CN106904703A - A kind of method of heavy-metal contaminated soil leachates treatment - Google Patents
A kind of method of heavy-metal contaminated soil leachates treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106904703A CN106904703A CN201710177097.7A CN201710177097A CN106904703A CN 106904703 A CN106904703 A CN 106904703A CN 201710177097 A CN201710177097 A CN 201710177097A CN 106904703 A CN106904703 A CN 106904703A
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- tank
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- leaching
- soil
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
- C02F1/488—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields for separation of magnetic materials, e.g. magnetic flocculation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of heavy-metal contaminated soil leachates treatment.Including：Washing unit, heavy metal Magneto separate unit, the precipitation dewatering unit being sequentially connected；Wherein, the washing unit is specifically included：Soil leaching tower, its inlet is connected by spray pump P2 with drip washing thinning tank, and its liquid outlet is connected with leachates recovery pond；The drip washing thinning tank is connected by eluent dope measuring pump with eluent storage tank；The leachates recovery pond is connected with the import of Soil leaching tower and collecting tank；The features such as device and method has small floor space, skid-mounted type and processed suitable for big yield leachates, can improve heavy metals removal speed in leachates；The addition of subsequent processing units flocculant and flocculation aid can be reduced, is conducive to the decrement of sludge, and the Water circulation that sludge is produced after dewaterer treatment reduces front end Soil leaching rate of water make-up to the dilution of eluent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a leachate treatment method, belongs to the field of soil heavy metal pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating leachate in heavy metal polluted soil.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the extensive economic growth mode leads to serious deterioration of soil pollution conditions. According to the national soil pollution condition survey bulletin in 2014, 16.1% of the territory area of China is polluted, 19.4% of cultivated land is polluted, and about one third of the investigated industrial fields is polluted. The soil pollution type is mainly heavy metal pollution, the organic matter pollution is inferior, and the specific gravity of the compound pollution is smaller. Heavy metals causing soil pollution mainly comprise cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, chromium, zinc and nickel, and the heavy metals in the soil have the characteristics of concealment, accumulation and hysteresis, strong toxicity and easy biological absorption, so the heavy metal pollution remediation work of the soil is not slow.
At present, soil heavy metal pollution remediation technologies mainly comprise biological remediation, physical remediation, chemical remediation and combined remediation technologies, and a soil leaching technology is widely used at home and abroad due to the characteristics of high speed and efficiency, large treatment capacity, low cost and the like. Although the soil leaching method has the advantages of long-acting property, easy operability, high permeability and the like, a large amount of leachate needs to be treated, the leachate is rich in a complex of heavy metal and a leaching agent, and if the leachate is not properly treated, the pollution risk to underground water exists.
The chemical leachate treatment technologies developed and applied at present mainly include chemical methods, physical methods and biological methods. The chemical method removes the heavy metals by changing the existing state of the heavy metals in the leachate, for example, the method utilizes the technologies of chemical precipitation, oxidation reduction, electrolysis and the like, and the method is secondarily polluted by a precipitator and an oxidation reducing agent and has high cost of the electrolysis technology; the physical method is to remove the metal under the condition of keeping the chemical form of the metal unchanged, for example, the heavy metal in the leachate is concentrated and separated by the technologies of ion exchange, solvent extraction, membrane separation and the like, and the method is influenced by the type, yield and cost of an ion exchanger and has the problems of membrane pollution, scaling, corrosion and the like; the biological method reduces or eliminates the concentration of heavy metals in leachate by utilizing the adsorption, conversion, enrichment and other effects of microorganisms on the heavy metals, has the advantages of low operation cost, good treatment effect and the like, and simultaneously has the defects of long time consumption, easy poisoning of microorganisms, weak load impact resistance, large sludge production and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the problems of low treatment efficiency, large occupied area and high sludge yield of heavy metal-rich leachate in the prior art, and provides a method for treating heavy metal-polluted soil leachate. The equipment and the method have the characteristics of small occupied area, skid-mounted type, suitability for treating large-water-volume leachate and the like, and can improve the removal speed of heavy metals in the leachate; heavy metals in the leachate are adsorbed and separated by adopting a magnetic medium, so that the addition amounts of a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid of a subsequent treatment unit can be reduced, the reduction of sludge is facilitated, and water generated after the sludge is treated by a dehydrator is reused for diluting an eluent, so that the water supplement amount of front-end soil leaching is reduced.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:
a method for treating heavy metal contaminated soil leachate comprises the following steps:
a soil leaching step, namely spraying a leaching solution on the heavy metal contaminated soil, and then transferring heavy metals in the soil from the solid-phase soil to a leaching solution through desorption, decomplexation and dissolution;
a superconducting magnetic separation step, namely adding a magnetic medium into the heavy metal overproof leachate, conveying the leachate into a superconducting magnetic separator, and separating the heavy metal from the leachate;
and (3) sludge precipitation and dehydration, namely conveying the bottom sludge discharged from the superconducting magnetic separator into a sludge precipitation tank for precipitation and separation.
Preferably, in the soil leaching step, the heavy metal contaminated soil is conveyed to a soil leaching tower through a belt conveyor, an eluent stock solution and water respectively quantitatively flow into a leaching dilution tank from an eluent storage tank and a water storage tank to be mixed, the eluent after being diluted and mixed uniformly is quantitatively input into the leaching tower through a flowmeter and a spray pump, the eluent is uniformly sprayed onto the heavy metal contaminated soil through a leaching tower spraying system, heavy metals in the soil are transferred into the leachate from solid-phase soil through desorption, decomplexation and dissolution, the leachate flows into a leachate recovery tank from the bottom of the leaching tower, and the treated clean soil is conveyed to a soil stacking field through a belt conveyor;
preferably, in the superconducting magnetic separation step, the leachate with the heavy metal exceeding the standard is conveyed to a collection tank through a leachate reflux pump, and then is quantitatively input to a mixing tank through a sewage pump; according to the water quality requirement in the mixing tank body, the magnetic medium is quantitatively provided through a magnetic seed dosing device, and the magnetic medium is fully mixed with the leachate under the stirring of the stirring system; conveying the leachate mixed with the magnetic medium into a superconducting magnetic separator through a sewage pump, taking the magnetic medium adsorbed with heavy metals out of the liquid level by a rotatable metal chain net arranged in the superconducting magnetic separator under the action of a high-gradient strong magnetic field generated by a superconductor, blowing the magnetic medium out of the metal chain net by using an air blowing horn mouth, and feeding the magnetic medium into a cyclone separator for solid-gas separation, wherein the obtained solid powder is added into a mixing tank again for reutilization; and (3) precipitating nonmagnetic large particles in the leachate to the lower part of the superconducting magnetic separator, periodically removing the precipitate, and when the concentration of heavy metal in the treated leachate exceeds the standard, refluxing the leachate to the collection tank again, otherwise, flowing into the mixing tank.
Preferably, in the sludge precipitation and dehydration step, a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid are quantitatively added into a mixing tank for mixing and stirring, the mixed water and the bottom mud discharged from the superconducting magnetic separator enter the sludge precipitation tank for precipitation and separation, the upper layer water enters a water storage tank, the lower layer mud enters a plate and frame filter press through a sludge pump, the sludge is subjected to pressure filtration after being dehydrated to form mud cakes, the generated water flows into the water storage tank, and the water in the water storage tank flows back to an eluent storage tank through the pump for reutilization.
Preferably, in the soil leaching step, when the liquid level in the leachate recovery tank is low, the spray pump is started and the reflux pump is closed, the eluent is continuously sprayed on the soil from the dilution tank, the eluent carrying the heavy metals enters the leachate recovery tank to cause the liquid level in the tank to be continuously raised, and when the liquid level reaches the set height of the liquid level meter, the spray pump is closed and the reflux pump and the reflux solenoid valve are started to work; the concentration of the heavy metal in the leachate is increased along with the increase of the reflux times, when the concentration of the heavy metal exceeds the relevant standard, the reflux electromagnetic valve is closed, the discharge electromagnetic valve is opened, the leachate with the heavy metal exceeding the standard is conveyed to the superconducting magnetic separation unit through the reflux pump to be treated, the liquid level in the recovery tank is continuously reduced along with the continuous reduction of the leachate in the recovery tank, and when the liquid level is lower than the standard set by the liquid level meter, the system enters the next cycle.
Preferably, the implementation of the method for treating the leaching solution of the heavy metal contaminated soil is based on the leaching unit, the heavy metal magnetic separation unit and the precipitation dehydration unit which are sequentially connected;
wherein, the leaching unit specifically comprises:
a liquid inlet of the soil leaching tower is connected with a leaching dilution tank through a spraying pump P2, and a liquid outlet of the soil leaching tower is connected with a leachate recovery tank; the leaching dilution tank is connected with a leaching agent storage tank through a leaching agent concentrated solution metering pump P3; the leachate recovery tank is connected with the outlet of the soil leaching tower and the inlet of the collecting tank;
the heavy metal magnetic separation unit specifically comprises:
the inlet of the mixing tank is connected with the outlet of the collecting tank, the outlet of the mixing tank is connected with the liquid inlet of the superconducting magnetic separator, and a magnetic medium feeding port connected with the outlet end of the magnetic seed dosing device is arranged above the mixing tank; a magnetic medium recovery outlet of the superconducting magnetic separator is connected with the magnetic medium input port through a cyclone separator;
the precipitation dehydration unit specifically comprises:
a mixing tank, a sludge sedimentation tank, a sludge dewatering machine, a water storage tank and a sludge storage tank which are connected in sequence; wherein the liquid inlet of the mixing pool is connected with an overflow port of the superconducting magnetic separator; the inlet of the mixing tank is connected with a flocculating agent dosing device and a coagulant aid dosing device;
wherein,
the interior of the leachate recovery tank is provided with a liquid level meter, a reflux pump P1 is arranged on a reflux pipeline at the bottom of the leachate recovery tank, the reflux pump P1 is connected with the inlet of the soil leaching tower through a reflux electromagnetic valve F1, and the reflux pump P1 is connected with the collection tank through a discharge electromagnetic valve F2.
Set up inlet, overflow mouth, mud discharging port and two air pressure-vaccum horn mouths on the superconductive magnetism separating centrifuge, inlet and overflow mouth are located inside metal chain net both sides respectively, and the mud discharging port is located magnetism knockout drum body bottom, wherein, the overflow mouth links to each other with holding vessel and mixing tank respectively, and the mud discharging port passes through the sludge pump and links to each other with the sludge sedimentation tank, one of horn mouth is the malleation, and another is the negative pressure.
A sludge pump is arranged on a pipeline between the inlet end of the sludge sedimentation tank and the sludge discharge end of the superconducting magnetic separator; the overflow port of the sludge sedimentation tank is connected with the water storage tank, and sludge at the bottom of the sludge sedimentation tank is conveyed to the sludge dewatering machine through a sludge pump P7; the sludge dewatering machine is a plate-and-frame filter press, a sludge discharge port of the plate-and-frame filter press is connected with the sludge storage tank, and a liquid discharge port of the plate-and-frame filter press is connected with the water storage tank.
Therefore, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the magnetic medium is adopted to adsorb and separate heavy metals in the leachate, so that the addition of the flocculating agent and the coagulant aid of a subsequent treatment unit can be reduced, and the reduction of sludge is facilitated.
2. No waste water is discharged, and water generated after sludge is treated by the dewatering machine is reused for diluting the eluting agent, so that the amount of water for eluting and supplementing front-end soil is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
in the figure, 1.1 a first belt conveyor, 1.2 a second belt conveyor, 2 an elution tower, 3 an eluate recovery tank, 4 an elution dilution tank, 5 an elution agent storage tank, 6 a collection tank, 7 a mixing tank, 8 magnetic dosing devices, 9 a superconducting magnetic separator, 10 a cyclone separator, 11 a flocculant dosing device, 12 a coagulant aid dosing device, 13 a mixing tank, 14 a sludge settling tank, 15 a sludge dewatering machine, 16 a sludge storage tank, 17 a water storage tank, a P1 reflux pump, a P2 spray pump, a P3 eluent concentrated solution metering pump, a P4 water inlet pump, a P5 sewage pump, a P6 vacuum pump, a sludge pump P7, a sludge pump P8, a P9 reuse water pump, an F1 reflux electromagnetic valve, an F2 discharge electromagnetic valve, an F3 reflux ball valve, an F4 discharge ball valve, a V1 spray flowmeter, V2 mixing water meter and V3 meter are negative pressure.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is a heavy metal contaminated soil leachate treatment apparatus. In the figure:
the first belt conveyor 1.1 is used for feeding heavy metal contaminated soil in the leaching tower;
the second belt conveyor 1.2 is used for discharging the treated soil after reaching the standard in the leaching tower;
the leaching tower 2 is used for cleaning the heavy metal contaminated soil, spray heads are uniformly distributed on the top of the leaching tower, and the diluted leaching agent is uniformly sprayed on the heavy metal contaminated soil;
the leachate recovery tank 3 is used for collecting leachate flowing out of the leaching tower, and the collected leachate is recycled through a reflux pump P1;
the leaching dilution tank 4 is used for temporarily storing the diluted leaching agent formed by mixing the concentrated diluent and water in proportion;
the eluent storage tank 5 is used for storing the original concentrated solution of the detergent, and the concentrated solution is conveyed to the eluent dilution tank through the eluent dilution pump and is uniformly mixed with water in proportion;
the collecting tank 6 is used for receiving the leachate with the heavy metal exceeding the standard from the leachate recovery tank;
the mixing tank 7 is used for stirring and mixing the magnetic seeds and the heavy metal overproof leachate;
the magnetic seed dosing device 8 is used for magnetic seeds required by heavy metal treatment in the mixing tank and supplementing loss of the magnetic seeds;
the superconducting magnetic separator 9 is used for separating magnetic seeds in the mixed solution, and the magnetic seeds adsorbed with heavy metals are taken out of the superconducting magnetic separator through a rotatable metal chain net;
the cyclone separator 10 is used for extracting and recycling the magnetic seeds;
a flocculant dosing device 11, which is used for quantitatively adding a flocculant into the mixing tank to help the aggregation and the connection of suspended particles in the solution to form coarse flocculent aggregates or agglomerates;
a coagulant aid dosing device 12 for quantitatively adding coagulant aid into the mixing tank to accelerate the flocculation precipitation speed;
and the mixing tank 13 is used for receiving the heavy metal treatment standard-reaching solution discharged from the overflow port of the superconducting magnetic separator, and accelerating the removal of other impurities in the solution by quantitatively adding a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid.
A sludge settling tank 14 for receiving the solution mixed with the flocculating agent and the coagulant aid in the mixing tank 13 and performing settling treatment to obtain recycled water and sludge;
the sludge dewatering machine 15 is used for dewatering and compressing the sludge from the sludge sedimentation tank to obtain a sludge cake;
the sludge storage tank 16 is used for storing sludge cakes generated by the sludge dewatering machine 15;
the water storage tank 17 is provided with a water outlet pipe communicated with the leaching dilution tank 4 and a water replenishing pipe connected with the sludge sedimentation tank 14 and the sludge dewatering machine 15.
The structure of this embodiment can be divided into three units, be heavy metal contaminated soil drip washing unit, leachate heavy metal magnetic separation unit and sludge precipitation dehydration unit respectively.
The heavy metal contaminated soil leaching unit comprises a leaching agent storage tank, a dilution metering pump, a leaching dilution tank, a spraying pump, a flowmeter, a leaching tower, a leachate recovery tank, a reflux pump and a reflux electromagnetic valve which are connected in sequence; the eluent storage tank is used for storing a high-concentration eluent, and the high-concentration eluent is a chelating agent which is at least one of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, aminotriacetic acid, diethyltriamine pentaacetic acid, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, citric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, humic acid and fulvic acid; conveying the high-concentration eluent into an eluent dilution tank through a dilution metering pump, mixing the eluent with incoming water in a water storage tank according to a certain proportion, and preparing the low-concentration eluent, wherein the eluent dilution tank comprises an automatic stirring system; the eluting agent is quantitatively conveyed to the top of the eluting tower through a spraying pump and a flow meter; the top of the leaching tower is provided with uniformly distributed spray heads to ensure that the leaching agent is uniformly sprayed on the soil, and the leaching tower is provided with an automatic feed inlet and a discharge outlet; the leaching liquid recovery tank is used for collecting leaching liquid flowing out from the bottom of the leaching tower, a liquid level meter is arranged in the leaching liquid recovery tank, a reflux pump and a reflux electromagnetic valve are arranged on a reflux pipeline at the bottom of the leaching liquid recovery tank, and a discharge electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the reflux pump electromagnetic valve and the collection tank; when the leachate reflux pool is at a high liquid level and the concentration of heavy metal in the leachate is not over the standard, the reflux pump and the reflux solenoid valve are started, the spray pump stops working, and the leachate flows back to the top of the leaching tower through the reflux pump; when the leachate backflow pool is at a high liquid level and the concentration of heavy metal in leachate exceeds the standard, the backflow solenoid valve is closed, the discharge solenoid valve is opened, and the spray pump stops working; and when the high liquid level is changed into the low liquid level, the reflux pump, the reflux electromagnetic valve and the discharge electromagnetic valve are closed, and the spray pump is opened.
The leaching liquid heavy metal magnetic separation unit comprises a collection tank, a mixing tank, a magnetic seed dosing device, a superconducting magnetic separator and magnetic medium recovery equipment; wherein, the inlet of the collecting tank is connected with one outlet end of the leachate reflux pump, and the outlet of the collecting tank is connected with the inlet of the mixing tank; the outlet of the mixing tank is connected with the liquid inlet of the superconducting magnetic separation tank body, a magnetic medium feeding port is arranged on the mixing tank, the magnetic medium feeding port is connected with the outlet end of a magnetic seed dosing device, the magnetic seed dosing device is used for supplementing the consumption of magnetic seeds in the magnetic separation mixing tank body, the magnetic seeds comprise at least one of iron powder, ferroferric oxide powder and chemically modified ferroferric oxide nanoparticles, the chemically modified ferroferric oxide nanoparticles are modified by organic polymers with specific groups to enhance the binding degree of the ferroferric oxide and heavy metal ions, the specific groups comprise at least one of amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and sulfydryl, the organic polymers comprise acrylic acid, chitosan, betaine, polypyrrole, polystyrene, oleic acid, dopamine, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene alcohol, starch, vinyl acetate, polystyrene, At least one of polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethyl silicate, and the like; the superconducting magnetic separator comprises a superconducting magnet, a metal chain net, a magnetic separation tank body, a refrigerator and a system control cabinet, wherein the superconducting magnet can be disassembled and replaced by a low-temperature superconducting magnet or a high-temperature superconducting magnet, and the superconducting magnet provides a preset high-gradient magnetic field for the inside of the superconducting separation device; the metal chain net is positioned in the magnetic separation tank body of the high gradient magnetic field, and the magnetic seeds adsorbed with the heavy metals are continuously taken out of the magnetic separation tank body along with the rotation of the metal chain net; the magnetic separation tank body is provided with a liquid inlet, an overflow port, a sludge discharge port and two air blowing and sucking horn ports, the liquid inlet and the overflow port are respectively positioned at two sides of the metal chain net, the sludge discharge port is positioned at the bottom of the magnetic separation tank body, the overflow port is respectively connected with the collection tank and the mixing tank, the sludge discharge port is connected with the sludge sedimentation tank through a sludge pump, one of the horn ports is positive pressure, and the other horn port is negative pressure; the magnetic medium recovery equipment comprises cyclone separators and a vacuum pump, wherein the negative pressure bell mouth is connected with a plurality of cyclone separators which are connected in parallel, and the exhaust end of the vacuum pump is connected with the positive pressure bell mouth.
Wherein the sludge precipitation and dehydration unit comprises a mixing tank, a sludge precipitation tank, a sludge dehydrator, a water storage tank and a sludge storage tank which are connected in sequence; the system comprises a mixing tank, a magnetic separation tank body, a superconducting magnetic separator, a ball valve, a sampling port, a flocculating agent and coagulant aid dosing device, wherein a liquid inlet of the mixing tank is connected with an overflow port of the magnetic separation tank body, the ball valve and the sampling port are arranged on a connecting pipeline between the mixing tank and the superconducting magnetic separator, the mixing tank is respectively connected with the flocculating agent and coagulant aid dosing device, the flocculating agent and the coagulant aid are dosed through a metering pump, and an outlet end of the; a sludge pump is arranged on a pipeline between the inlet end of the sludge sedimentation tank and the sludge discharge end of the magnetic separation tank body, bottom sludge precipitated in the superconducting magnetic separator is conveyed into the sludge sedimentation tank through the pump, the overflow port of the sludge sedimentation tank is connected with a water storage tank, and bottom sludge in the sludge sedimentation tank is conveyed to a sludge dewatering machine through the sludge pump; the sludge dewatering machine is a plate-and-frame filter press, a sludge discharge port of the plate-and-frame filter press is connected with the sludge storage tank, and a liquid discharge port of the plate-and-frame filter press is connected with the water storage tank.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows:
1. soil leaching
Feeding heavy metal contaminated soil into a leaching tower 2 through a belt feeding machine 1, feeding a leaching agent stock solution and water which pass through a leaching agent concentrated solution metering pump P3 into a leaching dilution tank respectively according to a proportion from a water storage tank 17 and a leaching agent storage tank 5 for mixing to prepare a low-concentration leaching agent, feeding the low-concentration leaching agent into the leaching tower 2 through a spraying pump P2 and a spraying flowmeter V1, collecting a leaching solution which flows through the heavy metal contaminated soil and reaches the bottom of the leaching tower 2 through a leaching solution recovery tank 3, when the leaching solution recovery tank 3 is at a low liquid level, working the spraying pump P2 until the leaching solution recovery tank 3 reaches a high liquid level, closing the spraying pump P1 and a reflux electromagnetic valve F1, feeding the leaching solution into a circulating spraying process, when the concentration of heavy metal in the leaching solution recovery tank 3 exceeds the standard, closing the reflux electromagnetic valve F1, opening a discharge electromagnetic valve F2, conveying the leaching solution into a collection tank 6, when the liquid level of the leaching liquid recovery tank 3 is reduced to a low liquid level, the reflux pump P1 and the discharge electromagnetic valve F2 are closed, the spray pump is started to work, the next round of spray cycle process is carried out, and the clean soil treated by the leaching tower 2 is conveyed to a sludge storage yard through the belt discharging machine 1.
2. Superconductive magnetic separation of heavy metals in leaching liquid
Quantitatively conveying the leachate collected in the collection tank 6 into a mixing tank 7 through a water inlet pump P4, quantitatively adding magnetic seeds and the leachate into a magnetic seed dosing device 8 according to water quality and water quantity, stirring and mixing, conveying the leachate mixed with the magnetic seeds into a superconducting magnetic separator 9 through a sewage pump P5, adsorbing the magnetic seeds adsorbed with heavy metals on a metal chain net arranged in the superconducting magnetic separator 9 under the action of superconducting magnetic separation, taking the magnetic seeds adsorbed with the heavy metals out of the liquid level through the rotation of the metal chain net, then carrying the magnetic seeds into a cyclone separator 10 through the suction and the blowing of a vacuum pump P6 to recycle the magnetic seeds, adding the recycled magnetic seeds into the mixing tank 7 again for recycling, discharging supernatant through an overflow port in the superconducting magnetic separator 9, opening a ball valve F3 and closing the ball valve F4 if the heavy metals do not reach the standard, returning the supernatant to the collection tank 6 for reprocessing, closing the ball valve F3 and opening the ball valve F4 if the heavy metals do not reach the standard, the supernatant is transferred to the mixing tank 13.
3. Sludge precipitation and dehydration
According to the water quantity of the mixing tank 13, a flocculating agent dosing device 11 and a coagulant aid dosing device 12 respectively and quantitatively add a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid into the mixing tank 13, the mixed liquid mixed with the flocculating agent and the coagulant aid and sludge discharged from a sludge discharge port of the superconducting magnetic separator 9 are conveyed to a sludge sedimentation tank 14 through a sludge pump P7 for sludge sedimentation and separation, supernatant in the sludge sedimentation tank 14 flows into a water storage tank 17, bottom sludge is conveyed to a sludge dewatering machine 15 through a sludge pump P8 for sludge dewatering and filter pressing, the produced water is discharged to the water storage tank 17 for recovery, the produced sludge is stored in a sludge storage tank 16, and water in the water storage tank 17 is quantitatively conveyed to a leaching dilution tank 4 through a reuse water pump P9 and a mixed water flowmeter V2 for leaching dilution.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The method for treating the leachate of the heavy metal contaminated soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a soil leaching step, namely spraying a leaching solution on the heavy metal contaminated soil, and then transferring heavy metals in the soil from the solid-phase soil to a leaching solution through desorption, decomplexation and dissolution;
a superconducting magnetic separation step, namely adding a magnetic medium into the heavy metal overproof leachate, conveying the leachate into a superconducting magnetic separator, and separating the heavy metal from the leachate;
and (3) sludge precipitation and dehydration, namely conveying the bottom sludge discharged from the superconducting magnetic separator into a sludge precipitation tank for precipitation and separation.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of leaching the soil, the heavy metal contaminated soil is conveyed to a soil leaching tower by a belt conveyor, the stock solution and the water of the leaching agent respectively and quantitatively flow into a leaching dilution tank from a leaching storage tank and a water storage tank to be mixed, the leaching agent after being diluted and mixed uniformly is quantitatively input into the leaching tower through a flowmeter and a spray pump, the leaching agent is uniformly sprayed onto the heavy metal contaminated soil by a spraying system of the leaching tower, then the heavy metal in the soil is transferred into the leaching solution from the solid-phase soil by desorption, decomplexation and dissolution, the leaching solution flows into a leaching solution recovery tank from the bottom of the leaching tower, and the clean soil is conveyed to a soil piling yard by a belt conveyor.
3. The method for treating leachate of heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein in the step of superconducting magnetic separation, the leachate with heavy metal exceeding the standard is conveyed to a collection tank through a leachate reflux pump, and then is quantitatively conveyed to a mixing tank through a sewage pump; according to the water quality requirement in the mixing tank body, the magnetic medium is quantitatively provided through a magnetic seed dosing device, and the magnetic medium is fully mixed with the leachate under the stirring of the stirring system; conveying the leachate mixed with the magnetic medium into a superconducting magnetic separator through a sewage pump, taking the magnetic medium adsorbed with heavy metals out of the liquid level by a rotatable metal chain net arranged in the superconducting magnetic separator under the action of a high-gradient strong magnetic field generated by a superconductor, blowing the magnetic medium out of the metal chain net by using an air blowing horn mouth, and feeding the magnetic medium into a cyclone separator for solid-gas separation, wherein the obtained solid powder is added into a mixing tank again for reutilization; and (3) precipitating nonmagnetic large particles in the leachate to the lower part of the superconducting magnetic separator, periodically removing the precipitate, and when the concentration of heavy metal in the treated leachate exceeds the standard, refluxing the leachate to the collection tank again, otherwise, flowing into the mixing tank.
4. The method for treating heavy metal contaminated soil leachate according to claim 1, wherein,
and (2) sludge precipitation and dehydration, namely, quantitatively adding a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid into a mixing tank for mixing and stirring, allowing the mixed water and the bottom sludge discharged from the superconducting magnetic separator to enter the sludge precipitation tank for precipitation and separation, allowing the upper-layer water to enter a water storage tank, allowing the lower-layer slurry to enter a plate-and-frame filter press through a sludge pump, performing filter pressing on the dewatered sludge to form a sludge cake, allowing the generated water to flow into the water storage tank, and allowing the water in the water storage tank to flow back into an eluent storage tank through the pump for reutilization.
5. The method for treating the leachate of the soil polluted by the heavy metals by using the equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the soil leaching step, when the liquid level in the leachate recovery tank is low, the spray pump is turned on and the reflux pump is turned off, the eluent is continuously sprayed on the soil from the dilution tank, the eluent carrying the heavy metals enters the leachate recovery tank to cause the liquid level in the tank to be continuously raised, and when the liquid level reaches the set height of the liquid level meter, the spray pump is turned off and the reflux pump and the reflux solenoid valve are turned on to work; the concentration of the heavy metal in the leachate is increased along with the increase of the reflux times, when the concentration of the heavy metal exceeds the relevant standard, the reflux electromagnetic valve is closed, the discharge electromagnetic valve is opened, the leachate with the heavy metal exceeding the standard is conveyed to the superconducting magnetic separation unit through the reflux pump to be treated, the liquid level in the recovery tank is continuously reduced along with the continuous reduction of the leachate in the recovery tank, and when the liquid level is lower than the standard set by the liquid level meter, the system enters the next cycle.
6. The method for treating the leachate of the soil polluted by the heavy metal by using the equipment as claimed in claim 1, which is implemented by sequentially connecting a leaching unit, a heavy metal magnetic separation unit and a precipitation dehydration unit;
wherein, the leaching unit specifically comprises:
a liquid inlet of the soil leaching tower is connected with a leaching dilution tank through a spraying pump P2, and a liquid outlet of the soil leaching tower is connected with a leachate recovery tank; the leaching dilution tank is connected with a leaching agent storage tank through a leaching agent concentrated solution metering pump P3; the leachate recovery tank is connected with the outlet of the soil leaching tower and the inlet of the collecting tank;
the heavy metal magnetic separation unit specifically comprises:
the inlet of the mixing tank is connected with the outlet of the collecting tank, the outlet of the mixing tank is connected with the liquid inlet of the superconducting magnetic separator, and a magnetic medium feeding port connected with the outlet end of the magnetic seed dosing device is arranged above the mixing tank; a magnetic medium recovery outlet of the superconducting magnetic separator is connected with the magnetic medium input port through a cyclone separator;
the precipitation dehydration unit specifically comprises:
a mixing tank, a sludge sedimentation tank, a sludge dewatering machine, a water storage tank and a sludge storage tank which are connected in sequence; wherein the liquid inlet of the mixing pool is connected with an overflow port of the superconducting magnetic separator; the inlet of the mixing tank is connected with a flocculating agent dosing device and a coagulant aid dosing device;
wherein,
the interior of the leachate recovery tank is provided with a liquid level meter, a reflux pump P1 is arranged on a reflux pipeline at the bottom of the leachate recovery tank, the reflux pump P1 is connected with the inlet of the soil leaching tower through a reflux electromagnetic valve F1, and the reflux pump P1 is connected with the collection tank through a discharge electromagnetic valve F2.
Set up inlet, overflow mouth, mud discharging port and two air pressure-vaccum horn mouths on the superconductive magnetism separating centrifuge, inlet and overflow mouth are located inside metal chain net both sides respectively, and the mud discharging port is located magnetism knockout drum body bottom, wherein, the overflow mouth links to each other with holding vessel and mixing tank respectively, and the mud discharging port passes through the sludge pump and links to each other with the sludge sedimentation tank, one of horn mouth is the malleation, and another is the negative pressure.
A sludge pump is arranged on a pipeline between the inlet end of the sludge sedimentation tank and the sludge discharge end of the superconducting magnetic separator; the overflow port of the sludge sedimentation tank is connected with the water storage tank, and sludge at the bottom of the sludge sedimentation tank is conveyed to the sludge dewatering machine through a sludge pump P7; the sludge dewatering machine is a plate-and-frame filter press, a sludge discharge port of the plate-and-frame filter press is connected with the sludge storage tank, and a liquid discharge port of the plate-and-frame filter press is connected with the water storage tank.
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