CN106836469A - A kind of assembled architecture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a prefabricated building, which comprises a prefabricated wallboard, a laminated board, a cast-in-place floor and a fastening mechanism. The groove matches the first protrusion, the first protrusion and the first groove are provided with the corresponding first hole, the first bolt is arranged in the first hole, and the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the prefabricated wallboard are provided with the second recess. Groove, the two second grooves of two adjacent prefabricated wall panels up and down are fastened to form a receiving groove, the fastening mechanism includes a fixing plate and a second bolt, and the adjacent prefabricated wall panels are fixed by the fastening mechanism, stacked The end of the plywood is provided with a receiving piece matched with the receiving groove. The present invention cooperates with the first groove to effectively prevent rainwater from pouring into the interior of the building from between adjacent prefabricated wall panels. In addition, the ends of the laminated panels match the structure of the receiving groove, so that the laminated panels The connection between plywood and prefabricated wall panels is more compact.

Description

a prefabricated building

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of architectural design, in particular to an assembled building.

Background technique

For a long time, my country's construction industry has mainly adopted the method of on-site construction, that is, from erecting scaffolding, supporting formwork, binding steel bars to pouring concrete, most of the work is done manually at the construction site, which is not only labor-intensive, but also construction The site is chaotic, the consumption of building materials is large, the construction waste generated on site is large, and it has a great impact on the surrounding environment. With the continuous rise of labor costs, on-site construction production methods based on low labor prices are increasingly In recent years, the prefabricated construction method has attracted more and more attention from the industry.

Prefabricated construction means that some or all of the components of the building are produced in the component prefabrication factory, and then transported to the construction site through corresponding transportation methods, and the components are assembled by reliable installation methods and installation machines to become functional buildings. way of building construction. Compared with on-site construction, prefabricated construction has the advantages of convenient construction, fast project progress, little impact on the surrounding environment, and easy to guarantee the quality of building components. In the past, it was mainly used in industrial buildings in my country. In recent years, it has begun to It is used in civil buildings, especially residential buildings. With the acceleration of urbanization in my country, prefabricated buildings have also ushered in new opportunities for development.

There are many connection nodes in prefabricated buildings. Ensuring the quality of these nodes is the key to ensuring the quality of prefabricated buildings. The current node method can better meet the requirements for bearing capacity and stiffness, but the ductility often fails to meet the requirements , Reliable construction measures should be taken to ensure that the bearing capacity, stiffness and ductility of these nodes are not lower than similar cast-in-place structures and prefabricated components themselves, otherwise, the connection problem will become the biggest problem restricting the application of prefabricated buildings. In addition, the problem of joint waterproofing of prefabricated buildings cannot be ignored. Prefabricated buildings are not poured as a whole like on-site construction, so there are common quality problems of leakage at the joints of components. Therefore, in terms of structural processing, effective measures must be taken for joint waterproofing Treatment, to ensure the waterproof performance of the nodes on the basis of controlling the amount of on-site engineering.

Chinese Patent Publication No. CN105317116A discloses a modularly designed prefabricated building, including a modularly designed building body. The bottom of the building body is provided with a column bearing extending downward near the center, and the bottom end of the column bearing is provided with a socket; The connecting part adapted to the installation part formed by the socket and the socket part is arranged on the top of the building body, and the top of the building body and higher than the top of the building are provided with buttresses extending outward. The disadvantage of this structure is that only through the mutual cooperation of the socket part, the column bearing and the connecting part, the connection between the building bodies is poor, and the safety and waterproofness of the overall structure cannot be effectively guaranteed.

Chinese patent announcement number CN103265253B discloses a stable connection structure for prefabricated building wall beams, which belongs to the field of prefabricated building connection technology, and consists of laminated beams, prefabricated wall panels, adapters and limit fixed connection components. The adapters are L Reinforced concrete adapter, with pre-embedded steel bars and C-shaped steel grooves; the limit fixed connection member is composed of limit steel pressure strip and fixed steel pressure block, and the limit fixed connection component is along the upper and lower prefabricated wall panels and their The L-shaped steel-reinforced-concrete adapters between them are arranged on the outside, and the upper and lower prefabricated wall panels are respectively connected with the pre-embedded C-shaped steel grooves of the L-shaped reinforced-concrete adapters through limit-fixed connecting members; Cast-in-place concrete is cast on the top of the steel frame of the beam to form a stable connection between the composite beam and the prefabricated wall panel. The outer wall is fixed, and there is a problem of poor sealing between adjacent prefabricated wall panels.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a prefabricated building. After the two prefabricated wall panels adjacent up and down are combined, the first protrusion is matched with the first groove to effectively prevent The problem of rainwater pouring into the building from between adjacent prefabricated wall panels occurs. In addition, a receiving groove is formed between two prefabricated wall panels. The connection between them is more compact.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A prefabricated building, comprising prefabricated wall panels, laminated panels, cast-in-place floor slabs and a fastening mechanism, the upper end of the outer surface of the prefabricated wall panels is provided with a first groove, and the lower end of the outer surface of the prefabricated wall panels is provided with the The first protrusion matched with the first groove, the first protrusion and the first groove are provided with corresponding first holes, the first bolt is arranged in the first hole, and the inner surface of the prefabricated wall panel The upper and lower ends of the upper and lower ends are provided with second grooves, and the two second grooves of the two adjacent prefabricated wall panels are fastened to form a receiving groove. The fastening mechanism includes a fixing plate and a second bolt, and the adjacent prefabricated wall panels The boards are fixed by a fastening mechanism, and the ends of the laminated boards are provided with receiving pieces matching the receiving grooves.

Further, a second protrusion is provided on the left end surface of the prefabricated wall panel, and a third groove matching the second protrusion is provided on the right end surface of the prefabricated wall panel.

Further, both the second protrusion and the third groove are dovetail-shaped structures.

Further, there are multiple accommodating grooves.

Further, the longitudinal section of the laminated plate is T-shaped.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention includes prefabricated wall panels, laminated panels, cast-in-place slabs and fastening mechanisms. The upper end of the outer surface of the prefabricated wall panels is provided with a first groove, and the lower end of the outer surface of the prefabricated wall panels is provided with a second groove that matches the first groove. One protrusion, the first protrusion and the first groove are provided with corresponding first holes, the first bolt is arranged in the first hole, and the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the prefabricated wallboard are provided with second grooves, which are adjacent to each other up and down The two second grooves of two prefabricated wall panels are buckled to form a receiving groove. The fastening mechanism includes a fixing plate and a second bolt. The adjacent prefabricated wall panels are fixed by the fastening mechanism. The ends of the laminated panels are set A receiving piece that matches the receiving slot;

When the present invention is in use, a plurality of prefabricated wall panels are combined into a building wall and fixed by a fastening mechanism, wherein the fastening mechanism connects the front, rear, left, and right adjacent prefabricated wall panels through a plurality of second bolts and a plurality of fixing plates Fixing, from the structural analysis of the outer surface of the building wall: when two prefabricated wall panels adjacent to each other are installed, at the junction of the two, the first protrusion matches the first groove, thereby realizing the first protrusion Covering the second groove downwards, compared with the prior art, this structural design effectively prevents rainwater from pouring into the interior of the building from between adjacent prefabricated wall panels; from the structural analysis of the inner surface of the building cavity: the upper and lower adjacent A second groove is reserved at the joint of the two prefabricated wall panels, and the two second grooves form a receiving groove after installation, and the ends of the laminated panels match the structure of the receiving groove, so as to realize the Compared with the prior art, this structural design effectively reduces the auxiliary connectors between the laminated panels and the prefabricated wall panels, which not only effectively improves the installation efficiency, but also makes the connection between the laminated panels and the prefabricated wall panels more compact.

2. The left end of the prefabricated wall panel is provided with a second protrusion, and the right end of the prefabricated wall panel is provided with a third groove matching the second protrusion. For factory buildings with large spans, multiple prefabricated wall panels are required for connection. This structural design can realize the insertion and docking of two adjacent prefabricated wall panels on the left and right, thereby improving the tight connection between the left and right adjacent wall panels of the present invention, and increasing the overall structural strength of the factory building.

3. The second protrusion and the third groove can adopt a dovetail structure. This design can increase the contact area between the second protrusion and the third groove structurally, so as to increase the fastening strength of adjacent prefabricated wall panels. At the same time, in the production process, a single prefabricated wall panel has the same structure, so it is enough to develop a set of abrasive tools, which effectively saves production input costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an installation state of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a split state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the second prefabricated wall panel of the present invention embodiment;

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of prefabricated wallboard and laminated panel of embodiment three of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated wallboard according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the symbol A in FIG. 6 .

Numbers in the figure, 1-prefabricated wall panels, 2-laminated panels, 3-cast-in-place slabs, 4-first grooves, 5-first protrusions, 6-first bolts, 7-second grooves, 8- Accommodating groove, 9-fixing plate, 10-second bolt, 11-acceptor, 12-second protrusion, 13-third groove, 14-fixing steel bar, 15-third hole, 16-sliding rail, 17 -pulley.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiment one

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention includes a prefabricated wall panel 1, a laminated panel 2, a cast-in-place floor 3 and a fastening mechanism, the longitudinal section of the laminated panel 2 is T-shaped, and the upper end of the outer surface of the prefabricated wall panel 1 is reserved The first groove 4, the lower end of the outer surface of the prefabricated wall panel 1 is integrally formed with the first protrusion 5 matching the first groove 4, and the first protrusion 5 and the first groove 4 are provided with corresponding first holes (not shown in the figure), the first bolt 6 is installed in the first hole, and three second grooves 7 are reserved on the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the prefabricated wallboard 1, and the two second grooves 7 in the up and down directions are both Cuboid structure, the width of the second groove 7 at the lower end is greater than the width of the second groove 7 at the upper end, and the two second grooves 7 of two adjacent prefabricated wall panels 1 are snapped together to form a T-shaped receiving groove 8 , the fastening mechanism includes a fixing plate 9 and a second bolt 10, and the adjacent prefabricated wall panels 1 are fixed by the fastening mechanism, and the two ends of the laminated plate 2 are integrally formed with a receiving part 11 that matches the receiving groove 8, A second hole (not shown) for accommodating the second bolt 10 is reserved on the prefabricated wall panel 1 , the first hole and the second hole are both blind holes, and the first bolt 6 and the second bolt 10 are both expansion bolts.

When this structure is in use, firstly, the receiving part of the laminated board 2 is placed in the second groove 7 of the lower prefabricated wallboard 1, and the second groove 7 of the upper prefabricated wallboard 1 is covered above the receiving part 11, thereby Make the receiving part 11 completely fall into the receiving groove formed by the fastening of the two second grooves 7, this structural design does not need to use redundant fasteners to tightly connect the prefabricated wallboard 1 and the laminated board 2; at this time, The upper and lower adjacent prefabricated wall panels 1 cooperate with each other through the first groove 4 and the first protrusion 5, so that the first groove 4 covers the first protrusion 5 from top to bottom, preventing rainwater from top to bottom At this time, rainwater enters the prefabricated wall panel 1 from the gap between the first groove 4 and the first protrusion 5 to play a waterproof effect; then, through the fixing plate 9 and the second bolt 10, the two prefabricated wall panels 1 are fixed again For fixing, the fixing method can be fixed on one side (inner and outer sides) of the prefabricated wallboard, that is, the upper and lower ends of the fixing plate 9 are fixed on the outer side of the prefabricated wallboard 1 by the second bolt 10. At this time, the second bolt 10 Expansion bolts can be used to fix the fixing plate 9; prefabricated wall panels can also be used to fix both sides, that is, the fixing plate 9 is also installed on the inner wall of the prefabricated wall panel 1, and the fixing plates 9 on both sides of the inner and outer sides are fixed by the second bolt 10. Fixed, the structure is more stable than the first connection method; finally, the cast-in-place floor slab 3 is laid on the laminated slab 2 to form the floor slab.

Embodiment two

The present invention includes a prefabricated wallboard 1, a laminated board 2, a cast-in-place floor 3 and a fastening mechanism. The longitudinal section of the laminated board 2 is T-shaped. 1. The lower end of the outer surface is integrally formed with the first protrusion 5 matching the first groove 4. Both the first protrusion 5 and the first groove 4 have corresponding first holes (not shown in the figure). The first hole The first bolt 6 is installed inside, and three second grooves 7 are reserved on the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the prefabricated wall panel 1. The width of 7 is greater than the width of the second groove 7 at the upper end, and the two second grooves 7 of two adjacent prefabricated wall panels 1 are snapped together to form a T-shaped receiving groove 8. The fastening mechanism includes a fixing plate 9 and The second bolt 10 is fixed by a fastening mechanism between adjacent prefabricated wallboards 1, and the two ends of the laminated board 2 are integrally formed with a receiving part 11 that matches the receiving groove 8, and the prefabricated wallboard 1 is reserved for accommodating the second bolt 10. The second hole (not shown) of the second bolt 10, the first hole and the second hole are blind holes, the first bolt 6 and the second bolt 10 are expansion bolts; For the protrusion 12, a third groove 13 matching the second protrusion 12 is provided on the right end surface of the prefabricated wall panel 1, and both the second protrusion 12 and the third groove 13 are dovetail-shaped structures.

The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment, the difference is: as shown in Figure 4, the left end face of the prefabricated wall panel 1 integrally forms the second protrusion 12, and the right end face of the prefabricated wall panel 1 is provided with the second protrusion 12 The matching third groove 13, the second protrusion 12 and the third groove 13 are all dovetail-shaped structures. The contact area of the groove 13 can increase the contact area and fastening strength of adjacent prefabricated wall panels. At the same time, in the production process, the single prefabricated wall panels 1 have the same structure, so it is only necessary to develop a set of molds, which can effectively save production Input costs.

Embodiment three

The present invention includes a prefabricated wallboard 1, a laminated board 2, a cast-in-place floor 3 and a fastening mechanism. The longitudinal section of the laminated board 2 is T-shaped. 1. The lower end of the outer surface is integrally formed with the first protrusion 5 matching the first groove 4. Both the first protrusion 5 and the first groove 4 have corresponding first holes (not shown in the figure). The first hole The first bolt 6 is installed inside, and three second grooves 7 are reserved on the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the prefabricated wall panel 1, and the fixing steel bars 14 are pre-embedded in the second groove 7, and two kinds of second grooves in the up and down direction 7 are cuboid structures, the width of the second groove 7 at the lower end is greater than the width of the second groove 7 at the upper end, and the two second grooves 7 of two adjacent prefabricated wall panels 1 are fastened together to form a T-shaped The accommodating groove 8, the fastening mechanism includes a fixing plate 9 and a second bolt 10, the adjacent prefabricated wall panels 1 are fixed by the fastening mechanism, and the two ends of the laminated board 2 are integrally formed to match the accommodating groove 8 part 11, the third hole 15 for accommodating the fixing steel bar 14 is reserved on the receiving part 11, the second hole (not shown) for accommodating the second bolt 10 is reserved on the prefabricated wall panel 1, the first hole and the second hole are both Blind holes, the first bolt 6 and the second bolt 10 are expansion bolts; the left end face of the prefabricated wall panel 1 is integrally formed with the second protrusion 12, and the right end face of the prefabricated wall panel 1 is provided with the second protrusion 12 matching The three grooves 13, the second protrusion 12 and the third groove 13 are all dovetail structures.

The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 2, and is suitable for use in factory buildings. The difference in structure is that, as shown in FIG. The fixed steel bars 14 are preset, and there are more than two fixed steel bars 14. In this embodiment, two are selected. The ends of the fixed steel bars 14 and the two end faces of the prefabricated wall panel 1 are located on the same horizontal plane, and the receiving part 11 is reserved to accommodate the fixed steel bars 14. The third hole 15, the third hole 15 is a through hole. In this structure, by setting the fixed steel bar 14 in the second groove 7, the receiving part 11 can be plugged with the fixed steel bar in the upper and lower directions during installation, so as to effectively improve the fastening between the prefabricated wall panel 1 and the laminated panel 2 relation.

Embodiment Four

The present invention includes a prefabricated wallboard 1, a laminated board 2, a cast-in-place floor 3 and a fastening mechanism. The longitudinal section of the laminated board 2 is T-shaped. 1. The lower end of the outer surface is integrally formed with the first protrusion 5 matching the first groove 4. Both the first protrusion 5 and the first groove 4 have corresponding first holes (not shown in the figure). The first hole The first bolt 6 is installed inside, and three second grooves 7 are reserved on the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the prefabricated wall panel 1. The width of 7 is greater than the width of the second groove 7 at the upper end, and the two second grooves 7 of two adjacent prefabricated wall panels 1 are buckled together to form a T-shaped receiving groove 8. The fastening mechanism includes a fixing plate 9 and The second bolt 10 is fixed by a fastening mechanism between adjacent prefabricated wallboards 1, and the two ends of the laminated board 2 are integrally formed with a receiving part 11 that matches the receiving groove 8, and the prefabricated wallboard 1 is reserved for accommodating the second bolt 10. The second hole (not shown) of the second bolt 10, the first hole and the second hole are blind holes, the first bolt 6 and the second bolt 10 are expansion bolts; Protrusion 12, the right end surface of the prefabricated wall panel 1 has a third groove 13 matching the second protrusion 12, the second protrusion 12 and the third groove 13 are both dovetail-shaped structures; the third groove is set The slide rail 16 in the vertical direction, the pulley 17 matched with the slide rail 16 is arranged on the second protrusion 12 .

The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is: as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, a vertical slide rail 16 is provided in the third groove, and a built-in pulley 17 is placed on the second protrusion, which is slidably connected. The structural design is conducive to improving the installation efficiency of the two adjacent prefabricated wall panels, especially in the construction process of long factory buildings, which can effectively save the construction period.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention without limitation, other modifications or equivalent replacements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and spirit of the technical solution of the present invention All should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A prefabricated building, comprising prefabricated wall panels, laminated panels, cast-in-place slabs and fastening mechanisms, characterized in that: the upper end of the outer surface of the prefabricated wall panels is provided with a first groove, and the outer surface of the prefabricated wall panels The lower end of the lower end is provided with a first protrusion matching the first groove, and the first protrusion and the first groove are provided with a corresponding first hole, and a first bolt is arranged in the first hole, so Both the upper end and the lower end of the inner surface of the prefabricated wall panels are provided with second grooves, and the two second grooves of two adjacent prefabricated wall panels up and down are fastened to form a receiving groove, and the fastening mechanism includes a fixing plate and a second The bolts are fixed by a fastening mechanism between adjacent prefabricated wall panels, and the ends of the laminated panels are provided with receiving parts that match the receiving grooves. 2. A prefabricated building according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left end of the prefabricated wall panel is provided with a second protrusion, and the right end of the prefabricated wall panel is provided with the second protrusion. Matching third groove. 3. The prefabricated building according to claim 2, characterized in that: both the second protrusion and the third groove are dovetail-shaped structures. 4. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are multiple accommodating grooves. 5. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, characterized in that: the longitudinal section of the laminated board is T-shaped.