CN106831193A - A kind of kitchen waste compost conditioner and Food waste treatment method - Google Patents
A kind of kitchen waste compost conditioner and Food waste treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106831193A CN106831193A CN201710177504.4A CN201710177504A CN106831193A CN 106831193 A CN106831193 A CN 106831193A CN 201710177504 A CN201710177504 A CN 201710177504A CN 106831193 A CN106831193 A CN 106831193A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of kitchen waste compost conditioner and Food waste treatment method, conditioner includes 79~92 parts of matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 1~3 part of magnesium sulfate, 2~4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5~9 parts of desulfurization gypsum powder, neutral and/or 5~15 parts of alkaline pH adjusting agent, wherein become thoroughly decomposed matrix by by spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, complex micro organism fungicide, surfactant by weight 55~90：67~90：0.01~0.25:0.01~0.05 mixes and carries out compost fermentation acquisition, and complex micro organism fungicide is that bacillus coagulans is 0.6~0.8 according to bacterium powder mass ratio with bacillus subtilis：1 combination for constituting.Carrying out kitchen waste compost treatment using compost conditioner can significantly improve kitchen waste compost generation foul smell situation, accelerate compost speed, improve compost quality, and compost product is adapted as organic fertilizer or soil conditioner, realizes resource reutilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the changing waste into resources direction in environmental area, and in particular to a kind of Food waste treatment method and heap
Fertile conditioner.
Background technology
Kitchen garbage is the main component of domestic waste.With the development of catering industry, food materials selected by people are more next
Finer, the total amount of kitchen garbage is into sustainable growth trend.The current main processing mode of kitchen garbage has directly landfill etc.
Secondary processing mode and compost fermentation etc. are converted into the secondary Land use systems of regenerated resources.Because kitchen garbage is nutritious, ash content
Few, with compared with high-moisture percentage, a large amount of kitchen garbages are directly filled would generally produce influence to the stability of refuse landfill, produce
Certain potential safety hazard, also result in the waste of resource.Compost treatment kitchen garbage is a kind of current treatment side more praised highly
Formula, which not only can very well reduce influence of the kitchen garbage to environment, can also realize the recycling of resource, be formed with
Machine fertilizer, for agricultural improvement soil etc..But generally produced along with foul smell such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia in kitchen waste compost process, this
Not only the environment in influence compost place, also makes compost nitrogen loss serious.
Spent bleaching clay refers to for the waste material after the atlapulgite use decolourized in modern oil and fat refining process.Its main component
It is bentonite, neutral grease, pigment etc..Because bleaching earth adsorption ability is stronger, usual spent bleaching clay fat content 20%~40%,
Even if spent bleaching clay to be squeezed recovery oil plant again, its oil content is still 10% or so.If such spent bleaching clay cannot be timely
Treatment, it is likely that fire can be triggered, unnecessary loss is caused, while also polluting the environment.Even if advocating resources circulation profit
Today, the recycling of spent bleaching clay is also only comprehensively utilized in the fraction industry such as agricultural, chemical industry, environment.
Patent CN102030569B is disclosed and assisted fermentation agent is preferably added in the fermentation process of organic waste, as
Assisted fermentation agent can enumerate such as spent bleaching clay and polysaccharide catabolic enzyme, wherein when processing animal manure class organic waste, it is excellent
Choosing mixes spent bleaching clay as needed, when being processed for swill, preferred mixing polysaccharide class catabolic enzyme as needed.This is special
Profit is not regarded as that spent bleaching clay is suitable to swill treatment, and actually passing present inventor's research has shown that, such as by spent bleaching clay
Directly it is mixed in swill fat content fermentation raw material higher that to carry out fermentation process really impracticable, adds spent bleaching clay also
It is found that composting process and compost quality can be delayed, this is probably that the hydrophobic structure of grease in spent bleaching clay can constitute local anaerobic ring
Border, causes aerobic microbiological to obtain adequate nutrients, influences composting process and compost quality.Use described in aforementioned patent
The method that polysaccharide catabolic enzyme carrys out assisted fermentation swill is although feasible, but relatively costly, and can not realize spent bleaching clay
The utilization of resources.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art to provide a kind of kitchen rubbish for kitchen garbage treatment
Rubbish compost conditioner, its low cost and can be effectively improved kitchen waste compost produce foul smell situation, accelerate compost speed, improve heap
Fertile quality.
The second object of the present invention is to provide using the Food waste treatment method of spent bleaching clay, and the method can improve kitchen
Garbage compost produces foul smell situation, accelerates compost speed, compost quality is improved, while the wasting of resources, reduces cost can be reduced.
To achieve the above object, a kind of technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows for the present invention：
A kind of kitchen waste compost conditioner, it is characterised in that：In parts by weight, comprising 79~92 parts of matrix, the sulphur of becoming thoroughly decomposed
1~3 part of sour magnesium, 2~4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5~9 parts of desulfurization gypsum powder, neutral and/or 5~15 parts of alkaline pH adjusting agent, it is described
Matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed is obtained by mixing and carrying out compost fermentation spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, complex micro organism fungicide, surfactant
, the complex micro organism fungicide is that bacillus coagulans is 0.6~0.8 according to bacterium powder mass ratio with bacillus subtilis：1 structure
Into combination, the charged material weight ratio of the spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, complex micro organism fungicide and surfactant for 55~
90：67~90：0.01~0.25:0.01~0.05.
According to the present invention, the spent bleaching clay or spent bleaching clay that spent bleaching clay is directly obtained after being decolourized for edible oil are squeezed carry again
Remaining spent bleaching clay after oil.It is preferred that the oil content of the spent bleaching clay for using is 5wt%~15wt% (mass content).
According to the present invention, stalk and/or ornamental plant of the agriculture and forestry organic waste material as produced by agricultural planting wither naturally
Fall or the plant residue produced by manually pruning is (mainly including rice straw, straw, maize straw, leaf, grass cuttings, the residual branch pruned
Deng) obtain after crushing, particle diameter is less than or equal to 3cm.
According to the present invention, the surfactant is preferably biodegradable nonionic surfactant, specifically such as fat
Fat alcohol APEO AEO series of surfactants.
According to the present invention, the neutral and/or alkaline pH adjusting agent is specifically as follows plant ash, soda ash or quick lime etc..
Preferably, the charged material weight ratio of the spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, complex micro organism fungicide and surfactant
It is 70~80：70~80：0.08~0.15:0.02.
Preferably, the living bacteria count of the bacterium powder be respectively 200~50,000,000,000/gram.Bacterium powder can be directly by fungi preservation
Unit is bought.
Preferably, the compost fermentation method is：By spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, complex micro organism fungicide, surface-active
Agent mixes, and regulation water content is 40~48%, and regulation C/N is 21.8~24.4；Compost fermentation, uninterrupted turning, tie up at room temperature
25~40 DEG C of heap body internal temperature is held, 18~48h of the temperature is maintained；Air drying to moisture content is not more than 20%, obtains final product and becomes thoroughly decomposed
Matrix.
The another technical scheme that the present invention takes is：A kind of Food waste treatment method, it includes that (1) is above-mentioned by the present invention
Kitchen waste compost conditioner mix with kitchen garbage and carry out compost and obtain compost product；(2) the compost product is made
Organic fertilizer and/or soil conditioner.
Preferably, the kitchen waste compost conditioner and the weight ratio of kitchen garbage are 0.7~1.2:1.
Preferably, aerobic composting process is used in step (1), is embodied as follows：Kitchen garbage is filtered first unnecessary
Moisture, the object that will wherein be not easily decomposed and crush rejects, and crushing material to particle diameter is less than or equal into 3cm, then by kitchen
Garbage compost conditioner mixes with kitchen garbage, stirs, and regulation moisture content of material is 50%~60%；Adjusting C/N is
20~30；Regulation pH is 7~8, carries out compost, and compost temperature control is no more than 70 DEG C, using secondary fermentation mode, wherein once
Fermentation period be 5~10d (my god), the secondary fermentation cycle be 13~45d (my god).
Preferably, the secondary fermentation cycle is 18-25d.
Due to the implementation of above technical scheme, the present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
The method have the characteristics that by spent bleaching clay, the abundant recycling of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, for making kitchen garbage heap
Fertile conditioner；Spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material become thoroughly decomposed can not only reduce in addition raw material a large amount of grease, celluloses to compost in advance
Influence, and a large amount of greases, cellulolytic enzyme that the process microorganism produces also are to speed up compost speed, improve compost quality
The important substance of stability；The characterization of adsorption of main raw material(s) in conditioner, the solidification of trace element is made full use of to drop
The volatile quantity of foul smell in low compost, reduces nitrogen loss, improves compost quality, further, is integrally matched somebody with somebody by compost conditioner
Side's design, especially matching surface activating agent is used, and improves compost effect, is reached fixed nitrogen, is reduced the purpose of foul smell, and makes to be obtained
The compost product for obtaining can be directly used as organic fertilizer and/or soil conditioner.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described in detail, and unreceipted condition is in embodiment
The conventional condition in this area.When the consumption or dosage or content of material is addressed, unless stated otherwise, weight is referred both to.
Embodiment 1
This example provides a kind of kitchen waste compost conditioner, and its composition of raw materials is：85 parts of matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, mistake
3 parts of calcium phosphate, 5 parts of desulfurization gypsum powder, 5 parts of plant ash.
The preparation method of kitchen waste compost conditioner is as follows：
(1) matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed is prepared：By spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, complex micro organism fungicide, surfactant (AEO-9))
In proportion 75：75：0.1：0.02 mixing, regulation water content is for about 45%, and regulation C/N is for about 23；Compost fermentation at room temperature, not between
Disconnected turning, maintains 25~40 DEG C of heap body internal temperature, maintains temperature 48h；Normal temperature dries to moisture content be not more than 20% rapidly,
Matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed is obtained final product, wherein complex micro organism fungicide is that bacillus coagulans and bacillus subtilis press strain conidia powder mass ratio
It is 0.7:1 mixing composition, the living bacteria count of strain conidia powder is respectively 300~35,000,000,000/gram, given birth to purchased from Beijing middle peasant's natural resources
Thing engineering technology Co., Ltd；
(2) will become thoroughly decomposed matrix, magnesium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, desulfurization gypsum powder and plant ash by formula rate mixing obtain final product meal
Kitchen garbage compost conditioner.
Embodiment 2
This example provides a kind of kitchen waste compost conditioner, its substantially with embodiment 1, unlike, spent bleaching clay, agricultural are given up
The ratio of gurry, complex micro organism fungicide and surfactant is 90：60：0.1：0.02.
Embodiment 3
This example provides a kind of kitchen waste compost conditioner, its substantially with embodiment 1, unlike, spent bleaching clay, agricultural are given up
The ratio of gurry, complex micro organism fungicide and surfactant is 65：85：0.1：0.02.
Embodiment 4
This example provides a kind of kitchen waste compost conditioner, its substantially with embodiment 1, unlike, kitchen waste compost
The composition of raw materials of conditioner is：92 parts of matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of desulfurization gypsum powder, plant ash 8
Part.
Embodiment 5~8
The kitchen waste compost conditioner of embodiment 1~4 is respectively adopted, compost treatment is carried out to kitchen garbage, step is such as
Under：
1. kitchen garbage is filtered into unnecessary moisture first, wherein plastics, big bone etc. will be not easily decomposed and be picked with crushed material
Remove, by crushing material, particle diameter is less than or equal to 3cm；
2. compost conditioner and kitchen garbage are pressed 1:1 ratio mixes, and stirs；
3. regulation moisture content of material is 50%~60% (filtering water in can using step 1. to be adjusted)；Regulation C/N
For about 25；Regulation pH is for about 7.6；
4. compost uses aerobic composting process, and ventilation and stirring are noted in composting process, and compost temperature should control to be no more than
70℃；The one time fermentation cycle is 6d, and the secondary fermentation cycle is 20d；
5. the compost can be made by organic fertilizer, soil conditioner etc. according to compost final product.
Situations such as observation embodiment 5~8 and corresponding control group gained composting process produce foul smell, and it is organic to compost product
Matter is tested with total nitrogen content, as a result referring to table 1.
The result of table 1 shows that the inventive method can be reduced and significantly improve kitchen waste compost generation foul smell situation, accelerate heap
Fertile speed, improves compost quality, and compost product is adapted as organic fertilizer or soil conditioner, realizes resource reutilization.
The compost foul smell yield of table 1, rotten degree and organic matter, total nitrogen content situation
Note：
● control group 1,2,3,4,5 is the control group of embodiment 5, control group 1 only with kitchen waste compost, without tune
Reason agent, compost time consistency；Control group 2,3 only adds the complex micro organism fungicide and spent bleaching clay of respective amount as conditioning respectively
Agent；Composting process is different from embodiment 5 in control group 4, its without becoming thoroughly decomposed in advance, and directly by whole raw materials directly and kitchen garbage
Hybrid composting；Surfactant is free of in compost conditioner in control group 5.
● odor concentration represents that generation odor concentration is bigger in the more expression composting process of symbol with "+"；
Rotten degree is measured with Polythene Bag method, and specific method loads Polythene Bag to take 100g compost product, drives air away
After seal sack, 25 DEG C of placement 3d produce gas flow in measurement bag, and "+" is more, and gas burst size is bigger, does not become thoroughly decomposed completely, nothing
"+" represented and become thoroughly decomposed completely.
Embodiment 9
This example provides a kind of gardens seedling medium, and it is made by the compost product of embodiment 5.The seedling medium is presented
Dark brown, moisture content about 33%.Nursery (osmanthus fragrans and cinnamomum camphora) is carried out simultaneously with common neutral soil with the seedling medium, is used
The osmanthus fragrans percentage of seedgermination of this example gardens seedling medium is higher by about 5% than the germination percentage using common neutral soil, cinnamomum camphora hair
Bud rate is high by about 8%.
Embodiment 10
This example provides a kind of microbial-bacterial fertilizer preparation method, and Paecilomyces lilacinus (weight is compounded by the compost conditioner of embodiment 5
Than 1:0.05) microbial-bacterial fertilizer of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, is fabricated to, dark brown has a little fishy smell, and indices meet after testing
Composite microbiological fertilizer standard《NY/T 798-2015》It is required that.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of kitchen waste compost conditioner, it is characterised in that：In parts by weight, comprising 79~92 parts of matrix, the sulfuric acid of becoming thoroughly decomposed
1~3 part of magnesium, 2~4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5~9 parts of desulfurization gypsum powder, neutral and/or 5~15 parts of alkaline pH adjusting agent, the corruption
Ripe matrix is obtained by mixing and carrying out compost fermentation spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, complex micro organism fungicide, surfactant
, the complex micro organism fungicide is that bacillus coagulans is 0.6~0.8 according to bacterium powder mass ratio with bacillus subtilis：1 structure
Into combination, the charged material weight ratio of the spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, complex micro organism fungicide and surfactant for 55~
90：67~90：0.01~0.25:0.01~0.05.
2. kitchen waste compost conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the oil content of the spent bleaching clay is
5wt%~15wt%.
3. kitchen waste compost conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the agriculture and forestry organic waste material is planted by agricultural
Stalk and/or ornamental plant produced by planting are withered and fallen naturally or the plant residue produced by manually pruning is obtained after crushing,
Particle diameter is less than or equal to 3cm.
4. kitchen waste compost conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the surfactant is for can be biological
Degraded nonionic surfactant.
5. kitchen waste compost conditioner according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the surfactant is fatty alcohol
APEO AEO series of surfactants.
6. kitchen waste compost conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compost fermentation method is：Will
Spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, complex micro organism fungicide, surfactant mixing, regulation water content is 40~48%, adjusts C/N
It is 21.8~24.4；Compost fermentation, uninterrupted turning, maintain 25~40 DEG C of heap body internal temperature at room temperature, maintain the temperature 18
~48h；Air drying to moisture content is not more than 20%, obtains final product matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
7. the kitchen waste compost conditioner according to any one of claim 1 to 6 claim, it is characterised in that institute
The charged material weight ratio for stating spent bleaching clay, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, complex micro organism fungicide and surfactant is 70~80：70~80：
0.08~0.15:0.02.
8. a kind of Food waste treatment method, it is characterised in that：The treating method comprises (1) will be as appointed in claim 1 to 7
Kitchen waste compost conditioner described in one mixes with kitchen garbage to carry out compost and obtains compost product；(2) by the compost
Product is made organic fertilizer and/or soil conditioner.
9. Food waste treatment method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the kitchen waste compost conditioner with
The weight ratio of kitchen garbage is 0.7~1.2:1.
10. Food waste treatment method according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that aerobic heap is used in step (1)
Fertile technique, is embodied as follows：Kitchen garbage is filtered into unnecessary moisture first, the object being wherein not easily decomposed and crush is picked
Remove, crushing material to particle diameter is less than or equal to 3cm, then mix kitchen waste compost conditioner with kitchen garbage, stirring is equal
Even, regulation moisture content of material is 50%~60%；Regulation C/N is 20~30；Regulation pH is 7~8, carries out compost, compost temperature
Degree control is no more than 70 DEG C, and using secondary fermentation mode, the wherein one time fermentation cycle is 5~10d, and the secondary fermentation cycle is 13~
45d。
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| CN108218558A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 浙江普天园林建筑发展有限公司 | A kind of gardens wood fragments heap fertilizer composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN108395324A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-14 | 绵阳董氏农业科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological organic fertilier and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109422552A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-03-05 | 连云港市连威农牧科技有限公司 | The processing method and its tunning and processing method of a kind of kitchen garbage |
| CN111944530A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-17 | 北京标准优农科技有限公司 | Improvement formula and improvement method for greenhouse soil of new facility |
| CN112125750A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-25 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer for rice by combined composting of kitchen waste and sawdust |
| CN113200788A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-03 | 安徽国祯环卫科技有限公司 | Method for improving quality of kitchen waste compost product |
| CN113603538A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-05 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing special bio-organic fertilizer for rice by using kitchen waste |
| CN113812328A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-21 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of Diren seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN111944530A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-17 | 北京标准优农科技有限公司 | Improvement formula and improvement method for greenhouse soil of new facility |
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