CN106801403B - A method for preventing debris flow disasters and recycling debris flow products - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for preventing debris flow disasters and reusing debris flow products solves the problems in the prior art that the debris flow has poor flood discharge effect on the dam body and is easy to cause damage to the dam body; there is no preventive measure against the impact of larger rocks on the dam body. The utility model is characterized in that: it includes building a stone blocking pile at the gentle slope of the mountainside, and constructing a diversion ditch under the stone blocking pile; dam, build multiple flood discharge ditches side by side on the upper part of the mud retaining dam; and reuse the debris flow products and other steps. It can reduce the impact of debris flow on the retaining dam, guide the flow direction of the flood in the debris flow, thereby effectively reducing the degree of debris flow disaster and the scope of influence; and can separate the mud and water produced by the debris flow to realize the reuse of debris flow products.

Description

A method for preventing debris flow disasters and recycling debris flow products

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of natural disaster prevention and control, and in particular relates to a method for preventing debris flow disasters and recycling debris flow products, which can reduce the degree of debris flow disaster and the scope of influence, and can separate mud and water generated by debris flow to realize the reuse of debris flow products. .

Background technique

Debris flows are torrents formed by heavy rain and floods that contain sand, gravel and soft soil mountains after saturation and dilution; typical debris flows are composed of viscous mud with suspended coarse solid debris and rich in silt and clay. Debris flows often have the characteristics of sudden eruption, ferocious and rapid onset, and have the dual effects of collapse, landslide and flood damage, so their damage is more serious and wider than single collapse, landslide and flood. Debris flows have great harm to residential areas, highways, railways and other transportation facilities and water conservancy projects. Debris flows into villages and towns will drown people and animals, destroy land, and cause greater loss of personnel and property; debris flows can also bury stations and railways. and highways, destroying roadbeds and bridges, causing traffic disruptions and affecting personnel evacuation and disaster relief. When debris flows into water conservancy projects, they will deposit in reservoirs, erode the surface of dams, and even destroy hydropower stations.

The existing debris flow prevention and control measures mainly include the following three: one is to reasonably plant trees in the mountainous areas to prevent soil erosion; the second is to establish drainage facilities to regulate the areas where debris flows pass, and prevent debris flows from flowing through buildings and main roads. ; The third is to build various retaining dams in the debris flow ditch to reduce the damage of debris flow to downstream buildings. Because the first method of planting trees is expensive and slow to bear fruit, the latter two methods are currently used to prevent and control debris flow disasters.

According to the retrieval of relevant patent documents, the publication number is CN103882829A "Bubble Concrete Retaining Wall for Preventing Debris Flow Disaster and Construction and Maintenance Method", which adopts the method of setting up a stone blocking wall at the foot of the slope and pouring the bubble concrete on the slope face of the stone blocking wall. methods to prevent debris flow disasters. The "Arched Retaining Wall for Preventing Landslides and Debris Flow Disasters" with the publication number of CN104294843A adopts the pillar piles set in the pillar pits on the rock layer of the mountain as the skeleton, and uses the rock to build the arched retaining wall. The method of setting aquifers to prevent debris flow disasters. The publication number is CN105926544A "An economical debris flow retaining dam structure and its construction method", which adopts concrete block stones inside the dam, external dam body concrete and overflow weir on the top, and the shape of the dam is arranged on the dam body. Drain holes on the top to stop the debris flow. The debris flow retaining dam body in the first two methods cannot produce the effect of flood discharge in the event of a large debris flow disaster, and the dam body is easily damaged. The above method also does not mention the preventive measures against the larger rocks mixed in the debris flow, and cannot reduce the impact of the larger rocks in the debris flow on the dam body. At the same time, the existing technologies do not mention the concept of reuse of mud and flood water, nor do they have specific descriptions and prompts for the separation and treatment methods of flood water and mud. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing methods of prevention and control of debris flow disasters.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is aimed at the above-mentioned problems, and provides a method for preventing debris flow disasters and recycling debris flow products, which can reduce the degree of debris flow disaster and the scope of influence, and can separate mud and water produced by debris flow to realize the reuse of debris flow products.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: the method for preventing debris flow disaster comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Build stone blocking piles on the gentle slope of the mountainside; the stone blocking piles are located on the gentle slope of the mountainside, and are evenly arranged at 90 degrees to the horizontal plane at equal intervals; the arranged stone blocking piles can effectively reduce the larger rocks in the debris flow. The quantity and quality of the blocks, thereby reducing the impact of the debris flow on the lower part of the mountain;

Step 2, build a water diversion ditch below the stone blocking pile; excavate 1-2 water diversion ditches below the rock blocking pile, and the diversion ditches are inclined towards the direction away from the dam body to guide the flow direction of part of the debris flow, and carry out the flood in the upper debris flow. Diversion; thus preventing a large number of debris flows from flowing down the hillside and having a strong impact on the dam body;

Step 3. Build a mud retaining dam at the position at the foot of the mountain;

Step 4. Build a retaining dam under the mud retaining dam at the foot of the mountain;

Step 5. Build multiple flood drainage ditches side by side on the upper part of the retaining dam; the flood drainage ditches can release the upper part of the debris flow in the retaining dam and the part with more water into the retaining dam below, and at the same time release the high-density debris flow into the retaining dam below. Sediment remains in the retaining dam, enhancing the mud-water separation effect.

In the first step, 2 to 3 rows of stone-blocking piles are constructed on the gentle slope of the mountainside, and the row spacing is 2 meters; the material of the stone-blocking piles is reinforced concrete.

In the second step, the cross section of the water diversion ditch constructed under the stone blocking pile is an inverted trapezoid structure, and is reinforced with concrete.

In the third step, the mud retaining dam built at the position at the foot of the mountain faces the side of the retaining dam, and the included angle with the horizontal plane is between 55° and 65°.

In the fourth step, the side of the water retaining dam built under the mud retaining dam facing away from the mud retaining dam has an included angle between 70° and 80° with the horizontal plane.

The method for reusing the debris flow products obtained by the above-mentioned method for preventing debris flow disasters: when the debris flow recedes, the larger stones blocked by the stone blocking piles can be transported away as building materials; It can be used to grow crops or flowers; the water stored between the mud retaining dam and the retaining dam can be used to irrigate the farmland in the event of drought. In order to make full use of debris flow products, to achieve the purpose of effective use of resources.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the stone retaining piles arranged in the method for preventing debris flow disasters and reusing debris flow products can effectively reduce the number and quality of larger stones in the debris flow, reduce the impact of debris flow on the mud retaining dam, and increase the blocking effect of the debris flow. The service life of the mud dam. The diversion ditch arranged under the stone retaining pile can guide the flow direction of the flood in the debris flow above the retaining dam and the retaining dam. Multiple flood drainage ditches built side by side on the upper part of the retaining dam can release the upper and more water-containing parts of the debris flow in the retaining dam to the retaining dam below, and at the same time keep the sediment with higher density in the retaining dam In the dam, the mud-water separation effect is enhanced. The mud in the retaining dam can be collected and used after the debris flows, and the water stored between the retaining dam and the retaining dam can be used to irrigate the farmland in the event of drought; making full use of resources.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the main facilities used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 along the flow direction of the debris flow.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the mud retaining dam in FIG. 1 .

Explanation of the serial number in the picture: 1 stone pile, 2 diversion ditch, 3 mud retaining dam, 4 retaining dam, 5 mountain body, 6 flood discharge ditch.

Detailed ways

The method for preventing debris flow disasters and reusing debris flow products is used for preventing disasters caused by debris flow and reusing debris flow products. The main facilities used in the method include stone blocking piles 1, water diversion ditch 2, mud retaining dam 3 and water retaining dam 4, wherein the rock blocking pile 1 is located on the gentle slope of the hillside, and the water diversion ditch 2 is excavated under the rock blocking pile 1, and the mud retaining The dam 3 and the retaining dam 4 are located at the foot of the mountain, and the retaining dam 3 is located above the retaining dam 4 .

The specific steps of the present invention are described in detail according to Figures 1 to 5:

Step 1. Build a stone blocking pile 1 on the gentle slope of the mountainside. The stone blocking pile 1 is located on the gentle slope of the mountainside, at 90 degrees to the horizontal plane, and evenly arranged at equal intervals. A total of 2 to 3 rows are constructed, and the row spacing is 2 meters. The stone-blocking piles 1 arranged can effectively reduce the quantity and quality of larger stones in the debris flow, thereby reducing the impact of the debris flow on the bottom of the mountain; the material of the stone-blocking piles 1 is reinforced concrete according to specific use requirements.

Step 2: Build a water diversion ditch 2 below the stone blocking pile 1 . 1-2 diversion ditches 2 are excavated below the stone blocking pile 1. The cross section of diversion ditches 2 is an inverted trapezoid structure, and the diversion ditches 2 are inclined towards the direction away from the dam body, and are reinforced with concrete; a large amount of water in the debris flow can be removed. Lead away, slow down the velocity of the debris flow, reduce the erosion of the debris flow on the mountain body below the diversion ditch 2, prevent a large amount of debris flow from flowing down the hillside and have a strong impact on the dam body, thereby preventing the further deterioration of the disaster.

Step 3. Build a mud retaining dam 3 at the position at the foot of the mountain; the mud retaining dam 3 faces the side of the retaining dam 4, and the angle between the mud retaining dam 3 and the horizontal plane is between 55° and 65°; according to specific application needs, it can be 60°.

Step 4. Build a retaining dam 4 under the mud retaining dam 3 at the foot of the mountain; the side of the retaining dam 4 facing away from the mud retaining dam 3, and the angle between the horizontal plane is between 70° and 80°; according to the specific Application needs, can be 75°.

Step 5: Build a plurality of flood drainage ditches 6 side by side on the upper part of the mud retaining dam 3 . The flood discharge ditch 6 can make the upper part of the debris flow falling into the mud retaining dam 3 and the water-rich part flow into the retaining dam 4 below the mud retaining dam 3; It can enhance the mud and water separation effect of debris flow.

When the debris flow recedes, the larger stones blocked by the stone blocking piles 1 can be transported away as building materials; the mud containing a large amount of humus washed down from the mountains is deposited in the mudguard 3; the mudguard 3 accumulates The soil collected can be used to grow crops or flowers. The water stored between the mud retaining dam 3 and the retaining dam 4 can be used to irrigate the farmland in the event of drought. So as to achieve the purpose of making full use of debris flow products.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of method for preventing mud-stone flow disaster, characterized by the following steps:

Stone mar (1) is blocked Step 1: building at the gentle slope on hill-side in place；Stone mar (1) is blocked to be located at the gentle slope on hill-side, and with level Face is at 90 degree, equidistant uniformly arrangement；Arrangement block stone mar (1) can efficiently reduce in mud-rock flow compared with the quantity of ratchel and Quality, to reduce impact of the mud-rock flow to foot of the hill lower part；

Step 2: building lead (2) in the lower section for blocking stone mar (1), the cross section of lead (2) is inverted trapezoidal structure, and is made It is reinforced with concrete；1~2 lead (2) are excavated in the lower section for blocking stone mar (1), and lead (2) is directed away from dam body Direction inclination, with the flow direction of leader mud-rock flow, flood in the mud-rock flow of top is shunted；To prevent a large amount of mudstones Stream is flowed down along hillside, generates intense impact to dam body；

Step 3: building gear mud dam (3) at the position being situated at the foot of a hill, the side of mud dam (3) towards checkdam (4) is kept off, with The angle of horizontal plane is between 55 °~65 °；

Step 4: building checkdam (4) in the lower section on the gear mud dam (3) being situated at the foot of a hill, checkdam (4) is backwards to gear mud dam (3) Side, the angle with horizontal plane is between 70 °~80 °；

Step 5: building multiple flood drain ways (6) side by side on the top of gear mud dam (3)；Flood drain way (6) can will keep off mud dam (3) mud-rock flow top, aqueous more part in are discharged into the checkdam (4) of lower section, while by the higher silt of density It stays in gear mud dam (3), enhances mud-water separation effect.

2. the method for prevention mud-stone flow disaster according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 1, Yushan Hill in place That builds at the gentle slope of waist blocks stone mar (1), can build 2~3 rows, and line-spacing is 2 meters；The material for blocking stone mar (1) is armored concrete.