CN106948197B - Cord forming control device - Google Patents
Cord forming control device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106948197B CN106948197B CN201710212863.9A CN201710212863A CN106948197B CN 106948197 B CN106948197 B CN 106948197B CN 201710212863 A CN201710212863 A CN 201710212863A CN 106948197 B CN106948197 B CN 106948197B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- shaped groove
- cord
- splayed
- shaped
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010358 mechanical oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B3/00—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material
- D07B3/005—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material with alternating twist directions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2207/00—Rope or cable making machines
- D07B2207/40—Machine components
- D07B2207/4018—Rope twisting devices
Landscapes
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cord forming control device, and relates to the field of cord forming devices. The device comprises a fixed support, a splayed wheel set, a gasket, a spacer ring, a bearing, a hole elastic retainer ring, a bolt, a nut, a first reverse wheel and a second reverse wheel. The splayed wheelset be located the fixed bolster top, the space ring be located splayed wheelset and fixed bolster in the middle of to one end links to each other with the fixed bolster, and the other end links to each other with the splayed wheelset, bearing group be located splayed wheelset inside to link to each other with the splayed wheel, the packing ring be located bearing group intermediate position, and link to each other with the bearing, the hole circlip be located bearing group and splayed wheelset intermediate position, one end links to each other with bearing group, the other end links to each other with the splayed wheelset. This device can effectually solve the straightness that causes in the steel cord production process not good, and the not good situation of bow height improves the steel cord qualification rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cord forming devices, in particular to a cord forming control device.
Background
The cord is the most widely developed product in rubber framework materials and the product with the greatest production difficulty in metal products. The definition of cords in the standard by the International Bureau of standardization for synthetic fibers is: "a structure consisting of two or more steel filaments, or a combination of strands or filaments. The cord is the most widely developed product in rubber framework materials and the product with the greatest production difficulty in metal products. The development of radial tires, which are a companion to the automotive industry and highways, has been followed. The traditional bias ply tire uses fiber as a framework material, while the novel radial ply tire uses steel cords as the framework material and can be divided into an all-steel radial ply tire and a semi-steel radial ply tire according to the structure, wherein the steel cords are used as the framework material for a belted layer and a carcass of the all-steel radial ply tire, and the steel cords are used as the framework material for the belted layer and the carcass of the semi-steel radial ply tire. Semi-steel radial tires are generally adopted for cars and light trucks, and all-steel radial tires are adopted for heavy trucks and engineering machinery vehicles. The steel cord is a thin steel strand or rope which is made of high-quality high-carbon steel, has brass plated on the surface and has special purposes. The rubber composite material is mainly used for car tires, light truck tires, heavy truck tires, engineering machinery vehicle tires, airplane tires and other rubber product framework materials.
In cord production, tension control, torsion control and stress relief of the cord play an important role in the quality of the twist. The flatness, the bow height, the curve shape and the Partial Load Elongation (PLE) of the cord thread are not qualified because of poor control of equipment, and the 2+2 structural cord thread which is opened by the current DT3G stranding machine has the condition of poor flatness.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a cord forming control device, two guide wheels are additionally arranged aiming at the original defects, and the winding method between the two guide wheels is in a shape of 8, so the guide wheel device is also called as a splayed wheel, and the problems of low percent of pass, poor bow height (namely arc height), poor straightness and the like of the produced cord can be effectively solved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a cord thread forming control device comprises a fixing support, a splayed wheel set, a washer, a spacer ring, a bearing, a hole elastic check ring, a bolt, a nut, a first reverse wheel and a second reverse wheel. The first reversing wheel is located at one end of the outer portion of the device body, the second reversing wheel is located at the other end of the outer portion of the device body, the first spool and the second spool are located inside the device body, after the outer paying-off steel wire is twisted and untwisted, the outer paying-off steel wire is free of twist pitch and is twisted greatly, in order to prevent the outer paying-off steel wire from being subjected to additional twisting and transmitted to the second reversing wheel, the outer paying-off steel wire is not affected, a splayed wheel set is additionally arranged and consists of a first wheel and a second wheel, a first V-shaped groove, a second V-shaped groove, a third V-shaped groove and a fourth V-shaped groove which are arranged in parallel are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the first wheel, elastic check rings for holes are arranged at two ends of the first wheel, bearings are arranged in the middle of the elastic check rings for holes at two ends of the first wheel and a spacer ring is arranged in the middle of the first wheel and the fixed support, and the first wheel and the spacer ring are connected with the fixed support through bolts. The second wheel is the same as the first wheel in the external part, the internal part and the connection mode, the external paying-off steel wire enters the second reverse wheel for S twisting after Z twisting at the first reverse wheel, clockwise winds to the first V-shaped groove of the second wheel through the first V-shaped groove of the first wheel, anticlockwise winds to the second V-shaped groove of the first wheel from the first V-shaped groove of the second wheel, clockwise winds to the second V-shaped groove of the second wheel from the second V-shaped groove of the first wheel, winds to the third V-shaped groove of the first wheel from the second V-shaped groove of the first wheel, clockwise winds to the third V-shaped groove of the second wheel from the third V-shaped groove of the first wheel, anticlockwise winds to the fourth V-shaped groove of the first wheel from the fourth V-shaped groove of the first wheel, winds to the fourth V-shaped groove of the second wheel from the fourth V-shaped groove of the second wheel, anticlockwise winds to the steel wire on the I-shaped wheels at the same time, namely, clockwise winds to the fourth V-shaped groove of the second wheel, and the surface of the first wheel has a twist strand, and the total twist stress of the second wheel is changed at the position where the reverse stranding device, namely the S strand has occurred.
Furthermore, the first wheel and the second wheel can freely rotate around the bolt.
Further, the distance between the nearest points of the first wheel and the second wheel is 25mm.
Furthermore, the space ring is of a telescopic structure.
Furthermore, the first V-shaped groove to the fourth V-shaped groove of the first wheel and the second wheel are positioned from top to bottom or from bottom to top.
Further, the diameters of the first wheel and the second wheel are equal.
Furthermore, the first wheel and the second wheel are both in a bilateral symmetry structure.
Furthermore, the depth of each V-shaped groove of the first wheel is equal to that of each V-shaped groove of the second wheel.
Furthermore, washers are arranged between the bearings of the first wheel and the second wheel.
Furthermore, the bolt is fixedly connected with the other end of the fixing support through a nut.
The invention has the advantages that:
in the invention, the turning directions of the first wheel and the second wheel are opposite, the height difference of the two wheels can be determined by the first wheel and the second wheel according to the actual condition of equipment, but the reasonable balance of the two guide wheels is required, so that the mechanical oscillation can be reduced, and the cord is prevented from being merged into the groove or jumping out of the guide wheels. The device has the advantages of simple use, low cost, stable operation, good control quality, and capability of limiting the transmission of torsion and ensuring that the tension and the torsion are more stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the apparatus of the present invention prior to its transformation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a modified apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the figure eight wheel assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the figure eight wheel assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the figure eight wheel assembly of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a fixed bracket, 2 is a splayed wheel set, 3 is a washer, 4 is a spacer, 5 is a bearing, 6 is a circlip for a hole, 7 is a bolt, 8 is a nut, 9 is a first reverse wheel, and 10 is a second reverse wheel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described and illustrated with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, without limiting the invention in any way.
A cord forming control device comprises a fixing support 1, a splayed wheel set 2, a washer 3, a spacer 4, a bearing 5, a circlip 6 for a hole, a bolt 7, a nut 8, a first reverse wheel 9 and a second reverse wheel 10.
First reverse wheel 9 be located the outside one end of device body, second reverse wheel 10 is located the outside other end of device body, first I-shaped wheel all be located the device body inside with the second I-shaped wheel, outside unwrapping wire steel wire twisting back of untwisting, outside unwrapping wire steel wire does not have the lay length, nevertheless twists reverse still very much, in order to prevent outside the machine that the unwrapping wire steel wire received to rotate and the additional torsion that brings transmit second reverse wheel 10, make outside unwrapping wire steel wire not influenced, so installed eight characters wheelset 2 additional.
Splayed wheelset 2 constitute by first wheel and second wheel, first wheel outer peripheral surface have first V type groove, second V type groove, third V type groove, the fourth V type groove of parallel arrangement of each other, its inside both ends all are equipped with porose circlip 6 to all be equipped with bearing 5 in the middle of the hole circlip 6 at both ends, first wheel and fixed bolster 1 in the middle of be equipped with spacer 4, first wheel and spacer 4 pass through bolt 7 and link to each other with fixed bolster 1, first wheel and second wheel can wind bolt 7 free rotation, the interval between the closest point of first wheel and second wheel is 25mm, and the position structure of first V type groove to fourth V type groove of first wheel and second wheel is from top to bottom or from bottom to top, the degree of depth homogeneous phase in each V type groove equals, first wheel and second wheel's bearing 5 in the middle of all be equipped with the packing ring, bolt 7 carry out fixed connection by nut 8 in the other end of fixed bolster 1.
When the invention works, an external paying-off steel wire enters a second reverse wheel 10 for S twisting after being subjected to Z twisting at a first reverse wheel 9, the external paying-off steel wire is clockwise wound to a first V-shaped groove of a second wheel through the first V-shaped groove of the first wheel, the external paying-off steel wire is anticlockwise wound to a second V-shaped groove of the first wheel from the first V-shaped groove of the second wheel, the external paying-off steel wire is clockwise wound to a second V-shaped groove of the second wheel from the second V-shaped groove of the first wheel, the external paying-off steel wire is anticlockwise wound to a third V-shaped groove of the first wheel from the second V-shaped groove of the first wheel, the external paying-off steel wire is anticlockwise wound to a fourth V-shaped groove of the second wheel from the third V-shaped groove of the first wheel, the external paying-off steel wire is anticlockwise wound to the fourth V-shaped groove of the first wheel from the third V-shaped groove of the second wheel, the external paying-off steel wire is clockwise wound to the fourth V-shaped groove of the second wheel from the fourth V-shaped groove of the second wheel, the fourth V-shaped groove of the second wheel is anticlockwise wound, the second wheel, the external paying-off steel wire is equivalent to the I-shaped groove wound at the position of the steel wire after being wound out steel wire, the first wheel, the reverse stranding wheel, the S stranding device has the S stranding device, and the S stranding device has the stress of the second wheel, and the S stranding device has the S stranding device, and has the S stranding device has the stress of the S stranding device.
In the working process of the invention, the turning directions of the first wheel and the second wheel are opposite, the height difference of the two wheels can be determined by the first wheel and the second wheel according to the actual condition of the equipment, but the reasonable balance of the two guide wheels needs to be noticed, so that the mechanical oscillation can be reduced, and the cord can be prevented from being merged into the groove or jumping out of the guide wheels. The device has the advantages of simple use, low cost, stable operation, good control quality, and capability of limiting the transmission of torsion and ensuring that the tension and the torsion are more stable.
The following table shows the data comparison between the machine table of the 2+ 0.25HT stranding machine with the splayed wheel set 2 and the machine table of the 2+ 0.25HT stranding machine without the splayed wheel set 2:
description of the drawings: this data is the comparison of the same machine and the same set of steel wires.
From this table, can see that the straightness, the bow height of the cord thread after the plying by the plying machine who has installed eight characters wheelset 2 additional all become more steady obviously, very big improvement the qualification rate of cord thread.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a cord thread shaping controlling means, includes body, first reverser wheel (9), second reverser wheel (10), first I-shaped wheel, second I-shaped wheel, first reverser wheel (9) be located the outside one end of device body, second reverser wheel (10) are located the outside other end of device body, first I-shaped wheel and second I-shaped wheel all be located inside the device body, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a splayed wheel set (2), the splayed wheel set (2) consists of a first wheel, a second wheel and a fixed support (1), the outer circumferential surfaces of the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively provided with a first V-shaped groove, a second V-shaped groove, a third V-shaped groove and a fourth V-shaped groove which are arranged in parallel, the two ends of the inner parts of the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively provided with an elastic check ring (6) for holes, the middle parts of the elastic check rings (6) for holes at the two ends are respectively provided with a bearing (5), the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively connected with the fixed support (1) through bolts (7), the joints are respectively provided with a spacing ring (4), an outer paying-off steel wire enters the second reverse wheel for S after being subjected to Z twisting at the first reverse wheel, and then is sequentially wound to the first V-shaped groove of the second wheel through the first V-shaped groove of the first wheel, a second V-shaped groove of the first wheel, a second V-shaped groove of the second wheel, a third V-shaped groove of the first wheel, a third V-shaped groove of the second wheel, a fourth V-shaped groove of the first wheel and a fourth V-shaped groove of the second wheel are wound, the wound cord is in an 8-shaped structure, finally the cord wound by the fourth V-shaped groove of the second wheel, a steel wire on the first I-shaped wheel and the second I-shaped wheel which are placed inside are stranded at the same time, the cord is subjected to Z-twisting at the first reverse wheel (9) after being stranded, and then the cord is subjected to S-twisting at the second reverse wheel (10) after being stranded, and the cord is taken out of the device, wherein the distance between the nearest points of the first wheel and the second wheel is 25mm, and the structures from the first V-shaped groove to the fourth V-shaped groove of the first wheel and the second wheel are from top to bottom, the depth of each V-shaped groove of the first wheel is equal to that of each V-shaped groove of the second wheel.
2. A cord forming control device according to claim 1, characterised in that said first and second wheels are freely rotatable about the bolt (7).
3. A cord forming control device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first and second wheels are of equal diameter.
4. A cord forming control device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first and second wheels are of a bilaterally symmetrical configuration.
5. A control device for cord forming according to claim 1, characterised in that a washer (3) is provided between the bearings (5) of the first and second wheel.
6. A cord forming control device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said bolt (7) is fixedly connected to the other end of the fixing bracket (1) by means of a nut (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710212863.9A CN106948197B (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | Cord forming control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710212863.9A CN106948197B (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | Cord forming control device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106948197A CN106948197A (en) | 2017-07-14 |
| CN106948197B true CN106948197B (en) | 2023-01-03 |
Family
ID=59474517
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710212863.9A Active CN106948197B (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | Cord forming control device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106948197B (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1340702A (en) * | 1961-12-08 | 1963-10-18 | Steel Cords Ltd | Method of manufacturing a metal strand |
| US3365871A (en) * | 1966-03-04 | 1968-01-30 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Accumulator stranding machine with two sets of wheels |
| EP0289884A2 (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1988-11-09 | SKET Schwermaschinenbau Magdeburg GmbH | Method and apparatus for making strands with one or more layers |
| US5342000A (en) * | 1990-02-02 | 1994-08-30 | Barmag Ag | Strand braking apparatus |
| US5797257A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1998-08-25 | Pirelli Coordinamento Pneumatici | Reinforcing metallic cord for elastomer-matrix composite articles, a process and apparatus for the manufacture thereof |
| CN101835589A (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2010-09-15 | 株式会社普利司通 | Rubber coating method for metallic element wire, cord manufacturing method, cord, rubber coating apparatus, and cord manufacturing apparatus |
| CN201778232U (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2011-03-30 | 国营江北机械厂 | Balancing control mechanism for tension of steel cords |
| CN202148458U (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2012-02-22 | 东台磊达钢帘线有限公司 | Wire passing device of steel cord double-twisting machine |
| CN104357991A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-18 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method for monofilament steel cord |
-
2017
- 2017-04-01 CN CN201710212863.9A patent/CN106948197B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1340702A (en) * | 1961-12-08 | 1963-10-18 | Steel Cords Ltd | Method of manufacturing a metal strand |
| US3365871A (en) * | 1966-03-04 | 1968-01-30 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Accumulator stranding machine with two sets of wheels |
| EP0289884A2 (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1988-11-09 | SKET Schwermaschinenbau Magdeburg GmbH | Method and apparatus for making strands with one or more layers |
| US5342000A (en) * | 1990-02-02 | 1994-08-30 | Barmag Ag | Strand braking apparatus |
| US5797257A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1998-08-25 | Pirelli Coordinamento Pneumatici | Reinforcing metallic cord for elastomer-matrix composite articles, a process and apparatus for the manufacture thereof |
| CN101835589A (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2010-09-15 | 株式会社普利司通 | Rubber coating method for metallic element wire, cord manufacturing method, cord, rubber coating apparatus, and cord manufacturing apparatus |
| CN201778232U (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2011-03-30 | 国营江北机械厂 | Balancing control mechanism for tension of steel cords |
| CN202148458U (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2012-02-22 | 东台磊达钢帘线有限公司 | Wire passing device of steel cord double-twisting machine |
| CN104357991A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-18 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method for monofilament steel cord |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106948197A (en) | 2017-07-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6863103B1 (en) | Steel cord for the reinforcement of a rubber article and tire | |
| US5661966A (en) | Steel cord for reinforcement of off-road tire, method of manufacturing the same, and off-road tire | |
| US8991457B2 (en) | Steel cord for reinforcement of rubber articles and pneumatic tire using the same | |
| US5311917A (en) | Pneumatic radial tires with core-sheath steel belt cords | |
| US20160152082A1 (en) | High elongation steel cord and pneumatic tire comprising said cord | |
| US8359823B2 (en) | Steel cord for reinforcing tire | |
| WO2011116493A1 (en) | Open off-the-road cord with preformed filaments | |
| CN203755071U (en) | Steel cord thread | |
| CN206090153U (en) | Steel cord for tire belt layer | |
| CN106948197B (en) | Cord forming control device | |
| JP3819550B2 (en) | Steel cords for reinforcing rubber articles and pneumatic tires | |
| US6354068B1 (en) | Steel cords for reinforcement of rubber articles pneumatic tire process for producing steel cord and tubular-type twisting machine therefor | |
| CN106320043A (en) | Seven-strand steel wire cord with (1+6+12)+6*(1+6+12) structure | |
| KR20010041262A (en) | Rubber Reinforcing Steel Cord And Heavy Duty Pneumatic Radial Tire Using The Steel Cord | |
| CN113550037A (en) | Nylon cord and tire thereof | |
| WO2021223463A1 (en) | Steel cord and manufacturing method therefor, and tire | |
| JP4628239B2 (en) | Steel cords for reinforcing rubber articles and pneumatic radial tires | |
| CA1304263C (en) | Steel cord construction | |
| CN217419126U (en) | Compact steel cord with 2+ N structure | |
| CN212404599U (en) | Steel cord and tire | |
| CN113308919A (en) | Compact steel cord with 1+ M + N structure and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN113293632A (en) | Compact steel cord with 2+ M + N structure and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN216107799U (en) | Steel cord for engineering vehicle tire | |
| CN206873179U (en) | A kind of cord molding control device | |
| RU210159U1 (en) | CLOSED STEEL ROPE |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |