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CN106908856B - Earthquake prediction method for lake facies thin-layer dolomite reservoir - Google Patents

Earthquake prediction method for lake facies thin-layer dolomite reservoir Download PDF

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CN106908856B
CN106908856B CN201710038743.1A CN201710038743A CN106908856B CN 106908856 B CN106908856 B CN 106908856B CN 201710038743 A CN201710038743 A CN 201710038743A CN 106908856 B CN106908856 B CN 106908856B
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reservoir
individual well
curve
well reservoir
dolomite
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CN106908856A (en
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袁淑琴
熊金良
周立宏
祝文亮
肖敦清
柴公权
姜文亚
孔德博
周淑慧
杨帆
纪建铮
陈璞
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V11/00Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a seismic prediction method for a lake facies thin-layer dolomite reservoir, and relates to the field of geological engineering in the petroleum industry. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a seismic data body of a target reservoir region and a rock slice of a single-well reservoir; performing microscopic analysis on the rock slices to obtain the dolomite reservoir distribution of the single-well reservoir; obtaining a logging curve of the single-well reservoir through a logging method, and obtaining a logging curve sensitive to the dolomite reservoir reaction of the single-well reservoir; establishing a logging identification template according to the logging curve sensitive to the dolomite reservoir reaction of the single-well reservoir; and loading the logging identification template into the seismic data body, and predicting the distribution of the dolomite reservoir in the target reservoir region. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention can predict the lake facies thin-layer dolomite reservoir with the single-layer thickness of about 0.5-1.5 m, overcome the limitation of the thin-layer dolomite seismic resolution, accurately predict the thin-layer dolomite reservoir seismic and improve the drilling success rate.

Description

A kind of earthquake prediction method of lacustrine facies thin layer dolostone reservoirs
Technical field
The present invention relates to petroleum industry Geological Engineering field, in particular to a kind of earthquake of lacustrine facies thin layer dolostone reservoirs is pre- Survey method.
Background technique
Lacustrine facies thin layer dolomite large area in Continental Basins In China is distributed, since thickness in monolayer is at 0.5-1.5 meters or so, Thickness is very thin, and Lithology Discrimination is difficult with earthquake prediction.Petroleum geology expert is a kind of not yet both at home and abroad at present is used to know Not and prediction the dolomitic effective ways of lacustrine facies thin layer, only qualitatively identify and predict, the factor theoretically considered compared with The shake of more, not excessive consideration actual well drilled situations, i.e. well does not combine well, thus causes certain application office Limit.For example, 10 meters of earthquake prediction dolomite thickness, but actually drilling well dolomite thickness is by 0.5-1.5 meters of multi-thin-layer What dolomite and mud stone alternating layers formed.
Summary of the invention
In order to which preferably lacustrine facies thin layer dolostone reservoirs are identified and are predicted, the present invention provide it is a kind of using it is qualitative with Quantitative approach combines the earthquake prediction method for carrying out lacustrine facies thin layer dolostone reservoirs.
Specifically, including technical solution below:
A kind of earthquake prediction method of lacustrine facies thin layer dolostone reservoirs, the method includes:
Obtain the seismic data cube in target reservoir region and the petrographic thin section of individual well reservoir;
Micro-analysis is carried out to the petrographic thin section, obtains the dolostone reservoirs distribution of the individual well reservoir;
The log that the individual well reservoir is obtained by logging method, in conjunction with the dolostone reservoirs point of the individual well reservoir Cloth obtains the sensitive log of the dolostone reservoirs reaction to the individual well reservoir;
According to the sensitive log of the dolostone reservoirs reaction to the individual well reservoir, well logging recognition mould is established Plate;
The well logging recognition template is loaded into the seismic data cube, predicts the dolomite in the target reservoir region The distribution of reservoir.
Preferably, described that micro-analysis is carried out to the petrographic thin section, obtain the dolostone reservoirs point of the individual well reservoir Cloth includes:Description mineralogical composition, content, cement type are observed according to drill cores, the lithology of the individual well reservoir is differentiated, knows Not Chu the individual well reservoir dolostone reservoirs distribution.
Preferably, the means of the drill cores observation include:Petrographic thin section under mirror, casting body flake, fluorescence thin section analysis, Scanning electron microscope, cathodoluminescence analysis.
Further, the sensitive log of the dolostone reservoirs reaction to the individual well reservoir includes:From Right gamma curve, interval transit time curve, compensated neutron curve, density curve and resistivity curve.
Further, the dolostone reservoirs to the individual well reservoir react corresponding to for the sensitive log The individual well reservoir dolostone reservoirs distribution value range be:The natural gamma value of the natural gamma curve 30~ Between 60API, the sound wave value of the interval transit time curve is between 210~270 μ s/m, in the compensation of the compensated neutron curve Subvalue is between 20~34PU, and the density value of the density curve is in 2.35~2.65g/cm3Between, the resistivity curve Resistivity value is greater than 6 Ω m.
Preferably, the log for establishing the well logging recognition template includes:When natural gamma curve, sound wave Poor curve, density curve.
Preferably, the mathematical model for establishing the well logging recognition template is:Z=DEN/ (△ GR* (AC/ACmax) * 4) , wherein , ⊿ GR=(GR-GRmin)/(GRmax-GRmin);
Z indicates reconstruct curve values;
DEN refers to the density value under a certain predetermined depth of the individual well reservoir;
AC refers to the sound wave value under a certain predetermined depth of the individual well reservoir;
GR refers to the natural gamma value under a certain predetermined depth of the individual well reservoir;
ACmax refers to the maximum value of the dolomite section sound wave of the individual well reservoir;
GRmax refers to the maximum value of the dolomite section natural gamma of the individual well reservoir;
GRmin refers to the minimum value of the dolomite section natural gamma of the individual well reservoir.
Further, described that the well logging recognition template is loaded into the seismic data cube, predict the target storage The distribution of the dolostone reservoirs of layer region includes:
After the well logging recognition template is loaded into the seismic data cube, in the seismic data cube described in explanation The top bottom interface of the dolostone reservoirs in target reservoir region;
Extract the seismic properties in the top bottom interface, point of the dolostone reservoirs in target reservoir region described in qualitative forecasting Cloth range;
Application of Logging-constrained Inversion is carried out in the distribution, the dolostone reservoirs in target reservoir region described in quantitative forecast Distribution.
The beneficial effect of technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention:It provides a kind of shake by well and combines prediction dolomite The earthquake prediction method of the lacustrine facies thin layer dolostone reservoirs of reservoir distribution.Specifically, first by using drill cores, thin slice number According to judging the type of individual well reservoir, then combined with the well-log information of individual well reservoir, it is regular that foundation meets " lithology-electrical property " Well logging recognition template, then carry out well shake and combine, by seismic properties and Application of Logging-constrained Inversion carry out dolostone reservoirs it is qualitative with Quantitative forecast.Thickness in monolayer can be predicted in 0.5-1.5 meters or so lacustrine facies thin layer white clouds in prediction technique provided in an embodiment of the present invention Rock reservoir overcomes the limitation of thin layer dolomite seismic resolution, can accurately carry out thin layer dolostone reservoirs earthquake prediction, improves and bores Well success rate.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow of lacustrine facies thin layer dolostone reservoirs earthquake prediction method provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure.
Specific embodiment
To keep technical solution of the present invention and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment of the present invention make into One step it is described in detail.Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used in the embodiment of the present invention all have and art technology The normally understood identical meaning of personnel.
The present invention provides a kind of earthquake prediction method of lacustrine facies thin layer dolostone reservoirs, and referring to Fig. 1, this method includes as follows Step:
Step 101:Obtain the seismic data cube in target reservoir region and the petrographic thin section of individual well reservoir;
Specifically, it can be blown out by field, receiver receives to obtain seismic data, and the heart is carried out with computer in processes The processing of seismic data obtains corresponding seismic data cube.Obtain ground at the same time it can also which data volume is added in interpretation software Shake is explained.
The rock core or landwaste of target reservoir section can be collected by drilling well, petrographic thin section is polished by specialty analysis chemical examination, Obtain the petrographic thin section of individual well reservoir.
Step 102:Micro-analysis is carried out to the petrographic thin section, obtains the dolostone reservoirs distribution of the individual well reservoir;
Micro-analysis under mirror is carried out to individual well petrographic thin section using microscope.It can be thin by petrographic thin section, the body of casting under mirror The data that piece, fluorescence thin section analysis, scanning electron microscope, cathodoluminescence analysis etc. obtain, to describe the mineralogical composition of petrographic thin section, contain Amount, cement type differentiate lithology, structure and hole, the fractured situation of individual well reservoir, and then by different depth The petrographic thin section at place carries out micro-analysis, identifies the dolostone reservoirs distribution of individual well reservoir.
Further, micro-analysis, available target reservoir area are carried out to the individual wells that bored several in target reservoir region The dolostone reservoirs of several individual well reservoirs in domain are distributed.It should be noted that workload is very big since drilling well is very more for the whole district, So several mouthfuls of representational wells can also be selected to carry out micro-analysis under construction and sedimentation setting different in target area respectively.
Step 103:The log that the individual well reservoir is obtained by logging method, in conjunction with the white clouds of the individual well reservoir Rock reservoir distribution obtains the sensitive log of the dolostone reservoirs reaction to the individual well reservoir;
Specifically, after planned well depth depth is got into drilling well, it can use the manufacture of the physical principles such as electricity, magnetic, sound, heat, core Various loggers record ground electrical measuring instrument can continuously along pit shaft with change in depth by logging cable G.I.H Various parameters, obtain the log of individual well reservoir, and the log of obtained all kinds of individual well reservoirs can be used for identifying underground Rock stratum, such as oil, gas and water layer, coal seam, metalliferous deposit.
By the log of the individual well reservoir obtained by logging method, it is distributed and ties with the dolostone reservoirs of individual well reservoir It closes, it is bent by the way that the sensitive well logging of the dolostone reservoirs reaction to individual well reservoir in such a way that same depth is compared, can be obtained Line.The curve sensitive to dolostone reservoirs reaction, can significantly reflect dolomitic characteristic on well-log information.Wherein, right The curve that the dolostone reservoirs reaction of individual well reservoir is sensitive includes:(Gamma Ray curve, i.e. GR are bent for natural gamma curve Line), interval transit time curve (Acoustic time curve, i.e. AC curve), compensated neutron curve (Compensation Neutron curve, i.e. CN curve), density curve (Densimentric curve, i.e. DEN curve) and resistivity curve (Resistivity curve, i.e. RT curve).The feature of the curve sensitive to the reaction of the dolostone reservoirs of individual well reservoir is:From Low state (30~60API) is presented in right gamma GR curve, and interval transit time AC curve is in low state (210~270 μ s/m), mends Neutron CN curve is repaid in low state (20~34PU), density DEN curve shows (2.35~2.65g/cm3), resistance in high level Rate RT curve shows (R in high level>6 Ω m), i.e. " three low two is high " state.
Step 104:According to the sensitive log of the dolostone reservoirs reaction to the individual well reservoir, well logging is established Recognition template;
AC, DEN, GR, RT, CN any one curve all can not accurately, clearly identify dolomite, therefore, it is necessary to combine A variety of curve matchings go out a dolomite indicatrix to identify to dolomite.Normally, may be selected AC, DEN, GR, RT, Any 2~4 curves in CN establish template by different mathematical models, obtain different reconstruct Z value curves, pass through ratio To Z value curve and dolomitic corresponding relationship, most reasonable template is selected, as reflects dolomite " lithology-electrical property " rule Well logging recognition template.
It should be noted that during establishing template, by will sensitively reflect dolomitic signature logging Curve values are amplified as far as possible, fit a white clouds for reflecting that insensitive log value reduces as far as possible to dolomite lithology Rock feature indicative curve, for identification dolomite stratigraph position.
In the present embodiment, selected mathematical model includes:
Model one:Z=10000*RT*DEN/ (AC*GR);
Model two:Z=DEN*RT/ ((AC/AC mud) * △ GR);
Model three:Z=DEN*/((AC/AC mud) * △ GR);
Model four:Z=DEN/ (△ GR* (AC/ACmax) * 4).
Wherein , ⊿ GR=(GR-GRmin)/(GRmax-GRmin)
Z indicates reconstruct curve values;
AC refers to the sound wave value under a certain predetermined depth of individual well reservoir;
DEN refers to the density value under a certain predetermined depth of individual well reservoir;
RT refers to the resistivity value under a certain predetermined depth of individual well reservoir;
GR refers to the natural gamma value under a certain predetermined depth of individual well reservoir;
AC mud refers to the sound wave value of the muddy intercalation of individual well reservoir;
ACmax refers to the maximum value of the dolomite section sound wave of individual well reservoir;
GRmax refers to the maximum value of the dolomite section natural gamma of individual well reservoir;
GRmin refers to the minimum value of the dolomite section natural gamma of individual well reservoir;
By calculating the Z value curve of above four kinds of models, different Z value curves are compared with dolomitic relationship respectively It is right, verified, model four:The reconstruct curve Z value of Z=DEN/ (△ GR* (AC/ACmax) * 4) and dolomitic corresponding relationship are most To be reasonable, therefore select the well logging recognition template of model foundation " lithology-electrical property " rule.It is somebody's turn to do the survey of " lithology-electrical property " rule Well recognition template is by increasing AC value weight, opposite reduction GR value weight, solve thin dolomite stratigraph GR value by shoulder effect compared with Greatly, the problem of causing GR excessive, being unable to respond dolomite lithology.The modelling effect is preferable, can preferably separate transition rock with Dolomite separation, meanwhile, the dolomitic number of plies of Z Curves Recognition, thickness are consistent with fixed well result, have well solved dolomite The problem of thin layer identifies.
Reconstruct curve has uniform range, compares convenient for the whole district.And reconstruct curve codomain is as small as possible, is convenient for later period earthquake solution Release application.
In addition, should be noted during the well logging recognition template of foundation " lithology-electrical property " rule:
(1) model foundation element:Using model validation as first choice, based on petrophysical well logging reaction, build Vertical pure mathematics model, does not consider the geological Significance of model temporarily.Link closely geological research analysis results, sufficiently applies and embodies white clouds The characteristics of rock " three low two is high ".It is preferential to choose the log more sensitive to dolomite reaction, and (lithology is removed to ground environment Insensitive log outside);Reduce the weight of log easily affected by environment.Amplify dolomitic high-value signal (RT, DEN), dolomite lower value signals (GR, AC) is reduced, it is therefore an objective to increase the electrical property difference of dolomite Yu other lithology.
(2) model optimum principle:Well logs are made full use of as far as possible.Improve the discrimination to thin layer.Subtract as far as possible The non-rock character interference of few country rock interference and reduction stratum.Convenient to carry out, reducing treatment people subjective factor influences.
Step 105:The well logging recognition template is loaded into the seismic data cube, predicts the target reservoir region Dolostone reservoirs distribution.
Specifically, after well logging recognition template being loaded into seismic data cube, the objective of interpretation reservoir in seismic data cube The top bottom interface of the dolostone reservoirs in region;
Extract the seismic properties in the bottom interface of top, the distribution of the dolostone reservoirs in qualitative forecasting target reservoir region;
Application of Logging-constrained Inversion, the distribution model of the dolostone reservoirs in quantitative forecast target reservoir region are carried out in distribution It encloses.
Method provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be predicted thickness in monolayer and store up in 0.5-1.5 meters or so lacustrine facies thin layer dolomites Layer, overcomes the limitation of thin layer dolomite seismic resolution, can accurately carry out thin layer dolostone reservoirs earthquake prediction, improve drilling well at Power.
The above is merely for convenience of it will be understood by those skilled in the art that technical solution of the present invention, not to limit The present invention.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in this Within the protection scope of invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of earthquake prediction method of lacustrine facies thin layer dolostone reservoirs, which is characterized in that the method includes:
Obtain the seismic data cube in target reservoir region and the petrographic thin section of individual well reservoir;
Micro-analysis is carried out to the petrographic thin section, obtains the dolostone reservoirs distribution of the individual well reservoir;
The log that the individual well reservoir is obtained by logging method is distributed in conjunction with the dolostone reservoirs of the individual well reservoir, Obtain the sensitive log of the dolostone reservoirs reaction to the individual well reservoir;
According to the sensitive log of the dolostone reservoirs reaction to the individual well reservoir, well logging recognition template is established;
The well logging recognition template is loaded into the seismic data cube, predicts the dolostone reservoirs in the target reservoir region Distribution;
Wherein, the sensitive log of the dolostone reservoirs reaction to the individual well reservoir includes:Natural gamma is bent Line, interval transit time curve, compensated neutron curve, density curve and resistivity curve;
The sensitive log of the dolostone reservoirs reaction to the individual well reservoir corresponds to the individual well reservoir Dolostone reservoirs distribution value range be:The natural gamma value of the natural gamma curve is described between 30~60API The sound wave value of interval transit time curve is between 210~270 μ s/m, and the compensated neutron value of the compensated neutron curve is in 20~34PU Between, the density value of the density curve is in 2.35~2.65g/cm3Between, the resistivity value of the resistivity curve is greater than 6 Ω·m;
The log for establishing the well logging recognition template includes:Natural gamma curve, interval transit time curve, density Curve;
Mathematical model for establishing the well logging recognition template is:Z=DEN/ (△ GR* (AC/ACmax) * 4) , wherein , ⊿ GR =(GR-GRmin)/(GRmax-GRmin);
Z indicates reconstruct curve values;
DEN refers to the density value under a certain predetermined depth of the individual well reservoir;
AC refers to the sound wave value under a certain predetermined depth of the individual well reservoir;
GR refers to the natural gamma value under a certain predetermined depth of the individual well reservoir;
ACmax refers to the maximum value of the dolomite section sound wave of the individual well reservoir;
GRmax refers to the maximum value of the dolomite section natural gamma of the individual well reservoir;
GRmin refers to the minimum value of the dolomite section natural gamma of the individual well reservoir.
2. being obtained the method according to claim 1, wherein described carry out micro-analysis to the petrographic thin section The dolostone reservoirs of the individual well reservoir are distributed:Description mineralogical composition, content, cementing species are observed according to drill cores Type differentiates the lithology of the individual well reservoir, identifies the dolostone reservoirs distribution of the individual well reservoir.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the means of drill cores observation include:Rock under mirror Thin slice, casting body flake, fluorescence thin section analysis, scanning electron microscope, cathodoluminescence analysis.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein described be loaded into the earthquake for the well logging recognition template In data volume, predict that the distribution of the dolostone reservoirs in the target reservoir region includes:
After the well logging recognition template is loaded into the seismic data cube, the target is explained in the seismic data cube The top bottom interface of the dolostone reservoirs of reservoir area;
Extract the seismic properties in the top bottom interface, the distribution model of the dolostone reservoirs in target reservoir region described in qualitative forecasting It encloses;
Application of Logging-constrained Inversion is carried out in the distribution, point of the dolostone reservoirs in target reservoir region described in quantitative forecast Cloth range.
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CN110687588A (en) * 2019-10-23 2020-01-14 成都创源油气技术开发有限公司 Method and system for seismic identification and prediction based on dolomite
CN112925019A (en) * 2019-12-06 2021-06-08 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method and device for identifying pore type dolomite
CN111766637B (en) * 2020-07-09 2021-10-01 中国地质大学(北京) A Lithology Quantitative Spectrum Method for Lithology Identification of Tight Reservoirs
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CN115614029A (en) * 2021-07-14 2023-01-17 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A method and computer-readable storage medium for identifying dolomite reservoirs
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