CN106851665A - The downdip adjusting method of antenna and base station - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for adjusting an antenna downtilt angle and a base station. The method for adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna of the present invention includes: the base station obtains an optimization objective function, and the optimization objective function is a convex function about the downtilt angle of the antenna; the base station determines the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the relationship between each user equipment and the The included angle between the base stations; the base station uses an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain the included angle according to the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the included angle between each user equipment and the base station within the preset adjustment interval of the downtilt angle The optimal downtilt angle of the optimization objective function, where the optimal downtilt angle is the downtilt angle corresponding to the optimal value of the optimization objective function; the base station adjusts the downtilt angle of the antenna to the optimal downtilt angle. The invention can realize the optimal adjustment of the downtilt angle of the antenna of the base station, and improves the efficiency of adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna.

Description

Antenna Downtilt Adjustment Method and Base Station

technical field

Embodiments of the present invention relate to communication technologies, and in particular to a method for adjusting an antenna downtilt angle and a base station.

Background technique

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, base station antennas have an increasing impact on network performance and even user experience. How to select a suitable antenna when deploying a wireless communication network (such as TD-LTE) to ensure the best network performance and user experience is an increasingly concerned issue in wireless communication networking. Among them, the downtilt angle of the antenna of the base station is an important factor of the coverage radius of the cell. Unreasonable setting of the downtilt angle of the antenna will lead to problems such as weak coverage and overlapping coverage of the cell, thereby affecting network performance.

Usually, when adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna of the base station, a manual intervention adjustment method is adopted, and the efficiency of adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna in this way is low.

Contents of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for adjusting a downtilt angle of an antenna and a base station, so as to improve the efficiency of adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for adjusting an antenna downtilt angle, including:

The base station acquires an optimization objective function, where the optimization objective function includes a function of the throughput of the base station, a function of the average spectral efficiency of the base station, a function of the weighted throughput of the base station, and a function of the weighted average spectral efficiency of the base station Any item in the function, the optimization objective function is a convex function about the downtilt angle of the antenna;

The base station determines the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the angle between each user equipment and the base station;

The base station uses an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain the optimal value of the optimization objective function according to the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the angle between the user equipment and the base station within the preset adjustment interval of the downtilt angle. Downtilt angle, the optimal downtilt angle is the downtilt angle corresponding to the optimal value of the optimization objective function;

The base station adjusts the downtilt angle of the antenna to the optimal downtilt angle.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the base station determining an angle between each user equipment and the base station includes:

The base station sends a location measurement instruction message to each user equipment, where the location measurement instruction message is used to instruct the user equipment to perform location measurement, and send location information of the user equipment to the base station;

The base station receives the location information sent by each user equipment;

The base station determines the angle between the user equipment and the base station according to the location information of each user equipment and the location information of the base station.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the location information of the user equipment includes the horizontal distance from the user equipment to the base station and the user equipment the height of the equipment, the location information of the base station includes the antenna height of the base station;

The base station determines the angle between the user equipment and the base station according to the location information of each user equipment and the location information of the base station, including:

The base station uses an inverse trigonometric function to determine the angle between the user equipment and the base station according to the horizontal distance from each user equipment to the base station, the height of the user equipment, and the antenna height of the base station, respectively;

Wherein, the inverse trigonometric function includes an arctangent function and an inverse cotangent function.

With reference to the first possible implementation of the first aspect or the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect, the location measurement indication message further includes measurement period information and at least one item of sending method information.

With reference to any of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, before the base station acquires the optimization objective function, the method further includes:

The base station receives the antenna downtilt adjustment indication message and the optimization objective function indication message sent by the network management system, the antenna downtilt adjustment indication message is used to instruct the base station to adjust the antenna downtilt, and the optimization objective function indication The message includes an optimization objective function and parameter values for said optimization objective.

With reference to any of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the throughput of the base station, or

The optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the weighted throughput of the base station, The parameter value of the optimization target includes a weighting factor α _u of the throughput of each user equipment; or

The optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the average spectral efficiency of the base station, or

The optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the weighted average spectral efficiency of the base station, The parameter value of the optimization target includes a weighting factor α _u of the spectrum efficiency of each user equipment;

Among them, θ _m is the downtilt angle of the antenna of the base station, N is the number of user equipments, U is the set of user equipments, r _u (θ _m ) is the throughput of user equipment u, and w _u is the bandwidth of user equipment u.

With reference to any of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the base station determining the interference signal strength of each user equipment includes:

The base station receives the reference signal received power RSRP of the adjacent cell sent by each user equipment;

The base station determines the interference signal strength of each user equipment according to the RSRP of the adjacent cell of each user equipment.

In combination with any of the above possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes:

The base station sends a downtilt indication message to each neighboring base station, where the downtilt indication message includes the optimal downtilt.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, including:

An acquisition module, configured to acquire an optimization objective function, where the optimization objective function includes a function of the throughput of the base station, a function of the average spectral efficiency of the base station, a function of the weighted throughput of the base station, and a weighted function of the base station Any one of the functions of the average spectral efficiency, the optimization objective function is a convex function about the downtilt angle of the antenna;

A processing module, configured to determine the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the angle between each user equipment and the base station;

The processing module is further configured to use an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain the optimization according to the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the angle between each user equipment and the base station within the preset adjustment interval of the downtilt angle. The optimal downtilt angle of the objective function, the optimal downtilt angle being the corresponding downtilt angle of the optimal value of the optimized objective function;

The processing module is further configured to adjust the downtilt angle of the antenna to the optimal downtilt angle.

With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the base station further includes a sending module and a receiving module;

The processing module is configured to determine the angle between each user equipment and the base station, including:

The processing module sends a location measurement instruction message to each user equipment through the sending module, the location measurement instruction message is used to instruct the user equipment to perform location measurement, and send the location information of the user equipment to the base station;

The processing module receives the location information sent by each user equipment through the receiving module;

The processing module determines the angle between the user equipment and the base station according to the location information of each user equipment and the location information of the base station.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the location information of the user equipment includes the horizontal distance from the user equipment to the base station and the user equipment the height of the equipment, the location information of the base station includes the antenna height of the base station;

The processing module determines the angle between the user equipment and the base station according to the location information of each user equipment and the location information of the base station, including:

The processing module uses an inverse trigonometric function to determine the angle between the user equipment and the base station according to the horizontal distance from each user equipment to the base station, the height of the user equipment, and the antenna height of the base station;

Wherein, the inverse trigonometric function includes an arctangent function and an inverse cotangent function.

With reference to any one of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the location measurement indication message further includes at least one of measurement cycle information and transmission mode information.

With reference to any of the foregoing possible implementations of the second aspect, in a fourth possible implementation of the second aspect, the receiving module is further configured to receive an antenna downtilt adjustment indication message and an optimization antenna sent by the network management system. An objective function indication message, the antenna downtilt adjustment indication message is used to instruct the base station to adjust the antenna downtilt, and the optimization objective function indication message includes an optimization objective function and parameter values of the optimization objective.

With reference to any of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the throughput of the base station, or

The optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the weighted throughput of the base station, The parameter value of the optimization target includes a weighting factor α _u of the throughput of each user equipment; or

The optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the average spectral efficiency of the base station, or

The optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the weighted average spectral efficiency of the base station, The parameter value of the optimization target includes a weighting factor α _u of the spectrum efficiency of each user equipment;

Among them, θ _m is the downtilt angle of the antenna of the base station, N is the number of user equipments, U is the set of user equipments, r _u (θ _m ) is the throughput of user equipment u, and w _u is the bandwidth of user equipment u.

With reference to any of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the processing module is configured to determine the interference signal strength of each user equipment, including:

The processing module receives the reference signal received power RSRP of the adjacent cell sent by each user equipment through the receiving module;

The processing module determines the interference signal strength of each user equipment according to the RSRP of the adjacent cell of each user equipment.

With reference to any of the above possible implementations of the second aspect, in a seventh possible implementation of the second aspect, the sending module is further configured to send a downtilt indication message to each neighboring base station, the downtilt indication The message includes said optimal downtilt.

The method for adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna and the base station according to the embodiment of the present invention, the base station triggers the adjustment of the downtilt angle of the antenna after obtaining the optimized objective function, and the base station determines the interference signal strength and For the included angle between each user equipment and the base station, use an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain the optimal downtilt angle of the optimization objective function within the preset adjustment interval of the downtilt angle, and then adjust the downtilt angle of the antenna to the optimal downtilt angle, thereby The optimal adjustment of the downtilt angle of the antenna of the base station is realized, the efficiency of adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna is improved, and the network performance is optimized.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings on the premise of not paying creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of Embodiment 1 of the method for adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a downtilt angle of an antenna of a base station;

3 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining an optimal downtilt angle by a base station using an iterative segmentation algorithm;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that iterative segmentation algorithm obtains optimal downtilt angle;

FIG. 5 is a signaling flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the method for adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna of the present invention;

6 is a flow chart of Embodiment 3 of the method for adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a base station according to the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of the method for adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the method of this embodiment may include:

Step 101, the base station obtains an optimization objective function, the optimization objective function includes a function of the throughput of the base station, a function of the average spectral efficiency of the base station, a function of the weighted throughput of the base station, and a weighted average of the base station Any one of the functions of spectral efficiency, the optimization objective function is a convex function about the downtilt angle of the antenna.

Wherein, the optimization objective function can be the optimization objective function preset by the base station. When the base station judges that the downtilt angle of the antenna needs to be adjusted, the optimization objective function can be obtained, and the following steps are used to determine the optimal downtilt angle. The tilt angle is adjusted to the optimal downtilt angle to optimize network performance. The optimization objective function may also be that the base station receives the antenna downtilt adjustment indication message and the optimization objective function indication message sent by the network management system (OAM), and obtains the optimization objective function from the optimization objective function indication message, and according to the downtilt adjustment indication message of the antenna, The tilt angle adjustment instruction message adjusts the downtilt angle of the antenna.

Step 102, the base station determines the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the angle between each user equipment and the base station.

Specifically, the base station determines each user equipment that the base station is transmitting data, and determines the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the angle between each user equipment and the base station.

Step 103, the base station uses an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain the optimization objective function according to the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the angle between the user equipment and the base station within the preset adjustment interval of the downtilt angle The optimal down-tilt angle is the down-tilt angle corresponding to the optimal value of the optimization objective function.

Specifically, since the optimization objective function is a convex function about the downtilt angle, the optimization objective function has a maximum value (ie, an optimal value).

Step 104, the base station adjusts the downtilt angle of the antenna to the optimal downtilt angle.

Optionally, the base station determines the angle between each user equipment and the base station, specifically: the base station sends a position measurement indication message to each user equipment, and the position measurement indication message is used to indicate that the user equipment performing position measurement, and sending the position information of the user equipment to the base station; the base station receives the position information sent by each user equipment; the base station determines the position information according to the position information of each user equipment and the position information of the base station respectively The included angle between the user equipment and the base station.

Optionally, the location information of the user equipment includes a horizontal distance from the user equipment to the base station and a height of the user equipment, and the location information of the base station includes an antenna height of the base station; The location information of each user equipment and the location information of the base station determine the angle between the user equipment and the base station, specifically: the base station respectively according to the horizontal distance from each user equipment to the base station, the The height of the user equipment and the height of the antenna of the base station, using an inverse trigonometric function to determine the angle between the user equipment and the base station; wherein the inverse trigonometric function includes an arc tangent function and an inverse cotangent function.

It should be noted that, in another implementable manner, the user equipment may acquire the absolute location of the user equipment, and the corresponding location information of the user equipment may include the absolute location of the user equipment and the height of the user equipment, and the location information of the base station may include The absolute position of the base station and the antenna height of the base station, the base station can calculate and obtain the horizontal distance between the user equipment and the base station according to the absolute position of the user equipment and the absolute position of the base station, and then according to the horizontal distance from the user equipment to the base station, the height of the user equipment and the antenna height of the base station, and use an inverse trigonometric function to determine the angle between the user equipment and the base station.

Optionally, the location measurement indication message further includes at least one item of measurement period information and transmission mode information.

Optionally, the base station determines the angle between each user equipment and the base station, which may also be implemented by using an "arrival angle estimation" method, that is, the base station processes the received signal, and through "arrival angle estimation" " method to obtain the angle between each user equipment and the base station. As for the specific implementation method of "arrival angle estimation", details will not be repeated here.

Optionally, the method may further include: the base station receiving an antenna downtilt adjustment instruction message and an optimization objective function instruction message sent by a network management system, the antenna downtilt adjustment instruction message being used to instruct the base station to adjust The downtilt angle of the antenna, the optimization objective function indication message includes the optimization objective function and the parameter value of the optimization objective.

Optionally, the optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the throughput of the base station, or

The optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the weighted throughput of the base station, The parameter value of the optimization target includes a weighting factor α _u of the throughput of each user equipment; or

The optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the average spectral efficiency of the base station, The parameter value of the optimization target is a weighting factor α _u of the throughput of each user equipment; or

The optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the weighted average spectral efficiency of the base station, The parameter value of the optimization target includes a weighting factor α _u of the throughput of each user equipment;

Among them, θ _m is the downtilt angle of the antenna of the base station, N is the number of user equipments, U is the set of user equipments, r _u (θ _m ) is the throughput of user equipment u, and w _u is the bandwidth of user equipment u.

Specifically, for the weighting factor α _u of the throughput of each user equipment, different weighting factors may be used for the cell center user equipment and the edge user equipment, which can achieve the effect of balancing the spectrum efficiency of the center user equipment and the edge user equipment. For example, a larger weighting factor α _u may be used for the edge user equipment than that for the central user equipment, which can effectively improve the spectrum efficiency of the edge user equipment.

Optionally, the base station determines the interference signal strength of each user equipment, which may be specifically: the base station receives the reference signal received power RSRP of the adjacent cell sent by each user equipment; The RSRP determines the interference signal strength of each user equipment.

Optionally, the method may further include: the base station sending a downtilt indication message to each neighboring base station, where the downtilt indication message includes the optimal downtilt angle.

In this embodiment, the base station triggers the downtilt adjustment of the antenna after obtaining the optimization objective function. Before adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna, the base station determines the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the distance between each user equipment and the base station. In the preset adjustment interval of the downtilt angle, use the iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain the optimal downtilt angle of the optimized objective function, and then adjust the downtilt angle of the antenna to the optimal downtilt angle, so as to realize the optimization of the downtilt angle of the antenna of the base station The adjustment improves the downtilt angle adjustment efficiency of the antenna and optimizes the network performance.

It should be noted that one base station in the embodiment of the present invention corresponds to one cell, and the base station and cell have the same meaning, and their names can be used interchangeably. Of course, it can be understood that the base station may include multiple cells, such as three cells, then the adjustment method of the embodiment of the present invention may also be used for the adjustment of the downtilt angle of the antenna of each cell, and the technical principle is the same.

The technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described in detail below using several specific embodiments.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the downtilt angle of the antenna of a base station. As shown in Figure 2, the height of the base station is h _m , the height of the user equipment (User Equipment, referred to as UE) is h _u , and the horizontal distance between the base station and the UE is d _m,u , the downtilt angle of the antenna is θ _m , the downtilt angle of the antenna is the angle between the main lobe direction of the antenna and the horizontal direction, and the angle between the user equipment and the base station is θ _m,u . The antenna has an adjustable downtilt angle θ _m , and the downtilt angle will affect performance indicators such as system coverage, throughput, and spectral efficiency. The downtilt angle of the antenna is adjusted within a reasonable range, θ _min ≤ θ _m ≤ θ _max . According to the positional relationship and angle between the base station m and the user equipment u as shown in FIG. 2 . Wherein the following formula (1) can be used to calculate the angle θ _m,u between the user equipment and the base station.

First, the throughput of a single user can be obtained in the following manner. Specifically, for a certain user equipment u, u∈U, U is a set of user equipments, and its serving base station is denoted as m, and u receives signals from m and is interfered by other base stations.

Suppose G _m,u (θ _m ) is the antenna gain from base station m to user equipment u, ρ _m,u is the path loss factor between m and u, and P _m is the transmit power of base station m. For simplicity, shadow fading and fast fading are not considered.

Here, ρ ₀ is a fixed path loss factor, d _m,u is the distance (km) between m and u, and β is a path loss coefficient.

Antenna gain G _m,u (θ _m ) consists of two parts: horizontal antenna gain and vertical antenna gain, where the horizontal antenna gain and the horizontal angle between m and u The vertical antenna gain is related to the vertical angle θ _m,u between m and u. The two included angles depend on the positions of m and u.

According to the definition of 3GPP, the log domain of antenna gain G _m,u (θ _m ) of user equipment u The expression for is:

in is the horizontal antenna gain, is the angle between u and the direction of the main lobe of the antenna:

A _V (θ) is the vertical antenna gain, and θ is the vertical angle between u and the antenna:

Wherein, θ _3dB = 10°, SLA _v = 20dB. θ _etilt is the downtilt angle of the antenna.

For simplicity, the horizontal antenna gain and vertical antenna gain Can be expressed as:

Accordingly, there are

S _m,u (θ _m )＝G _m,u (θ _m )ρ _m,u P _m (8)

In the embodiment of the present invention, the base station independently optimizes and adjusts the downtilt angle of its own antenna according to the available information, and notifies the neighboring neighboring base stations of the adjusted downtilt angle of the antenna through signaling or the like.

For base station m, there are N _m user equipments transmitting data, forming a user equipment set U _m , where N _m =|U _m |.

Neighboring cells of base station m form a set, denoted as M _m .

It is assumed that when the base station m adjusts the downtilt angle of the antenna, the downtilt angles of the antennas of other base stations are known and remain unchanged in a short time.

Then, the interference of other base stations on user equipment u(u∈U _m ) of base station m is:

The formula for calculating the SINR of user equipment u is:

Correspondingly, the throughput of user equipment u is:

r _u (θ _m ) = w _u log(1+γ _u (θ _m )) (11)

It can be proved that r _u (θ _m ) is a convex function of θ _m .

For the selected optimization index, the corresponding optimization objective function can be obtained. Generally, the optimization objective functions in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are all linear functions of r _u (θ _m ), and according to the theory of convex functions, these optimization objective functions are also convex functions.

Taking the weighted average spectral efficiency of cell m as an example, we have

This optimization objective function is convex. The convex function has the characteristic of unimodal, that is, in the interval θ _min ≤ θ _m ≤ θ _max , there is only one maximum value. Therefore, an iterative segmentation algorithm can be used to solve it. Specifically: the optimization objective function is a unimodal function of the downtilt angle of the antenna, and an iterative segmentation search method can be used to find the optimal value. The iterative segmentation search method is a method for searching the extreme value of the unary function in a given initial interval. It finds the maximum value by continuously narrowing the known range of the maximum value of the unimodal function. Preferably, when the division interval has the golden section characteristic, it is also called the golden section search method. It is a classic algorithm for optimization calculation. It is famous for its simple algorithm, uniform convergence speed and good effect. One-dimensional optimization. The basic principle is: to gradually narrow the search interval according to the principle of "removing the inferior and preserving the superior", the principle of symmetry, and the principle of proportional contraction.

According to the above analysis, in order to calculate the signal-to-interference and noise ratio SINR of user equipment u in cell m at different downtilt angles θ _m , the useful signal strength S _m,u (θ _m ) from serving cell m to user equipment u, and other cell The interference signal strength I _u . Wherein, the interference I _u received by the user equipment u is not affected by the antenna downtilt angle θ _m of the cell m, and is a constant. It can be estimated through the RSRP information of neighboring cells reported by u. The received signal strength S _m,u (θ _m ) of the user equipment u at the current downtilt angle may be reported to the serving cell through measurement. In order to estimate the received signal strength at other downtilt angles, the user equipment u needs to use the antenna gain G _m,u (θ _m ). Antenna gain consists of two parts: horizontal antenna gain and vertical antenna gain, where the horizontal angle between the horizontal gain and m and u The vertical antenna gain is related to the vertical angle θ _m,u between m and u. In order for the base station to obtain these two pieces of information, the user equipment u can directly report it after measuring and calculating, or let the user equipment u report its own location information, and the base station can calculate it by combining its own location information and θ _m,u . Specifically, the positioning technology already supported by 3GPP, that is, the positioning protocol of LTE (LPP, 3GPP TS 36.355), can be used.

Generally speaking, this method needs to know the downtilt angle information of the antenna of the neighbor base station, the RSRP information, and the location information of the user equipment. The RSRP information of the neighbor cell belongs to the conventional measurement information already supported by LTE, and the location information of the user equipment can be reported to the serving base station through the measurement of the positioning protocol (LPP) of LTE.

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for a base station to obtain an optimal downtilt angle using an iterative segmentation algorithm, and Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain an optimal downtilt angle, as shown in Fig. 3 , the method may include:

Step 301, the base station initializes various parameters of the iterative segmentation algorithm.

Specifically, the base station may set an initial search interval [θ _min , θ _max ], and set an interval length threshold ε for terminating the algorithm.

Step 302, the base station divides the search interval.

Specifically, the base station selects two points θ ₁ and θ ₂ (θ ₁ <θ ₂ ) in the initial search interval [θ _min , θ _max ], and divides the interval into three segments, as shown in Figure 4 for details A step to find the maximum value in the algorithm, the optimization objective function value is located on the vertical coordinate axis, and the downtilt angle θ of the antenna is located on the horizontal coordinate axis. There are many optional ways to select θ ₁ and θ ₂ . For example, it can be selected according to the golden section point, namely:

θ ₁ ＝θ _min +0.382(θ _max -θ _min )

θ ₂ ＝θ _min +0.618(θ _max -θ _min )

Step 303, the base station discards the search interval.

If f(θ ₁ )>f(θ ₂ ), it means that the maximum value is not in the region [θ ₂ ,θ _max ], and this part of the region is discarded. Next, continue searching in [θ _min ,θ ₂ ]. That is, let θ _max ←θ ₂ .

If f(θ ₁ )<f(θ ₂ ), it means that the maximum value is not in the region [θ _min ,θ ₁ ], and this part of the region is discarded. Next, continue searching in [θ ₁ ,θ _max ]. That is, let θ _min ←θ ₁ .

It should be noted that the symbol "←" in this embodiment represents an assignment operation, for example, "A←B" represents assigning B to A.

Step 304 , judging whether the length of the search interval is smaller than the preset threshold ε, if yes, execute step 305 , otherwise return to step 302 .

Step 305, end the search, and obtain the optimal downtilt angle.

Specifically, the optimal downtilt angle θ ^* = (θ _max -θ _min )/2, and the corresponding optimization objective function value: f(θ ^* ).

In this embodiment, the base station uses an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain the optimal downtilt angle, and can quickly determine the optimal downtilt angle, thereby adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna with the optimal downtilt angle to optimize network performance.

FIG. 5 is a signaling flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the antenna downtilt adjustment method according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5 , this embodiment includes a network management system OAM, a base station, and a user equipment set, where the user equipment set includes multiple UEs, Each UE is served by the base station, and the method in this embodiment may include:

S401. The OAM determines an optimization objective function and a parameter value of the optimization objective function according to the operation status of the network.

S402. The OAM sends an antenna downtilt adjustment indication message and an optimization objective function indication message to the base station.

Wherein, the antenna downtilt adjustment indication message is used to instruct the base station to adjust the antenna downtilt angle, and the optimization objective function indication message may include an optimization objective function and a parameter value of the optimization objective function. Wherein, the parameter value of the optimization objective function may include a preset adjustment interval of the downtilt angle. In addition, it may also include corresponding parameter values for different optimization objective functions, for example, a weighting factor of the throughput of each user equipment.

S403. The base station sends a location measurement indication message to each user equipment.

Wherein, the location measurement instruction message is used to instruct the user equipment to perform location measurement and report the measurement result. The location measurement indication message may also include measurement configuration information such as a measurement cycle and a reporting method.

S404. Each user equipment in the user equipment set sends its own location information to the base station according to the location measurement indication message.

Specifically, the user equipment may perform location measurement through the LTE positioning protocol (LPP). It can be understood that the user equipment may also use other methods to perform location measurement, for example, for a user equipment equipped with a satellite navigation system, the location measurement may be performed through the satellite navigation system.

S405. Each user equipment in the user equipment set sends the RSRP information of the neighboring cell to the base station.

S406. The base station calculates the angle θ _m,u between each user equipment and the base station according to the location information of each user equipment, and calculates the interference signal strength of each user equipment according to the adjacent cell RSRP information sent by each user equipment.

Specifically, the base station may determine the angle θ _m,u between each user equipment and the base station according to the location information of each user equipment and the location information of the base station, which may be specifically calculated using formula (1).

S407. The base station uses an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain the optimal objective function according to the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the angle θ _m,u between each user equipment and the base station within the preset adjustment interval of the downtilt angle Optimum downtilt.

For details, reference may be made to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , which will not be repeated here.

S408. The base station adjusts the downtilt angle of the antenna to an optimal downtilt angle.

S409. The base station sends downtilt adjustment instruction information to each neighboring cell base station.

Wherein, the downtilt angle adjustment indication information includes the adjusted downtilt angle.

In this embodiment, the base station adjusts the downtilt angle of the antenna according to the instruction of OAM, and obtains the position information of the user equipment and the RSRP information of the adjacent cell of the user equipment in the process of adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna, and uses an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain the optimization target The optimal downtilt angle for maximizing the function, the optimization objective function can be the throughput of the base station or the average spectral efficiency, so that the downtilt angle of the antenna is adjusted to the optimal downtilt angle, the performance of the base station is optimized, and the network performance is further optimized.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of Embodiment 3 of the method for adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the method of this embodiment may include:

S601. The base station performs preprocessing.

Wherein, S601 may specifically include: S6011: the base station determines the user equipment that is transmitting data in the base station; S6012: the base station receives the location information reported by the user equipment; S6013: the base station determines the base station according to the adjacent cell measurement report reported by the user equipment S6014: For each user equipment, the base station estimates the interference signal strength according to the RSRP information of the neighboring cells reported by the user equipment.

S602. The base station optimizes the downtilt angle of the antenna.

Wherein, S602 may specifically include: S6021: the base station determines an optimization objective function and related parameters for OAM settings; S6022: the base station uses an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain an optimal downtilt angle of the base station according to the optimization objective function and related parameters.

S603. The base station judges whether the optimal downtilt angle is the same as the current downtilt angle of the antenna. If not, execute S604. If yes, execute S605.

S604. The base station adjusts the downtilt angle of the antenna to an optimal downtilt angle, and sends a notice of adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna to a neighboring base station.

S605. The base station judges whether a predetermined time period condition is satisfied, or a predefined trigger event is satisfied, and if yes, execute S601.

Specifically, the predetermined time period condition may be a time period, and correspondingly, when the time period is satisfied, S601 is executed.

In this embodiment, by setting a preset time period or a predefined trigger event, when it is satisfied, the base station performs downtilt optimization processing, and adjusts the downtilt angle of the antenna to the optimized downtilt angle, thereby realizing the downtilt angle of the antenna of the base station. Optimized adjustments to optimize network performance.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the base station of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the base station of this embodiment may include: an acquisition module 11 and a processing module 12, wherein the acquisition module 11 is used to obtain an optimization objective function, and the optimization The objective function includes any one of a function of the throughput of the base station, a function of the average spectral efficiency of the base station, a function of the weighted throughput of the base station, and a function of the weighted average spectral efficiency of the base station, and the optimization The objective function is a convex function about the downtilt angle of the antenna, and the processing module 12 is used to determine the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the angle between each user equipment and the base station; According to the interference signal strength of each user equipment and the angle between each user equipment and the base station within the preset adjustment interval, use an iterative segmentation algorithm to obtain the optimal downtilt angle of the optimization objective function, the The optimal downtilt angle is the downtilt angle corresponding to the optimal value of the optimization objective function; the processing module 12 is further configured to adjust the downtilt angle of the antenna to the optimal downtilt angle.

The base station also includes a sending module 13 and a receiving module 14;

The processing module 12 is configured to determine the angle between each user equipment and the base station, including:

The processing module 12 sends a location measurement instruction message to each user equipment through the sending module 13, the location measurement instruction message is used to instruct the user equipment to perform location measurement, and send the location of the user equipment to the base station information;

The processing module 12 receives the location information sent by each user equipment through the receiving module 14;

The processing module 12 determines the angle between the user equipment and the base station according to the location information of each user equipment and the location information of the base station.

Optionally, the location information of the user equipment includes a horizontal distance from the user equipment to the base station and a height of the user equipment, and the location information of the base station includes an antenna height of the base station; the processing module 12 Determining the angle between the user equipment and the base station according to the location information of each user equipment and the location information of the base station respectively includes: the processing module 12 respectively according to the horizontal distance from each user equipment to the base station, The height of the user equipment and the height of the antenna of the base station use an inverse trigonometric function to determine the angle between the user equipment and the base station; wherein the inverse trigonometric function includes an arc tangent function and an inverse cotangent function.

Optionally, the location measurement indication message further includes at least one item of measurement period information and transmission mode information.

Optionally, the receiving module 13 is also configured to receive an antenna downtilt adjustment indication message and an optimization objective function indication message sent by the network management system, and the antenna downtilt adjustment indication message is used to instruct the base station to adjust the antenna's For a downtilt angle, the optimization objective function indication message includes an optimization objective function and parameter values of the optimization objective.

Optionally, the optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the throughput of the base station, Or, the optimization objective function is a function f(θ _m ) of the weighted throughput of the base station, The parameter value of the optimization target includes a weighting factor α _u of the throughput of each user equipment; or, the optimization target function is a function f(θ _m ) of the average spectral efficiency of the base station, Or, the optimization objective function is a function of the weighted average spectral efficiency of the base station The parameter value of the optimization target includes a weighting factor α _u of the spectral efficiency of each user equipment; wherein, θ _m is the downtilt angle of the antenna of the base station, N is the number of user equipment, U is a set of user equipment, r _u ( θ _m ) is the throughput of user equipment u.

Optionally, the processing module 12 is configured to determine the interference signal strength of each user equipment, including: the processing module receives the reference signal received power RSRP of the adjacent cell sent by each user equipment through the receiving module; the processing The module determines the interference signal strength of each user equipment according to the RSRP of the adjacent cell of each user equipment.

Optionally, the sending module 13 is further configured to send a downtilt indication message to each neighboring base station, where the downtilt indication message includes the optimal downtilt.

The device of this embodiment can be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that the receiving module 14 in the embodiment of the present invention may correspond to a receiver of a base station, or may correspond to a transceiver of a base station. The sending module 13 may correspond to the transmitter of the base station, or may correspond to the transceiver of the base station. The acquisition module 11 and the processing module 12 may correspond to the processor of the base station, where the processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or a specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or complete the implementation of the present invention One or more integrated circuits of an embodiment of the invention. The base station may also include a memory, the memory is used to store instruction codes, and the processor calls the instruction codes in the memory to control the receiving module 14 and the sending module 13 in the embodiment of the present invention to perform the above operations.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by program instructions and related hardware. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps including the above-mentioned method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other various media that can store program codes.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (16)

1. a kind of downdip adjusting method of antenna, it is characterised in that including：

Base station obtains optimization object function, and the optimization object function includes the letter of the handling capacity of the base station The function of the average spectral efficiency (ase) of several, described base station, the function of the weighting handling capacity of the base station and described Any one in the function of the weighted average spectrum efficiency of base station, the optimization object function is on antenna Angle of declination convex function；

The base station is determined between the interference signal intensity of each user equipment and each user equipment and the base station Angle；

The base station is strong according to the interference signal of each user equipment in the default adjustment of angle of declination is interval Degree and the angle between each user equipment and the base station, obtain described excellent using iterative splitting algorithm Change the optimal angle of declination of object function, the optimal angle of declination is the optimal value pair of the optimization object function The angle of declination answered；

The angle of declination of antenna is adjusted to the optimal angle of declination by the base station.

2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the base station determines each user equipment With the angle between the base station, including：

The base station sends position measurement and indicates message to each user equipment, and institute's position measurement indicates message For indicating the user equipment to carry out position measurement, and the position of the user equipment is sent to the base station Confidence ceases；

The base station receives the positional information that each user equipment sends；

The positional information of base station positional information respectively according to each user equipment and the base station determines institute State the angle between user equipment and the base station.

3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the positional information of the user equipment The height of horizontal range and the user equipment including the user equipment to the base station, the base station Positional information including the base station antenna height；

The positional information of base station positional information respectively according to each user equipment and the base station determines institute The angle between user equipment and the base station is stated, including：

Base station horizontal range respectively according to each user equipment to the base station, the user equipment Height and the antenna height of the base station, determine the user equipment with the base station using antitrigonometric function Between angle；

Wherein, the antitrigonometric function includes arctan function and arc cotangent function.

4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute's position measurement indicates message also Including in measure the cycle information and sending method information at least one.

5. the method according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that the base station obtains Before optimization object function, methods described also includes：

The angle of declination adjustment of the antenna that the base station receiving network managing system sends indicates message and optimization mesh Scalar functions indicate the angle of declination adjustment of message, the antenna to indicate message for indicating the base station adjustment day The angle of declination of line, the optimization object function instruction message includes optimization object function and the optimization aim Parameter value.

6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the optimization object function is described Function f (the θ of the handling capacity of base station_m),Or

The optimization object function is the function f (θ of the weighting handling capacity of the base station_m),The weighting of the handling capacity of the parameter value of the optimization aim including each user equipment because Sub- α_u；Or

The optimization object function is the function f (θ of the average spectral efficiency (ase) of the base station_m), $f\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_m\right)=\frac{1}{N}\underset{u\&Element;U}{\&Sigma;}{r}_u\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_m\right)/w_u;$ Or

The optimization object function is the function f (θ of the weighted average spectrum efficiency of the base station_m),The parameter value of the optimization aim includes the spectrum efficiency of each user equipment Weighted factor_u；

Wherein, θ_mIt is the angle of declination of the antenna of base station, N is the number of user equipment, and U is user equipment Set, r_u(θ_m) it is the handling capacity of user equipment u, w_uIt is the bandwidth of user equipment u.

7. the method according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that the base station determines The interference signal intensity of each user equipment, including：

The base station receives the Reference Signal Received Power RSRP of the neighbor cell that each user equipment sends；

The base station determines the interference letter of each user equipment according to the RSRP of the neighbor cell of each user equipment Number intensity.

8. the method according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that methods described is also wrapped Include：

The base station sends angle of declination instruction message to each neighbor base stations, and the angle of declination instruction message includes The optimal angle of declination.

9. a kind of base station, it is characterised in that including：

Acquisition module, for obtaining optimization object function, the optimization object function includes the base station The function of handling capacity, the function of the average spectral efficiency (ase) of the base station, the weighting handling capacity of the base station Any one in the function of the weighted average spectrum efficiency of function and the base station, the optimization object function It is the convex function of the angle of declination on antenna；

Processing module, interference signal intensity and each user equipment and the base for determining each user equipment Angle between standing；

The processing module, is additionally operable in the default adjustment of angle of declination is interval according to each user equipment Interference signal intensity and the angle between each user equipment and the base station, using iterative segmentation calculate Method obtains the optimal angle of declination of the optimization object function, and the optimal angle of declination is the optimization aim letter The corresponding angle of declination of several optimal values；

The processing module, is additionally operable to for the angle of declination of antenna to be adjusted to the optimal angle of declination.

10. base station according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the base station also includes sending mould Block and receiver module；

The processing module, for determining the angle between each user equipment and the base station, including：

The processing module sends position measurement and indicates message by the sending module to each user equipment, Institute position measurement indicates the message to be used to indicating the user equipment carry out position measurement, and to the base station Send the positional information of the user equipment；

The processing module receives the positional information that each user equipment sends by the receiver module；

The positional information of processing module positional information respectively according to each user equipment and the base station is true Fixed angle between the user equipment and the base station.

11. base stations according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the position letter of the user equipment Breath includes the user equipment to the horizontal range of the base station and the height of the user equipment, the base The positional information stood includes the antenna height of the base station；

The positional information of processing module positional information respectively according to each user equipment and the base station is true Fixed angle between the user equipment and the base station, including：

Processing module horizontal range respectively according to each user equipment to the base station, the user set Standby height and the antenna height of the base station, using antitrigonometric function determine the user equipment with it is described Angle between base station；

Wherein, the antitrigonometric function includes arctan function and arc cotangent function.

12. base stations according to claim 11, it is characterised in that institute's position measurement indicates message Also include at least one in measure the cycle information and sending method information.

13. base station according to any one of claim 10 to 12, it is characterised in that the reception The angle of declination adjustment that module is additionally operable to the antenna of receiving network managing system transmission indicates message and optimization aim Function indicates the angle of declination adjustment of message, the antenna to indicate message for indicating the base station adjustment antenna Angle of declination, the optimization object function indicates the message to include optimization object function and the optimization aim Parameter value.

14. base stations according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the optimization object function is institute State the function f (θ of the handling capacity of base station_m),Or

The optimization object function is the function f (θ of the weighting handling capacity of the base station_m),The weighting of the handling capacity of the parameter value of the optimization aim including each user equipment because Sub- α_u；Or

The optimization object function is the function f (θ of the average spectral efficiency (ase) of the base station_m), $f\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_m\right)=\frac{1}{N}\underset{u\&Element;U}{\&Sigma;}{r}_u\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_m\right)/w_u;$ Or

The optimization object function is the function f (θ of the weighted average spectrum efficiency of the base station_m),The parameter value of the optimization aim includes the spectrum efficiency of each user equipment Weighted factor_u；

Wherein, θ_mIt is the angle of declination of the antenna of base station, N is the number of user equipment, and U is user equipment Set, r_u(θ_m) it is the handling capacity of user equipment u, w_uIt is the bandwidth of user equipment u.

15. base station according to any one of claim 10 to 12, it is characterised in that the treatment Module is used to determine the interference signal intensity of each user equipment, including：

The processing module receives the reference of the neighbor cell that each user equipment sends by the receiver module Signal reception power RSRP；

The processing module determines the dry of each user equipment according to the RSRP of the neighbor cell of each user equipment Disturb signal intensity.

16. base station according to any one of claim 10 to 12, it is characterised in that the transmission Module is additionally operable to send angle of declination instruction message to each neighbor base stations, and the angle of declination instruction message includes institute State optimal angle of declination.