CN106824984A - A kind of life refuse processing method - Google Patents
A kind of life refuse processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106824984A CN106824984A CN201710020414.4A CN201710020414A CN106824984A CN 106824984 A CN106824984 A CN 106824984A CN 201710020414 A CN201710020414 A CN 201710020414A CN 106824984 A CN106824984 A CN 106824984A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of life refuse processing method, it is related to disposition of solid waste technical field.The life refuse processing method, comprises the steps of：S1, is pre-processed to house refuse, and the bagged garbage in house refuse is carried out into broken bag treatment, and by the dumping after broken bag in fermentation tank；S2, one layer of expanded ptfe composite membrane is covered above the rubbish piled up in fermentation tank, forms a confined space, under aerobic conditions, using aerobic bacteria by the static aerobic fermentation of 14~17 days, the moisture in house refuse is down into 30%~35%；S3, will carry out one-level screening process in the step S2 by the house refuse after aerobic fermentation, obtain one-level oversize and one-level screenings, and the one-level oversize and one-level screenings are separately recovered into utilization.The beneficial effects of the present invention are：House refuse can be carried out low cost become thoroughly decomposed, desiccation, reduce house refuse in water content, simplify technique, reduction system input and operating cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to disposition of solid waste technical field, and in particular to a kind of life refuse processing method.
Background technology
The composition characteristics of China's house refuse are influenceed by factors such as Living consumption, energy resource structure, seasonal variations, are had
Complexity, polytropy, stronger with Combination, component diversity compared with external house refuse, composition fluctuation is bigger, moisture
The features such as content is higher.The Domestic Waste Collection mode set of China most cities is all mixed collection, is also had in addition to experimental city
Many cities are just configured without categorized consumer waste collection facility at all, the city for having categorized consumer waste collection facility, citizen
It also is difficult to accomplish that rubbish is correctly put on by classification with passerby, due to there is no refuse classification treatment measures, last or mixing post processing.
These factors cause that China sorting consumer waste difficulty is big, process high energy consumption, and secondary pollution is easily caused to environment, increase dehydration and
Foul smell, cost for wastewater treatment.
The conventional processing method of current house refuse mainly has sanitary landfills, compost and burning.Landfill disposal is selected site
Location condition requirement is higher, and floor space is big, and required overburden soil amount is also larger, long processing period, the landfill gas of small landfill yard
Percolate with landfill yard is difficult；Landfill does not carry out harmless treatment to discarded object in addition, is simply deposited in discarded object
, also there is potential pollution hidden trouble to soil and groundwater in landfill yard.The direct compost of house refuse, takes up an area larger, fertilizer quality
Difference, it is impossible to be directly used in agricultural production；In order to prevent heavy metal by food chain do harm to huamn body, consumer garbage compost is produced
The whereabouts for going out thing is severely restricted.Burning disposal effect is easily influenceed by discarded object composition and calorific value, generation bioxin,
Heavy metal, flying dust and tailings etc. are serious to environment and harm, and construction investment is big, and processing cost is high.
Pyrolytic technique is the method for solid waste resource recovery currently risen, using rich in combustible and having
Solid waste the production energy and the chemical products of machine thing, are the developing direction of discarded object comprehensive resource disposal.Using pyrolysis
The solid waste such as technology disposal house refuse, the influence factor of most critical is the moisture in material.Particularly in China, occupied
The influence of people's habits and customs, the moisture of house refuse is very high, so as to increased the adhesion property between wherein different material,
So that the low separation efficiency of light-heavy material, organic matter and inert material, is that the process route of RDF preparations is formulated, lectotype selection band
Carry out extreme difficulty, the removal of moisture causes the rising of system energy consumption, have a strong impact on solid wastes recycling disposal economic benefit and can
Continuation.In addition, contain substantial amounts of perishable organic matter in house refuse, the meeting spontaneous fermentation during storage and pretreatment,
Stench, especially dynamic fermentation and half dynamic fermentation are produced, it is necessary to turning, processing cost is high, and difficulty accomplishes totally-enclosed, easily causes
Secondary pollution, working environment is more severe.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of life refuse processing method, to solve or at least be deposited in mitigation background technology
At least one at problem.
Microorganism aerobic fermentation technique needs certain humidity, oxygen content, process is raised with temperature, moisture is reduced,
The change of material component and smell.The present invention is to like moist environment using aerobic microbiological, with perishable organic matter as nutrients
Grown, bred, and produce heat to promote temperature of charge to raise so as to evaporate the characteristic of moisture during the course of the reaction, completed rubbish
The fermentation of perishable organic matter in rubbish, becomes the humus of stabilization, and organic matter realizes the dry of material while fermentative degradation
Change the reduction with moisture, reach low cost removal material moisture, change rubbish stalling characteristic, reduce RDF producting process difficulties, increasing
Oil (gas) filling device efficiency and life-span, RDF drying costs are reduced, improve pyrolysis production capacity and reduce the purposes such as waste water output.
Aerobic film drying technique be under aerobic, mulching plastic film condition, by house refuse have by oneself microorganism will life rubbish
Perishable organic matter in rubbish carries out decomposing the process for becoming humus and playing desiccation effect.The life that microorganism passes through itself
Activity, a part of absorbed organic matter in the presence of water, resolves into simple inorganic matter, while discharge being available for micro- life
Energy needed for thing vegetative activity, and another part organic matter is then synthesized new cytoplasm, makes the continuous growth and breeding of microorganism.
While organic matter biodegradation, produced with heat, film has functions that insulation so that the temperature of material is raised, so
The heat energy is by the moisture evaporation in house refuse.By the absorption of microorganism, oxidation, decompose, house refuse obtains volume reduction, powder
Change, cause stink substance to absorb decomposition, moisture reduction.
EPTFE composite membranes are the functional membranes with molecular filtration microcellular structure, and the functional membrane can allow carbon dioxide and water to steam
The small molecules such as vapour are passed through, and the macromolecular such as foul smell, ammonia, germ can not pass through, and will not be escaped in the stink for ensureing whole digest process
While going out, moisture constantly evaporates outward.Because the reason for overlay film, the oxygen being passed through is conducive to more to evenly spread to heap body each
Individual position.
Therefore, according to above-mentioned analysis, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of life refuse processing method is provided, is wrapped
Containing following steps：
S1, is pre-processed to house refuse, and the bagged garbage in house refuse is carried out into broken bag treatment, and by after broken bag
Dumping in fermentation tank；
S2, covers one layer of expanded ptfe composite membrane above the rubbish piled up in fermentation tank, formation one is closed
Space, under aerobic conditions, using aerobic bacteria by the static aerobic fermentation of 14~17 days, the moisture in house refuse is dropped
To 30%~35%；
S3, will carry out one-level screening process in the step S2 by the house refuse after aerobic fermentation, obtain one-level sieve
Upper thing and one-level screenings, utilization is separately recovered by the one-level oversize and one-level screenings.
Preferably, in the step S2, aerobic strain is added during aerobic fermentation.
Preferably, in the step S2, ventilation shaft, rhone, water pump, TEMP are provided with the fermentation tank
Device, oxygen concentration sensor, pressure sensor, moisture recorder, oxygen concentration recorder, ventilated control system and electric-controlled molding
Block, data, pressure sensor data and oxygen consumption rate co- controlling ventilation according to temperature sensor.
Preferably, in the step S3, the house refuse feeding rotary screen after aerobic fermentation is carried out into one-level screening, institute
The screen-aperture for stating rotary screen is 60~100mm, it is ensured that inorganic matter more than 95% enters screenings.
Preferably, magnetic separation is carried out first by the one-level oversize after rotary screen screening, remove the gold in one-level oversize
Category material, then to carrying out in small, broken bits, drying successively by the material after magnetic separation, is made the RDF for meeting and being pyrolyzed into stove requirement.
Preferably, two grades of screenings and two grades of oversizes further are obtained comprising two grades of screenings are carried out to the screenings,
The screen-aperture of two grades of screenings positions 5~12mm.
Preferably, selection by winnowing is carried out to two grades of oversizes using winnowing machine, according to material in two grades of oversizes
Proportion, selection by winnowing goes out the first selection by winnowing material and the second selection by winnowing material, and the second selection by winnowing of the first selection by winnowing material ratio material is light, will be described
First selection by winnowing material is dried together with the one-level oversize after in small, broken bits, is made the RDF for meeting and being pyrolyzed into stove requirement.
Preferably, magnetic separation is carried out to the second selection by winnowing material using magnetic separator, removes the iron in the second selection by winnowing material, so
Non-ferrous metal is picked out by vortex flow afterwards, surplus materials is sent to landfill or recycled as building materials.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention covers house refuse using ePTFE (expanded ptfe) composite membrane, forms closed space,
EPTFE (expanded ptfe) composite membranes inner membrance has insulation, wear-resisting, corrosion resistant effect, can effectively prevent heat
Loss, using bacterium by the static aerobic fermentation of 14~17 days, reduce the moisture in house refuse.By film desiccation method pair
House refuse carry out low cost become thoroughly decomposed, desiccation so that refuse thermal value is significantly improved, rubbish loss of weight substantially, percolate can not outer row,
Viscosity significantly declines between rubbish material, shortens sort process, simplifies that technique, technical operation be simple, reduction system is thrown
Enter and operating cost.Water vapour is isolated with ePTFE composite membranes in film desiccation operation, prevents foul smell effusion smelly so as to eliminate
Taste；Reach the purpose of desiccation material, the percolate of generation desiccation midterm spray on material adjusting fermentation condition；Save
Percolate treatment and the system investments of Odor control.
House refuse is covered using ePTFE (expanded ptfe) composite membrane in film drying process, formation one is close
Space is closed, oxygen supply is carried out by air blower, one layer of liquid film is formd in ePTFE membrane inner surface, carbon dioxide and water vapour etc. are small
Molecule can cause the macromoleculars such as gas, the germ of stink can not be by inner membrance liquid film, and gradually by micro- life by inner membrance liquid film
Thing biochemical degradation, it is to avoid the uncontrollable discharge of foul smell；Without turning in this fermentation process, the not outer row of foul smell, without deodorant
System, solves existing fermentation technique whole factory building and is required for the drawbacks of building deodoration system, greatly reduces and builds into
Sheet and operating cost.
The outermost film of ePTFE composite membranes of use, is made with antiultraviolet, waterproof, high intensity, wear-resisting material,
The requirement of outdoor hermetically sealed compost can be met, the discharge without foul smell and waste water, therefore factory building need not be built, greatly save
Construction cost.
The house refuse of high moisture content, silt sticks to the surfaces such as plastics, fabric, paper, equipment mill in shattering process
Damage and accelerate, production capacity reduction, fault rate increases；Film drying technique reduction garbage water is first passed through, RDF production equipments can be improved
Efficiency, the stability of service life and system, reliability.
Material moisture is a key factor for influenceing pyrolytic process, using biological drying technology reduction house refuse
RDF moisture, greatly reduces the generation of pyrolysis energy consumption and pyrolysis waste water, and ferment a small amount of percolate for producing, during the fermentation,
Can be carrying out microbiological treatment in recharge to heap body, it is to avoid the generation of waste water, the pollution to environment is reduced, improve systematic economy
Benefit.
It is pyrolyzed pyrolysis wastewater treatment difficulty, equipment investment and the cost of disposal for producing all very high, is dropped by film drying technique
The moisture of low house refuse RDF, from the generation of Sources controlling waste water, directly reduces the discharge of pollutant, reduces environmental pressure.
Composite membrane static aerobic fermentation desiccation, can largely save factory building in outdoor application, small investment, instant effect
Input, can substitute conventional garbage landfill yard, solve that present refuse landfill foul smell is excessive, mosquitos and flies cockroach mouse is spread unchecked, oozes
The environmental problems such as filtrate contamination.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the life refuse processing method of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of present invention implementation clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.In the accompanying drawings, identical from start to finish or class
As label represent same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Described embodiment is the present invention
A part of embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Embodiment below with reference to Description of Drawings is exemplary, it is intended to used
It is of the invention in explaining, and be not considered as limiting the invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.Under
Face is described in detail with reference to accompanying drawing to embodiments of the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "front", "rear",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom " " interior ", " outward " are based on accompanying drawing institute
The orientation or position relationship for showing, are for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description, rather than the dress for indicating or implying meaning
Put or element with specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that must be protected to the present invention
The limitation of scope.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of life refuse processing method, comprises the steps of：
S1, is pre-processed to house refuse, and the bagged garbage in house refuse is carried out into broken bag treatment, and by after broken bag
Dumping in fermentation tank；Specifically, first pass through full dose bag-breaking machine carries out broken bag to crude waste, by urban and rural domestic refuse
The sack of middle bagged garbage is torn, and is film drying and other treatment provides convenient.Material after broken bag is piled into bar pile, bar in fermentation tank
Pile size and cone quantity are designed according to garbage treatment quantity.
S2, covers one layer of expanded ptfe composite membrane above the rubbish piled up in fermentation tank, formation one is closed
Space, under aerobic conditions, using aerobic bacteria by the static aerobic fermentation of 14~17 days, the moisture in house refuse is dropped
To 30%~35%；
Ventilation shaft, rhone, water pump, temperature sensor, oxygen concentration sensor, pressure is provided with the fermentation tank to pass
Sensor, moisture recorder, oxygen concentration recorder, ventilated control system and electric control module, data according to temperature sensor,
Pressure sensor data and oxygen consumption rate co- controlling ventilation.
Specifically, being provided with ventilation shaft in the bottom of fermentation tank, film covering device is provided with above fermentation tank, be used for
The laying of ePTFE composite membranes, winding.
Under aerobic conditions, aerobic bacteria to house refuse in perishable organic matter absorbed, aoxidized, decomposed,
By the static aerobic fermentation of 14~17 days or so, the crude waste moisture of 55%~60% moisture can be down to 30%~
35%, while perishable organic matter is basically completed and becomes thoroughly decomposed.
It is understood that in above-mentioned aerobic bacteria fermentation process, aerobic strain can be added.Adding strain can have
Effect starts aerobic fermentation, accelerates the speed that temperature rises, and saves fermentation time, and the material totality moisture that fermented is with 30%~40%
It is advisable, the viscosity between material is remarkably decreased, is conducive to screening and separating effect and is not likely to produce airborne dust.Add appropriate aerobic
After bacterium, can be by fermentation time reduction to 8~10 days.
S3, will carry out one-level screening process in the step S2 by the house refuse after aerobic fermentation, obtain one-level sieve
Upper thing and one-level screenings, utilization is separately recovered by the one-level oversize and one-level screenings.
In the step S3, the house refuse feeding rotary screen after aerobic fermentation is carried out into one-level screening, rotary screen
Screen-aperture is 60~100mm, it is ensured that inorganic matter more than 95% enters screenings.
In the present embodiment, the screen-aperture of rotary screen is 80mm.Oversize is mainly the calorific values such as plastics, cloth, rubber
Material higher, magnetic separation is carried out by the one-level oversize after rotary screen screening first, removes the metal object in one-level oversize
Matter, then to carrying out in small, broken bits, drying successively by the material after magnetic separation, is made the RDF for meeting and being pyrolyzed into stove requirement.
Screenings main component after one-level is sieved is the organic matter and part sandstone, difficult corruption material for having completed to become thoroughly decomposed
Deng impurity, two grades of screenings are further carried out to the screenings, obtain two grades of screenings and two grades of oversizes, two grades of screenings
Screen-aperture position 5~12mm.Out, remaining screenings is humus to the hardly possible corruption material screening that will wherein remain, and can be made
Nutrition Soil is used for turf plantation and afforestation etc..
In the present embodiment, also comprising selection by winnowing is carried out to two grades of oversizes using winnowing machine, according to described two grades sieves
The proportion of material in upper thing, selection by winnowing goes out the first selection by winnowing material and the second selection by winnowing material, the second selection by winnowing of the first selection by winnowing material ratio
Material is light, and the first selection by winnowing material is dried together with the one-level oversize after in small, broken bits, and being made that satisfaction is pyrolyzed will into stove
The RDF for asking.Second selection by winnowing material is mainly made up of the inorganic inert materials such as broken ceramics, small stone and metal, using magnetic separator pair
The second selection by winnowing material carries out magnetic separation, and then the iron in the second selection by winnowing material of removal pick out non-ferrous metal by vortex flow,
Surplus materials is sent to landfill or is recycled as building materials.
It is last it is to be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations.To the greatest extent
Pipe has been described in detail to the present invention with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：It is still
Technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can be modified, or which part technical characteristic is equally replaced
Change；And these modifications or replacement, do not make the essence of the essence disengaging various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme of appropriate technical solution
God and scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of life refuse processing method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of：
S1, is pre-processed to house refuse, and the bagged garbage in house refuse carried out into broken bag treatment, and by the rubbish after broken bag
Rubbish is deposited in fermentation tank；
S2, one layer of expanded ptfe composite membrane is covered above the rubbish piled up in fermentation tank, forms a confined space,
Under aerobic conditions, using aerobic bacteria by the static aerobic fermentation of 14~17 days, the moisture in house refuse is down to
30%~35%；
S3, will carry out one-level screening process in the step S2 by the house refuse after aerobic fermentation, obtain one-level oversize
With one-level screenings, the one-level oversize and one-level screenings are separately recovered utilization.
2. life refuse processing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step S2, in aerobic fermentation
During add aerobic strain.
3. life refuse processing method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in the step S2, the fermentation tank
In be provided with ventilation shaft, rhone, water pump, temperature sensor, oxygen concentration sensor, pressure sensor, moisture recorder, oxygen
Consistency recorder, ventilated control system and electric control module, data, pressure sensor data and oxygen according to temperature sensor
Wear rate co- controlling ventilation.
4. life refuse processing method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：In the step S3, by aerobic fermentation
House refuse feeding rotary screen afterwards carries out one-level screening, and the screen-aperture of the rotary screen is 60~100mm, it is ensured that inorganic matter
More than 95% enters screenings.
5. life refuse processing method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that by the one-level sieve after rotary screen screening
Thing carries out magnetic separation first, removes the metallics in one-level oversize, then to by the material after magnetic separation carry out successively it is in small, broken bits,
Drying, is made the RDF for meeting and being pyrolyzed into stove requirement.
6. life refuse processing method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Further include is carried out to the screenings
Two grades of screenings, obtain two grades of screenings and two grades of oversizes, and the screen-aperture of two grades of screenings positions 5~12mm.
7. life refuse processing method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Using winnowing machine to two grades of oversizes
Selection by winnowing is carried out, according to the proportion of material in two grades of oversizes, selection by winnowing goes out the first selection by winnowing material and the second selection by winnowing material, described
First the second selection by winnowing of selection by winnowing material ratio material is light, and the first selection by winnowing material is dried together with the one-level oversize after in small, broken bits
It is dry, it is made the RDF for meeting and being pyrolyzed into stove requirement.
8. life refuse processing method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：Using magnetic separator to the second selection by winnowing thing
Material carries out magnetic separation, and then the iron in the second selection by winnowing material of removal pick out non-ferrous metal by vortex flow, and surplus materials is sent to and filled out
Bury or recycled as building materials.
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| CN109226171A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-18 | 湖南万容科技股份有限公司 | A kind of domestic garbage comprehensive recycling processing method |
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| CN109759416A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-05-17 | 光大环境修复(江苏)有限公司 | A kind of integrated conduct method of house refuse |
| CN110280562A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-27 | 北京中源创能工程技术有限公司 | Organic waste cooperative processing method and system |
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