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CN106935800A - For the protective layer of serondary lithium battery negative pole - Google Patents

For the protective layer of serondary lithium battery negative pole Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106935800A
CN106935800A CN201511008718.6A CN201511008718A CN106935800A CN 106935800 A CN106935800 A CN 106935800A CN 201511008718 A CN201511008718 A CN 201511008718A CN 106935800 A CN106935800 A CN 106935800A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
lithium
protective layer
cathode
solvent
negative pole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201511008718.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王维坤
金朝庆
王安邦
苑克国
余仲宝
邱景义
李萌
张松通
祝夏雨
杨裕生
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
63971 Troops of PLA
Original Assignee
63971 Troops of PLA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 63971 Troops of PLA filed Critical 63971 Troops of PLA
Priority to CN201511008718.6A priority Critical patent/CN106935800A/en
Publication of CN106935800A publication Critical patent/CN106935800A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/134Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0416Methods of deposition of the material involving impregnation with a solution, dispersion, paste or dry powder
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0438Processes of manufacture in general by electrochemical processing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1395Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027Negative electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of protective layer for serondary lithium battery negative pole, layer protective layer can be conveniently effectively formed on cathode of lithium, so as to effectively extend the cycle life of cathode of lithium, realize the high-energy-density of lithium secondary battery.Lithium anode in lithium secondary battery includes the negative pole of all types lithium metal, including metal lithium sheet, lithium paper tinsel, lithium powder, lithium grain, including lithium alloys negative pole, including lithium alloy piece, paper tinsel, powder, grain.The method that protective layer is formed on cathode of lithium is soaked or is electrolysed in a kind of special solution by by lithium metal;Wherein involved special solution is a kind of solution containing many lithium sulfides.The Li dendrite of cathode of lithium, the safety problem of cathode of lithium and cycle life problem effectively are solved the problems, such as, the high-energy-density of lithium secondary battery is achieved.

Description

For the protective layer of serondary lithium battery negative pole
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of protective layer for serondary lithium battery negative pole.Belong to electrochemical field.
Background technology
With the development of science and technology people adapt to the miniaturization of various batteries, lightweight in the urgent need to a kind of high energy density cells Trend, at this moment, lithium ion battery is difficult to meet needs.Due to the limitation of the theoretical specific energy of graphite, lithium ion battery is difficult As high energy density cells.Battery in theory with lithium metal as negative pole can turn into the battery of higher energy density.Metal The specific capacity of lithium is up to 3860mAh/g, and the exchange current density of lithium electrode is big, polarizes small, is ideal electrode material Material.But because metal lithium electrode will produce Li dendrite in charge and discharge process.When Li dendrite comes off from pole plate, battery can be caused to hold The loss of amount, if Li dendrite is gradually given birth to, may pierce through barrier film and cause internal short-circuit of battery, trigger battery catches fire or blast. This problem ultimately results in lithium secondary battery and commercially not yet succeeds.
For protection cathode of lithium, it is also proposed that kinds of schemes perhaps in document, including being applied with protective layers such as polymer, ceramics or glass Overlay on cathode of lithium.United States Patent (USP) USP5460905, USP5462566 describes a kind of method, in the battery cathode of lithium and electricity Mix a conjugated polymer film between solution matter, and USP5648187 and USP 5961672 describe cathode of lithium in the battery and One layer of polymer film of conduction and preparation method thereof is pressed from both sides between electrolyte;United States Patent (USP) USP5314765 is also described on cathode of lithium One layer of ceramic coating of covering.Also certain methods, United States Patent (USP) USP5387479, USP5487959, CN1297588A, It is described in CN1726608A, CN1894821A, CN1938895A, CN101313426A etc..
Although proposing the various methods that protective layer is formed on cathode of lithium, the Li dendrite of cathode of lithium is not solved still at present Problem.Still need to propose safety problem and cycle life of the more efficiently solution to solve the problems, such as cathode of lithium, so that The high-energy-density of lithium secondary battery is achieved.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of protective layer for serondary lithium battery negative pole, one is conveniently effectively formed on cathode of lithium Layer protective layer.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention, the preparation method step for the protective layer of serondary lithium battery negative pole is as follows:
Lithium anode is placed in protection solution and is stood, vibrated, shaken, stirred or electrolysis treatment, treatment temperature is - 20~120 DEG C, pressure is 0.1~10dtm, and process time is 0.1~5h.Wherein, when carrying out electrolysis treatment, voltage is 0~5V, 0~10A of electric current;
The preparation of cathode of lithium protective layer is before battery assembling or after battery assembling;
Lithium anode is metal lithium sheet, lithium paper tinsel, lithium powder, lithium grain or lithium metal alloy, and lithium metal alloy is lithium metal alloy Piece, paper tinsel, powder or grain.
Protection solution includes inorganic agent and solution two parts, and inorganic agent is curing lithium, four lithium sulfides, six lithium sulfides or eight vulcanizations Lithium;Solvent is ether solvent, esters solvent, varsol or sulfone class solvent, and ether solvent is glycol dimethyl ether, diethyl two Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether or DOX;Esters solvent is dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, carbonic acid Methyl ethyl ester or vinylene carbonate support ester;Varsol is normal butane, toluene or dimethylbenzene;Sulfone class solvent is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ring Fourth sulfone or Methylethyl sulfone;
Composition for the cathode of lithium protective layer of serondary lithium battery is polysulfide, oxide, cyanide, sulfate, sulfonic acid One or more of salt, nitrate.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:Effectively solve the problems, such as that the Li dendrite of cathode of lithium, the safety problem of cathode of lithium and cycle life are asked Topic, is achieved the high-energy-density of lithium secondary battery.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Metallic lithium foil is statically placed in the Li of 0.2mol/L2S61h in/DOX processing solution, with 1,3- dioxies penta after taking-up Ring neat solvent washes off the treatment fluid of metallic lithium foil excess surface, obtains the metallic lithium foil with protective layer.
Metallic lithium foil with protective layer is applied in lithium-sulfur cell, under 100mA/g current densities, positive electrode is put first Capacitance 1550mAh/g, specific discharge capacity is 1000mAh/g after 50 circulations.
Embodiment 2
Metal lithium sheet is placed in the Li of 0.50mol/L2S4In/methyl ethyl carbonate treatment fluid, ultrasonic vibration 2h uses second two after taking-up Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether neat solvent washes off the treatment fluid of metal lithium sheet excess surface, obtains the metal lithium sheet with protective layer.
Embodiment 3
Lithium boron alloy piece is sandwiched on copper electrode, the Li of 0.50mol/L is subsequently placed in2S2In/sulfolane treatment fluid, separately in treatment Platinum electrode is inserted in liquid as to electrode, setting electric current 2mA, voltage 3V carry out electrolysis treatment 2h, obtain with protective layer Lithium boron alloy piece.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of protective layer for serondary lithium battery negative pole, it is characterised in that the preparation method step of the protective layer is as follows:
Lithium anode is placed in protection solution and is stood, vibrated, shaken, stirred or electrolysis treatment, treatment temperature is - 20~120 DEG C, pressure is 0.1~10dtm, and the time is 0.1~5h;Wherein, when carrying out electrolysis treatment, voltage is 0~5V, electric current 0~10A;
The preparation of cathode of lithium protective layer is before battery assembling or after battery assembling;
Lithium anode is metal lithium sheet, lithium paper tinsel, lithium powder, lithium grain or lithium metal alloy, and lithium metal alloy is lithium metal alloy Piece, paper tinsel, powder or grain;
Protection solution includes inorganic agent and solution two parts, and inorganic agent is curing lithium, four lithium sulfides, six lithium sulfides or eight vulcanizations Lithium;Solvent includes ether solvent, esters solvent, varsol or sulfone class solvent, and ether solvent is glycol dimethyl ether, diethyl Glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether or DOX;Esters solvent is dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, carbonic acid Methyl ethyl ester or vinylene carbonate support ester;Varsol is normal butane, toluene or dimethylbenzene;Sulfone class solvent is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ring Fourth sulfone or Methylethyl sulfone;
For serondary lithium battery cathode of lithium protective layer composition for polysulfide, oxide, cyanide, sulfate, sulfonate, One or more of nitrate.
CN201511008718.6A 2015-12-31 2015-12-31 For the protective layer of serondary lithium battery negative pole Pending CN106935800A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106935800A true CN106935800A (en) 2017-07-07

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109273664A (en) * 2018-09-13 2019-01-25 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Electrochemical preparation method of ultrathin lithium foil
CN109461886A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-03-12 江西迪比科股份有限公司 A kind of composite metal lithium titanate cathode material and preparation method
CN109786692A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-05-21 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 A kind of surface nitridation modification method of metal lithium electrode and obtained metal lithium negative electrode and use
CN111952571A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-11-17 上海空间电源研究所 Lithium/lithium alloy composite negative electrode for high-power primary battery, preparation method and battery

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020018393A (en) * 2000-09-01 2002-03-08 김순택 A Lithium Sulfur Secondary batteries using multi-layer separator
US20020045102A1 (en) * 2000-08-02 2002-04-18 Youngiu Jung Lithium-sulfur batteries
CN1612377A (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-04 三星Sdi株式会社 Negative electrode for lithium metal battery and lithium metal battery comprising the same
CN101501897A (en) * 2006-08-10 2009-08-05 奥克斯能源有限公司 A cell or battery with a metal lithium electrode and electrolytes therefor
CN103855349A (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-11 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Diaphragm of lithium-sulfur battery
CN105140449A (en) * 2015-08-14 2015-12-09 中国人民解放军63971部队 Method for protecting anode of lithium sulfur battery

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020045102A1 (en) * 2000-08-02 2002-04-18 Youngiu Jung Lithium-sulfur batteries
KR20020018393A (en) * 2000-09-01 2002-03-08 김순택 A Lithium Sulfur Secondary batteries using multi-layer separator
CN1612377A (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-04 三星Sdi株式会社 Negative electrode for lithium metal battery and lithium metal battery comprising the same
CN101501897A (en) * 2006-08-10 2009-08-05 奥克斯能源有限公司 A cell or battery with a metal lithium electrode and electrolytes therefor
CN103855349A (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-11 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Diaphragm of lithium-sulfur battery
CN105140449A (en) * 2015-08-14 2015-12-09 中国人民解放军63971部队 Method for protecting anode of lithium sulfur battery

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109273664A (en) * 2018-09-13 2019-01-25 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Electrochemical preparation method of ultrathin lithium foil
CN109461886A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-03-12 江西迪比科股份有限公司 A kind of composite metal lithium titanate cathode material and preparation method
CN109786692A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-05-21 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 A kind of surface nitridation modification method of metal lithium electrode and obtained metal lithium negative electrode and use
CN111952571A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-11-17 上海空间电源研究所 Lithium/lithium alloy composite negative electrode for high-power primary battery, preparation method and battery

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