CN106930905B - Method and system for controlling ice-loaded operation safety of blades of wind generating set - Google Patents
Method and system for controlling ice-loaded operation safety of blades of wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN106930905B CN106930905B CN201710280422.2A CN201710280422A CN106930905B CN 106930905 B CN106930905 B CN 106930905B CN 201710280422 A CN201710280422 A CN 201710280422A CN 106930905 B CN106930905 B CN 106930905B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
A wind generating set blade ice-loading operation safety control method based on blade mode detection comprises the following steps: a) Triggering the start and the exit of the blade ice-load operation safety control system according to the weather environment judgment signal; b) Judging the ice-carrying operation risk level of the blade according to the total ice-coating weight of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P; c) And outputting a unit power control signal according to the blade ice-load operation risk level, selecting a preset power limit value corresponding to the blade ice-load operation risk level, and stopping the unit operation when the blade ice-load operation risk level is judged to be dangerous. And a wind generating set blade ice-loading operation safety control system based on blade mode detection is provided. The invention avoids serious accidents such as cracking, breaking, collapse and the like of the blade caused by ice-carrying operation of the blade, effectively ensures the operation safety of the unit, improves the operation reliability of the unit and improves the generated energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wind generating set blade ice-load operation safety control method and system based on blade mode detection. The method is mainly applied to operation safety control of the large wind generating set in a freezing environment, can avoid serious accidents such as cracking and breaking of the blades, collapse of the set and the like caused by ice-carrying operation of the blades, improves the operation safety of the set, and improves the operation reliability of the set.
Background
Most wind power plants in the south of China have icing phenomena in winter and early spring, particularly in regions such as cloud and precious plateau, guangxi, hubei, hunan and the like, the atmospheric temperature is low, the humidity is high, and the wind power generator set frequently generates blade ice-load running conditions in the running process. Blade icing is primarily concentrated near the blade leading edge, resulting in a change in blade airfoil geometry and a decrease in blade output performance. When the icing is more and more, the weight difference of the three blades is larger, the serious unbalanced moment is generated on the wind wheel, the running load of the blades is extremely high, serious faults such as cracking and breaking of the blades are caused, the natural frequency of the whole wind turbine is even stimulated, collapse occurs, and the running safety of the wind turbine generator set is seriously influenced.
The prior art mainly focuses on the blade deicing technology, and mainly comprises a blade inner cavity hot blast deicing technology and a blade front edge electric heating film layering deicing technology. The blade deicing technology requires equipment installation before leaving the factory of the blade, and is difficult to install deicing equipment for the running wind turbine generator, if the deicing equipment is not available, only shutdown protection can be adopted under the condition that the blade is covered with ice, so that batch wind turbine generator systems can be stopped for a long time in winter and early spring, and the generated energy of the wind turbine generator systems is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the existing wind turbine generator system blade can only adopt shutdown protection under the condition of icing, and reduce the generated energy, the invention provides a wind turbine generator system blade ice-load operation safety control method and system based on blade mode detection, which avoid serious accidents such as blade cracking, breakage, unit collapse and the like caused by blade ice-load operation, effectively ensure the operation safety and unit operation reliability of the unit, and improve the generated energy.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a wind turbine generator system blade ice-load operation safety control method based on blade mode detection, the method comprising:
a) Triggering the start and the exit of the blade ice-load operation safety control system according to the weather environment judgment signal;
b) Judging the ice-carrying operation risk level of the blade according to the total weight of the wind ice and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P;
c) And outputting a unit power control signal according to the blade ice-load operation risk level, selecting a preset power limit value corresponding to the blade ice-load operation risk level, and stopping the unit operation when the blade ice-load operation risk level is judged to be dangerous.
In step b), a blade ice-carrying operation risk level and a power control strategy are provided, different blade ice-carrying operation risk levels are determined according to different total ice-coating weights of the wind wheel and wind wheel rotation 1P vibration acceleration amplitudes, and power limit values are set according to different levels.
A wind turbine generator system blade ice-load operation safety control system based on blade mode detection, the system comprising:
the weather environment detection module is used for calculating weather icing environment judgment signals according to the atmospheric temperature data and the atmospheric humidity data;
the blade mode detection module is used for detecting first-order natural frequencies of blades, calculating the icing weight of each blade, and further calculating the total icing weight of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the rotation 1P of the wind wheel;
the blade ice-carrying operation safety control module is used for triggering the starting and the exiting of the blade ice-carrying operation safety control system of the wind generating set according to the weather icing environment judging signal; and obtaining a unit power control signal according to the total ice coating weight of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P.
Further, in the blade ice-carrying operation safety control module, blade ice-carrying operation risk levels and power control strategies are given, different blade ice-carrying operation risk levels are determined according to different total ice-coating weights of wind wheels and wind wheel rotation 1P vibration acceleration amplitudes, and power limit values are set according to different levels.
Still further, the weather environment detection module includes an atmospheric temperature sensor, an atmospheric humidity sensor, and an weather icing environment determination module that calculate weather icing environment determination signals from the atmospheric temperature data and the atmospheric humidity data.
The meteorological environment detection module is arranged on the outer side of the tail part of the cabin cover of the wind generating set.
The blade mode detection module comprises a fiber grating vibration sensor, a fiber grating demodulator and a vibration signal processor, converts fiber grating vibration signals into vibration electric signal data, calculates first-order natural frequencies of blades according to the blade vibration data, further calculates the icing weight of each blade, and further calculates the total icing weight of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotating 1P.
The fiber bragg grating vibration sensor is arranged in the inner cavity of the blade, and the fiber bragg grating demodulator and the vibration signal processor are arranged on the hub.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following steps: the wind turbine generator can automatically detect and judge whether the meteorological environment is frozen, and can formulate different operation safety control schemes according to the total ice coating weight of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P, so that serious accidents such as cracking and breaking of blades, collapse of the wind turbine generator and the like caused by ice-carrying operation of the blades can be avoided, the operation safety of the wind turbine generator is improved, and the operation reliability of the wind turbine generator is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator system blade ice-load operation safety control system based on blade mode detection according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a blade mode detection module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a wind turbine generator system blade ice-load operation safety control system based on blade mode detection.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a wind turbine generator system blade ice-loading operation safety control method based on blade mode detection, the method comprises the following steps:
a) Triggering the starting and the exiting of the blade freezing operation safety control system according to the weather environment judging signal;
b) Judging the ice-carrying operation risk level of the blade according to the total ice-coating weight of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P;
c) And outputting a unit power control signal according to the blade ice-load operation risk level, selecting a preset power limit value corresponding to the blade ice-load operation risk level, and stopping the unit operation when the blade ice-load operation risk level is judged to be dangerous.
In step b), a blade ice-carrying operation risk level and a power control strategy are provided, different blade ice-carrying operation risk levels are determined according to different total ice-coating weights of the wind wheel and wind wheel rotation 1P vibration acceleration amplitudes, and power limit values are set according to different levels.
A wind turbine generator system blade ice-load operation safety control system based on blade mode detection, the system comprising:
the weather environment detection module is used for calculating weather icing environment judgment signals according to the atmospheric temperature data and the atmospheric humidity data;
the blade mode detection module is used for detecting first-order natural frequencies of blades, calculating the icing weight of each blade, and further calculating the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P;
the blade ice-carrying operation safety control module is used for triggering the starting and the exiting of the blade ice-carrying operation safety control system of the wind generating set according to the weather icing environment judging signal; and obtaining a unit power control signal according to different total weight of ice covered by the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P.
Further, in the blade ice-carrying operation safety control module, blade ice-carrying operation risk levels and power control strategies are given, different blade ice-carrying operation risk levels are determined according to different total ice-coating weights of wind wheels and wind wheel rotation 1P vibration acceleration amplitudes, and power limit values are set according to different levels.
The schematic diagram of the blade ice-load operation safety control system of the wind generating set in this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and mainly includes a meteorological environment detection module 3, a blade mode detection module 2 and a blade ice-load operation safety control module 4, in which fig. 1 is a fiber grating vibration sensor. The meteorological icing environment judgment signal detected by the meteorological environment detection module is input into the blade ice-carrying operation safety control module, the blade mode detection module detects first-order natural frequencies of blades, calculates icing weight of each blade, further calculates total weight of icing of a wind wheel and vibration acceleration amplitude of rotation 1P of the wind wheel, inputs the total weight of icing of the wind wheel into the blade ice-carrying operation safety control module, and the ice-carrying operation safety control module outputs a unit power control signal according to different total weights of icing of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of rotation 1P of the wind wheel.
The weather environment detection module is arranged on the outer side of the tail part of the cabin cover of the wind generating set and consists of an atmospheric temperature sensor, an atmospheric humidity sensor and a weather icing environment judgment module, and calculates weather icing environment judgment signals according to atmospheric temperature data and atmospheric humidity data, and the weather icing environment judgment signals are used for triggering the starting and the exiting of the blade ice-carrying operation safety control system of the wind generating set.
Further, the weather icing environment judging module is used for judging whether the weather icing environment is the same as the weather icing environment,
examples: and according to the atmospheric humidity (RH) of more than or equal to 85 percent and the atmospheric temperature (DEG C) of less than or equal to 2 ℃, judging that the environment is frozen, and starting the blade ice-carrying operation safety control system of the wind generating set. And according to the atmospheric humidity (RH) <85% or the atmospheric temperature (DEG C) >2 ℃, judging that the environment is not frozen, and exiting the wind turbine generator set ice-running safety control system.
The schematic diagram of the blade mode detection module is shown in fig. 2, and the blade mode detection module comprises a fiber grating vibration sensor 21, a fiber grating demodulator and a vibration signal processor 22, wherein the fiber grating vibration sensor is arranged in the inner cavity of the blade, and the fiber grating demodulator and the vibration signal processor are arranged on the hub. The blade mode detection module includes: and converting the fiber bragg grating vibration signals into vibration electric signal data, calculating first-order natural frequencies of the blades according to the blade vibration data, further calculating the icing weight of each blade, and further calculating the total icing weight of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotating 1P.
Further, the ice coating weight of each blade is calculated according to the first-order natural frequency of the blade, and can be obtained according to the formula (1.1) (1.2):
wherein k is the rigidity coefficient of the blade, and the blade is under the condition of no ice coatingMass is m 0 Its natural frequency is f 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Under the icing condition, the natural frequency f of the icing blade is calculated through the vibration electric signal data 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the From equation (1.2) the mass m of the iceblades can be deduced 1 By comparing m 1 And m 0 The ice coating weight can be calculated.
Further, the wind wheel rotation 1P vibration acceleration amplitude can be solved by the following equation:
wherein M is the mass of the wind wheel system, C is the damping of the wind wheel system, K is the rigidity of the wind wheel system, and after each unit is designed, the three parameters are all known values;is the centrifugal force generated by the ice coating mass,wherein m is i Is the ice-coating mass of the ith blade, r is the distance from the mass center of the blade to the rotation center of the wind wheel, and ω is the rotation angular velocity of the wind wheel; wherein a is the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P, v is the vibration speed of the wind wheel rotation 1P, and x is the vibration displacement of the wind wheel rotation 1P.
The structural block diagram of the blade ice-carrying operation safety control module system is shown in fig. 3, and comprises: triggering the starting and the exiting of the blade freezing operation safety control system according to the weather environment judging signal of the weather environment detection module; judging the ice-carrying operation risk level of the blade according to the total ice-coating weight of different wind wheels and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P; and outputting a unit power control signal according to the ice-carrying operation risk level of the blade. Table 1 lists the ice-borne operation risk level and power control strategy of a certain 2MW wind generating set blade
TABLE 1 blade ice-on-demand operational risk level and power control strategy for a 2MW wind turbine generator system
The blade freezing operation safety control module and method are used for formulating different operation control strategies according to the operation risk level, and the operation control strategies are shown in a table 1. Under the condition that the blades are lightly iced, the total weight of the iced wind wheel is less than 25kg, the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel of the unit rotating 1P is smaller, and the power of the unit is limited in the range of 0.7 times of rated power. Under the condition of moderate icing of the blade, the total weight of the icing of the wind wheel is between 25kg and 50kg, the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P of the unit is at a moderate level, and the unit power is limited within the range of 0.5 times of rated power. Under the condition that the blades are heavily iced, the total weight of the iced wind wheel is between 50kg and 100kg, the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P of the unit is at a higher level, and the unit power is limited within the range of 0.3 times of rated power. Under the dangerous condition that the blade is covered with ice, the machine set should be shut down for protection, the survivability of the machine set under severe environment is improved, and the design life of the machine set is ensured.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the above-described embodiment or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof by those skilled in the art. Any amendments, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A wind generating set blade ice-loading operation safety control method based on blade mode detection is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step a), according to the weather environment judging signal, triggering the start and exit of the blade ice-load operation safety control system;
step b), judging the ice-carrying operation risk level of the blade according to the total ice-coating weight of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P;
step c), outputting a unit power control signal according to the blade ice-load operation risk level, selecting a preset power limit value corresponding to the blade ice-load operation risk level, and stopping the unit operation when the blade ice-load operation risk level is judged to be dangerous;
in the step b), a blade ice-carrying operation risk level and a power control strategy are given, different blade ice-carrying operation risk levels are determined according to different total ice-coating weights of the wind wheel and wind wheel rotation 1P vibration acceleration amplitudes, and power limit values are set according to different levels;
the icing weight of each blade is calculated according to the first-order natural frequency of the blade, and the icing weight is obtained according to the formula (1.1) (1.2):
wherein k is the rigidity coefficient of the blade, and the mass of the blade is m under the condition of no ice coating 0 Its natural frequency is f 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Under the icing condition, the natural frequency f of the icing blade is calculated through the vibration electric signal data 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Deriving the mass m of the iced blade from the formula (1.2) 1 By comparing m 1 And m 0 Calculating the weight of the ice coating;
the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P is solved by the following equation:
wherein M is the mass of the wind wheel system, C is the damping of the wind wheel system, K is the rigidity of the wind wheel system, and after each unit is designed, the three parameters are all known values;is the centrifugal force generated by the ice coating mass, +.>Wherein m is i Is the ice-coating mass of the ith blade, r is the distance from the mass center of the blade to the rotation center of the wind wheel, and ω is the rotation angular velocity of the wind wheel; wherein a is the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P, v is the vibration speed of the wind wheel rotation 1P, and x is the vibration displacement of the wind wheel rotation 1P.
2. A system for implementing the wind turbine generator system blade ice-load operation safety control method based on blade mode detection according to claim 1, wherein: the system comprises:
the weather environment detection module is used for calculating weather icing environment judgment signals according to the atmospheric temperature data and the atmospheric humidity data;
the blade mode detection module is used for detecting first-order natural frequencies of blades, calculating the icing weight of each blade, and further calculating the total icing weight of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the rotation 1P of the wind wheel;
the blade ice-carrying operation safety control module is used for triggering the starting and the exiting of the blade ice-carrying operation safety control system of the wind generating set according to the weather icing environment judging signal; and obtaining a unit power control signal according to the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotation 1P.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein: in the blade ice-carrying operation safety control module, the blade ice-carrying operation risk level and the power control strategy are given, different blade ice-carrying operation risk levels are determined according to different total ice-coating weights of wind wheels and wind wheel rotation 1P vibration acceleration amplitudes, and power limit values are set according to different levels.
4. A system as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein: the weather environment detection module comprises an atmospheric temperature sensor, an atmospheric humidity sensor and a weather icing environment judgment module, and weather icing environment judgment signals are calculated according to the atmospheric temperature data and the atmospheric humidity data.
5. The system as recited in claim 4, wherein: the meteorological environment detection module is arranged on the outer side of the tail part of the cabin cover of the wind generating set.
6. A system as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein: the blade mode detection module comprises a fiber grating vibration sensor, a fiber grating demodulator and a vibration signal processor, converts fiber grating vibration signals into vibration electric signal data, calculates first-order natural frequencies of blades according to the blade vibration data, further calculates the icing weight of each blade, and further calculates the total icing weight of the wind wheel and the vibration acceleration amplitude of the wind wheel rotating 1P.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein: the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor is arranged in the inner cavity of the blade, and the fiber bragg grating demodulator and the vibration signal processor are arranged on the hub.
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| CN201710280422.2A CN106930905B (en) | 2017-04-26 | 2017-04-26 | Method and system for controlling ice-loaded operation safety of blades of wind generating set |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107870377A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-04-03 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Fixing device and method for meteorological sensor outside nacelle of wind turbine generator set |
| CN107620681A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-23 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Heating control system and method for blade of wind generating set |
| CN107829888B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2023-10-03 | 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 | Partition type hot air blower heating wind generating set blade deicing method and system |
| CN109973332A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 浙江中自庆安新能源技术有限公司 | Blade of wind-driven generator icing on-line monitoring method and device |
| CN111188742A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-22 | 新疆华电苇湖梁新能源有限公司 | Wind generating set blade icing detection method based on optical fiber acceleration sensor |
| CN113915080A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-11 | 四川建筑职业技术学院 | Blade icing operation detection and control method for wind generating set |
| CN116624347B (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2024-04-26 | 华润电力技术研究院有限公司 | Method, system and device for monitoring icing of fan blade |
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