natural electric field wireless sensors are respectively arranged at different positions in the area to be monitored, and The electric field wireless sensor is connected with the control host in wireless communication.

A natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention connects the battery module with the DC-DC conversion unit through the optocoupler switch, and connects the microprocessor with the optocoupler switch, so as to use the microprocessor to control the on-off of the optocoupler switch, To change the power supply status of the battery module for the signal input module, when in use, the microprocessor can control the optocoupler switch to provide working voltage for the DC-DC conversion unit according to the current state, such as when it is in monitoring When the electric field wireless sensor is in the standby state, the microprocessor controls the optocoupler switch to be disconnected to cut off the voltage provided by the battery module to the signal input module, so that it is in an energy-saving mode, thereby reducing system energy consumption and increasing its standby time, suitable for Long-term monitoring in the field. The satellite positioning module and the wireless communication module can also be turned on and off according to the working conditions through micro-processing, further reducing the energy consumption of the system.

Another object of the present invention is that the signal input module of the present invention is composed of an impedance matching module and a fixed gain amplification module, and the impedance matching module will make the collected data signal output with the maximum power, and at the same time cooperate with the fixed gain amplification The module performs gain amplification on the collected data signals after common-mode interference suppression processing, so as to ensure that the collected weak data signals can be transmitted accurately and ensure the accuracy of the collected data.

Further, the present invention adopts a satellite positioning module and a wireless communication module, and the satellite positioning module can accurately know the current monitoring position of the natural electric field wireless sensor, and cooperates with the wireless communication module to realize the communication between the natural electric field wireless sensor and the control room. information interaction, so that a plurality of different natural wireless sensors of the present invention can be arranged at different points in the pollution area to be monitored, and information interaction control can be carried out between the control room and the wireless communication modules of different natural wireless sensors to obtain the pollution to be monitored at the same time The data information of soil or groundwater at different points in the region can realize multi-point simultaneous data collection, reduce monitoring labor intensity, realize real-time monitoring, and use more conveniently and quickly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the power module of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of signal input module of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the connection diagram of microprocessor of the present invention and satellite positioning module and wireless communication module;

Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the first working mode of the natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the second working mode of the natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural block diagram of the automatic underground pollution monitoring system of the present invention.

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Fig. 1, and in conjunction with Fig. 2 shown, the present invention provides a kind of natural electric field wireless sensor, comprises microprocessor 10, signal input module 20, power supply module 40 and wireless communication module 50, and signal input module 20 passes modulus The conversion unit 30 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 10, the wireless communication module 50 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 10, and the power supply module 40 includes a battery module 41, a voltage stabilizing module 42, an optocoupler switch 43 and The DC-DC conversion unit 44, the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing module 42 is electrically connected with the microprocessor 10 and the wireless communication module 50 to provide operating voltage for it, and the cathode of the microprocessor 10 and the optocoupler switch 43 are electrically connected to each other. connected, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion unit 44 is electrically connected to the signal input module 20 .

A natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention connects the battery module 41 with the DC-DC conversion unit 44 through the optocoupler switch 43, and connects the microprocessor 10 with the optocoupler switch 43, so that the microprocessor 10 can be used to control the light coupler switch 43 to change the battery module 41 power supply status for the signal input module 20, when in use, the microprocessor 10 can control the optocoupler switch 43 to connect according to the current state, such as when it is in monitoring Provide working voltage for DC-DC conversion unit 44, when natural electric field wireless sensor 100 is in standby state, then microprocessor 10 controls optocoupler switch 43 to disconnect, to cut off battery module 41 to provide voltage for signal input module 20, make it It is in energy-saving mode to reduce system energy consumption and increase its standby time, which is suitable for long-term monitoring in the field.

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery module 41 of the present invention includes a silicon photovoltaic battery pack 411 and a lithium battery pack 412, and the silicon photovoltaic battery pack 411 and the lithium battery pack 412 are connected in parallel to form a battery pack with an output of 3.7V, and the A diode D1 is arranged between the photovoltaic cell group 411 and the lithium battery group 412 to realize the isolation between the silicon photovoltaic cell group 411 and the lithium battery group 412, to realize the connection between the silicon photovoltaic cell and the lithium battery and to charge it, and to prevent the lithium battery from being a silicon photovoltaic cell Reverse power supply. The present invention utilizes the silicon photovoltaic cell group 411 to store solar energy, thereby further improving its long-term field working time. When in use, the silicon photovoltaic cell group 411 supplies power to the system and charges the lithium battery group 412 under the condition of light, and the lithium battery group 412 is charged in the absence of light. Under normal circumstances, the lithium battery pack 412 is used to supply power, so that the natural electric field wireless sensor 100 of the present invention can achieve the purpose of normal monitoring no matter it is cloudy or dark, so as to achieve the effect of real-time monitoring.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the voltage stabilizing module 42 of the present invention includes a low dropout voltage regulator connected in series with the battery module 41 . The low-dropout voltage regulator is preferably a precision low-dropout voltage regulator of the model ADP3338. The input terminal of the low-dropout voltage regulator is connected to the positive pole of the silicon photocell group 411, and the ground terminal of the low-dropout voltage regulator is connected to the silicon photocell group. 411 is connected to the negative pole, and the output terminal of the ground pressure drop regulator is connected to the optocoupler switch 43 . The present invention utilizes a low dropout regulator to convert the 3.7V direct current output by the battery module 41 into a stable 3.3V direct current to provide working voltage for the microprocessor 10 and the wireless communication module 50 . Preferably, the present invention also connects a capacitor C1 between the input terminal of the low dropout voltage regulator and the negative pole of the silicon photovoltaic battery group 411, and connects a capacitor C1 between the output terminal of the low dropout voltage regulator and the negative pole of the silicon photovoltaic battery group 411. Capacitor C3 is used to filter out AC coupling to further stabilize the DC voltage output.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the optocoupler switch 43 of the present invention is connected to the output terminal of the low dropout voltage regulator through the third fixed resistor R1, and the collector of the optocoupler switch 43 is connected to the output terminal of the low dropout voltage regulator. The output terminal of the optocoupler switch is connected to the output terminal; the cathode of the optocoupler switch is connected to the microprocessor 10, and the emitter of the optocoupler switch 43 is connected to the DC-DC conversion module. It should be noted that the optocoupler switch 43 involved in the present invention has four pins, and its input side is a light-emitting diode, the anode of the light-emitting diode is the anode of the optocoupler switch 43, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode is the pin of the optocoupler switch 43. cathode. The output side of the optocoupler switch 43 is a phototransistor, the collector of the phototransistor is the collector of the optocoupler switch 43 , and the emitter of the phototransistor is the emitter of the optocoupler switch 43 .

When in use, the output end of the low dropout voltage regulator is electrically connected with the microprocessor 10 and the wireless communication module 50 to provide operating voltages respectively, and the cathode of the optocoupler switch 43 is connected with the control interface of the microprocessor 10, The microprocessor 10 can control the opening and closing of the optocoupler switch 43 by controlling the cathode of the optocoupler switch 43, so as to control the on-off of the DC-DC conversion module and the power supply module 40, so as to achieve the power supply module 40 to the signal input module 20 power supply control. During use, when the natural electric field wireless sensor 100 of the present invention is not in the monitoring state, the microprocessor 10 controls the cathode of the optocoupler switch 43 to be at a high level, so that the optocoupler switch 43 is in a disconnected state, and the power module is cut off. 40 is connected with the DC-DC conversion module to realize the interruption of the connection between the power supply module 40 and the signal input module 20, so as to reduce the energy consumption of the natural electric field and improve its service life; otherwise, when the natural electric field wireless sensor 100 is in the monitoring state, the microprocessor The device 10 controls the cathode of the optocoupler switch 43 to be at a low level, so that the optocoupler switch 43 is turned on, and the power supply module 40 is connected to the signal input module 20 to supply power to ensure the normal operation of the signal input module 20.

Further, the DC-DC conversion module of the present invention includes a DC booster 441 and a voltage converter 442, wherein the DC booster 441 is electrically connected to the optocoupler switch 43, and the output terminal of the DC booster 441 is connected to the voltage converter Device 442 is connected. Preferably, the model of the DC booster 441 of the present invention is TPS61032, and the model of the voltage converter 442 is LM2662. The voltage is converted into +5V and -5V power supplies to supply power to the signal input module 20 .

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention also comprises the satellite positioning module 60 that is electrically connected with microprocessor 10, utilizes satellite positioning module 60 to obtain natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention 100 position information, at the same time, the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing module 42 of the present invention is electrically connected with the satellite positioning module 60 to provide working voltage for the normal operation of the satellite positioning module 60 . It is worth noting that the satellite positioning module 60 of the present invention has its own control switch, and the satellite positioning module 60 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing module 42 through the control switch. When the natural electric field wireless sensor 100 of the present invention is not in the working state At this time, the microprocessor 10 can cut off the connection between the voltage stabilizing module 42 and the satellite positioning module 60 by controlling the control switch in the satellite positioning module 60, thereby reducing its energy consumption and improving its field work time.

It should be noted that the satellite positioning module 60 of the present invention uses a low-power multi-mode satellite navigation chip AT6558, and the microprocessor 10 uses a MSP430F449 single-chip microcomputer. The low-power multi-mode satellite navigation chip AT6558 supports China Beidou BDS, American GPS and dual-system joint satellite positioning. The peripheral circuit is simple, only the crystal oscillator and antenna impedance matching are needed, and it can be easily connected with the MSP430F449 microcontroller through the 4-wire SPI bus. In addition, the low-power multi-mode satellite navigation chip AT6558 has a special switch port ON/OFF port, which can be directly turned on and off by the MSP430F449 single-chip microcomputer, so as to achieve the access control of the output power of the voltage regulator module 42.

However, the MSP430F449 single-chip microcomputer adopted in the present invention has ultra-low power consumption and stable working performance under harsh conditions, so the working stability of the natural electric field wireless sensor 100 of the present invention can be effectively improved. Among them, the clock frequency of the MSP430F449 single-chip microcomputer is 8M, the word length is 16 bits, and the 16-bit simplified instruction set is used. The chip contains two 16-bit timing controllers. Therefore, the MSP430F449 single-chip microcomputer can fully meet the processing and control functions required by the sensor node. . The MSP430F449 single-chip microcomputer of the present invention is integrated with 60KFlash memory and 2KRAM memory, which can satisfy the program and data storage functions of sensor nodes without external expansion. In particular, it also integrates multiple fast 12-bit ADCs on-chip, which can realize AD conversion of natural electric field signals without additional configuration of AD devices. The on-chip ADC obtains the natural electric field analog signal input through the signal input module 20 from the A0 port, and completes AD conversion under program control. The two SPI ports of the MSP430F449 single-chip microcomputer can respectively receive data from the satellite positioning module 60 and exchange data with the wireless communication module very conveniently. Please refer to FIG. 4 for the specific structure.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, please continue to refer to shown in Figure 3, the signal input module 20 of the present invention includes an impedance matching module 21 and a fixed gain amplification module 22, and the output end of the impedance matching module 21 is amplified by the fixed gain The module 22 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 10 . Because in actual monitoring, the signal obtained by the signal input module 20 is relatively weak and has a certain interference signal, if it is directly transmitted to the microprocessor 10, it will affect the accuracy of information collection, so the present invention utilizes the impedance The matching module 21 will output the collected data signal with the maximum power, and at the same time cooperate with the fixed gain amplification module 22 to carry out the gain amplification after the common mode interference suppression processing on the collected data signal, so as to ensure that the collected data signal can be The weak data signal is transmitted accurately and accurately to ensure the accuracy of the collected data.

Further, the impedance matching module 21 of the present invention includes an operational amplifier 211, a variable resistor VR1212 and a first fixed resistor R2213, the input terminal of the operational amplifier 211 is grounded through the variable resistor VR1212, and the adjustable terminal of the variable resistor VR1212 is connected to the operational The non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier 211 is connected, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 211 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 211 through a first fixed resistor R2213. The present invention utilizes the combination of the variable resistor VR1212 and the operational amplifier 211 to realize the adjustable input impedance of 1M-256M, so as to meet the actual needs.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, since the natural electric field signal generally has a small variation range, the present invention adopts a fixed gain method. Wherein, the fixed gain amplifying module 22 of the present invention comprises an integrated amplifier 221, a second variable resistor 222 and a second fixed resistor 223, the same direction input end of the integrated amplifier 221 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier 211, and the integrated amplifier 221 The inverting input terminal of the integrated amplifier 221 is connected to the ground through the second fixed resistor 223, and the two Rg terminals of the integrated amplifier 221 are connected through the second variable resistor 222, and the output terminal of the integrated amplifier 221 is connected to the microprocessor 10. The integrated amplifier 221 is used to suppress common-mode interference and perform a 5-fold gain. The natural electric field signal is transmitted to the microprocessor 10 through the signal input module 20 through the ADC analog signal input port A0 of the microprocessor 10MSP430F449.

In order to achieve localized storage of monitoring data, a wireless sensor for natural electric field of the present invention further includes a memory 80 electrically connected to the microprocessor 10 .

It should be noted that what the wireless communication module 50 adopted in the present invention adopts is the RF chip that the model is CC2420, and the operating frequency band is the 2.4GHz frequency band that is exempt from authorization, adopts direct sequence spread spectrum mode, supports 16 communication channels, adopts O- QPSK modulation method. The wireless communication module 50 has an ultra-low power consumption and a MAC layer that meets the requirements of the IEEE 802.15.4 specification, and can support automatic frame format generation, synchronous insertion and detection, CRC check, power detection, automatic MAC layer security protection, etc. The RF chip CC2420 only needs very few peripheral circuits such as crystal oscillator clock and RF input/output matching, and can be easily connected to the MSP430 microcontroller through the 4-wire SPI bus (see Figure 4) to realize data exchange and program control. Therefore, its power consumption is low, and the service time of a kind of natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention can be further improved, making it more suitable for the environment of independent automatic monitoring in the field.

Compared with conventional electrical instruments, the natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention has the advantages of low production cost, convenient large-scale arrangement, and large-scale pollution monitoring. In addition, a large number of natural electric field wireless sensors 100 can realize area natural electric field observation, and at the same time form a wireless network to ensure real-time transmission of monitoring data and improve the adaptability of field observation.

Further, an automatic underground pollution monitoring system of the present invention has two working modes, which are timing collection mode and command collection mode. Among them, the timing mode is mainly to collect data through the pre-set observation cycle (according to the monitoring requirements, such as once every 12 hours), and each natural electric field wireless sensor 100 node starts each functional module to collect data at the same time during the data collection stage. The network transmits data to the control host 80, and shuts down most of the functional modules during the collection interval to save energy. The specific process is shown in FIG. 5 . In the command collection mode, the communication modules of each node need to work all the time, waiting for the network command to open the corresponding functional modules for data collection and transmission. The specific process is shown in Figure 6. The specific working mode can be determined according to the requirements of specific monitoring tasks.

Please continue to refer to Fig. 7, the present invention also provides an automatic underground pollution monitoring system, including a control host 80 and several natural electric field wireless sensors 100 as described above, and the natural electric field wireless sensors 100 are respectively arranged in the area to be monitored different locations, and connect the natural electric field wireless sensor 100 with the control host 80 in wireless communication.

When in use, the satellite positioning module 60 of the natural electric field wireless sensor of the present invention can accurately know the current monitoring position of the natural electric field wireless sensor 100, and cooperate with the wireless communication module 50 to realize communication between the natural electric field wireless sensor 100 and the control room. Information interaction, so that a plurality of different natural wireless sensors of the present invention can be arranged at different points in the polluted area to be monitored, and information interaction control can be performed between the control room and the wireless communication module 50 of different natural wireless sensors to simultaneously obtain the pollution to be monitored The data information of soil or groundwater at different points in the region can realize multi-point simultaneous data collection, reduce monitoring labor intensity, realize real-time monitoring, and use more conveniently and quickly.

Finally, the method of the present application is only a preferred embodiment, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of natural electric field wireless senser, it is characterised in that including microprocessor, signal input module, power module and Wireless communication module, the signal input module is electrical connected by AD conversion unit with the microprocessor, described wireless Communication module is electrical connected with the microprocessor, and the power module includes battery module, the voltage stabilizing mould that order is electrically connected with Block, optical coupled switch and DC-DC converting units, the output end of the Voltage stabilizing module respectively with the microprocessor and wireless telecommunications mould Block is electrical connected, and the negative electrode of the microprocessor and the optical coupled switch is electrical connected to control the access of the signal input module Or disconnect, output end and the signal input module of the DC-DC converting units are electrical connected.

2. a kind of natural electric field wireless senser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the signal input module includes Impedance matching module and fixed gain amplification module, the output end of the impedance matching module pass through the fixed gain amplification module It is electrical connected with the microprocessor, to realize that common mode disturbances suppress and fixed gain is amplified.

3. a kind of natural electric field wireless senser as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the impedance matching module includes Operational amplifier, variable resistor and the first fixed resistance, the output end of the operational amplifier pass through the variable resistor and the earth It is connected, the adjustable end of the variable resistor is connected with the input in the same direction of the operational amplifier, and the operational amplifier Reverse input end is connected with by first fixed resistance with the output end of the operational amplifier.

4. a kind of natural electric field wireless senser as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the fixed gain amplification module Including integrated amplifier, the second adjustable resistance and the second fixed resistance, the input in the same direction of the integrated amplifier and the fortune The output end for calculating amplifier is connected, and the reverse input end of the integrated amplifier is connected by the second fixed resistance with the earth, and Two Rg ends of the integrated amplifier by the second adjustable resistance be connected, the output end of the integrated amplifier with it is described micro- Processor is connected.

5. a kind of natural electric field wireless senser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the battery module includes silicon light Battery pack and lithium battery group, described silicon photocell group are in parallel with the lithium battery group.

6. a kind of natural electric field wireless senser as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the Voltage stabilizing module includes and institute State the low-dropout regulator of battery module series connection.

7. a kind of natural electric field wireless senser as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the anode of the optical coupled switch leads to The 3rd fixed resistance is crossed with the output end of the low-dropout regulator to be connected, and the colelctor electrode of the optical coupled switch and the low pressure The output end of poor voltage-stablizer is connected；The negative electrode of the optocoupler combination switch is connected with the microprocessor, the hair of the optical coupled switch Emitter-base bandgap grading is connected with the DC-DC modular converters.

8. a kind of natural electric field wireless senser as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the DC-DC modular converters bag DC booster and electric pressure converter are included, the DC booster is electrical connected with the optical coupled switch, the DC booster Output end be connected with described electric pressure converter.

9. a kind of natural electric field wireless senser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including with the microprocessor The satellite positioning module of electric connection, the output end of the Voltage stabilizing module is electrical connected with the satellite positioning module.

10. a kind of automatically descend pollution monitor system, it is characterised in that including control main frame and several such as claims 1 Described natural electric field wireless senser, the natural electric field wireless senser is separately positioned on the different positions in region to be monitored Put, and the natural electric field wireless senser is connected with the control main frame wireless telecommunications.