CN106903394A - A kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903394A CN106903394A CN201710129920.7A CN201710129920A CN106903394A CN 106903394 A CN106903394 A CN 106903394A CN 201710129920 A CN201710129920 A CN 201710129920A CN 106903394 A CN106903394 A CN 106903394A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CFQGDIWRTHFZMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon helium Chemical compound [He].[Ar] CFQGDIWRTHFZMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001051 Magnalium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Mg] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Mg] GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010022579 ATP dependent 26S protease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to electric arc fuse increases material manufacturing technology field, and in particular to a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method.It is characterized in that：Homemade argon protective device is placed on the table, internal placing aluminium alloy base material is pre-charged with high purity inert gas, make oxygen content in chamber be 50~80 μ L ∕ L；Almag silk material is transported in the molten bath of electric arc generation using special wire feeder, the electric arc cladding layer that formation is combined with pretreated base material；Then successively cladding is realized by each layer of nc program, finally gives the high-performance with rapid solidification structure feature, complete fine and close, complex-shaped three-dimensional almag structural member.The low cost of manufacture of the manufacture method, the manufacturing cycle is short, stock utilization is high, stable performance, quick Fabrication complex partses and can by a relatively large margin improve the structural strength of aluminum alloy junction component, reduces the tissue defects such as alloy internal porosity, crackle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric arc fuse increases material manufacturing technology field, and in particular to a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing
Method.
Background technology
Increases material manufacturing technology (AM) be it is a kind of based on it is discrete-thought is piled up, by CAD design data, using successively adding up
Mode process generation entity component technology.It has the advantages that forming efficiency high, low cost, part are fine and close, countries in the world
Scientific research institution expands substantial amounts of research to it, the difference according to increasing material manufacturing melting and coating process can be divided into Laser Welding (LAW), etc.
Ion arc-welding (PAW), gas metal-arc welding (GMAW), non-consumable gas shielded arc welding (GTAW), electron beam weldering (EBW)
Deng compared with other increases material manufacturing technologies, arc-welding increases material manufacturing technology has that low cost, efficiency high, controllable parameter be more, mechanical property
The advantages of energy is good, the applicability of metal material is good, but there is also some problems for needing to solve：Formed precision and net shaping
Part has that a certain distance, residual stress are larger, molten bath controllability is bad, lack special moulding material and poor working environment
Deng.In conventional soldering techniques, gas metal-arc welding (MIG welderings) has welding welding current is big, welding efficiency is higher etc.
Advantage, but electric arc is unstable, and molten bath is easily excessive in forming process and collapses；Non-consumable gas shielded arc welding welding stabilization, but
Welding current is small, and welding efficiency is low.
Aluminium alloy has the features such as specific strength is high, thermal coefficient of expansion is small, wear resistance and corrosion resistance is good, is outstanding 26S Proteasome Structure and Function
Material, is widely used in the fields such as automobile, Aero-Space, mechano-electronic, the use of most wide aluminium alloy is at present almag.It is right
The structural member containing inner chamber is particularly in complicated almag structural member, using techniques such as traditional casting, forging, machinings
It is difficult to manufacture or even cannot manufactures.And using traditional forming technology from blank to last parts, it is necessary to a large amount of moulds
Could be completed with multiple working procedure, so cause casting almag production cycle long, high cost, stock utilization relatively low.But
With the development of laser gain material manufacturing technology, laser gain material manufacturing technology is used to bring new machine for aluminum alloy spare part shaping
Meet, the manufacture free degree of almag parts greatly improved, saved the manufacturing time, extend almag zero
The use scope of part.However, the subject matter of almag increasing material manufacturing is：Due to base material and almag silk material removing surface
Excessive velocities that are unclean, being heated in welding process and cooled down so that the H+ in molten bath cannot be escaped completely, easily form hydrogen
Hole；Additionally, aluminium is very strong with the chemical binding force of oxygen, a thin layer of oxide-film (Al2O3) easily is formed on surface, due to oxide-film
Fusing point it is (2050 DEG C) very high so that bonding cannot be normally carried out, hinder metal between good combination, be also easy to produce it is lack of penetration lack
Fall into, thus resulting in the almag product shaped using laser gain material manufacturing technology, to there is forming quality poor, easily generation nodularization,
The defects such as stomata, slag inclusion, crackle.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of process is simple, low cost, the structural member inorganization for preparing
The good almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method of defect, high precision, structural strength.
To realize the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method, specifically includes following steps：
(1) base material pretreatment：It is afterwards 30~50 in temperature first by the sand papering of alloy matrix aluminum material, polishing
At DEG C, 20~30min is cleaned with acid solution, then cleaned with clear water, be then sequentially placed into acetone, ethanol and ultra-pure water and surpassed
Sound cleans 5~10min, to remove surface impurity, is dried up after taking-up, carries out surface micro-structure to it using laser marking machine and adds
Work, forms the prismoid shaped micro-structural that spacing is 50~200 μm, stand-by；
(2) preparation of almag silk material：1. a certain proportion of pure magnesium ingot, aluminium powder, iron(-)base powder are added to dry
In dry smelting furnace, 3~5h of melting under the conditions of being 700 DEG C~800 DEG C in temperature obtains almag liquation；2. by step 1.
The almag solution for obtaining temperature be 650 DEG C~700 DEG C, casting speed be that 3~3.5mm/min, cooling water intensity are
0.1MPa~0.15MPa, cooling water temperature are to be cast as the magnalium that thickness is 400~500mm under conditions of 10 DEG C~20 DEG C to close
Golden ingot casting；3. the almag ingot casting for 2. step being obtained mills the oxide skin on surface, then carry out hot arc open pah, hot rolling disk
Circle, reconditioning, a series of normal procedures of cold drawn, vacuum annealing are processed into the almag parcel of a diameter of 1~2mm；4. finished silk
Under unstress state, with acid and acetone except the oxide skin and pollutant on silk material surface, system of being had mercy on after drying is in automatic wire feeder
It is stand-by on rotating disk；
(3) under the driving of almag structural member CAD 3D physical model slice of data, will be continuous using microtomy
Three-dimensional CAD digital-to-analogue be separated into the hierarchy slicing with certain thickness and order, slice thickness is 500~600 μm, and magnalium is closed
The three-dimensional data information of golden structural member is converted into a series of two dimensional surface data, extracts each layer of produced profile of section simultaneously
According to technological parameters such as slicing profile path reasonable in design, laser scanning speed, overlapping rates, along true by two dimensional surface data institute
The nc program of fixed each layer of Track Pick-up of scanning, and pass to numerical control table, NC table；
(4) homemade inert gas protection device is placed on the table, the aluminum alloy base material of drying is placed in inside, in advance
First it is filled with the high purity inert gas of certain flow；
(5) welding robot is opened, procedure is recalled, operation button is clicked on, robot arm is according to predetermined processing
Track is run, and at the same time, be transported to almag silk material in the molten bath of generation by wire feeder, is formed and base material metallurgical binding
Cladding layer；Successively cladding is realized by each layer of nc program, a cladding section is obtained, after one layer of cladding,
Welding gun rises certain altitude, highly generally corresponds to the thickness of thin layer, and welding gun follows certain running orbit, moves in circles, successively
Pile up the three-dimensional almag structural member of certain geometrical shape.
Further, the acid solution described in step (1) is by sulfuric acid that the hydrofluoric acid solution and concentration of concentration 3% are 8%
Solution in mass ratio 1:3 compositions.
Further, each Ingredient percent 1. described in step (2) is：Pure magnesium ingot 5~10%, aluminium powder 60~
80%th, iron(-)base powder 15~30%.
Further, the mass percent of described iron(-)base powder is：Cr：35.5、Mn：10、Si：5.2、B：4.5、
Ni：4.0、Zn：2.7、C：3.8、Fe：Surplus.
Further, the inert gas described in step (4) is argon helium mixture.
Further, purity >=99.99% of the inert gas described in step (4), flow is 25~40Lmin-1。
Further, the technological parameter of electric arc cladding is described in step (5)：2~20kW of power output, wire feed rate is
650~1-22mm/min.
Further, the single cladding layer thickness described in step (5) is 1-2.5mm.
Further, the arc welding gun head running orbit described in step (5) is n-th layer horizontal sweep, and (n+1)th layer perpendicular to the
N-layer, the n-th+2 layers perpendicular to (n+1)th layer, and with the scanning direction of n-th layer conversely, the n-th+3 layers perpendicular to the n-th+2 layers and with n-th+
1 layer of scanning direction is conversely, n is the integer since 1.
The device have the advantages that：
(1) a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method of the invention, surface micro-structure processing, shape are carried out to base material
Into prismoid shaped micro-structural, be favorably improved the adhesive force of almag tubing and base material, strengthen the adhesion strength at interface.
(2) a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method of the invention, arc welding gun head running orbit using adjacent layer with
The vertical mode of layer, can solve the problem that single direction piles up the front and rear starting the arc and receives the uneven problem of arc height, it is ensured that multilayer is piled up
Carrying out steadily for process, greatly improves the average tensile strength of structural member.
(3) a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method of the invention, process is simple, can largely save magnadure
Material, low cost of manufacture, the almag structural member inorganization defect of preparation, high precision, structural strength are good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is almag structural member increasing material manufacturing schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is laser head running orbit schematic diagram in almag structural member increasing material manufacturing of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Presently in connection with embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method, specifically includes following steps：
(1) base material pretreatment：First by the sand papering of alloy matrix aluminum material, polishing, at being afterwards 40 DEG C in temperature,
With by sulfuric acid solution in mass ratio 1 that the hydrofluoric acid solution and concentration of concentration 3% are 8%:The acid solution cleaning 20 of 3 compositions~
30min, then cleaned with clear water, 5~10min of ultrasonic cleaning in acetone, ethanol and ultra-pure water is then sequentially placed into, to go
Except surface impurity, dried up after taking-up, surface micro-structure processing is carried out to it using laser marking machine, form the rib that spacing is 50 μm
Bench-type micro-structural, it is stand-by；
(2) preparation of almag silk material：1. it is pure magnesium ingot 8%, aluminium powder 70%, iron(-)base powder by mass fraction
22% is added in dry smelting furnace, and the mass percent of wherein iron(-)base powder is：Cr：35.5、Mn：10、Si：5.2、
B：4.5、Ni：4.0、Zn：2.7、C：3.8、Fe：Surplus；3~5h of melting under the conditions of being 700 DEG C~800 DEG C in temperature, obtains aluminium
Magnesium alloy liquation；2. the almag solution for 1. step being obtained temperature be 650 DEG C~700 DEG C, casting speed be 3~
3.5mm/min, cooling water intensity are 0.1MPa~0.15MPa, cooling water temperature to be cast as thickness under conditions of 10 DEG C~20 DEG C
Spend the almag ingot casting for 400~500mm；3. the almag ingot casting for 2. step being obtained mills the oxide skin on surface, so
Carry out afterwards hot arc open pah, hot rolling disk circle, reconditioning, a series of normal procedures of cold drawn, vacuum annealing be processed into the magnalium of a diameter of 1mm
Alloy plate wire；4. finished silk removes the oxide skin and pollutant on silk material surface with acid and acetone, after drying under unstress state
Rich system is stand-by on the rotating disk of automatic wire feeder；
(3) under the driving of almag structural member CAD 3D physical model slice of data, will be continuous using microtomy
Three-dimensional CAD digital-to-analogue be separated into the hierarchy slicing with certain thickness and order, slice thickness is 500 μm, by almag knot
The three-dimensional data information of component is converted into a series of two dimensional surface data, extracts profile and basis produced by each layer of section
The technological parameters such as slicing profile path reasonable in design, laser scanning speed, overlapping rate, along determined by two dimensional surface data
The nc program of each layer of Track Pick-up is scanned, and passes to numerical control table, NC table；
(4) homemade nitrogen protection device is placed on the table (as shown in brief description of the drawings Fig. 1), drying is placed in inside
Aluminum alloy base material, be pre-charged with the high pure nitrogen of certain flow, purity >=99.99%, flow is 25Lmin-1Make oxygen in chamber
Content is 50 μ L/L；
(5) welding robot is opened, procedure is recalled, power output 20kW clicks on operation button, melts arc according to predetermined
Machining locus operation；At the same time, almag silk material is transported to molten arc and produced by wire feeder with speed as 22mm/min
Molten bath in, formed and the cladding layer that the thickness of base material metallurgical binding is 500 μm；Realized by each layer of nc program
Successively cladding, obtains a cladding section, and after one layer of cladding, arc welding gun head rises certain altitude, highly generally corresponds to the thin layer
Thickness, arc welding gun head follows n-th layer horizontal sweep, (n+1)th layer perpendicular to n-th layer, the n-th+2 layers perpendicular to (n+1)th layer, and with n-th
The scanning direction of layer is conversely, the n-th+3 layers scanning direction perpendicular to the n-th+2 layers and with (n+1)th layer is conversely, n is whole since 1
The certain running orbit of number (as shown in Fig. 2 in brief description of the drawings), moves in circles, and successively piles up the three-dimensional aluminium of certain geometrical shape
Magnesium alloy structural part.
Embodiment 2
A kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method, specifically includes following steps：
(1) base material pretreatment：First by the sand papering of alloy matrix aluminum material, polishing, at being afterwards 30 DEG C in temperature,
With by sulfuric acid solution in mass ratio 1 that the hydrofluoric acid solution and concentration of concentration 3% are 8%:The acid solution cleaning 20 of 3 compositions~
30min, then cleaned with clear water, 5~10min of ultrasonic cleaning in acetone, ethanol and ultra-pure water is then sequentially placed into, to go
Except surface impurity, dried up after taking-up, surface micro-structure processing is carried out to it using laser marking machine, it is 100 μm to form spacing
Prismoid shaped micro-structural, it is stand-by；
(2) preparation of almag silk material：1. it is pure magnesium ingot 5%, aluminium powder 65%, iron(-)base powder by mass fraction
30% is added in dry smelting furnace, and the mass percent of wherein iron(-)base powder is：Cr：35.5、Mn：10、Si：5.2、
B：4.5、Ni：4.0、Zn：2.7、C：3.8、Fe：Surplus；3~5h of melting under the conditions of being 700 DEG C~800 DEG C in temperature, obtains aluminium
Magnesium alloy liquation；2. the almag solution for 1. step being obtained temperature be 650 DEG C~700 DEG C, casting speed be 3~
3.5mm/min, cooling water intensity are 0.1MPa~0.15MPa, cooling water temperature to be cast as thickness under conditions of 10 DEG C~20 DEG C
Spend the almag ingot casting for 400~500mm；3. the almag ingot casting for 2. step being obtained mills the oxide skin on surface, so
Carry out afterwards hot arc open pah, hot rolling disk circle, reconditioning, a series of normal procedures of cold drawn, vacuum annealing be processed into the aluminium of a diameter of 1.5mm
Magnesium alloy parcel；4. finished silk, with acid and acetone except the oxide skin and pollutant on silk material surface, dries it under unstress state
System of having mercy on afterwards is stand-by on the rotating disk of automatic wire feeder；
(3) under the driving of almag structural member CAD 3D physical model slice of data, will be continuous using microtomy
Three-dimensional CAD digital-to-analogue be separated into the hierarchy slicing with certain thickness and order, slice thickness is 550 μm, by almag knot
The three-dimensional data information of component is converted into a series of two dimensional surface data, extracts profile and basis produced by each layer of section
The technological parameters such as slicing profile path reasonable in design, laser scanning speed, overlapping rate, along determined by two dimensional surface data
The nc program of each layer of Track Pick-up is scanned, and passes to numerical control table, NC table；
(4) homemade argon protective device is placed on the table (as shown in brief description of the drawings Fig. 1), drying is placed in inside
Aluminum alloy base material, be pre-charged with the high-purity argon gas of certain flow, purity >=99.99%, flow is 30Lmin-1Make oxygen in chamber
Content is 65 μ L/L；
(5) welding robot is opened, procedure is recalled, power output 2kW clicks on operation button, and laser beam is according to pre-
Fixed machining locus operation；At the same time, almag silk material is transported to electric arc and produced by wire feeder with speed as 1mm/min
Molten bath in, formed and the cladding layer that the thickness of base material metallurgical binding is 550 μm；Realized by each layer of nc program
Successively cladding, obtains a cladding section, and after one layer of cladding, arc welding gun head rises certain altitude, highly generally corresponds to the thin layer
Thickness, arc welding gun head follows n-th layer horizontal sweep, (n+1)th layer perpendicular to n-th layer, the n-th+2 layers perpendicular to (n+1)th layer, and with n-th
The scanning direction of layer is conversely, the n-th+3 layers scanning direction perpendicular to the n-th+2 layers and with (n+1)th layer is conversely, n is whole since 1
The certain running orbit of number (as shown in Fig. 2 in brief description of the drawings), moves in circles, and successively piles up the three-dimensional aluminium of certain geometrical shape
Magnesium alloy structural part.
Embodiment 3
A kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method, specifically includes following steps：
(1) base material pretreatment：First by the sand papering of alloy matrix aluminum material, polishing, at being afterwards 50 DEG C in temperature,
With by sulfuric acid solution in mass ratio 1 that the hydrofluoric acid solution and concentration of concentration 3% are 8%:The acid solution cleaning 20 of 3 compositions~
30min, then cleaned with clear water, 5~10min of ultrasonic cleaning in acetone, ethanol and ultra-pure water is then sequentially placed into, to go
Except surface impurity, dried up after taking-up, surface micro-structure processing is carried out to it using laser marking machine, it is 200 μm to form spacing
Prismoid shaped micro-structural, it is stand-by；
(2) preparation of almag silk material：1. it is pure magnesium ingot 10%, aluminium powder 75%, iron(-)base powder by mass fraction
15% is added in dry smelting furnace, and the mass percent of wherein iron(-)base powder is：Cr：35.5、Mn：10、Si：5.2、
B：4.5、Ni：4.0、Zn：2.7、C：3.8、Fe：Surplus；3~5h of melting under the conditions of being 700 DEG C~800 DEG C in temperature, obtains aluminium
Magnesium alloy liquation；2. the almag solution for 1. step being obtained temperature be 650 DEG C~700 DEG C, casting speed be 3~
3.5mm/min, cooling water intensity are 0.1MPa~0.15MPa, cooling water temperature to be cast as thickness under conditions of 10 DEG C~20 DEG C
Spend the almag ingot casting for 400~500mm；3. the almag ingot casting for 2. step being obtained mills the oxide skin on surface, so
Carry out afterwards hot arc open pah, hot rolling disk circle, reconditioning, a series of normal procedures of cold drawn, vacuum annealing be processed into the magnalium of a diameter of 2mm
Alloy plate wire；4. finished silk removes the oxide skin and pollutant on silk material surface with acid and acetone, after drying under unstress state
Rich system is stand-by on the rotating disk of automatic wire feeder；
(3) under the driving of almag structural member CAD 3D physical model slice of data, will be continuous using microtomy
Three-dimensional CAD digital-to-analogue be separated into the hierarchy slicing with certain thickness and order, slice thickness is 600 μm, by almag knot
The three-dimensional data information of component is converted into a series of two dimensional surface data, extracts profile and basis produced by each layer of section
The technological parameters such as slicing profile path reasonable in design, laser scanning speed, overlapping rate, along determined by two dimensional surface data
The nc program of each layer of Track Pick-up is scanned, and passes to numerical control table, NC table；
(4) homemade argon protective device is placed on the table (as shown in brief description of the drawings Fig. 1), drying is placed in inside
Aluminum alloy base material, be pre-charged with the high-purity argon gas of certain flow, purity >=99.99%, flow is 40Lmin-1Make oxygen in chamber
Content is 80 μ L/L；
(5) open welding robot, recall procedure, power output 12kW, click on operation button, laser beam according to
Predetermined machining locus operation, sweep speed 10mm/min；At the same time, wire feeder with speed be 1000mm/min by magnalium
Alloy wire is transported in the molten bath of arc line generation, is formed and the cladding layer that the thickness of base material metallurgical binding is 600 μm；Pass through
Each layer of nc program realizes successively cladding, obtains a cladding section, and after one layer of cladding, arc welding gun head rises certain
Highly, highly generally correspond to the thickness of thin layer, arc welding gun head follows n-th layer horizontal sweep, (n+1)th layer perpendicular to n-th layer, n-th+2
Layer perpendicular to (n+1)th layer, and with the scanning direction of n-th layer conversely, the n-th+3 layers scanning perpendicular to the n-th+2 layers and with (n+1)th layer
In the opposite direction, n is the certain running orbit of integer since 1 (as shown in Fig. 2 in brief description of the drawings), is moved in circles, successively heap
Product goes out the three-dimensional almag structural member of certain geometrical shape.
Comparative example 1 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is：Step (1) does not carry out micro-structural and adds to substrate surface
Work.
Comparative example 2 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is：Step (4) is not passed through inert gas and is protected.
Product checking：The almag drip molding outer surface obtained from embodiment 1-3 can be seen that its any surface finish, and color is in
Brilliant white, regular shape, without macroscopic cracking.Drip molding is made into its metallographic structure of cross-section analysis and scanning electron microscope sem understands, aluminium
Pore-free and crackle in Alloy Forming part tissue, even tissue, between layers in metallurgical binding.Measured using Vickers
Hardness is respectively 808HV0.5、815HV0.5、817HV0.5.And comparative example 1 is compared with Example 1, the adhesive force of drip molding and base material
Difference, low intensity, cracky；Comparative example 2 compared with Example 1, has stomata and crackle, Tissue distribution in aluminium alloy drip molding tissue
It is uneven.
With above-mentioned according to desirable embodiment of the invention as enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff is complete
Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention' entirely.The technology of this invention
Property scope is not limited to the content on specification, it is necessary to its technical scope is determined according to right.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps：
(1) base material pretreatment：First by the sand papering of alloy matrix aluminum material, polishing, at being afterwards 30~50 DEG C in temperature,
20~30min is cleaned with acid solution, then is cleaned with clear water, ultrasound is clear in being then sequentially placed into acetone, ethanol and ultra-pure water
5~10min is washed, to remove surface impurity, is dried up after taking-up, surface micro-structure processing is carried out to it using laser marking machine,
The prismoid shaped micro-structural that spacing is 50~200 μm is formed, it is stand-by；
(2) preparation of almag silk material：1. a certain proportion of pure magnesium ingot, aluminium powder, iron(-)base powder are added to dry
In smelting furnace, 3~5h of melting under the conditions of being 700 DEG C~800 DEG C in temperature obtains almag liquation；2. 1. step is obtained
Almag solution temperature be 650 DEG C~700 DEG C, casting speed be 3~3.5mm/min, cooling water intensity be 0.1MPa
~0.15MPa, cooling water temperature are to be cast as the almag ingot casting that thickness is 400~500mm under conditions of 10 DEG C~20 DEG C；
3. the almag ingot casting for 2. step being obtained mills the oxide skin on surface, then carry out hot arc open pah, hot rolling disk circle, reconditioning,
A series of normal procedures of cold drawn, vacuum annealing are processed into the almag parcel of a diameter of 1~2mm；4. finished silk is unstressed
Under state, with acid and acetone except the oxide skin and pollutant on silk material surface, rotating disk of the system of being had mercy on after drying in automatic wire feeder
On, it is stand-by；
(3) under the driving of almag structural member CAD 3D physical model slice of data, using microtomy by continuous three
Vc AD digital-to-analogues are separated into the hierarchy slicing with certain thickness and order, and slice thickness is 500~600 μm, by almag knot
The three-dimensional data information of component is converted into a series of two dimensional surface data, extracts profile and basis produced by each layer of section
The technological parameters such as slicing profile path reasonable in design, laser scanning speed, overlapping rate, along determined by two dimensional surface data
The nc program of each layer of Track Pick-up is scanned, and passes to numerical control table, NC table；
(4) homemade inert gas protection device is placed on the table, the aluminum alloy base material of drying is placed in inside, fills in advance
Enter the high purity inert gas of certain flow；
(5) welding robot is opened, procedure is recalled, operation button is clicked on, robot arm is according to predetermined machining locus
Operation, at the same time, be transported to almag silk material in the molten bath of generation by wire feeder, forms molten with base material metallurgical binding
Coating；Successively cladding is realized by each layer of nc program, a cladding section, after one layer of cladding, welding gun is obtained
Rise certain altitude, highly generally correspond to the thickness of thin layer, welding gun follows certain running orbit, moves in circles, successively piles up
Go out the three-dimensional almag structural member of certain geometrical shape.
2. a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1)
Described acid solution is by sulfuric acid solution in mass ratio 1 that the hydrofluoric acid solution and concentration of concentration 3% are 8%:3 compositions.
3. a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2)
1. described each Ingredient percent is：Pure magnesium ingot 5~10%, aluminium powder 60~80%, iron(-)base powder 15~30%.
4. a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described iron-based
The mass percent of alloy powder is：Cr：35.5、Mn：10、Si：5.2、B：4.5、Ni：4.0、Zn：2.7、C：3.8、Fe：It is remaining
Amount.
5. a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4)
Described inert gas is argon helium mixture.
6. a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4)
Purity >=99.99% of described inert gas, flow is 25~40Lmin-1。
7. a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5)
The technological parameter of the electric arc cladding is：2~20kW of power output, wire feed rate is 1-22mm/min.
8. a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5)
Described single cladding layer thickness is 1-2.5mm.
9. a kind of almag structural member increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5)
Described arc welding gun head running orbit be n-th layer horizontal sweep, (n+1)th layer perpendicular to n-th layer, the n-th+2 layers perpendicular to (n+1)th layer,
And with the scanning direction of n-th layer conversely, the n-th+3 layers scanning direction perpendicular to the n-th+2 layers and with (n+1)th layer is conversely, n is from 1
The integer of beginning.
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| CN108340047A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-31 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | A method of electric arc increasing material manufacturing almag structural member is strengthened in hammering |
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