CN106857510A - 含苯菌酮的杀真菌组合物 - Google Patents
含苯菌酮的杀真菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106857510A CN106857510A CN201710247487.7A CN201710247487A CN106857510A CN 106857510 A CN106857510 A CN 106857510A CN 201710247487 A CN201710247487 A CN 201710247487A CN 106857510 A CN106857510 A CN 106857510A
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- Prior art keywords
- metrafenone
- fungicidal composition
- agent
- composition
- active components
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof, directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. acetophenone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N37/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof the nitrogen atom being directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. anilides
- A01N37/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof the nitrogen atom being directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. anilides containing at least one oxygen or sulfur atom being directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种含苯菌酮的协同杀真菌组合物,其特征在于包括活性成分A和B,其中,A为苯菌酮,B为异丙菌胺、丙森锌、霜霉灭、苯酰菌胺、烯丙苯噻唑、环酰菌胺中的一种或一种以上组合,还包括农药制剂加工中可以使用的助剂,制成常规的农药制剂,并应用于防治植物真菌病害。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药应用技术领域,涉及一种农药组合物,具体的说是一种含苯菌酮的杀真菌组合物,应用于防治植物真菌病害。
背景技术
在农业生产过程中,植物真菌病害(子囊菌、担子菌、半知菌、卵菌引起病害)发生严重,危害植物茎、叶等营养器官,以及果实、种子、块茎等繁殖器官部位,影响植物光合作用,影响食用部位外观,使作物产量锐减,品质下降严重。病害发生严重时,导致作物绝收。因此,植物真菌病害在生产实际上具有重要的防治意义,杀菌剂是防治植物真菌病害的最为经济、快捷而有效的方法。
单一杀菌剂使用容易产生抗药性或防治谱有限,并不能很好地解决生产实际中的植物真菌病害危害。混配杀菌剂具有可扩大防治谱、增强防效,延缓植物病原菌抗药性等优势,在生产实践中成为最受欢迎的应用形式。尤其是具有协同作用的杀菌剂,杀菌剂各有效组分间相互作用,使组合时效果优于单独使用效果的理论总和,因而在实际使用时可起到事半功倍的效果,更受使用者青睐。
苯菌酮(metrafenone)是巴斯夫公司于2004年开发登记投入英国市场的苯甲酮类杀菌剂。通过干扰极性肌动蛋白组织的建立和形成,使病菌的菌丝体顶端细胞的形成受到干扰和抑制,从而阻碍菌丝体的正常发育与生长。具有预防,治疗和抑制产孢活性。对芽管和菌丝生长有抑制作用。主要用于防治小麦、果树及蔬菜等作物上的白粉病。CAS登录号为220899–03–6。其结构式如下:
异丙菌胺(iprovalicarb)、丙森锌(propineb)、霜霉灭(valifenalate)、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide)、烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)是几种广谱性的杀菌剂,对多种作物上的植物真菌病害均表现出优良防效。
本发明经过大量的配方筛选试验研究发现,当苯菌酮与异丙菌胺、丙森锌、霜霉灭、苯酰菌胺、烯丙苯噻唑、环酰菌胺中的一种或一种以上药剂任意组合时,显示出令人惊讶的杀菌效果,即表现出良好的协同作用,实际杀菌效果明显优于单独使用的理论总和,在生产上具有非常广泛的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明涉及协同杀真菌组合物,包括活性成分A和B,所述的活性成分A为苯菌酮(metrafenone),所述的活性成分B为异丙菌胺、丙森锌、霜霉灭、苯酰菌胺、烯丙苯噻唑、环酰菌胺中的一种或一种以上组合。此外,还包括农药制剂加工中可以使用的助剂。
所述组合物可以特别良好的效果用于防治各种有用作物中的植物真菌病害,所述有用作物包括但不限于常规育种作物、转基因作物、无性繁殖作物及无性繁殖材料、驯化栽培的野生植物等,特别适用于防治小麦、葫芦科蔬菜、番茄、茄子、苦瓜、豌豆、葡萄、樱桃、桃、苹果、梨、柑橘等作物病害。
可提及的具体实例为一些可用本发明的组合物防治的代表性植物真菌病害,所述实例并不限于特定属种。需要说明的是本发明并不局限于以下具体实例,还可以以相同方式延伸到其它植物真菌病害,括号注明其病原拉丁文学名:
小麦白粉病(Blumeria graminis)、葫芦科蔬菜(黄瓜、西葫芦、南瓜)白粉病(Sphaerotheca fuliginea)、冬瓜及苦瓜白粉病(Sphaerotheca cucurbitae)、豌豆白粉病(Erysiphe pisi)、葡萄白粉病(Uncinula necate)、苹果、梨白粉病(Podosphaeraleucotricha)、樱桃白粉病(Podosphaera clandestina)、猕猴桃白粉病(Phyllactiniaactinidiae)、柑橘树白粉病(Oidium citri)、番茄及辣椒白粉病(Leveillula taurica)、茄子白粉病(Oidium neolycopersici)、观赏植物腐霉病(Pythium splendens)、观赏植物霜霉病(Peronospora sparsa)、黄瓜霜霉病(Pseudoperonospora cubensis)、葡萄霜霉病(Plasmopara viticola)、马铃薯及番茄晚疫病(Phytophthora infestans)、苹果树斑点落叶病(Alternaria mali)、番茄早疫病(Alternaria solani)、果树和蔬菜灰霉病(Botrytiscinerea)等。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案予以实现:
本发明组合物组分A和B可以任意比例混配,通常一种活性成分含量高于其余活性成分,优选混合比是100:1至1:100或50:1至1:50。
本发明组合物可通过将活性成分与农药制剂加工中可以使用的助剂混合,用已知方法制备为常规的制剂,如乳油、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、悬浮剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、颗粒剂等。制剂中一般含有0.1~95%重量的活性成分,优选0.5~90%重量的活性成分。
农药制剂加工中可以使用的助剂包括但不限于:水、溶剂、填料、各种表面活性剂(乳化剂、分散剂、润湿剂等)、黏结剂、成膜剂、着色剂、防冻剂、增稠剂、助悬剂、崩解剂、消泡剂、渗透剂、增效剂、稳定剂、壁囊材料、pH调节剂、防腐剂等。并且,适当地,为了提高对特定作物耐受力,可适当添加安全剂;或者有时为了促进作物生长发育,可在混配组合物中添加常规农业肥料,制成药肥混剂。这些助剂都是农药制剂中常用或允许使用的成分,并无特别限定,可选择一种或一种以上助剂构成,具体成分和用量根据配方要求通过简单的试验确定。
所述组合物各种应用剂型的生产工艺均属现有已知技术,在此不再赘述。
本发明组合物可以多种方法使用,如兑水以常规方式喷雾使用,或直接撒施或沟施,或拌毒土撒施等,于植物播种时、出苗前、出苗后营养生长期和生殖生长期均可使用。用药量可在较宽范围内变化,并且取决于土壤的状况、使用方法、作物、待防治的植物真菌病害种类及苗龄大小、当时的气候条件及其他因素。本发明组合物通常以0.001~0.5kg活性成分混合物/公顷的用量施用,更为优选地,以0.01~0.2kg活性成分混合物/公顷的用量施用。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下技术效果:
1、混配组合物具有良好的协同作用,应用效果明显优于单剂理论效果总和,即具有超叠加作用,可更好地控制植物真菌病害发生危害;
2、混配组合物活性成分之间在植物真菌病害防治谱上具有良好的互补性,可很好扩大防治谱,综合有效控制各种植物真菌病害发生危害;
3、混配组合物具有良好的协同作用,可减少药剂使用量,降低使用成本和环境污染,提高对作物的安全性。
具体实施方式
以下给出本发明的具体实施例,需要说明的是本发明并不局限于以下具体实施例,凡在本申请技术方案基础上做的等同变换均落入本发明的保护范围。
实施例1:18%乳油
配方组成为:活性成分A为10%,活性成分B为8%,乳化剂苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚6%,乳化剂十二烷基苯磺酸钙4%,溶剂二甲苯补足至100%。
制备方法为:将所有物料投入配料釜中,搅拌溶解至完全透明,化验合格后,转移至储罐灌装。
实施例2:24%悬浮剂
配方组成为:活性成分A为8%,活性成分B为16%,润湿剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚3%,分散剂EO-PO嵌段聚醚4%,防冻剂丙二醇5%,增稠剂硅酸镁铝0.3%,水补足至100%。
制备方法为:将活性成分和润湿剂、分散剂、防冻剂和水投入搅拌釜中,充分搅拌后,将物料抽入砂磨机中进行充分研磨,研磨完成后,抽入高速剪切机中,加入增稠剂后,进行高速剪切,剪切完成后即制得悬浮剂。
实施例3:36%水分散粒剂
配方组成为:活性成分A为16%,活性成分B为20%,润湿剂木质素磺酸钠3%,分散剂萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物5%,崩解剂硫酸钠2%,黏结剂羧甲基纤维素0.5%,填料高岭土补足至100%。
制备方法为:将所有物料混合均匀后,经气流粉碎机粉碎,再次混合均匀,然后,加入一定量的水将此混合物捏合,挤压造粒,经干燥筛分,即得到水分散粒剂。
实施例4:30%水乳剂
配方组成为:活性成分A为10%,活性成分B为20%,溶剂二甲苯8%,乳化剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚5%,乳化剂顺丁烯二酸二仲辛酯磺酸钠3%,防冻剂乙二醇5%,水补足至100%。
制备方法为:将活性成分A和B用溶剂充分溶解后,投入乳化剂充分搅拌后形成油相;将防冻剂加入水中溶解,形成水相;将水相缓慢加入油相中,使用高速剪切机剪切,即可得水乳剂。
实施例5:25%微乳剂
配方组成为:活性成分A为9%,活性成分B为16%,溶剂二甲苯10%,乳化剂十二烷基苯磺酸钙6%,乳化剂苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚9%,防冻剂丙二醇5%,水补足至100%。
制备方法为:将活性成分A和B用溶剂充分溶解后,投入乳化剂和防冻剂混合均匀,最后加入去离子水,进行高速剪切,即可得微乳剂。
实施例6:54%可湿性粉剂
配方组成为:活性成分A为24%,活性成分B为30%,润湿剂拉开粉4%,分散剂烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯5%,填料硅藻土补足至100%。
制备方法为:将活性成分和各助剂混合均匀,投入机械粉粹机中进行初粉粹,之后经气流粉碎机粉碎,再混合均匀,即制得可湿性粉剂。
实施例7:5%颗粒剂
配方组成为:活性成分A为3%,活性成分B为2%,润湿剂二辛基丁二酸酯磺酸钠0.9%,分散剂木质素磺酸钙0.6%,着色剂炭黑0.1%,填料凹凸棒土补足至100%。
制备方法为:将所有物料混合均匀后,加入一定量的水将此混合物捏合,挤压造粒,经干燥筛分,即得到颗粒剂。
应用效果实例:
1、试验方法
(1)对黄瓜白粉病菌的生物活性
参照《NYT 1156.11-2008农药室内生物测定试验准则杀菌剂第11部分:防治瓜类白粉病试验盆裁法》进行。
以黄瓜白粉病菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea)为供试病菌,从田间黄瓜病叶上采集,室内接种在新鲜黄瓜幼苗上扩繁备用。
以黄瓜感病品种“新泰密刺”为供试作物,实验室盆栽,幼苗长至2片~4片真叶期备用。
选取扩繁用发病叶片,用加有少量0.1%吐温-80的纯净水,从病叶上洗脱新鲜孢子,洗脱液用双层纱布过滤,制成浓度为1×105个孢子/mL的孢子悬浮液,将其喷雾接种于“新泰密刺”黄瓜叶片上。接种24h后,将配制好的药液均匀喷施于叶面至全部润湿。待药液自然风干,移至人工气候箱培养,在20℃、12h光暗交替条件下培养。每处理设置4次重复,每重复5盆,每盆2株,并设不含药剂的处理作空白对照。待空白对照病叶率达到80%以上时,分级调查各处理发病情况。计算各处理的病情指数和防治效果。
病情指数按式(1)计算,防治效果按式(2)计算,计算结果保留小数点后两位。
式中:
X—病情指数;
Ni—各级病叶数;
i—相对级数值;
N—调查总叶数;
11—最高级数值。
式中:
P—防治效果,单位为百分数(%);
CK—空白对照病情指数;
PT—药剂处理病情指数。
(2)对马铃薯晚疫病菌和番茄早疫病菌的生物活性
参照《NYT 1156.2-2006农药室内生物测定试验准则杀菌剂第2部分:抑制病原真菌菌丝生长试验平皿法》进行。
以马铃薯晚疫病菌(Phytophthora infestans)或番茄早疫病菌(Alternariasolani)为供试病原菌。
从田间采集发病叶片,实验室分离纯化,接种在培养基上培养,培养至菌落直径达6cm左右备用(马铃薯晚疫病菌用燕麦培养基、番茄早疫病菌用PDA培养基培养)。
培养基、去离子水、划线三角瓶、培养皿、枪头、打孔器、接种器等灭菌后备用。
在无菌操作条件下,将预先融化冷却至约50℃的灭菌培养基定量加入灭菌划线三角瓶中,使培养基与划线处(60mL)平齐,然后从低浓度到高浓度依次吸取600μL药液,分别加入上述三角瓶中,充分摇匀,后等量倒入4个培养皿(Φ9cm)中,制成5个浓度梯度带药平板。并设不含药剂的处理作空白对照。将在培养基上培养好的病原菌,在无菌条件下用灭菌打孔器(Φ5mm)自菌落边缘同一圆周上切取菌饼,用接种器将菌饼接种于含药平板中央,菌丝面朝下,盖上皿盖,于培养箱中黑暗培养(马铃薯晚疫病菌于19℃培养,番茄早疫病菌于25℃培养)。根据空白对照皿中菌丝生长情况,用卡尺测量菌落直径。每个菌落采用十字交叉法垂直测量,取其平均值,计算对菌丝生长的抑制率。
按公式(3)、(4)计算各处理浓度对菌丝生长的抑制率,单位为百分率(%),计算结果保留小数点后两位。
D=D1-D2…………………………………………(3)
式中:
D—菌落增长直径,单位为毫米(mm);
D1—菌落直径,单位为毫米(mm);
D2—菌饼直径,单位为毫米(mm)。
式中:
I—菌丝生长抑制率,单位为百分数(%);
D0—空白对照菌落增长直径,单位为毫米(mm);
Dt—药剂处理菌落增长直径,单位为毫米(mm)。
(3)对黄瓜霜霉病菌的生物活性
参照《NYT 1156.7-2006农药室内生物测定试验准则杀菌剂第7部分:防治黄瓜霜霉病试验盆裁法》进行。
以黄瓜霜霉病菌(Pseudoperonospora cubensis)为供试病菌,实验室接种在黄瓜幼苗上扩繁备用。
以黄瓜感病品种“长春密刺”为供试作物,实验室盆栽,幼苗长至4片~6片真叶期备用。
选取扩繁用发病叶片,用4℃蒸馏水洗下叶片背面霜霉病菌孢子囊,洗脱液用双层纱布过滤,制成浓度为1×105个孢子囊/mL的孢子囊悬浮液,将其喷雾接种于“长春密刺”黄瓜苗叶片背面(霜霉病菌易侵染叶片背面),黑暗保湿培养24h,将配制好的药液均匀喷施于叶面至全部润湿。然后在17~22℃、12h光暗交替条件下,相对湿度为90%以上的条件下培养。每处理设置4次重复,每重复5盆,每盆2株,并设不含药剂的处理作空白对照。当空白对照发病率达到80%以上时,分级调查处理发病情况。计算各处理的病情指数和防治效果。
病情指数按式(5)计算,防治效果按式(2)计算,计算结果保留小数点后两位。
式中:
X—病情指数;
Ni—各级病叶数;
i—相对级数值;
N—调查总叶数;
9—最高级数值。
(4)组合物预期活性判定
组合物预期活性借鉴拜耳、先正达、陶氏等跨国农药企业制剂专利中判定杀菌剂组合物预期活性的方法(COLBY法):COLBY,S.R.:“Calculating Synergistic andAntagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations”,Weeds 15,p.20~22,1967进行。
组合物预期活性按(6)式计算:
式中:
X—杀菌剂1用量为P时的防效或抑制率;
Y—杀菌剂2用量为Q时的防效或抑制率;
E—杀菌剂1与杀菌剂2按上述比例混用后的实际防效或抑制率,即混配杀菌剂的实际活性;
E0—杀菌剂1用量为P+杀菌剂2用量为Q时的理论防效或抑制率,即混配杀菌剂的预期活性。
当E>E0时,即如果混配药剂的实际活性超过所计算的预期活性,则该组合就具有超叠加作用,即协同作用。
2、试验结果
试验结果详见表1~5,可见,活性成分A(苯菌酮)与选自活性成分B(环酰菌胺、丙森锌、异丙菌胺、霜霉灭等)的药剂混配后,实际活性均大于预期活性,说明苯菌酮与活性成分B中的药剂混配具有协同作用。
表1苯菌酮与环酰菌胺混配对黄瓜白粉病菌的联合作用效应
表2苯菌酮与丙森锌混配对番茄早疫病菌的联合作用效应
表3苯菌酮与异丙菌胺混配对马铃薯晚疫病菌的联合作用效应
表4苯菌酮与霜霉灭混配对马铃薯晚疫病菌的联合作用效应
表5苯菌酮与苯酰菌胺混配对黄瓜霜霉病菌的联合作用效应
Claims (5)
1.杀真菌组合物,其特征在于,包括活性成分A和B。
2.如权利要求1所述的杀真菌组合物,其特征在于,所述的活性成分A为苯菌酮。
3.如权利要求1所述的杀真菌组合物,其特征在于,所述的活性成分B为异丙菌胺、丙森锌、霜霉灭、苯酰菌胺、烯丙苯噻唑、环酰菌胺中的一种或一种以上组合。
4.如权利要求1、2或3所述的杀真菌组合物,其特征在于,除了活性成分A和B外,还包括农药制剂加工中可以使用的助剂。
5.如权利要求1、2、3或4所述的杀真菌组合物,其特征在于,将其应用于防治植物真菌病害。
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CN111685117A (zh) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-22 | 青岛润农化工有限公司 | 一种含苯菌酮和氟酰胺的杀菌组合物及其应用 |
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CN111587879B (zh) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-09-21 | 青岛润农化工有限公司 | 一种含苯菌酮和氟酰胺的水分散粒剂及其制备方法、应用 |
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