CN106828221A - Safety seat for motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety seat for a motor vehicle, which comprises a headrest, an upper backrest frame, a lower backrest frame and a seat cushion frame; the headrest can be adjusted up and down relative to the upper backrest frame through guide rods; The backrest frame and the cushion frame are fixed; the upper backrest frame is L-shaped, and there is an L-shaped headrest guide sleeve in the same direction inside, and the bottom end of the headrest guide sleeve is connected to the rear end of the pressure plate inside the seat cushion frame through the connecting rod A. Realize relative rotation; the bottom end of the upper backrest frame and the rear end of the pressure plate are respectively connected through connecting rod B and connecting rod C to realize relative rotation; there is a hysteresis device between the upper backrest frame and the guide sleeve of the headrest, and there is a hysteresis device on the hysteresis device Forward-sloping blades protrude to block rearward movement of the head restraint guide. The invention utilizes the pressure of the legs of the passengers in the rear row on the pressure plate to make the headrest and the upper part of the backrest rotate forward, avoiding collisions between the heads of the passengers in the rear row and the backrest, and reducing the injuries suffered by the passengers in the rear row.

Description

Motor vehicle safety seat

technical field

The invention belongs to a motor vehicle safety device, in particular to a motor vehicle safety seat which protects the neck safety of the driver in the front row and the head and neck safety of the passengers in the rear row.

Background technique

Motor vehicle seats are an important part of the occupant protection system. In the early stage of a motor vehicle frontal collision, the driver and passengers wearing seat belts will collide forward under the action of inertial force. In the process, the rear passenger's head hits the front seat back. Usually, under the action of the impact force, the backrest of the ordinary seat cannot be displaced forward, causing the backrest of the front row to cause damage to the head and neck of the rear passenger.

In the late stage of the frontal collision of the motor vehicle, the driver makes a backward reset movement under the action of the pulling force of the seat belt and the rebound force of the safety airbag. During this process, when the driver's back contacts the seat back, the back stops moving backwards, but at this time the head still moves backwards until it contacts the headrest. This will subject the neck to a large extensional bending moment, resulting in neck injury.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of existing motor vehicle seats and provide a motor vehicle safety seat, which can protect the front row driver and the rear row passengers in the frontal collision of the motor vehicle.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: a motor vehicle safety seat, which includes a headrest, a headrest guide rod, a headrest guide sleeve, an upper backrest frame, a lower backrest frame, a seat cushion frame, a pair of hysteresis devices, an upper circular shaft, a middle Round shaft, lower round shaft, connecting rod A, connecting rod B, connecting rod C, pressure plate, elastic block, fixed plate, round shaft A, round shaft B, round shaft C, round shaft D, round shaft E.

The headrest is fixedly connected with the headrest guide rod. The seat frame is L-shaped, the frame in contact with the back and waist of the person is the seat back frame, and the frame in contact with the buttocks and thighs of the person is the seat cushion frame. The backrest frame is divided into two parts, an upper backrest frame and a lower backrest frame. The upper back frame is positioned above the lower back frame, the upper back frame can rotate relative to the lower back frame, and the lower back frame is fixedly connected with the cushion frame. The upper backrest frame is L-shaped, and its placement direction in the seat is opposite to the L-shaped direction of the seat frame. There are two notches on the upper part of the backrest frame, which can pass through the headrest guide sleeve. The headrest guide sleeve is L-shaped, and the ends of the vertical body and the transverse body are concave. The placement direction of the headrest guide sleeve in the seat is opposite to the L-shaped direction of the seat frame. The headrest guide rod is movably inserted into the two protrusions of the vertical body of the headrest guide sleeve to adjust the height of the headrest.

The upper position of the upper backrest frame is fixedly installed with the upper circular shaft, and the upper circular shaft traverses through the round hole at the corner of the L-shaped headrest guide sleeve, and the headrest guide sleeve can rotate freely around the upper circular shaft. The upper position of the lower backrest frame is fixedly installed with the central axis, which passes through the round hole at the corner of the L-shaped upper backrest frame transversely, and the upper backrest frame can rotate freely around the central axis. The lower circular shaft is fixedly installed at the partial rear position of the cushion skeleton, and the lower circular shaft passes through the circular hole at the front of the cuboid pressure plate transversely, and the pressure plate can rotate freely around the lower circular shaft.

The pressure plate is located in the cushion frame, and the upper part of the rear part is the place where the rear passenger's feet are placed when riding. A fixed plate is arranged under the pressure plate, and an elastic block is fixedly placed between the fixed plate and the pressure plate. Preferably, the elastic block is a foam block, and the foam block can only undergo elastic deformation under certain pressure. The fixing plate is fixedly connected with the cushion frame. Normally, the foam blocks support the pressure plate, keeping it in an equilibrium position.

A circular shaft A is fixedly installed in the recess of the transverse body of the headrest guide sleeve. A circular shaft B is fixedly installed on the rear portion of the upper backrest frame. The front end of the pressure plate is provided with three square notches, and the circular shaft C, the circular shaft D and the circular shaft E are respectively fixedly installed in the three square notches. The circular axis C is arranged in the middle of the circular axis D and the circular axis E, and the circular axis D is on the left side of the circular axis C, and the circular axis E is on the right side of the circular axis C based on the forward driving direction of the motor vehicle.

The connecting rod A is arranged in the middle of the connecting rod B and the connecting rod C. Based on the forward driving direction of the motor vehicle, the connecting rod B is on the left side of the connecting rod A, and the connecting rod C is on the right side of the connecting rod A. Rod B and connecting rod C are parallel to each other. An oblong hole is opened on the upper end of the connecting rod A, and the circular axis A transversely passes through the oblong hole, and matches the lower edge of the oblong hole, so that the connecting rod A is movably connected with the headrest guide sleeve. The lower end of the connecting rod A is provided with a small round hole, and the circular axis C passes through the small round hole through the transverse gap, so that the connecting rod A is flexibly connected with the pressure plate. The upper ends of connecting rod B and connecting rod C are respectively opened with a small round hole, and the transverse gap of circular axis B passes through the small round holes at the upper ends of connecting rod B and connecting rod C, so that connecting rod B and connecting rod C are flexibly connected with the upper backrest frame . The lower ends of connecting rod B and connecting rod C are respectively provided with a small circular hole, and the circular shaft D and circular shaft E pass through the small circular holes at the lower ends of connecting rod B and connecting rod C through transverse gaps respectively, so that connecting rod B and connecting rod C respectively Articulated with the pressure plate.

In this way, the headrest guide bush, connecting rod A, and pressure plate can transmit force to each other; the upper back frame, connecting rod B, and pressure plate can transmit force to each other; the upper back frame, connecting rod C, and pressure plate can transmit force to each other The role of force.

The two hysteresis devices are arranged symmetrically, one side of the hysteresis device is bonded and fixed to the upper backrest frame, and the rear part of the other side is in contact with the vertical body of the headrest guide sleeve. The hysteresis device is made of rubber material, and there are blades protruding from the front surface of the side in contact with the headrest guide sleeve, and the blades are arranged obliquely forward.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

In the early stage of the frontal collision of the motor vehicle, the pressure of the rear passengers' legs on the pressure plate can make the headrest and the upper part of the backrest rotate forward at a certain angle, so as to avoid the collision between the heads of the rear passengers and the backrest, and effectively reduce the impact on the rear passengers. At the same time, in the late stage of a frontal collision of a motor vehicle, the forward-rotating headrest can reduce the damage to the neck of the driver during the backward reset process; when the frontal collision is over, the headrest and the upper part of the backrest return to their original positions. It is convenient for normal use next time.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the rear structure schematic diagram of motor vehicle safety seat of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the motor vehicle safety seat of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a headrest guide sleeve and a circular shaft A;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure plate, a circular shaft C, a circular shaft D, and a circular shaft E;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the lower backrest frame, the cushion frame, the lower circular shaft and the fixing plate;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of connecting rod A;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of hysteresis device;

The label names in the figure are: 1. Headrest; 2. Headrest guide rod; 3. Headrest guide sleeve; 4. Upper backrest frame; 5. Lower backrest frame; 6. Seat cushion frame; 7. Two lagging devices; 8. Upper circular shaft; 9. Middle circular shaft; 10. Lower circular shaft; 11. Connecting rod A; 12. Connecting rod B; 13. Connecting rod C; 14. Pressure plate; 15. Foam block; 16. Fixed plate; 17 , round shaft A; 18, round shaft B; 19, round shaft C; 20, round shaft D; 21, round shaft E.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a motor vehicle safety seat has an L-shaped seat frame, the frame in contact with the back and waist of the person is the seat back frame, and the frame in contact with the buttocks and thighs of the person is the seat Cushion skeleton. The uppermost end is a headrest 1, and the headrest 1 is fixedly connected with the headrest guide rod 2. Backrest frame is divided into upper backrest frame 4 and lower backrest frame 5 two parts. The upper back frame 4 is positioned above the lower back frame 5, the upper back frame 4 can rotate relative to the lower back frame 5, and the lower back frame 5 is fixedly connected with the cushion frame 6. The upper backrest frame 4 is L-shaped, and its placement direction in the seat is opposite to the L-shaped direction of the seat frame. There are two gaps on the top of the backrest frame 4, which can pass through the headrest guide sleeve 3. The headrest guide sleeve 3 is L-shaped, and the top of its vertical body and the rear end of the transverse body all become concave, and the placement direction of the headrest guide sleeve 3 in the seat is opposite to the L-shaped direction of the seat frame. The headrest guide rod 2 is movably inserted into the two protrusions of the vertical body of the headrest guide sleeve 3 for adjusting the height of the headrest 1 .

Upper backrest frame 4 fixedly installs upper circular shaft 8 on the partial upper position, and upper circular shaft 8 lateral gaps pass through the round hole at the corner of L-shaped headrest guide sleeve 3, and headrest guide sleeve 3 can rotate freely around upper circular shaft 8. Lower backrest frame 5 fixedly installs middle round shaft 9 in the partial upper position, and middle round shaft 9 lateral gaps pass through the circular hole at 4 corners of backrest frame 4 on the L-type, and last backrest frame 4 can freely rotate around middle round shaft 9. The lower circular shaft 10 is fixedly installed at the partial rear position of the cushion skeleton 6, and the lower circular shaft 10 lateral clearance passes through the circular hole at the front part of the cuboid pressure plate 14, and the pressure plate 14 can rotate freely around the lower circular shaft 10.

The pressure plate 14 is positioned in the cushion frame 6, and its rear top is the place where the feet are placed when the rear passenger rides. A fixed plate 16 is arranged below the pressure plate 14, and the fixed plate 16 is fixedly connected with the cushion frame 6. The foam block 15 is fixedly placed between the fixed plate 16 and the pressure plate 14, and the foam block 15 must be under a certain pressure before elastic deformation occurs. Normally, the foam block 15 supports the pressure plate 14, so that the pressure plate 14 is in a balanced position.

A circular shaft A17 is fixedly installed in the recess of the headrest guide sleeve 3 transverse bodies. A circular shaft B18 is fixedly installed on the rear portion of the backrest frame 4. The front end of the pressure plate 14 is provided with three square notches, and in the three square notches, the circular shaft C19, the circular shaft D20, and the circular shaft E21 are respectively fixedly installed. The circular axis C19 is arranged in the middle of the circular axis D20 and the circular axis E21, based on the forward driving direction of the motor vehicle, the circular axis D20 is on the left side of the circular axis C19, and the circular axis E21 is on the right side of the circular axis C19.

The connecting rod A11 is arranged in the middle of the connecting rod B12 and the connecting rod C13. Based on the forward driving direction of the motor vehicle, the connecting rod B12 is on the left side of the connecting rod A11, the connecting rod C13 is on the right side of the connecting rod A11, and the connecting rod B12 is on the right side of the connecting rod A11. Parallel to the connecting rod C13. An oblong hole is opened on the upper end of the connecting rod A11, and the circular axis A17 passes through the oblong hole through a lateral clearance, and matches the lower edge of the oblong hole, so that the connecting rod A11 is flexibly connected with the headrest guide sleeve 3. A small circular hole is formed at the lower end of the connecting rod A11 , and the circular axis C19 passes through the small circular hole with a lateral gap, so that the connecting rod A11 is movably connected with the pressure plate 14 . The upper ends of the connecting rod B12 and the connecting rod C13 are respectively provided with a small circular hole, and the transverse gap of the circular axis B18 passes through the small circular hole at the upper end of the connecting rod B12 and the connecting rod C13, so that the connecting rod B12, the connecting rod C13 and the upper backrest frame 4 are movable connect. The lower ends of the connecting rod B12 and the connecting rod C13 are respectively provided with a small circular hole, and the circular shaft D20 and the circular shaft E21 pass through the small circular holes at the lower ends of the connecting rod B12 and the connecting rod C13 through transverse gaps respectively, so that the connecting rod B12 and the connecting rod C13 respectively It is flexibly connected with the pressure plate 14.

In this way, the headrest guide sleeve 3, the connecting rod A11, and the pressure plate 14 can transmit force to each other; the upper back frame 4, the connecting rod B12, and the pressure plate 14 can transmit force to each other; The pressure plates 14 can transmit the action of force to each other.

The two hysteresis devices 7 are a pair and arranged symmetrically to each other. One side of the two hysteresis devices 7 is bonded to the upper backrest frame 4 , and the rear part of the other side is in contact with the vertical body of the headrest guide sleeve 3 . The two hysteresis devices 7 are made of rubber material, and there are blades protruding from the front surface of the side in contact with the vertical body of the headrest guide sleeve 3, and the blades are arranged obliquely forward.

The blades of the two hysteresis devices 7 hardly have a damping effect on the forward rotation of the headrest guide sleeve 3; while the headrest guide sleeve 3 rotates backward and returns to the original position, the blades play a damping role on the rotation of the headrest guide sleeve 3, Its resistance size is determined by the characteristics of the used rubber material of the two hysteresis devices 7.

In the early stage of motor vehicle frontal collision, due to the effect of collision inertial force, the rear passengers wearing seat belts bump forward, and their lower legs exert downward pressure on the rear part of the pressure plate 14 .

When the pressure exceeds a certain threshold value, the rear portion of the pressure plate 14 squeezes the foam block to make it elastically deformed, so that the rear portion of the pressure plate 14 rotates downward at a certain angle around the lower circular shaft 10, while the front portion of the pressure plate 14 Tilt upwards, and drive the connecting rod A11, connecting rod B12, and connecting rod C13 to move upward together.

Through the transmission of force, the connecting rod A11 makes the headrest guide sleeve 3 rotate forward by a certain angle around the upper circular axis, so that the headrest 1 rotates forward by a certain angle; the connecting rod B12 and the connecting rod C13 make the upper backrest frame 4 rotate forward The central axis 10 rotates forward at a certain angle, which can prevent the head of the passengers in the rear from colliding with the backrest, and effectively reduce the injuries suffered by the passengers in the rear.

In the latter stage of the frontal collision of the motor vehicle, the passengers in the rear row will perform a backward reset movement under the pulling force of the safety belt, and the calf of the passengers in the rear row will no longer exert pressure on the rear portion of the pressure plate 14, and the foam block 15 will recover to its original shape at this time. , reversely extruding the rear portion of the pressure plate 14 to rotate upward around the lower circular shaft 10, and then the front and rear portions of the pressure plate 14 return to their original positions. Through the transmission of force, the connecting rod A11 moves downward, and the connecting rod B12, the connecting rod C13 and the upper backrest frame 4 return to their initial positions.

After the connecting rod A11 stops moving, the headrest guide sleeve 3 is still at the maximum stroke position of the forward rotation, and the headrest 1 is also at the maximum stroke position of the forward rotation. The upper edge of the oblong hole in the connecting rod A11 matches.

In this way, during the driver's backward reset movement, the driver's head can contact the headrest 1 as soon as possible. After the contact, the driver's head moving backward produces an impact force on the headrest guide sleeve 3 . According to different frontal collisions, the impact force of the driver's head on the headrest guide sleeve 3 is different, which can be divided into the following two situations: (1) When the impact force of the driver's head on the headrest guide sleeve 3 does not exceed the two hysteresis devices 7. When the resistance of the blades to the headrest guide sleeve 3, the positions of the headrest guide sleeve 3 and the headrest 1 remain unchanged, that is, the maximum stroke position of the forward rotation is maintained, so that the driver's head no longer moves backward, thereby reducing the driver's neck. (2) When the impact force of the driver's head on the headrest guide sleeve 3 exceeds the resistance of the two lagging device 7 blades to the headrest guide sleeve, the headrest guide sleeve 3, Under the action of the driver's head impact force, the headrest 1 rotates backward around the upper circular shaft 8 until it returns to its original position (at this time, the circular shaft A17 in the headrest guide sleeve 3 is reconnected with the oblong hole in the connecting rod A11 The lower edges meet, and the connecting rod A11 returns to the initial position), and finally the driver's head stops moving. During this process, the head restraint 1 plays a role of hysteresis and buffering for the backward movement of the driver's head, which can also reduce the driving force. The extension bending moment of the driver's neck can avoid or reduce the driver's neck injury.

For situation (1), headrest guide sleeve 3 is under the effect of driver's head impact force, and headrest guide sleeve 3, headrest 1 position is unchanged, keeps the maximum stroke position of forward rotation. After the collision is over, it is necessary to manually apply force to make the headrest guide sleeve 3 and the headrest 1 rotate backward around the upper circular axis 8, and overcome the resistance of the two lagging device 7 blades to the headrest guide sleeve 3, and finally make the headrest guide sleeve 3 1. The headrest 1 returns to its initial position (at this moment, the circular axis A17 in the headrest guide sleeve 3 re-joins the lower edge of the oblong hole in the connecting rod A11, and the connecting rod A11 returns to its initial position), so that it can be used normally next time.

It should be noted that the orientation indicators such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear involved in the present invention are consistent with the corresponding up, down, left, right, front, and rear in conventional use of automobiles.

The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions for feasible implementations of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or implementation that does not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention All changes should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A safety seat for a motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a headrest (1), a headrest guide rod (2), a headrest guide sleeve (3), a seat frame, two hysteresis devices (7), an upper circle Shaft (8), middle round shaft (9), lower round shaft (10), connecting rod A (11), connecting rod B (12), connecting rod C (13), pressure plate (14), elastic block , round shaft A (17), round shaft B (18), round shaft C (19), round shaft D (20), round shaft E (21); The headrest (1) is fixedly connected to the headrest guide rod (2), and the headrest guide rod (2) is inserted into the interior of the seat frame and can slide up and down; The seat frame is L-shaped, including a back frame and a cushion frame (6); the back frame includes an upper back frame (4) and a lower back frame (5); the upper back frame (4) is located on the lower back frame Above (5), the upper backrest frame (4) can rotate relative to the lower backrest frame (5), and the lower backrest frame (5) is fixedly connected with the cushion frame (6); The upper backrest frame (4) is L-shaped, and its placement direction in the seat is opposite to the L-shaped direction of the seat frame; the headrest guide sleeve (3) is located inside the upper backrest frame (4); The headrest guide sleeve (3) is L-shaped, including a vertical body and a horizontal body, and the ends of the vertical body and the horizontal body are concave; the placement direction of the headrest guide sleeve (3) in the seat is It is opposite to the L-shaped direction of the seat frame; the headrest guide rod (2) is movably inserted into the two protrusions of the vertical body of the headrest guide sleeve (3); The upper circular shaft (8) is fixedly installed on the upper position of the upper backrest frame (4), and the lateral gap of the upper circular shaft (8) passes through the round hole at the corner of the L-shaped headrest guide sleeve (3), so The headrest guide sleeve (3) can freely rotate around the upper circular shaft (8); the lower backrest frame (5) is fixedly installed with a central circular shaft (9) at an upper position, and the central circular shaft (9) is horizontally The gap passes through the round hole at the corner of the L-shaped upper backrest frame (4), and the upper backrest frame (4) can rotate freely around the central axis (9); the seat cushion frame (6) is fixedly installed at the rear position The lower circular shaft (10), the lateral clearance of the lower circular shaft (10) passes through the circular hole at the front of the cuboid pressure plate (14), and the pressure plate (14) can rotate around the lower circular shaft (10); A round shaft A (17) is fixedly installed at the notch of the transverse body of the headrest guide sleeve (3); a round shaft B (18) is fixedly installed at the end of the L-shaped bottom of the upper backrest frame (4); The front end of the pressure plate (14) has three square notches, and the circular shaft D (20), the circular shaft C (19) and the circular shaft E (21) are respectively fixedly installed in the three square notches from left to right. The rear portion of the pressure plate (14) is used as a pedal for rear passengers; The circular shaft A (17) is connected to the circular shaft C (19) through a connecting rod A (11), the upper end of the connecting rod A (11) has an upper hole, and the circular shaft A (17 ) the transverse gap passes through the upper hole and fits with the lower edge of the upper hole, so that the connecting rod A (11) is flexibly connected with the headrest guide sleeve (3); the lower end of the connecting rod A (11) has a lower hole, the circular axis C (19) transverse clearance passes through this lower hole, so that the connecting rod A (11) is flexibly connected with the pressure plate (14); the upper end of the connecting rod B (12), the connecting rod C (13) and Holes are respectively opened at the lower ends, and the circular shafts B (18) respectively pass through the holes at the upper ends of the connecting rod B (12) and the connecting rod C (13) through transverse gaps, so that the connecting rod B (12), the connecting rod C (13) It is movably connected with the upper backrest frame (4), the circular axis D (20) passes through the hole at the lower end of the connecting rod B (12) through the transverse clearance, and the circular axis E (21) passes through the connecting rod C (13) through the transverse clearance The hole at the lower end makes the connecting rod B (12) and the connecting rod C (13) respectively movably connected with the pressure plate (14); The two hysteresis devices (7) are a pair and arranged symmetrically to each other. One side of the two hysteresis devices (7) is bonded and fixed to the upper backrest frame (4), and the rear part of the other side is bonded to the headrest guide sleeve ( 3) vertical body contact; the front surface of the side of the two hysteresis devices (7) in contact with the headrest guide sleeve (3) is provided with protruding blades. 2. A kind of motor vehicle safety seat according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper part of the upper backrest frame (4) has two gaps for the two protrusions of the vertical body of the headrest guide sleeve (3) wear out. 3. A kind of motor vehicle safety seat according to claim 1, characterized in that, a fixed plate (16) is also provided under the pressure plate, and the front end of the fixed plate (16) is in contact with the cushion frame. The bottom of (6) is fixedly connected, and an elastic block is placed between the rear end of the fixed plate (16) and the rear end of the pressure plate (14). 4. A motor vehicle safety seat according to claim 3, characterized in that, the elastic block is a foam block (15). 5. A motor vehicle safety seat according to claim 3, characterized in that, the fixing plate (16) is fixedly connected to the cushion frame (6). 6. A motor vehicle safety seat according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper hole of the connecting rod A (11) is an elongated circular hole for the circular shaft A (17) to pass through; The lower hole of the connecting rod A (11) is a small circular hole for the circular shaft C (19) to pass through. 7. A motor vehicle safety seat according to claim 1, characterized in that, the holes at the upper end and the lower end of the connecting rod B (12), the connecting rod C (13) are all round holes. 8 . The motor vehicle safety seat according to claim 1 , wherein the protruding blades are arranged obliquely forward. 9. A motor vehicle safety seat according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that the two hysteresis devices (7) are made of rubber.