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CN106854488B - 一种预应力phc管桩混凝土专用脱模剂 - Google Patents

一种预应力phc管桩混凝土专用脱模剂 Download PDF

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CN106854488B
CN106854488B CN201611041550.3A CN201611041550A CN106854488B CN 106854488 B CN106854488 B CN 106854488B CN 201611041550 A CN201611041550 A CN 201611041550A CN 106854488 B CN106854488 B CN 106854488B
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tubular pile
pile concrete
prestressing force
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CN106854488A (zh
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仇影
丁蓓
姜海东
郭兆来
郑春扬
胡阳成
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Jiangsu Olite New Materials Co Ltd
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
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    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂，其特征在于其原料组分及各组分占原料总量的质量百分比分别为：环氧大豆油45％～58％、亲水胶体化合物0.01％～0.05％、烷基膦酸络合剂3％～5％、有机羧酸盐0.01％～0.2％、油酸酯10％～15％、水25％～38％。本发明能够显著改善管桩混凝土水泥制品的外观效果，使其表面光滑无气泡，脱模效率高，是一种PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂，可加水稀释8～12倍后使用、成本低廉、性能稳定。

Description

一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂
技术领域
本发明涉及混凝土外加剂应用领域，具体涉及一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂。
背景技术
预应力PHC管桩混凝土是一种成型过程中采用高速离心脱水的成型工艺，经过常压蒸养后，进行脱模，再在高温高压蒸养“二次养护”而成的一种空心圆筒体的等截面混凝土构件。PHC管桩用于海洋、寒冷、盐碱、大温差等恶劣环境时，对管桩的耐久性尤为考验，其耐久性与材料体系、养护工艺、脱模要求等密切相关。其中，脱模要求表面光滑无气孔，选择适合的脱模剂可以对水化产物不均匀及孔结构的劣化导致后期强度降低、耐久性受到影响的问题起到改善作用。
一般使用纯油类脱模剂(矿物质油、动物油或植物油等)，但其仅使混凝土和模具顺利分开的作用，难以改善混凝土表面马蜂窝的状况。公开号CN103409218 A公开的一种混凝土脱模剂及其制备方法，是以猪油、松香、氢氧化钠、乳化剂、磷酸三丁酯、甲醛、十二烷基甜菜碱及适量有机蒙脱土在水溶液中制备而成，该法需要在95～105℃下皂化反应，工艺条件苛刻，且含有甲醛，不利于环保要求。公开号CN 103789074B公开的一种环保型混凝土构件脱模剂及其制备方法，是以酯油类脱模油、界面隔离剂、乳化剂、消泡剂等原料制备的一种水性乳液脱模剂，具有生物降解性，可以稀释2～8倍使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了改进现有技术的不足而提供一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂，在PHC混凝土水泥制品的预制构件模板上使用专用的脱模剂，利用脱模剂的低表面张力、低粘度及消除混凝土表面气泡的作用，从而使预应力PHC管桩混凝土表面结构达到颜色一致、外观平整、光滑无气孔的目的。
本发明的技术方案为：一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂，其特征在于其原料组分及各组分占原料总量的质量百分比分别为：
优选上述的亲水胶体化合物为阿拉伯胶或琼脂。优选上述的烷基膦酸络合剂为1-十二烷基膦酸或二正辛基膦酸。
优选上述的有机羧酸盐为甲酸钠、乙酸钠或乙二酸钠。优选上述的油酸酯为三油酸甘油酯、甘油醚油酸酯或甘油单油酸酯。
将称取的各原料置于搅拌器中混合均匀，即得一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂。
有益效果：
本发明选取亲水胶体化合物，独特的高分子网络状结构，将烷基磷酸络合剂有效地笼络在脱模剂体系中，能在混凝土表面形成吸附层，与混凝土中的二氧化硅形成亲水吸附后释放网络中的络合剂，加速混凝土均匀性水化，形成致密的吸附膜。环氧大豆油与油酸酯具有强水溶性，能够增强了其涂覆性能和润滑性能，使得脱模轻松容易，也极大的消除了混凝土表面的气泡，改善了预应力PHC管桩混凝土水泥制品的外观效果，显著增强其后期抗压强度及耐久性能。不会出现分层现象，可加水稀释8～12倍使用，制备工艺简单、环保无污染，对钢材模板具有阻锈作用，适合大规模推广使用。
具体实施方式
实例1
环氧大豆油 450g
阿拉伯胶 0.5g
1-十二烷基膦酸 40g
乙二酸钠 2g
三油酸甘油酯 130g
水 377.5g
将称取的各原料置于搅拌器中混合均匀，即得一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂。
所得脱模剂经JC/T945-2005标准测试脱模性能，脱模后混凝土粘附量1.6g/m2，对钢模无锈蚀，粘度为80.3mPa.s，在-20℃～45℃稳定储存稳定。
实例2
环氧大豆油 480g
阿拉伯胶 0.1g
二正辛基膦酸 50g
甲酸钠 0.1g
甘油醚油酸酯 150g
水 319.8g
将称取的各原料置于搅拌器中混合均匀，即得一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂。
所得脱模剂经JC/T945-2005标准测试脱模性能，脱模后混凝土粘附量1.8g/m2，对钢模无锈蚀，粘度为78.6mPa.s，在-20℃～45℃稳定储存稳定。
实例3
环氧大豆油 550g
琼脂 0.2g
二正辛基膦酸 30g
乙二酸钠 1g
甘油单油酸酯 100g
水 318.8g
将称取的各原料置于搅拌器中混合均匀，即得一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂。
所得脱模剂经JC/T945-2005标准测试脱模性能，脱模后混凝土粘附量1.6g/m2，对钢模无锈蚀，粘度为82.1mPa.s，在-20℃～45℃稳定储存稳定。
实例4
环氧大豆油 580g
琼脂 0.4g
1-十二烷基膦酸 50g
乙酸钠 2g
三油酸甘油酯 110g
水 257.6g
将称取的各原料置于搅拌器中混合均匀，即得一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂。
所得脱模剂经JC/T945-2005标准测试脱模性能，脱模后混凝土粘附量2.1g/m2，对钢模无锈蚀，粘度为83.6mPa.s，在-20℃～45℃稳定储存稳定。
表1不同稀释倍数脱模剂的性能
产品类型 稀释倍数 稳定性/24h 干燥成膜时间/min 脱模粘附量/(g/m<sup>2</sup>)
对照例 原液 均匀 36 3.8
对照例 12 分层 128 6.4
实例1 原液 均匀 15 1.6
实例1 8 均匀 28 2.3
实例2 9 均匀 35 3.1
实例3 10 均匀 42 4.2
实例4 12 均匀 58 5.3

Claims (3)

1.一种预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂，其特征在于其原料组分及各组分占原料总量的质量百分比分别为：
其中所述的烷基膦酸络合剂为1-十二烷基膦酸或二正辛基膦酸；所述的有机羧酸盐为甲酸钠、乙酸钠或乙二酸钠。
2.根据权利要求1所述的预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂，其特征在于所述的亲水胶体化合物为阿拉伯胶或琼脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的预应力PHC管桩混凝土专用脱模剂，其特征在于所述的油酸酯为三油酸甘油酯、甘油醚油酸酯或甘油单油酸酯。
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