CN106853538A - A kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention mainly belongs to the field of copper nanoparticle preparation, and in particular relates to a method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticle with controllable particle size and shape. In the method, ethylene glycol is used as a solvent, ascorbic acid is used as a reducing agent, copper salt is used as a raw material, and an alkali solution is added, so as to realize the reduction and preparation of copper nanoparticles in the ethylene glycol solution. When the alkali solution is ammonia water or sodium hydroxide solution, the particle size of the copper nanoparticles can be regulated by controlling the amount of the alkali solution or copper salt added. When the alkali solution is ammonia water, the morphology of copper nanoparticles can be regulated by controlling the amount of ammonia water added. The invention has simple operation, can be completed in one step, has short reaction time, does not need high temperature conditions, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly. At the same time, there is no need to add additional particle surfactants and stabilizers, and the prepared copper nanoparticles have a uniform particle size.

Description

A method for rapid preparation of copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape

technical field

The invention mainly belongs to the field of preparation of copper nanoparticles, and specifically relates to a method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles in a solution with adjustable particle size and shape and excellent oxidation resistance, without adding any surfactant and stabilizing agent during the reaction. agent, does not require high temperatures above 100°C.

Background technique

Metal nanoparticles have physical and chemical properties different from their bulk metal materials due to their particular size and shape, and have been widely used in the fields of catalytic materials, nanodevices, optoelectronic materials, semiconductor materials, and biomedical materials. However, the current research on the synthesis of metal nanoparticles mainly focuses on gold, silver and other noble metal nanoparticles. Compared with gold and silver nanoparticles, copper nanoparticles are more active and easy to oxidize, so the reaction conditions are relatively harsh, and often need to be carried out at a high temperature above 100°C and under the protection of an inert gas, and various surface active substances need to be added. Agents are used to control the shape and size of nanoparticles, and the synthesis process is cumbersome and time-consuming. But at the same time, copper nanoparticles have excellent catalytic, optical and electrical conductivity properties, and copper is rich in resources and low in price, which has more economic advantages than gold and silver nanoparticles. More and more researchers began to pay attention to the research of copper nanoparticles.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the reported research on the preparation of copper nanoparticles, the reaction process requires high temperature, the addition of surfactants and a long reaction time, the present invention provides a method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape , the method does not need high temperature and addition of surfactant, the reaction operation is simple, and can be completed in one step within half an hour, and the morphology and particle size of the prepared copper nanoparticles can be adjusted.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape. The method uses ethylene glycol as a solvent, ascorbic acid as a reducing agent, copper salt as a raw material, and an alkali solution to achieve Copper nanoparticles were prepared by reduction in alcohol solution.

Further, when the alkali solution is ammonia water or sodium hydroxide solution, the particle size of the copper nanoparticles can be regulated by controlling the amount of the alkali solution or copper salt added.

Furthermore, when the alkaline solution is ammonia water, the morphology of copper nanoparticles can be regulated by controlling the amount of ammonia water added.

Further, the method includes the following steps:

(1) Using ethylene glycol as a solvent, prepare the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt respectively;

(2) Add the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid, the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt, and an appropriate amount of alkali solution in sequence in the container, stir and heat for a period of time;

(3) Cool the solution after the reaction in step (2) to room temperature, centrifuge, wash with deionized water, and disperse with deionized water to obtain a dispersion of copper nanoparticles. After drying, copper nanoparticle powder can be obtained. The copper nanoparticle powder has a certain particle size and particle shape.

Further, in step (1), the prepared ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid has a concentration of 0.04 mol/L to 0.22 mol/L, and the prepared copper salt has a concentration of 5 mmol/L to 70 mmol/L.

Further, in step (1), the copper salt used is copper sulfate pentahydrate, copper sulfate anhydrous, copper acetylacetonate, copper chloride or copper nitrate.

Further, in step (2), the alkali solution used is ammonia water or sodium hydroxide solution;

When the alkaline solution adopts ammonia water, the concentration of ammonia water in the reaction system is controlled to be 0.05 mol/liter to 0.5 mol/liter;

When sodium hydroxide solution is used as the alkali solution, the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the reaction system is controlled to be 0.02 mol/liter to 0.25 mol/liter.

Further, in step (2), the volumes of the added ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the added ethylene glycol solution of copper salt are equal.

Further, in step (2), the heating reaction temperature is 65° C. to 100° C., and the heating reaction time is 5 minutes to 30 minutes.

Further, the particle size range of the copper nanoparticles prepared by the method is 50-800 nanometers; the shape of the copper nanoparticles prepared by the method can be adjusted from an irregular cube to a popcorn-shaped sphere, and the shape is uniform , uniform particle size.

Beneficial technical effect of the present invention:

In the synthesis process of copper nanoparticles described in the patent of the present invention, ethylene glycol is used instead of aqueous solution as the reaction solvent to reduce the possibility of copper nanoparticles being oxidized; Reductant-like, has better biocompatibility, and reduces the burden of environmental pollution.

Ammonia water was selected as the pH regulator. On the one hand, the influence of ammonia water on the pH value of the system was used to regulate the reducing ability of ascorbic acid. On the other hand, the coordination between ammonia water and copper ions was used to control the nucleation and growth rate of copper nanoparticles.

This reaction method does not require additional nitrogen protection, and does not need to add any surfactants. The size of copper nanoparticles can be regulated in a wide range by simply changing the ratio of raw materials, and the morphology of copper nanoparticles can also be adjusted. The size of the nanoparticles obtained is uniform from the irregular polyhedron to the popcorn spherical shape; and because no surfactant is added, the washing steps are simple, and the yield and purity of the product are high.

During the formation of copper nanoparticles, ascorbic acid molecules and ethylene glycol molecules can be adsorbed on the surface of copper nanoparticles, which play a good role in stabilizing the particles. After centrifugal washing, the aqueous dispersion of copper nanoparticles can Stable storage for a long time.

In addition, the reaction can proceed smoothly when the temperature is lower than 100°C, and the reaction time is only 5 to 30 minutes, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of the reaction process. The whole reaction is simple to operate and highly reproducible.

Compared with the preparation method of reported copper nanoparticles, the present invention has the following outstanding advantages: the reaction process does not need the addition of surfactant; the reaction time is short; the reaction does not require high temperature; the product particle size is controllable (for example, less than 100 nanometers, 100 to 200 nanometers, 200 to 500 nanometers, and above 500 nanometers); the shape of the product can be adjusted from an irregular cube to a popcorn-shaped sphere, and the shape is uniform and the particle size is uniform.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and morphology;

Reference signs: 1. Reaction container, 2. Reaction raw material, 3. Polyhedral copper nanoparticles, 4. Popcorn spherical copper nanoparticles.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific implementations described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

On the contrary, the invention covers any alternatives, modifications, equivalent methods and schemes within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims. Further, in order to make the public have a better understanding of the present invention, some specific details are described in detail in the detailed description of the present invention below. The present invention can be fully understood by those skilled in the art without the description of these detailed parts.

As shown in Figure 1, a method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) Using ethylene glycol as a solvent, respectively configuring an ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and an ethylene glycol solution of copper salt; the concentration of the prepared ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid is 0.04 mol/liter to 0.22 mol/liter , the concentration of the prepared copper salt is 5 mmol/L to 70 mmol/L; the copper salt used is copper sulfate pentahydrate, copper sulfate anhydrous, copper acetylacetonate, copper chloride or copper nitrate.

(2) Add the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid, the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt, and an appropriate amount of alkali solution in turn into the container, stir and heat for a period of time; the alkali solution used is ammonia water or sodium hydroxide solution;

When the alkali solution adopts ammonia water, the concentration of ammonia water in the reaction system is controlled to be 0.05 mol/liter to 0.5 mole/liter; when the alkali solution adopts sodium hydroxide solution, the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the reaction system is controlled 0.02 mol/liter to 0.25 mol/liter;

The ethylene glycol solution of the added ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of the copper salt added are equal in volume.

The heating reaction temperature is 65° C. to 100° C., and the heating reaction time is 5 minutes to 30 minutes.

(3) Cool the solution after the reaction in step (2) to room temperature, centrifuge, wash with deionized water, and disperse with deionized water to obtain a dispersion of copper nanoparticles, which contains copper nanoparticles that can exist stably for a long time copper nanoparticles.

The dispersion liquid prepared in step (3) can be dried to obtain copper nanoparticle powder, and the particle size range of the copper nanoparticle prepared by the method is 50-800 nanometers. The morphology of the copper nanoparticles prepared by the method can be adjusted from irregular cubes to popcorn-shaped spheres, and has uniform morphology and uniform particle size.

Example 1

A method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape, the method comprising the following steps:

(1) Using ethylene glycol as a solvent, configure the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt respectively; The copper salt selected in is copper sulfate pentahydrate, and the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate prepared is 0.022 mol/liter.

(2) Add the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid, the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt, and an appropriate amount of alkali solution prepared in step (1) in sequence in the container, stir and heat for reaction. The temperature of the heating reaction is 85°C. The time is 30 minutes;

Wherein, the volume of the ethylene glycol solution of the ascorbic acid that adds and the ethylene glycol solution of the copper sulfate pentahydrate that add are equal, are 6 milliliters;

Wherein, the alkali solution added is 2.5% ammonia solution by mass percentage, and the addition amount is 1 milliliter; at this time, the concentration of ammonia water in the reaction system is 0.102 mol/liter.

(3) Cool the solution after the reaction in step (2) to room temperature, centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes, wash with deionized water, and disperse the obtained precipitate with deionized water, wash in this way three times, and disperse with deionized water , to obtain the dispersion liquid of copper nanoparticles, bottle it, and seal it with a parafilm for storage.

In addition, the copper nanoparticle dispersion can also be dried to obtain copper nanoparticle powder, the particle diameter of the copper nanoparticle powder is about 200 nm, and the particle shape is polyhedron.

Example 2

A method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape, the method comprising the following steps:

(1) Using ethylene glycol as a solvent, configure the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt respectively; The copper salt selected in is copper sulfate pentahydrate, and the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate prepared is 0.03 mol/liter.

(2) Add the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid, the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt, and an appropriate amount of alkali solution prepared in step (1) in sequence in the container, stir and place in an oil bath for heating reaction. The heating reaction temperature is 85°C, the heating reaction time is 30 minutes;

Wherein, the volume of the ethylene glycol solution of the ascorbic acid that adds and the ethylene glycol solution of the copper sulfate pentahydrate that add are equal, are 6 milliliters;

Wherein, the alkali solution added is 2.5% ammonia solution by mass percentage, and the addition amount is 1 milliliter; at this time, the concentration of ammonia water in the reaction system is 0.102 mol/liter.

(3) Cool the solution after the reaction in step (2) to room temperature, centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes, wash with deionized water, and disperse the obtained precipitate with deionized water, wash in this way three times, and disperse with deionized water , to obtain the dispersion liquid of copper nanoparticles, bottle it, and seal it with a parafilm for storage.

In addition, the copper nanoparticle dispersion can also be dried to obtain copper nanoparticle powder, the particle size of the copper nanoparticle powder is about 300 nm, and the particle shape is polyhedron.

By comparing the experimental results of Example 1 and Example 2, it can be seen that the particle size of copper nanoparticles can be effectively regulated by regulating the amount of copper sulfate pentahydrate (one of the copper salts) added.

Example 3

A method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape, the method comprising the following steps:

(1) Using ethylene glycol as a solvent, configure the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt respectively; The copper salt selected in is copper sulfate pentahydrate, and the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate prepared is 0.03 mol/liter.

(2) Add the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid, the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt, and an appropriate amount of alkali solution prepared in step (1) in sequence in the container, stir and heat for reaction. The temperature of the heating reaction is 85°C. The time is 30 minutes;

Wherein, the volume of the ethylene glycol solution of the ascorbic acid that adds and the ethylene glycol solution of the copper sulfate pentahydrate that add are equal, are 6 milliliters;

Wherein, the alkali solution added is 2.5% ammonia solution by mass percentage, and the addition amount is 0.5 milliliters; at this moment, the concentration of ammonia water in the reaction system is 0.053 mol/liter.

(3) Cool the solution after the reaction in step (2) to room temperature, centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes, wash with deionized water, and disperse the obtained precipitate with deionized water, wash in this way three times, and disperse with deionized water , to obtain the dispersion liquid of copper nanoparticles, bottle it, and seal it with a parafilm for storage.

In addition, the copper nanoparticle dispersion can also be dried to obtain copper nanoparticle powder. The copper nanoparticle powder has a particle diameter of about 600 nm and a particle shape of a popcorn-shaped sphere.

By comparing the experimental results of Example 2 and Example 3, it can be known that the morphology of copper nanoparticles can be effectively regulated by regulating the amount of lye added.

Example 4

A method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape, the method comprising the following steps:

(1) Using ethylene glycol as a solvent, configure the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt respectively; The copper salt selected in is copper sulfate pentahydrate, and the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate prepared is 0.03 mol/liter.

(2) Add the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid, the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt, and an appropriate amount of alkali solution prepared in step (1) in sequence in the container, stir and heat for reaction. The temperature of the heating reaction is 85°C. The time is 30 minutes;

Wherein, the volume of the ethylene glycol solution of the ascorbic acid that adds and the ethylene glycol solution of the copper sulfate pentahydrate that add are equal, are 6 milliliters;

Wherein, the alkali solution added is 2.5% ammonia solution by mass percentage, and the addition amount is 1 milliliter; at this time, the concentration of ammonia water in the reaction system is 0.102 mol/liter.

(3) Cool the solution after the reaction in step (2) to room temperature, centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes, wash with deionized water, and disperse the obtained precipitate with deionized water, wash in this way three times, and disperse with deionized water , to obtain the dispersion liquid of copper nanoparticles, bottle it, and seal it with a parafilm for storage.

In addition, the copper nanoparticle dispersion can also be dried to obtain copper nanoparticle powder, the particle size of the copper nanoparticle powder is about 300 nm, and the particle shape is polyhedron.

By comparing Example 2 and Example 4, it can be known that changing the addition amount of the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid will not affect the particle size and shape of the copper nanoparticles. Therefore, it is only necessary to control the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid within the range of 0.04 mol/liter to 0.22 mol/liter.

Example 5

A method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape, the method comprising the following steps:

(1) Using ethylene glycol as a solvent, configure the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt respectively; The selected copper salt is copper nitrate, and the concentration of the prepared copper nitrate solution in ethylene glycol is 0.022 mol/liter.

(2) Add the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid, the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt, and an appropriate amount of alkali solution prepared in step (1) in sequence in the container, stir and heat for reaction. The temperature of the heating reaction is 85°C. The time is 30 minutes;

Wherein, the ethylene glycol solution of the ascorbic acid that adds is equal in volume to the ethylene glycol solution of the copper nitrate that adds, is 6 milliliters;

Wherein, the alkali solution added is 2.5% ammonia solution by mass percentage, and the addition amount is 1 milliliter; at this time, the concentration of ammonia water in the reaction system is 0.102 mol/liter.

(3) Cool the solution after the reaction in step (2) to room temperature, centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes, wash with deionized water, and disperse the obtained precipitate with deionized water, wash in this way three times, and disperse with deionized water , to obtain the dispersion liquid of copper nanoparticles, bottle it, and seal it with a parafilm for storage.

In addition, the copper nanoparticle dispersion can also be dried to obtain copper nanoparticle powder, the particle diameter of the copper nanoparticle powder is about 200 nm, and the particle shape is polyhedron.

By comparing Example 1 and Example 5, it can be seen that polyhedral copper nanoparticles with the same particle size can also be prepared by changing the type of copper salt.

Example 6

A method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape, the method comprising the following steps:

(1) Using ethylene glycol as a solvent, configure the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt respectively; The copper salt selected in is copper sulfate pentahydrate, and the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate prepared is 0.022 mol/liter.

(2) Add the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid, the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt, and an appropriate amount of alkali solution prepared in step (1) in sequence in the container, stir and heat for reaction. The temperature of the heating reaction is 85°C. The time is 30 minutes;

Wherein, the ethylene glycol solution of the ascorbic acid that adds is equal in volume to the ethylene glycol solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate that adds, is 6 milliliters;

Wherein, the alkali solution added is a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 1.33 mol/liter, and the addition amount is 0.5 milliliters; at this time, the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the reaction system is 0.05 mol/liter.

(3) Cool the solution after the reaction in step (2) to room temperature, centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes, wash with deionized water, and disperse the obtained precipitate with deionized water, wash in this way three times, and disperse with deionized water , to obtain the dispersion liquid of copper nanoparticles, bottle it, and seal it with a parafilm for storage.

In addition, the copper nanoparticle dispersion can also be dried to obtain copper nanoparticle powder, the particle diameter of the copper nanoparticle powder is about 200 nm, and the particle shape is polyhedron.

By comparing Example 1 and Example 6, it can be seen that polyhedral copper nanoparticles can also be prepared by changing the type of alkali.

Example 7

A method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape, the method comprising the following steps:

(1) Using ethylene glycol as a solvent, configure the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt respectively; The copper salt selected in is copper sulfate pentahydrate, and the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate prepared is 0.03 mol/liter.

(2) Add the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid, the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt, and an appropriate amount of alkali solution prepared in step (1) in sequence in the container, stir and heat for reaction. The heating reaction temperature is 90°C. The time is 30 minutes;

Wherein, the ethylene glycol solution of the ascorbic acid that adds is equal in volume to the ethylene glycol solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate that adds, is 6 milliliters;

Wherein, the alkali solution added is 2.5% ammonia solution by mass percentage, and the addition amount is 1 milliliter; at this time, the concentration of ammonia water in the reaction system is 0.102 mol/liter.

(3) Cool the solution after the reaction in step (2) to room temperature, centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes, wash with deionized water, and disperse the obtained precipitate with deionized water, wash in this way three times, and disperse with deionized water , to obtain the dispersion liquid of copper nanoparticles, bottle it, and seal it with a parafilm for storage.

In addition, the copper nanoparticle dispersion can also be dried to obtain copper nanoparticle powder, the particle size of the copper nanoparticle powder is about 300 nm, and the particle shape is polyhedron.

By comparing Example 2 and Example 7, it can be known that the reaction temperature varies within the range of 65° C. to 100° C., and has no effect on the morphology and particle size of copper nanoparticles.

Example 8

A method for rapidly preparing copper nanoparticles with controllable particle size and shape, the method comprising the following steps:

(1) Using ethylene glycol as a solvent, configure the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt respectively; The copper salt selected in is copper sulfate pentahydrate, and the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate prepared is 0.03 mol/liter.

(2) Add the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid, the ethylene glycol solution of copper salt, and an appropriate amount of alkali solution prepared in step (1) in sequence in the container, stir and heat for reaction. The temperature of the heating reaction is 85°C. The time is 10 minutes;

Wherein, the ethylene glycol solution of the ascorbic acid that adds is equal in volume to the ethylene glycol solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate that adds, is 6 milliliters;

Wherein, the alkali solution added is 2.5% ammonia solution by mass percentage, and the addition amount is 0.5 milliliters; at this moment, the concentration of ammonia water in the reaction system is 0.053 mol/liter.

(3) Cool the solution after the reaction in step (2) to room temperature, centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes, wash with deionized water, and disperse the obtained precipitate with deionized water, wash in this way three times, and disperse with deionized water , to obtain the dispersion liquid of copper nanoparticles, bottle it, and seal it with a parafilm for storage.

In addition, the copper nanoparticle dispersion can also be dried to obtain copper nanoparticle powder. The copper nanoparticle powder has a particle diameter of about 600 nm and a particle shape of a popcorn-shaped sphere.

By comparing Example 3 and Example 8, it can be seen that the reaction time varies within 5-30 minutes, and has no effect on the morphology and particle size of copper nanoparticles.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable, it is characterised in that methods described is with second two Alcohol adds aqueous slkali as solvent, using ascorbic acid as reducing agent, with mantoquita as raw material, to realize in ethylene glycol solution Middle reduction prepares copper nano-particle.

2. a kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable according to claim 1, its feature exists In when aqueous slkali is ammoniacal liquor or sodium hydroxide solution, the particle size of copper nano-particle can be by controlling aqueous slkali or copper The addition of salt is regulated and controled.

3. a kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable according to claim 1, its feature exists In when aqueous slkali is ammoniacal liquor, the pattern of copper nano-particle can be regulated and controled by controlling the addition of ammoniacal liquor.

4. a kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable according to claim 1, its feature exists In the described method comprises the following steps：

（1）Using ethylene glycol as solvent, the ethylene glycol solution of ascorbic acid and the ethylene glycol solution of mantoquita are respectively configured；

（2）Ethylene glycol solution, the ethylene glycol solution of mantoquita, the appropriate aqueous slkali of ascorbic acid are sequentially added in a reservoir, are stirred Mix and heating response for a period of time；

（3）By step（2）Reacted solution is cooled to room temperature, centrifugation, is washed with deionized, and is disperseed with deionized water, i.e., The dispersion liquid of copper nano-particle is obtained, after drying, copper nano-particle powder can be obtained, the copper nano-particle powder has certain particle diameter big Small and particle morphology.

5. a kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable according to claim 4, its feature exists In step（1）In, the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution of the ascorbic acid for preparing for 0.04 mol/L to 0.22 mole/ Rise, the concentration of the mantoquita for preparing is 5 mM/ls to 70 mM/ls.

6. a kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable according to claim 4, its feature exists In step（1）In, the mantoquita for using is Salzburg vitriol, anhydrous cupric sulfate, acetylacetone copper, copper chloride or copper nitrate.

7. a kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable according to claim 4, its feature exists In step（2）In, the aqueous slkali for using is ammoniacal liquor or sodium hydroxide solution；

When the aqueous slkali use ammoniacal liquor when, control concentration of the ammoniacal liquor in reaction system be 0.05 mol/L to 0.5 mole/ Rise；

When the aqueous slkali use sodium hydroxide solution when, control concentration of the NaOH in reaction system be 0.02 mole/ Rise to 0.25 mol/L.

8. a kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable according to claim 4, its feature exists In in step（2）In, the ethylene glycol solution of the ascorbic acid of addition is equal with the ethylene glycol solution volume of the mantoquita for adding.

9. a kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable according to claim 4, its feature exists In step（2）In, heating response temperature is 65 DEG C to 100 DEG C, and the time of heating response is 5 minutes to 30 minutes.

10. a kind of quick method for preparing particle diameter and the copper nano-particle of morphology controllable according to claim 1, its feature exists In the particle size range of the copper nano-particle that methods described is prepared is 50-800 nanometers；The copper that methods described is prepared is received The pattern of rice corpuscles can be regulated to the flower-shaped spheroid of rice krispies by irregular cube, and pattern is uniform, homogeneous grain diameter.