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CN106772551B - A kind of tissue-equivalent proportional counter on-line calibration method - Google Patents

A kind of tissue-equivalent proportional counter on-line calibration method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106772551B
CN106772551B CN201710118942.3A CN201710118942A CN106772551B CN 106772551 B CN106772551 B CN 106772551B CN 201710118942 A CN201710118942 A CN 201710118942A CN 106772551 B CN106772551 B CN 106772551B
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calibration
tissue
proportional counter
source
equivalent proportional
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CN106772551A (en
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张伟华
李春娟
王志强
刘毅娜
骆海龙
李玮
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China Institute of Atomic of Energy
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
    • G01T7/005—Details of radiation-measuring instruments calibration techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/18—Measuring radiation intensity with counting-tube arrangements, e.g. with Geiger counters

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of calibration methods of radiation detector assembly.To solve the problems, such as that the tissue-equivalent proportional counter based on gas electronic doubling technology there is no on-line calibration method can be with the present invention provides a kind of tissue-equivalent proportional counter on-line calibration methods.The calibration method is the following steps are included: (one) takes the source α and low energy X ray source known to energy as calibration source；(2) calibration hole is set；(3) calibration source is placed；(4) anode plate signal collection area is set；(5) α particle and electronics are obtained in the pulse amplitude spectrum of corresponding sensitive intracavitary maximum deposition energy and tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated；(6) the line power spectrum for calculating tissue-equivalent proportional counter measurement to be calibrated, completes calibration.Calibration method of the invention can be such that calibration result covers to the extremely wide line power spectrum for crossing over 3 orders of magnitude, preferably solve the problems, such as the on-line calibration of the tissue-equivalent proportional counter based on gas electronic doubling technology.

Description

A kind of tissue-equivalent proportional counter on-line calibration method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of calibration method of radiation detector assembly, in particular to a kind of tissue-equivalent proportional counter exists Line calibration method.
Background technique
Tissue-equivalent proportional counter is a kind of for assessing the detector of radiation relative biological effect, can pass through mould Intend the Micro-dose heparin (also known as line power spectrum) of micron cells tissue in measurement radiation field to directly obtain absorbed dose (rate) and agent It measures equivalent (rate), can be used for the fields such as space radiation, radiation protection, micro-dosimetry, radiation therapy.
Since there is tissue-equivalent proportional counter line to be capable of measuring, range is wide, and particle resolution capability is preferable, mixed suitable for space The advantages that closing the dosage measurement of radiation field, therefore be generally satisfactory in the world.Currently, tissue-equivalent proportional counter is By the standard set-up as space dosimetry, at the same time, in the radiation of the ground nuclear facilities such as nuclear power station, large-scale accelerator Also there is preferable application prospect in protective survey field.
Traditional tissue-equivalent proportional counter realizes the amplification of signal using center anode silk structure.In recent years, international On have scholar propose can by gas electronic doubling technology be applied to tissue-equivalent proportional counter, i.e., traditional tissue equivalent just Than center anode silk being replaced with GEM film, to realize the amplification of signal in counter sensitive volume.The program can reduce tissue The difficulty of processing of equivalent proportional counter micromation, and the performance of gas gain etc. can be effectively improved.
Identical as other dosage instrument, tissue-equivalent proportional counter need to equally carry out school before being applied to Radiation monitoring It is quasi-.However, the calibration for tissue-equivalent proportional counter, China is still in space state at present, and in the world usually in reality It tests under the conditions of room and tissue-equivalent proportional counter is calibrated by neutron, γ Reference radiation field etc..But due in some spies (in such as spacecraft module, reactor periphery) inconvenient dismantling for realizing tissue-equivalent proportional counter and turn under different application It moves, and needs to carry out on-line calibration, therefore above-mentioned calibration method is not suitable for such occasion.
Data show that NASA had once developed tissue-equivalent proportional counter personnel dosimeter, the dosimeter volume It is outer to use a probe for on-line calibration.But the calibrating mode is not particularly suited for the tissue based on gas electronic doubling technology Equivalent proportional counter.
Summary of the invention
It there is no on-line calibration method available to solve the tissue-equivalent proportional counter based on gas electronic doubling technology Problem, the present invention provides a kind of tissue-equivalent proportional counter on-line calibration methods.
The tissue-equivalent proportional counter on-line calibration method the following steps are included:
(1) take the source α and a low energy X ray source as calibration source, known to the calibration source energy；
(2) two calibration holes, institute are set on the tissueequivalentmaterial cathode plate of tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated Stating calibration hole can be blind hole or through-hole；
(3) when calibration hole is blind hole, the calibration source is set to the bottom surface of blind hole；It, will when calibration hole is through-hole The calibration source is set to the surface of through-hole；
(4) correspond to the position of described two calibration holes on the anode plate of tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated, point It She Zhi not two independent anode plate signal collection areas；
(5) tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated is placed in neutron, in photon mixed radiation field, collected respectively above-mentioned The charge signal in two independent anode plate signal collection areas obtains α particle and electronics in corresponding sensitive intracavitary maximum deposition Energy；At the same time, the pulse amplitude spectrum of tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated is obtained；
(6) the obtained maximum deposition energy and the impulse amplitude modal data are substituted into formulaIt calculates The line power spectrum of tissue-equivalent proportional counter measurement to be calibrated out, to realize the online of tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated Calibration；
In above-mentioned formula: y is the line energy of tissue-equivalent proportional counter measurement to be calibrated；When calibration source is the source α, ε is α Son is in corresponding sensitive intracavitary maximum deposition energy, when calibration source is low energy X ray source, ε be electronics it is corresponding it is sensitive it is intracavitary most Big Energy Deposition；It is the mean chord of micron order analogue body；H is the impulse amplitude of tissue-equivalent proportional counter measurement to be calibrated Compose road number；hcIt is that maximum deposition can corresponding road number.
The source α is preferably241The source Am or244The source Cm.
The low energy X ray source is preferably55The source Fe.
Tissue-equivalent proportional counter on-line calibration method of the invention uses the source α and low energy X ray source (energy simultaneously It is used as calibration source for 5~6keV), online school can be carried out to the tissue-equivalent proportional counter based on gas electronic doubling technology Standard, since these calibration sources can effectively cover line energy ranges different from low to high, can make calibration result cover to Across the extremely wide line power spectrum of 3 orders of magnitude, preferably solves tissue equivalent's counter based on gas electronic doubling technology The on-line calibration problem of device.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described further below with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment
Tissue-equivalent proportional counter on-line calibration method of the invention is based on gas electronic doubling technology using Mr. Yu Tissue-equivalent proportional counter on-line calibration, its step are as follows:
(1) one is taken241The source Am α and one55Fe low energy X ray source is as calibration source, known to the calibration source energy；
(2) two calibration holes, institute are set on the tissueequivalentmaterial cathode plate of tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated Stating calibration hole can be blind hole or through-hole；
(3) when calibration hole is blind hole, the calibration source is set to the bottom surface of blind hole；It, will when calibration hole is through-hole The calibration source is set to the surface of through-hole；
(4) correspond to the position of described two calibration holes on the anode plate of tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated, point It She Zhi not two independent anode plate signal collection areas；
(5) tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated is placed in neutron, in photon mixed radiation field, collected respectively above-mentioned The charge signal in two independent anode plate signal collection areas obtains α particle and electronics in corresponding sensitive intracavitary maximum deposition Energy；At the same time, the pulse amplitude spectrum of tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated is obtained；
(6) the obtained maximum deposition energy and the impulse amplitude modal data are substituted into formulaIt calculates The line power spectrum of tissue-equivalent proportional counter measurement to be calibrated out, to realize the online of tissue-equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated Calibration；
In above-mentioned formula: y is the line energy of tissue-equivalent proportional counter measurement to be calibrated；When calibration source is the source α, ε is α Son is in corresponding sensitive intracavitary maximum deposition energy, when calibration source is low energy X ray source, ε be electronics it is corresponding it is sensitive it is intracavitary most Big Energy Deposition；It is the mean chord of micron order analogue body；H is the impulse amplitude of tissue-equivalent proportional counter measurement to be calibrated Compose road number；hcIt is that maximum deposition can corresponding road number.
Calibration result is shown: tissue-equivalent proportional counter on-line calibration method method of the invention is reliable, easy to use, It is suitble to the on-line calibration of all kinds of tissue-equivalent proportional counters based on gas electronic doubling technology.

Claims (3)

1.一种组织等效正比计数器在线校准方法，其特征在于该组织等效正比计数器在线校准方法包括以下步骤：1. a tissue equivalent proportional counter online calibration method is characterized in that this tissue equivalent proportional counter online calibration method comprises the following steps: (一)取一个α源和一个低能X射线源作为校准源，所述校准源能量已知；(1) Take an alpha source and a low-energy X-ray source as calibration sources, and the calibration source energy is known; (二)在待校准组织等效正比计数器的组织等效材料阴极板上设置两个校准孔，所述校准孔可以为盲孔或通孔；(2) two calibration holes are arranged on the tissue equivalent material cathode plate of the tissue equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated, and the calibration holes can be blind holes or through holes; (三)当校准孔为盲孔时，将所述校准源设置于盲孔的底面；当校准孔为通孔时，将所述校准源设置于通孔的正上方；(3) when the calibration hole is a blind hole, the calibration source is arranged on the bottom surface of the blind hole; when the calibration hole is a through hole, the calibration source is arranged directly above the through hole; (四)在待校准组织等效正比计数器的阳极板上对应于所述两个校准孔的位置，分别设置两个独立的阳极板信号收集区；(4) two independent anode plate signal collection areas are respectively set at the positions corresponding to the two calibration holes on the anode plate of the tissue equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated; (五)将待校准组织等效正比计数器置于中子、光子混合辐射场内，分别收集上述两个独立的阳极板信号收集区的电荷信号，得到α粒子及电子在相应灵敏腔内的最大沉积能；与此同时，获取待校准组织等效正比计数器的脉冲幅度谱；(5) Place the equivalent proportional counter of the tissue to be calibrated in the neutron and photon mixed radiation field, collect the charge signals of the above two independent anode plate signal collection areas respectively, and obtain the maximum value of α particles and electrons in the corresponding sensitive cavity. deposition energy; at the same time, obtain the pulse amplitude spectrum of the tissue equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated; (六)将得到的所述最大沉积能以及所述脉冲幅度谱数据代入公式计算出待校准组织等效正比计数器测量的线能谱，从而实现待校准组织等效正比计数器的在线校准；(6) Substitute the obtained maximum deposition energy and the pulse amplitude spectrum data into the formula Calculate the line energy spectrum measured by the tissue equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated, so as to realize the online calibration of the tissue equivalent proportional counter to be calibrated; 上述公式中：y是待校准组织等效正比计数器测量的线能；校准源是α源时，ε是α粒子在相应灵敏腔内的最大沉积能，校准源是低能X射线源时，ε是电子在相应灵敏腔内的最大沉积能；是微米级模拟体的平均弦长；h是待校准组织等效正比计数器测量的脉冲幅度谱道数；hc是最大沉积能对应的道数。In the above formula: y is the linear energy measured by the equivalent proportional counter of the tissue to be calibrated; when the calibration source is an α source, ε is the maximum deposition energy of α particles in the corresponding sensitive cavity, and when the calibration source is a low-energy X-ray source, ε is The maximum deposition energy of electrons in the corresponding sensitive cavity; is the average chord length of the micron-scale simulated body; h is the number of pulse amplitude spectrum channels measured by the equivalent proportional counter of the tissue to be calibrated; h c is the number of channels corresponding to the maximum deposition energy. 2.如权利要求1所述的组织等效正比计数器在线校准方法，其特征在于：所述α源为241Am源或244Cm源。2 . The on-line calibration method for a tissue equivalent proportional counter according to claim 1 , wherein the α source is a 241 Am source or a 244 Cm source. 3 . 3.如权利要求1所述的组织等效正比计数器在线校准方法，其特征在于：所述低能X射线源为55Fe源。3 . The on-line calibration method for a tissue equivalent proportional counter according to claim 1 , wherein the low-energy X-ray source is a 55 Fe source. 4 .
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5541415A (en) * 1993-09-01 1996-07-30 Shonka Research Associates, Inc. Self-calibrating radiation detectors for measuring the areal extent of contamination
CN103278840A (en) * 2013-05-10 2013-09-04 中国原子能科学研究院 Tissue equivalent proportional counter
CN103308935A (en) * 2013-05-16 2013-09-18 中国原子能科学研究院 Electronics system of portable low-power-consumption tissue-equivalent proportional counter
CN103728649A (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-16 赛默飞世尔科技有限公司 Method and apparatus to monitor gain of a proportional counter
CN103926615A (en) * 2014-04-23 2014-07-16 中国原子能科学研究院 Two-pi multi-wire gas-flow proportional counter

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2459870B (en) * 2008-05-07 2012-06-20 Petrra Ltd Positron emission detection and imaging

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5541415A (en) * 1993-09-01 1996-07-30 Shonka Research Associates, Inc. Self-calibrating radiation detectors for measuring the areal extent of contamination
CN103728649A (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-16 赛默飞世尔科技有限公司 Method and apparatus to monitor gain of a proportional counter
CN103278840A (en) * 2013-05-10 2013-09-04 中国原子能科学研究院 Tissue equivalent proportional counter
CN103308935A (en) * 2013-05-16 2013-09-18 中国原子能科学研究院 Electronics system of portable low-power-consumption tissue-equivalent proportional counter
CN103926615A (en) * 2014-04-23 2014-07-16 中国原子能科学研究院 Two-pi multi-wire gas-flow proportional counter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
组织等效正比计数器结构优化设计;张伟华等;《原子能科学技术》;20140531;全文

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