CN106940384A - Mining ultrasonic anemoscope and wind measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Mining ultrasonic anemoscope and wind measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106940384A CN106940384A CN201710145471.5A CN201710145471A CN106940384A CN 106940384 A CN106940384 A CN 106940384A CN 201710145471 A CN201710145471 A CN 201710145471A CN 106940384 A CN106940384 A CN 106940384A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
- G01P5/245—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by measuring transit time of acoustical waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a mining ultrasonic anemorumbometer and a wind measuring method thereof, wherein the ultrasonic anemorumbometer comprises a main control module, a filter circuit, a signal amplification circuit, six ultrasonic transceiving sensors distributed according to a spatial three-dimensional coordinate system, a data processing module, a server and a computer terminal; the three-dimensional space coordinate system comprises three mutually perpendicular coordinate axes, two opposite ultrasonic transceiving sensors are respectively distributed on each coordinate axis, and the two ultrasonic transceiving sensors on each coordinate axis are symmetrically distributed on two sides of an origin. The mining ultrasonic anemoscope and the wind measuring method thereof provided by the invention can adapt to severe use environments of mines.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to survey wind technical field, it is related to a kind of mining ultrasonic aerovane and its wind detection method.
Background technology
Mine ventilation is that colliery wind place conveys fresh air, and discharges foul atmosphere, is mine safety and miner's work
Make the basic guarantee of environment.Promptly and accurately to grasp underground ventilating system operation situation, wind speed, wind are carried out to mine ventilation roadway
Measurement is the routine work in colliery, it is necessary to put into substantial amounts of manpower and time.And advanced measurement apparatus and wind detection method can
To improve wind speed, air measuring precision and survey wind efficiency.
At this stage, China's mine is mainly using turbomachine formula anemometer to the wind speed with wind point, air measuring.Measured
Cheng Zhong, turbomachine formula anemometer blade rotates under distinguished and admirable driving, drives pivot and then realization inside anemometer
The measurement of wind speed, air quantity.But due to the design feature of mechanical anemometer, threshold wind velocity is higher (typically in more than 0.2m/s),
It can not meet《Safety regulations in coal mine》Middle rock gangway wind speed is not less than 0.15m/s requirement；Mechanical anemometer uses drift section
Circuit method measures mean wind speed, high to survey crew's skill requirement, and measurement accuracy is affected by human factors greatly；Measurement needs one point
Clock, and stopwatch is equipped with, time of measuring is long；Easily influenceed, caused by the complicated adverse circumstances such as moist, many dirt in underground in measurement process
Corrosion of blade.Many reasons cause put into a large amount of manpowers and still can not accurately grasp ventilating system shape in the case of the time above
Condition.
Based on factors above, in mine needs wind place wind speed, the measurement process of air quantity, in the urgent need to a kind of performance is steady
Fixed, threshold wind velocity is low, measurement accuracy is high, adapts to the wind speed and direction measuring instrument of the severe use environment of mine.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of mining ultrasonic aerovane and its wind detection method, energy
Enough adapt to the severe use environment of mine.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of mining ultrasonic aerovane, including main control module, filter circuit, signal amplification circuit, according to space
Six ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors, data processing module, server and the computer terminal of three-dimensional system of coordinate distribution；The space three
Dimension coordinate system includes the relative ultrasonic transmission/reception sensing of each distribution two in three mutually perpendicular reference axis, every reference axis
Two ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors in device, every reference axis are symmetrical in origin both sides；Wherein：
The main control module, which is sent, starts measurement signal, and the filter circuit and the signal amplification circuit are started working,
The ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor is two-by-two to sending out the ultrasonic signal that tests the speed, until all ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors complete to test the speed
The transmitting-receiving of ultrasonic signal；
Determination data is transferred to the data processing module and carries out data processing by the main control module, to obtain mine lane
The wind speed and direction information in road；
The data processing module is by RS485 or WIFI signal by the wind speed and direction information transfer to the server
And control computer terminal.
Further, the ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor includes ultrasonic transducer, receiving and transmitting signal main control module, sound wave hair
Drive module, filter and amplification module, time calculating unit, signal processing module and echo signal reception module are penetrated, wherein：
The ultrasonic transducer includes buffer protection layer, wave absorption material and the control circuit module being sequentially connected,
Scribbled on the shell of the ultrasonic transducer in noise deadener, the buffer protection layer and be provided with piezoelectric vibrator, the control
Circuit module carries out data interaction by signal cable with outside.
Further, the buffer protection layer is made up of hard silicon grease material, to protect inside the ultrasonic transducer
Piezoelectric vibrator and control circuit module do not influenceed by subsurface environment.
Further, the piezoelectric vibrator is made up of the composite crystal material for possessing piezo-electric effect, by the ultrasonic wave
The electric signal of transducer transmitting sound wave is converted to mechanical oscillation signal, and the mechanical oscillation signal received is converted into telecommunications
Number.
A kind of wind detection method, methods described includes：
Receiving and transmitting signal master control module controls acoustic emission drive module in ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor produces acoustic emission
Electric signal, and via filter and amplification module to being transferred to after the Electric signal processing at ultrasonic transducer, to launch ultrasound
Ripple signal；
The ultrasonic signal runs into barrier reflection, forms ultrasound echo signal in transmitting procedure；
Echo signal reception module in ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor receives the ultrasound echo signal, and will be described super
Sound echo-signal is converted to electric signal, and the electric signal after conversion filters noise signal and enhanced processing via filter and amplification module
Afterwards, handled via signal processing module judgement, finally record the time needed for ultrasonic signal transmitting-receiving via time calculating unit,
To obtain ultrasonic transducer the distance between to barrier.
Further, component of the wind speed in 3 d space coordinate system in three reference axis is determined according to the following equation：
Wherein, ViRepresent component of the wind speed wherein in a reference axis, liRepresent that two ultrasonic waves are received in the reference axis
Send out the distance between sensor, t2Represent propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in contrary wind, t1Represent ultrasonic wave in the propagation in the wind
Between.
Further, methods described also includes：
Component of the wind speed in three reference axis is subjected to Vector modulation, sat with obtaining the wind speed in space three-dimensional
Velocity amplitude and wind direction value in mark system.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Mining ultrasonic aerovane and its wind detection method proposed by the present invention, it is accurate in real time using the information processing technology
The information such as wind speed, the wind direction in underground place to be measured really are measured, so as to solve the mechanical anemometer scope of application of conventional impellers
Narrow, measuring result error is big and the problems such as high threshold wind velocity, can adapt to the severe use environment of mine.
Brief description of the drawings
In order that the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are clearer, the present invention provides drawings described below and carried out
Explanation：
Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structure block diagram of mining ultrasonic aerovane of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of ultrasonic transducer of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor operating principles figure；
Fig. 4 is ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor probe arrangement figure；
Fig. 5 is wind vector synthesis schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is that ultrasonic transmission/reception goes out sensor wind detection method figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, the application embodiment provides a kind of mining ultrasonic aerovane, including main control module, filter
Wave circuit, signal amplification circuit, six ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors being distributed according to 3 d space coordinate system, data processing mould
Block, server and computer terminal；The 3 d space coordinate system is included in three mutually perpendicular reference axis, every reference axis
Two ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors in two relative ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors, every reference axis are respectively distributed in origin both sides
It is symmetrical；Wherein：
The main control module, which is sent, starts measurement signal, and the filter circuit and the signal amplification circuit are started working,
The ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor is two-by-two to sending out the ultrasonic signal that tests the speed, until all ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors complete to test the speed
The transmitting-receiving of ultrasonic signal；
Determination data is transferred to the data processing module and carries out data processing by the main control module, to obtain mine lane
The wind speed and direction information in road；
The data processing module is by RS485 or WIFI signal by the wind speed and direction information transfer to the server
And control computer terminal.
Referring to Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor includes ultrasonic transducer, transmitting-receiving letter
Number main control module, acoustic emission drive module, filter and amplification module, time calculating unit, signal processing module and echo letter
Number receiver module, wherein：
Referring to Fig. 2, the ultrasonic transducer includes buffer protection layer, wave absorption material and the control being sequentially connected
Scribbled on circuit module, the shell of the ultrasonic transducer in noise deadener, the buffer protection layer and be provided with piezoelectric vibrator,
The control circuit module carries out data interaction by signal cable with outside.
In the present embodiment, the buffer protection layer is made up of hard silicon grease material, to protect the ultrasonic wave transducer
Piezoelectric vibrator and control circuit module inside device are not influenceed by subsurface environment.
In the present embodiment, the piezoelectric vibrator is made up of the composite crystal material for possessing piezo-electric effect, will be described
The electric signal of ultrasonic transducer transmitting sound wave is converted to mechanical oscillation signal, and the mechanical oscillation signal received is converted to
Electric signal.
In order to which the ultrasonic wave for preventing environmental noise and piezoelectric vibrator from launching is interfered to the ultrasonic signal of reception, super
Acoustic wave transducer inside and surrounding are respectively designed with wave absorption material and noise deadener, are shaken for isolated environment noise and piezoelectricity
Son is diffracted into the acoustic signals inside transducer, and then realizes that noise sound wave is pulse damped and be less than 3 × 10-5s
The application also provides a kind of wind detection method applied to above-mentioned mining ultrasonic aerovane, methods described bag
Include：
Receiving and transmitting signal master control module controls acoustic emission drive module in ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor produces acoustic emission
Electric signal, and via filter and amplification module to being transferred to after the Electric signal processing at ultrasonic transducer, to launch ultrasound
Ripple signal；
The ultrasonic signal runs into barrier reflection, forms ultrasound echo signal in transmitting procedure；
Echo signal reception module in ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor receives the ultrasound echo signal, and will be described super
Sound echo-signal is converted to electric signal, and the electric signal after conversion filters noise signal and enhanced processing via filter and amplification module
Afterwards, handled via signal processing module judgement, finally record the time needed for ultrasonic signal transmitting-receiving via time calculating unit,
To obtain ultrasonic transducer the distance between to barrier.
In the present embodiment, point of the wind speed in 3 d space coordinate system in three reference axis is determined according to the following equation
Amount：
Wherein, ViRepresent component of the wind speed wherein in a reference axis, liRepresent that two ultrasonic waves are received in the reference axis
Send out the distance between sensor, t2Represent propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in contrary wind, t1Represent ultrasonic wave in the propagation in the wind
Between.
In the present embodiment, methods described also includes：
Component of the wind speed in three reference axis is subjected to Vector modulation, sat with obtaining the wind speed in space three-dimensional
Velocity amplitude and wind direction value in mark system.
Specifically, Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 is referred to, during ultrasonic transmission/reception working sensor, first by receiving and transmitting signal main control module control
Acoustic emission drive module processed produces acoustic emission electric signal, and super to being transferred to after signal transacting via filter and amplification module
Launch ultrasonic signal at acoustic wave transducer, signal runs into barrier reflection, form ultrasonic echo, echo in transmitting procedure
Signal receiving module receives echo impulse, and acoustic signals are converted into electric signal filtered via filter amplification circuit module and make an uproar
Message number and enhanced processing, are handled via signal processing module judgement, finally record ultrasonic signal via time calculating unit
The time required to transmitting-receiving, and then transducer to be measured is obtained the distance between to barrier.
In present invention measurement mine laneway network wind speed and direction information process, six ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show, it is positioned opposite two-by-two along three reference axis in three-dimensional coordinate system respectively.Wind speed and wind is measured using direct time difference principle
To size, as shown in Figure 5：If components of the wind speed V on three dimensional space coordinate axle is respectively Vx, Vy, Vz, take one in solid space
Point V (x, y, z), it is assumed that t be ambient wind as the time required for space coordinate origin is transferred to position V, c is ultrasonic wave in environment
In spread speed, due to actually surveying during wind, the distance of sensor positioned opposite is much larger than wave length of sound, then wind two-by-two
Met in communication process：
(x-vxt)2+(y-vyt)2+(z-vzt)2=c2t2
As shown in Figure 6：Specific in x-axis, it is assumed that P ' (x, y, z)=P ' (l, 0,0), l are two ultrasonic transmission/receptions in x-axis
The distance between sensor, bringing above formula abbreviation into can obtain：
Assuming that ultrasonic wave with the propagation time in contrary wind is being respectively with the wind t1、t2, then above formula be represented by：
Two formulas are subtracted each other, and abbreviation can be obtained：
Similarly, component Vy, the Vz of wind speed V in y-axis and z-axis are obtained respectively, finally carry out Vector modulation, you can obtain wind
Wind speed and wind direction information in three-dimensional coordinate system.
Verification experimental verification：
(1) standard wind tunnel calibration is tested
In order to examine the product stability and application effect of the present invention, Chongqing City's National Instruments instrument mark is placed this invention into
Quasi-experiment wind-tunnel carries out wind speed calibration test, and wind tunnel test section is rectangle, is placed in anemoclinograph to be measured in wind-tunnel windward
Area is only the 3.4% of wind-tunnel area of section, meet be placed in wind-tunnel be tested object area not should be greater than wind-tunnel working sections
The industry specification standard of area 4~5%.In the process of the test of standard wind speed calibration is carried out to instrument, wind-tunnel is using micro-
Pressure meter and Pitot tube survey wind, and the computing formula that tests the speed is：
In formula：Real-true wind speed of v, m/s；G- acceleration of gravity, 9.8m/s；H moves-differential manometer measurement dynamic pressure value, millimeter water
Post；ξ-Pitot tube calibration factor；γ-air rate, kg/m again3。
In process of the test, different wind speed sizes are obtained by the operating frequency range for adjusting blower fan, wind speed and direction is surveyed
The numerical value of wind speed in the output numerical value and true environment of instrument.
(2) with the existing turbomachine formula wind table contrast test in colliery
By taking application of the present invention in Huainan Mining Group Gu Bei collieries as an example, by with the existing turbomachine anemometer in colliery
Underground, ground multiple spot field survey is carried out to obtain as shown by the data in table 1.
The present invention of table 1 and the contrast applicable cases of turbomachine formula anemometer
From experimental test result, single-point survey wind stability of the present invention, which is substantially better than, uses the mechanical wind speed of conventional impellers
Table carries out measuring wind speed and obtains test data.Meanwhile, the single-spot testing time is reduced to present 25s by original 60s, and single-point is surveyed
The examination time saves 58.4%.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Mining ultrasonic aerovane and its wind detection method proposed by the present invention, it is accurate in real time using the information processing technology
The information such as wind speed, the wind direction in underground place to be measured really are measured, so as to solve the mechanical anemometer scope of application of conventional impellers
Narrow, measuring result error is big and the problems such as high threshold wind velocity, can adapt to the severe use environment of mine.
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although logical
Cross above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can be
Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of mining ultrasonic aerovane, it is characterised in that including main control module, filter circuit, signal amplification circuit,
Six ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors, data processing module, server and the computer terminal being distributed according to 3 d space coordinate system；Institute
Stating 3 d space coordinate system includes respectively being distributed two relative ultrasonic waves in three mutually perpendicular reference axis, every reference axis
Two ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors in sending and receiving sensor, every reference axis are symmetrical in origin both sides；Wherein：
The main control module, which is sent, starts measurement signal, and the filter circuit and the signal amplification circuit are started working, described
Ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor is two-by-two to sending out the ultrasonic signal that tests the speed, until all ultrasonic transmission/reception sensors complete the ultrasound that tests the speed
The transmitting-receiving of ripple signal；
Determination data is transferred to the data processing module and carries out data processing by the main control module, to obtain mine laneway
Wind speed and direction information；
The data processing module is by RS485 or WIFI signal by the wind speed and direction information transfer to the server and control
Computer terminal processed.
2. mining ultrasonic aerovane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor
Including ultrasonic transducer, receiving and transmitting signal main control module, acoustic emission drive module, filter and amplification module, time calculating unit,
Signal processing module and echo signal reception module, wherein：
The ultrasonic transducer includes buffer protection layer, wave absorption material and the control circuit module being sequentially connected, described
Scribbled on the shell of ultrasonic transducer in noise deadener, the buffer protection layer and be provided with piezoelectric vibrator, the control circuit
Module carries out data interaction by signal cable with outside.
3. mining ultrasonic aerovane according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the buffer protection layer is by hard
Silicon grease material is constituted, to protect piezoelectric vibrator and control circuit module inside the ultrasonic transducer not by subsurface environment
Influence.
4. mining ultrasonic aerovane according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the piezoelectric vibrator is by possessing pressure
The composite crystal material of electrical effect is made, and the electric signal that the ultrasonic transducer launches sound wave is converted into mechanical oscillation letter
Number, and the mechanical oscillation signal received is converted into electric signal.
5. a kind of wind detection method for being applied to the mining ultrasonic aerovane as described in any in Claims 1-4, it is special
Levy and be, methods described includes：
Receiving and transmitting signal master control module controls acoustic emission drive module in ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor produces acoustic emission telecommunications
Number, and via filter and amplification module to being transferred to after the Electric signal processing at ultrasonic transducer, to launch ultrasonic wave letter
Number；
The ultrasonic signal runs into barrier reflection, forms ultrasound echo signal in transmitting procedure；
Echo signal reception module in ultrasonic transmission/reception sensor receives the ultrasound echo signal, and the ultrasound is returned
Ripple signal is converted to electric signal, and the electric signal after conversion is filtered after noise signal and enhanced processing via filter and amplification module, warp
Handled by signal processing module judgement, finally record the time needed for ultrasonic signal transmitting-receiving via time calculating unit, with
The distance between barrier is arrived to ultrasonic transducer.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that determine wind speed in 3 d space coordinate system according to the following equation
In component in three reference axis：
Wherein, ViRepresent component of the wind speed wherein in a reference axis, liRepresent that two ultrasonic transmission/receptions are passed in the reference axis
The distance between sensor, t2Represent propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in contrary wind, t1Represent propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the wind.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：
Component of the wind speed in three reference axis is subjected to Vector modulation, to obtain the wind speed in 3 d space coordinate system
In velocity amplitude and wind direction value.
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| CN201710145471.5A CN106940384A (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2017-03-10 | Mining ultrasonic anemoscope and wind measuring method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107918128A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-17 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | A kind of high-precision near space real-time in-situ surveys the devices and methods therefor of wind |
| CN108872629A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Wind speed and wind volume detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN110987350A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Three-dimensional wind field inversion method for measuring wind flow of tunnel return air shaft |
| CN113447671A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-09-28 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Roadway section wind speed detection method based on high-frequency and low-frequency ultrasonic waves |
| CN114660324A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-24 | 国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 | Coal mine wind measuring system, method and equipment based on Internet of things |
| CN118731413A (en) * | 2024-05-28 | 2024-10-01 | 华云升达(北京)气象科技有限责任公司 | 3D Ultrasonic Anemometer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107918128A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-17 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | A kind of high-precision near space real-time in-situ surveys the devices and methods therefor of wind |
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| CN113447671A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-09-28 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Roadway section wind speed detection method based on high-frequency and low-frequency ultrasonic waves |
| CN113447671B (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2022-09-23 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Roadway section wind speed detection method based on high-frequency and low-frequency ultrasonic waves |
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| CN118731413A (en) * | 2024-05-28 | 2024-10-01 | 华云升达(北京)气象科技有限责任公司 | 3D Ultrasonic Anemometer |
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Application publication date: 20170711 |