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CN106935840A - A kind of preparation method of tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106935840A
CN106935840A CN201710370271.XA CN201710370271A CN106935840A CN 106935840 A CN106935840 A CN 106935840A CN 201710370271 A CN201710370271 A CN 201710370271A CN 106935840 A CN106935840 A CN 106935840A
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lifepo
lithium
positive electrode
lithium ion
ion batteries
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不公告发明人
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Suzhou Sichuang Yuanbo Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Sichuang Yuanbo Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • H01M4/366Composites as layered products
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/5825Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/626Metals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/628Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028Positive electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode, methods described is simple to operation, low cost, it is time-consuming short, one layer of equally distributed fast-ionic conductor clad is formed on positive electrode surface, using the effect of the characteristic and clad of fast-ionic conductor, circulation and the high rate performance of positive electrode are effectively improved.

Description

A kind of preparation method of tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery material field, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery as the new renewable green energy resource of one kind, by its high-energy-density, high voltage, cycle life The advantages of length, green non-pollution, widely should be obtained in miniaturized electronics (cell phone, notebook computer etc.) With, and it is increasingly becoming one of topmost candidate's electrical source of power of electric automobile;In addition, in national defense and military fields, also contemplated land, The equipment of many arm of the services such as sea, sky, day.With the development of science and technology we propose requirement higher to lithium ion battery, seek High performance lithium ion battery is of great practical significance.Wherein, the performance of positive electrode turns into limiting lithium ion electricity The key factor that pond performance is further lifted, seeks high performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries particularly significant.
Current commercialized lithium ion anode material is mainly with LiFePO4 (LiFePO4), ternary material (nickel cobalt manganese three First material NCM, nickel cobalt aluminium ternary material NCA) and LiMn2O4 (LiMn2O4) etc. based on, wherein lithium manganate battery cycle life Cycle life is worse under short and hot environment, and ternary material has safety issue as electrokinetic cell.Recently, LiFePO4 Anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its discharge capacity high, excellent security performance, and the advantages of good cycle performance Become the focus of current research.
The synthetic method of current lithium ion battery anode material lithium iron phosphate mainly has high temperature solid phase synthesis, co-precipitation Method, sol-gel process, Pechini methods etc..The wherein soft chemical method technique such as coprecipitation, sol-gel method, Pechini methods Complexity, is difficult to realize industrialization.Therefore conventional synthesis process mainly uses high temperature solid phase synthesis.High temperature solid phase synthesis are Lithium salts, ferrous salt and phosphorus compound are well mixed according to a certain percentage, one section is calcined at high temperature using inert gas shielding Time is obtained LiFePO4.Conventional lithium salts has lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, lithium nitrate, lithium acetate etc., and source of iron is then ferric phosphate, In 600 DEG C of temperature of -950 DEG C of even more highs, calcination time is 10-60h or so to calcining heat.High temperature solid phase synthesis operate and Process Route Planning is simple, and technological parameter is easily controllable, the strong mechanical property of preparation, it is easy to accomplish industrialization is extensive raw Produce.But, it is necessary to substantial amounts of inert protective gas when the high temperature solid phase synthesis of routine prepare LiFePO4, inert gas cost compared with It is high.
The ion and electron conduction of LiFePO4 are poor.Surface coating is to improve anode material for lithium-ion batteries deficiency at present One of effective ways, clad can not only effectively suppress the side reaction between electrolyte and positive electrode, can also suppress material Dissolving of middle transition metal etc., the cycle performance under the cyclical stability and high magnification of reinforcing material etc., are effectively improved material Chemical property.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode, and methods described is simple to operation, into This is low, time-consuming short, one layer of equally distributed fast-ionic conductor clad is formed on positive electrode surface, using fast-ionic conductor The effect of characteristic and clad, effectively improves circulation and the high rate performance of positive electrode.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode, the party Method comprises the following steps:
(1)Prepare LiFePO 4 material
According to iron:Lithium:Carbon geochemistry metering compares 1:1:(0.03-0.05)Ratio weigh lithium carbonate, ferric phosphate and starch respectively, plus Enter carries out, with 400-500rpm rotating speed ball milling 7-9h, being then vacuum dried 12-16h at 80-90 DEG C after absolute ethyl alcohol is well mixed Obtain ferric lithium phosphate precursor powder;
Plasma-arc is imposed under reducing atmosphere to precursor, melts reaction powder, plasma electric arc voltage 20- 40kV, plasma electric arc current 500-1000A;
Frit reaction powder reducibility gas are spurted into cooling device, particle is crushed and screened after cooling, screening is obtained Granular size be 5-10 microns of ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material;The wherein described nozzle diameter 2-5mm for spraying;
(2)Prepare covering liquid
Tungstenic compound is dissolved in deionized water, is stirred well to and is completely dissolved, is well mixed;
(3)Cladding
In covering liquid, the above-mentioned ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material addition ball grinder that will be prepared, with turning for 300-500r/min Fast ball milling mixing 4-6h, obtains mixed liquor;
After by the mixed liquor vacuum drying after mill, with the speed of 15 DEG C/min from room temperature to 480-620 DEG C, in 480-620 Constant temperature pre-burning 3-6h at DEG C, then be warming up to 850-900 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, in calcining at constant temperature 8- at 850-900 DEG C 10h, is finally down to room temperature with the at the uniform velocity rate of temperature fall of 5 DEG C/min, after being fully ground, obtains tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive pole material Material.
Preferably, described Tungstenic compound uses ammonium metatungstate, and described ammonium metatungstate is above-mentioned ball-type positive pole phosphoric acid The 1wt%-3wt% of iron lithium material mass fraction.
Preferably, the step(1)In reducibility gas be the mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein hydrogen is in gaseous mixture Percent by volume 1-3% in body.
The invention has the advantages that and remarkable result:
(1)The plasma high-temperature fusion technology that the present invention is used, is a kind of new technique developed in recent years, and principle is: By introducing plasma working gas after vacuum system preset vacuum, in melt chamber and cooling chamber, (generally inert gas, lazy Property gas be helium, neon and argon gas in one or more, the inert gas in melt chamber and cooling chamber can be it is same, Can also be mixed gas), voltage is added between the two poles of the earth, the inert gas plasma moment in melt chamber heats up, temperature Thousands of degree can be reached, the powder in addition feed appliance can be made to be rapidly reached molten condition, plasma high-speed motion, particle Between sharp impacts can occur, the material under molten condition required for in-time generatin is taken out of by the gas for being injected out Melt chamber, is entered into cooling chamber, and required lithium iron phosphate positive material is obtained after cooling.This method can make LiFePO4 material Material is formed in moment, and can form continuous prodution.
(2)From Tungstenic compound to coat material in the present invention, with novelty, low cost, environment-friendly, clad The side reaction between electrolyte and positive electrode can not only effectively be suppressed, dissolving of transition metal in material etc. can also be suppressed, had Effect enhances cycle performance under the cyclical stability and high magnification of material etc..
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
According to iron:Lithium:Carbon geochemistry metering compares 1:1:0.03 ratio weighs lithium carbonate, ferric phosphate and starch respectively, adds anhydrous Carry out, with 400rpm rotating speed ball milling 7h, being then vacuum dried 12h at 80 DEG C and obtaining ferric lithium phosphate precursor after ethanol is well mixed Powder;Plasma-arc is imposed under reducing atmosphere to precursor, reaction powder is melted, plasma electric arc voltage 20kV, Plasma electric arc current 1000A.
Frit reaction powder reducibility gas are spurted into cooling device, the reducibility gas are nitrogen and hydrogen Mixture, wherein percent by volume 1% of the hydrogen in mixed gas.Particle is crushed and screened after cooling, what screening was obtained Granular size is 5 microns of ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material;The wherein described nozzle diameter 2mm for spraying.
Tungstenic compound is dissolved in deionized water, is stirred well to and is completely dissolved, is well mixed, obtain covering liquid;Institute The Tungstenic compound stated uses ammonium metatungstate, and described ammonium metatungstate is above-mentioned ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material mass fraction 1wt%.In covering liquid, the above-mentioned ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material addition ball grinder that will be prepared, with 300-500r/min's Rotating speed ball milling mixing 4-6h, obtains mixed liquor.
After by the mixed liquor vacuum drying after mill, with the speed of 15 DEG C/min from room temperature to 480 DEG C, at 480 DEG C Constant temperature pre-burning 3h, then be warming up to 850 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, in calcining at constant temperature 8h at 850 DEG C, finally with 5 DEG C/min's At the uniform velocity rate of temperature fall is down to room temperature, after being fully ground, obtains tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode.
Embodiment two
According to iron:Lithium:Carbon geochemistry metering compares 1:1:0.05 ratio weighs lithium carbonate, ferric phosphate and starch respectively, adds anhydrous Carry out, with 500rpm rotating speed ball milling 9h, being then vacuum dried 16h at 80-90 DEG C and obtaining LiFePO4 forerunner after ethanol is well mixed Body powder;Plasma-arc is imposed under reducing atmosphere to precursor, melts reaction powder, plasma electric arc voltage 40kV, plasma electric arc current 500A.
Frit reaction powder reducibility gas are spurted into cooling device, the reducibility gas are nitrogen and hydrogen Mixture, wherein percent by volume 3% of the hydrogen in mixed gas.Particle is crushed and screened after cooling, what screening was obtained Granular size is 10 microns of ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material;The wherein described nozzle diameter 5mm for spraying.
Tungstenic compound is dissolved in deionized water, is stirred well to and is completely dissolved, is well mixed, obtain covering liquid;Institute The Tungstenic compound stated uses ammonium metatungstate, and described ammonium metatungstate is above-mentioned ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material mass fraction 3wt%.In covering liquid, the above-mentioned ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material addition ball grinder that will be prepared, with the rotating speed of 500r/min Ball milling mixing 6h, obtains mixed liquor.
After by the mixed liquor vacuum drying after mill, with the speed of 15 DEG C/min from room temperature to 620 DEG C, at 620 DEG C Constant temperature pre-burning 6h, then be warming up to 900 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, in calcining at constant temperature 10h at 900 DEG C, finally with 5 DEG C/min's At the uniform velocity rate of temperature fall is down to room temperature, after being fully ground, obtains tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode.
Comparative example
Commercially available lithium iron phosphate positive material.
Above-described embodiment one, two and comparative example products therefrom are used into NMP as solvent, by active material: SP: PVDF Be configured to slurry that solid content be 70% at=90: 5: 5 is evenly applied on Al paper tinsels, is made positive pole.Negative pole is from diameter 14mm's Metal lithium sheet, electrolyte selects 1mol LiFP6 (EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1, v/v), with negative electrode casing-shell fragment-pad-lithium Be packaged for battery by the order of piece-electrolyte-barrier film-positive plate-pad-anode cover, and whole process is all filled with argon Completed in the glove box of gas.Electric performance test is carried out at being 25 DEG C in test temperature, after tested the material of the embodiment one and two Compared with the product of comparative example, first charge-discharge reversible capacity improves 34-37%, and service life brings up to more than 15%.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of preparation method of tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode, the method comprises the following steps:
(1)Prepare LiFePO 4 material
According to iron:Lithium:Carbon geochemistry metering compares 1:1:(0.03-0.05)Ratio weigh lithium carbonate, ferric phosphate and starch respectively, plus Enter carries out, with 400-500rpm rotating speed ball milling 7-9h, being then vacuum dried 12-16h at 80-90 DEG C after absolute ethyl alcohol is well mixed Obtain ferric lithium phosphate precursor powder;
Plasma-arc is imposed under reducing atmosphere to precursor, melts reaction powder, plasma electric arc voltage 20- 40kV, plasma electric arc current 500-1000A;
Frit reaction powder reducibility gas are spurted into cooling device, particle is crushed and screened after cooling, screening is obtained Granular size be 5-10 microns of ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material;The wherein described nozzle diameter 2-5mm for spraying;
(2)Prepare covering liquid
Tungstenic compound is dissolved in deionized water, is stirred well to and is completely dissolved, is well mixed;
(3)Cladding
In covering liquid, the above-mentioned ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material addition ball grinder that will be prepared, with turning for 300-500r/min Fast ball milling mixing 4-6h, obtains mixed liquor;
After by the mixed liquor vacuum drying after mill, with the speed of 15 DEG C/min from room temperature to 480-620 DEG C, in 480-620 Constant temperature pre-burning 3-6h at DEG C, then be warming up to 850-900 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, in calcining at constant temperature 8- at 850-900 DEG C 10h, is finally down to room temperature with the at the uniform velocity rate of temperature fall of 5 DEG C/min, after being fully ground, obtains tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive pole material Material.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described Tungstenic compound uses ammonium metatungstate, and described is inclined Ammonium tungstate is the 1wt%-3wt% of above-mentioned ball-type positive pole LiFePO 4 material mass fraction.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the step(1)In reducibility gas be nitrogen and hydrogen The percent by volume 1-3% of the mixture of gas, wherein hydrogen in mixed gas.
CN201710370271.XA 2017-05-23 2017-05-23 A kind of preparation method of tungsten coated LiFePO 4 for lithium ion batteries positive electrode Pending CN106935840A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107895788A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-10 绵阳师范学院 A kind of conducting metal oxide modifies LiFePO4The preparation method of positive electrode
CN108288704A (en) * 2018-02-05 2018-07-17 邳州易萨新型材料有限公司 A kind of preparation method of anode material of lithium battery
CN111900401A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-11-06 贵州梅岭电源有限公司 Method for coating positive electrode material of lithium battery by using tungsten oxide and nitrogen-doped carbon composite
CN112786859A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-05-11 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Preparation method of tantalum-doped/porous metal nanoparticle-coated modified lithium iron phosphate material
CN115732647A (en) * 2021-08-30 2023-03-03 中国科学院化学研究所 Low-alkalinity high-lattice-stability coated modified cathode material and preparation method and application thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101428781A (en) * 2008-12-08 2009-05-13 广州丰江电池新技术有限公司 Conglobation type nanostructured lithium iron phosphate anode material and method for producing the same
CN101604747A (en) * 2009-07-07 2009-12-16 刘强 The preparation method of lithium iron phosphate positive material
CN103618065A (en) * 2013-11-20 2014-03-05 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 Lithium iron phosphate material and preparation method thereof
CN105742592A (en) * 2016-03-02 2016-07-06 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 W/W2Preparation method of C/Action Carbon coated lithium ion battery anode material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101428781A (en) * 2008-12-08 2009-05-13 广州丰江电池新技术有限公司 Conglobation type nanostructured lithium iron phosphate anode material and method for producing the same
CN101604747A (en) * 2009-07-07 2009-12-16 刘强 The preparation method of lithium iron phosphate positive material
CN103618065A (en) * 2013-11-20 2014-03-05 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 Lithium iron phosphate material and preparation method thereof
CN105742592A (en) * 2016-03-02 2016-07-06 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 W/W2Preparation method of C/Action Carbon coated lithium ion battery anode material

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107895788A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-10 绵阳师范学院 A kind of conducting metal oxide modifies LiFePO4The preparation method of positive electrode
CN108288704A (en) * 2018-02-05 2018-07-17 邳州易萨新型材料有限公司 A kind of preparation method of anode material of lithium battery
CN111900401A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-11-06 贵州梅岭电源有限公司 Method for coating positive electrode material of lithium battery by using tungsten oxide and nitrogen-doped carbon composite
CN111900401B (en) * 2020-07-24 2022-02-22 贵州梅岭电源有限公司 Method for coating positive electrode material of lithium battery by using tungsten oxide and nitrogen-doped carbon composite
CN112786859A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-05-11 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Preparation method of tantalum-doped/porous metal nanoparticle-coated modified lithium iron phosphate material
CN115732647A (en) * 2021-08-30 2023-03-03 中国科学院化学研究所 Low-alkalinity high-lattice-stability coated modified cathode material and preparation method and application thereof

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Application publication date: 20170707