CN106932897A - Quantum imaging method, quantum imaging system - Google Patents
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- CN106932897A CN106932897A CN201710334268.2A CN201710334268A CN106932897A CN 106932897 A CN106932897 A CN 106932897A CN 201710334268 A CN201710334268 A CN 201710334268A CN 106932897 A CN106932897 A CN 106932897A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010207 Bayesian analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/106—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining a plurality of identical beams or images, e.g. image replication
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of quantum imaging method, quantum imaging system, belongs to quantum imaging technical field, and it can be solved in existing quantum imaging method, the problem of imaging effect difference.Quantum imaging method of the invention, including：Produce two beam chaotic laser lights；Chaotic laser light described in two beams is divided into the first flashlight and secondary signal light, and by the first signal light irradiation object；The first flashlight irradiated after object is associated measurement with the secondary signal light, association results are obtained；According to the association results, the phase information of object is obtained；According to the phase information of the object, the image of the object is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of quantum imaging, and particularly relates to a quantum imaging method and a quantum imaging system.
Background
Quantum optics is a rapidly growing field that attracts a great deal of attention. On one hand, people utilize some light quantum states to realize the processing processes of various quantum information such as quantum hidden state transmission, quantum keys, quantum computation, quantum precision measurement and the like; on the other hand, the heisenberg uncertainty relation in quantum mechanics determines that there is a limit to any measurement: standard quantum limit (SNL), also known as Shot Noise Limit (SNL). In addition to the standard quantum limit, there is a higher Heisenberg Limit (HL). Conventional measurement techniques do not reach this limit and only approach the quantum limit of the standard.
Quantum imaging is an important branch of quantum optics, and is a problem of studying the optical imaging limit that can be reached under the quantum characteristics of the optical field. Different from classical imaging, quantum imaging utilizes quantum mechanical properties of a light field and intrinsic parallel characteristics of the light field to develop a new optical imaging and quantum information parallel processing technology on a quantum level. Compared with the conventional optical imaging technology in which the image information of the target is obtained by recording the light intensity distribution of the radiation field, the quantum imaging is to obtain the image of the object by utilizing, controlling (or simulating) the quantum fluctuation of the radiation field.
However, the prior art has at least the following problems: in the existing quantum imaging method, a light source is divided into a beam of signal light and a beam of idle light, and imaging is performed only through the beam of signal light, so that the imaging effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a quantum imaging method and a quantum imaging system with better quantum imaging effect.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problem of the invention is a quantum imaging method, which comprises the following steps:
generating two beams of chaotic laser;
dividing the two beams of chaotic laser into a first signal light and a second signal light, and irradiating the first signal light to an object;
performing correlation measurement on the first signal light and the second signal light after the object is irradiated to obtain a correlation result;
acquiring phase information of the object according to the correlation result;
and obtaining an image of the object according to the phase information of the object.
Wherein the obtaining of the phase information of the object according to the correlation result includes:
and obtaining the phase information of the object by a Bayesian analysis algorithm according to the correlation result.
Wherein the obtaining an image of the object from the phase information of the object comprises:
and obtaining the image of the object by utilizing a digital signal processing technology according to the phase information of the object.
As another technical solution, the present invention also provides a quantum imaging system, including:
the laser is used for generating two beams of chaotic laser;
the first light splitting device is used for splitting the two beams of chaotic laser into first signal light and second signal light;
the optical mirror is used for reflecting the first signal light so that the first signal light irradiates an object and then emits to the second light splitting device; the second light splitting device is used for reflecting the second signal light so as to enable the second signal light to be emitted to the second light splitting device;
the second light splitting device is used for performing correlation measurement on the second signal light and the first signal light after the object is irradiated to obtain a correlation result;
the first detection device is used for acquiring the phase information of the object according to the correlation result and sending the phase information of the object to the data processing device;
the second detection device is used for acquiring the phase information of the second signal light and sending the phase information of the second signal light to the data processing device;
and the data processing device is used for obtaining the image of the object according to the phase information of the object.
Wherein the optical mirror includes: a first optical mirror and a second optical mirror;
the first optical mirror is used for reflecting the first signal light so that the first signal light irradiates an object and then emits the object to the second light splitting device;
and the second optical mirror is used for reflecting and transmitting the second signal light so that part of the second signal light is emitted to the second light splitting device, and the other part of the second signal light is emitted to the second detection device.
The first detection device is specifically configured to obtain the phase information of the object by using a bayesian analysis algorithm according to the correlation result, and send the phase information of the object to the data processing device.
The data processing device is specifically configured to obtain an image of the object by using a digital signal processing technique according to the phase information of the object.
In the quantum imaging method and the quantum imaging system of the present invention, the quantum imaging method includes: generating two beams of chaotic laser; dividing the two beams of chaotic laser into a first signal light and a second signal light, and irradiating the first signal light on an object; performing correlation measurement on the first signal light and the second signal light after the object is irradiated to obtain a correlation result; acquiring phase information of the object according to the correlation result; and obtaining an image of the object according to the phase information of the object. In the invention, by using two paths of signal light, more phase information can be obtained, and the quantum imaging effect is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a quantum imaging method of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a quantum imaging system of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a quantum imaging system of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
wherein the reference numerals are: 1. a laser; 2. a first light splitting device; 3. an optical mirror; 31. a first optical lens; 32. a second optical lens; 4. a second light splitting device; 5. a first detection device; 6. a data processing device; 7. a second detection device; s, an object.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a quantum imaging method, including:
and step S1, generating two beams of chaotic laser. Specifically, in the present embodiment, there are two chaotic laser sources, each of which generates one bundle of chaotic laser light, respectively.
Step S2, the two chaotic lasers are divided into a first signal light and a second signal light, and the first signal light is irradiated to the object.
In this embodiment, two chaotic lasers respectively irradiate a first light splitting device, the two chaotic lasers generate entanglement on the first light splitting device, each chaotic laser has part of light reflected and the other part of light transmitted, wherein the reflected light of the first chaotic laser and the transmitted light of the second chaotic laser form a first signal light, and the transmitted light of the first chaotic laser and the reflected light of the second chaotic laser form a second signal light; subsequently, the first signal light is irradiated onto the object.
For a quantum imaging system, its phase measurement accuracy lower limitMay be formed by Quantum Carm é r-Rao Bound (QCRB)Give a
Wherein, FQIs quantum fisher information.
For an ideal quantum system, the state of the quantum system can be described by the quantum state. The quantum state can be set by state vector of vector spaceinWhen the output state is a pure state,
the quantum fisher information can be simplified as follows:
FQ＝4(in＜Ψ′|Ψ′＞in-|in＜Ψ′|Ψ＞in|2).(2)
wherein,
obtaining the quantum Fisher information of the general input state of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer by using the formula
WhereinAndrespectively represent the light path passing through the first light splitting device, the light path passing through the phase shift, and the light path passing through the second light splitting device, wherein the three components are respectively:
wherein,an annihilation operator of two modes, a and b, respectively.
Equation (2) may be rewritten as:
when the input state of a signal light α is | α>1|0>2When usingAndthe quantum fisher information of the signal light α is
When the input state of the signal light alpha is a coherent vacuum state,
wherein,is the average photon number;
when the signal light input state is the current input state is | α >1|0>2+|0>1|β>2When using The quantum Fisher information of the two signal lights α and β is
Therefore, by comparing the formula (4) and the formula (5):
FQ,αβ＞FQ,αwherein α and β represent a signal light respectively.
As can be seen from the above formula, the quantum fisher information using the two signal lights is greater than the quantum fisher information using only one signal light in the prior art, that is, the phase information carried by the two signal lights is more, and therefore, in this embodiment, by using the two signal lights, more phase information can be obtained, and the quantum imaging effect is improved.
Step S3, performing correlation measurement on the first signal light and the second signal light after the object is irradiated, and obtaining a correlation result.
In step S4, phase information of the object is acquired based on the correlation result. Specifically, the phase information of the object is obtained through a Bayesian analysis algorithm according to the correlation result.
Step S4, obtaining the phase information of the object through the bayesian analysis algorithm specifically includes:
the Bayesian theory uses the following basic formula in the spectrum analysis:
wherein, H is the model to be tested, D is data, and I is prior information. P (H/I) is the prior probability of the model under the condition of giving prior information; p (D/I) is the prior probability of the data; p (D/H, I) is the direct probability of the data given the model and prior information.
The following formula (6) can be obtained:
it is desirable to obtain the phase of the objectPosterior probability density functionTherefore, the phase is obtained by integrating the number of photons n in the formula (6)Distribution function of
From the formulae (7), (8) and (9)
Phase setting positionHas a likelihood function of
At this time, the phaseCan be expressed as
Therefore, as long as a proper model equation is selected, phase estimation can be carried out according to the principle, and therefore phase information of the object is obtained.
In step S5, an image of the object is obtained based on the phase information of the object.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, post-processing of image feature detection based on phase information may be performed using a Digital Signal Processing (DSP) or the like technique according to the phase information of the object, thereby obtaining an image of the object.
The quantum imaging method of the embodiment comprises the following steps: generating two beams of chaotic laser; dividing the two beams of chaotic laser into a first signal light and a second signal light, and irradiating the first signal light on an object; performing correlation measurement on the first signal light and the second signal light after the object is irradiated to obtain a correlation result; acquiring phase information of the object according to the correlation result; and obtaining an image of the object according to the phase information of the object. Compared with the scheme of obtaining an object image by only adopting one path of signal light in the prior art, the quantum imaging method can obtain more phase information by using two paths of signal light, and improves the quantum imaging effect.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a quantum imaging system, including: the device comprises a laser 1, a first light splitting device 2, an optical mirror 3, a second light splitting device 4, a first detection device 5, a data processing device 6 and a second detection device 7.
The laser 1 is used for generating two beams of chaotic laser.
The first light splitting device 2 is used for splitting the two beams of chaotic laser into a first signal light and a second signal light.
The optical mirror 3 is used for reflecting the first signal light so that the first signal light irradiates the object S and then emits to the second light splitting device 4; for reflecting the second signal light so that the second signal light is directed to the second light splitting device 4.
The second light splitting device 4 is configured to perform correlation measurement on the second signal light and the first signal light after the object S is irradiated, so as to obtain a correlation result.
The first detection device 5 is configured to obtain the phase information of the object S according to the association result, and send the phase information of the object S to the data processing device 6.
The second detection device 7 is configured to acquire phase information of the second signal light and send the phase information of the second signal light to the data processing device 6.
The data processing device 6 is used for obtaining an image of the object S according to the phase information of the object S.
The first detecting device 5 is specifically configured to obtain the phase information of the object S by using a bayesian analysis algorithm according to the correlation result, and send the phase information of the object S to the data processing device 6.
The data processing device 6 is specifically configured to obtain an image of the object S by using a digital signal processing technique according to the phase information of the object S.
In the present embodiment, the optical mirror 3 is made of a reflective material, and can change the directions of the first signal light and the second signal light, so that both the first signal light and the second signal light are emitted to the second light splitting device 4.
The quantum imaging system of this embodiment is used to implement the quantum imaging method of embodiment 1, and for the detailed description, reference may be made to the quantum imaging method of embodiment 1, which is not described herein again.
Compared with the scheme that only one path of signal light is adopted to obtain an object image in the prior art, the quantum imaging system of the embodiment can obtain more phase information by using two paths of signal light, and the quantum imaging effect is improved.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a quantum imaging system, which has a similar structure to the quantum imaging system of embodiment 2, and the difference is that the optical lens 3 includes: a first optic 31 and a second optic 32.
The first optical mirror 31 is used for reflecting the first signal light so that the first signal light irradiates the object S and then is emitted to the second light splitting device 4.
The second optical mirror 32 is used for reflecting and transmitting the second signal light, so that a part of the second signal light is emitted to the second light splitting device 4, and another part of the second signal light is emitted to the second detection device 7.
In the present embodiment, the first optical mirror 31 is made of a reflective material; the second optical lens 32 is made of a material that can transmit and reflect light, so that the information of the second signal light can be pushed back by the transmitted light in the second signal light, and the light path setting can be greatly convenient. Of course, in the post-processing, the transmission condition and the transmission loss need to be fully considered, and the quantum imaging system of this embodiment needs to perform multiple tests, and perform correction with the test result of the standard optical path, which is not described herein again.
The quantum imaging system of this embodiment is used to implement the quantum imaging method of embodiment 1, and for the detailed description, reference may be made to the quantum imaging method of embodiment 1, which is not described herein again.
Compared with the scheme that only one path of signal light is adopted to obtain an object image in the prior art, the quantum imaging system of the embodiment can obtain more phase information by using two paths of signal light, and the quantum imaging effect is improved.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of quantum imaging, comprising:
generating two beams of chaotic laser;
dividing the two beams of chaotic laser into a first signal light and a second signal light, and irradiating the first signal light to an object;
performing correlation measurement on the first signal light and the second signal light after the object is irradiated to obtain a correlation result;
acquiring phase information of the object according to the correlation result;
and obtaining an image of the object according to the phase information of the object.
2. The quantum imaging method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining phase information of the object according to the correlation result comprises:
and obtaining the phase information of the object by a Bayesian analysis algorithm according to the correlation result.
3. The quantum imaging method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining an image of the object from the phase information of the object comprises:
and obtaining the image of the object by utilizing a digital signal processing technology according to the phase information of the object.
4. A quantum imaging system, comprising:
the laser is used for generating two beams of chaotic laser;
the first light splitting device is used for splitting the two beams of chaotic laser into first signal light and second signal light;
the optical mirror is used for reflecting the first signal light so that the first signal light irradiates an object and then emits to the second light splitting device; the second light splitting device is used for reflecting the second signal light so as to enable the second signal light to be emitted to the second light splitting device;
the second light splitting device is used for performing correlation measurement on the second signal light and the first signal light after the object is irradiated to obtain a correlation result;
the first detection device is used for acquiring the phase information of the object according to the correlation result and sending the phase information of the object to the data processing device;
the second detection device is used for acquiring the phase information of the second signal light and sending the phase information of the second signal light to the data processing device;
and the data processing device is used for obtaining the image of the object according to the phase information of the object.
5. The quantum imaging system of claim 4, wherein the optical mirror comprises: a first optical mirror and a second optical mirror;
the first optical mirror is used for reflecting the first signal light so that the first signal light irradiates an object and then emits the object to the second light splitting device;
and the second optical mirror is used for reflecting and transmitting the second signal light so that part of the second signal light is emitted to the second light splitting device, and the other part of the second signal light is emitted to the second detection device.
6. The quantum imaging system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the first detecting device is specifically configured to obtain the phase information of the object by using a Bayesian analysis algorithm according to the correlation result, and send the phase information of the object to the data processing device.
7. The quantum imaging system of claim 4 or 5, wherein the data processing device is configured to obtain the image of the object by using a digital signal processing technique based on the phase information of the object.
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| CN110568613A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-13 | 清华大学 | Quantum imaging method and quantum imaging system |
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Application publication date: 20170707 |