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CN106772084A - A kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load - Google Patents

A kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106772084A
CN106772084A CN201611216533.9A CN201611216533A CN106772084A CN 106772084 A CN106772084 A CN 106772084A CN 201611216533 A CN201611216533 A CN 201611216533A CN 106772084 A CN106772084 A CN 106772084A
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China
Prior art keywords
electrokinetic cell
balancing
load
circuit
internal short
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CN201611216533.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李勇华
张志伟
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Shanghai Automotive Engineering Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Automotive Engineering Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201611216533.9A priority Critical patent/CN106772084A/en
Publication of CN106772084A publication Critical patent/CN106772084A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load, the internal short-circuit state for detecting electrokinetic cell in electric automobile, methods described comprises the following steps：Judge whether electrokinetic cell meets the operating condition of balancing the load, if then entering next step, if otherwise return to continue to judge；Load balancing operations are carried out to electrokinetic cell, and records the load balancing parameters of electrokinetic cell；According to the load balancing parameters of electrokinetic cell, the balancing the load speed v of electrokinetic cell is calculated；Balancing the load speed v according to electrokinetic cell, calculates the internal short-circuit state estimation value ε of electrokinetic cell；Internal short-circuit state estimation value ε according to electrokinetic cell, judges the internal short-circuit state of electrokinetic cell.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that not influenceed by external parameter, can detect slow internal short-circuit and need not destroy battery structure.

Description

A kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile batteries field, more particularly, to a kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection side based on balancing the load Method.
Background technology
Electrokinetic cell generally all can slowly develop a kind of " internal short-circuit " due to the problem in use and manufacturing process.It is interior The situation of portion's short circuit shows, although battery is already off, but there is the loop of part or the overall situation inside.This loop can lead The internal circulation of stream is sent a telegraph, and then consumes the energy content of battery, and produce heat.In extreme situations, battery temperature can dramatic liter Height, causes the generation of security incident.
The existing method for determining internal short-circuit of battery substantially has two in industry：First, after battery disconnects, battery Charge capacity change, substantially infer leakage current magnitude.The shortcoming of this method is, it is impossible to effectively consider inside battery The resistance variations of itself, and and its easily influenceed by the change of external temperature and battery charge capacity degree.Another is done Method is that the mutation of battery port voltage is tracked when battery charges.This method can to a certain extent find partial short-circuit Situation, but slow internal short-circuit situation can not be tracked, and can only be useful when charging.
Patent US 20140266229 adds an external voltage to each battery unit, can afterwards pass through (external add-in) Whether current measurement, judgement has internal short-circuit.But this method needs to take apart electrokinetic cell bag, and from outside to electricity Pond bag applied voltage, is both inconvenient to operate, and damage is also easily caused to electrokinetic cell.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to above mentioned problem and provides a kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load, for detecting in electric automobile in electrokinetic cell Portion's short-circuit condition, methods described comprises the following steps：
1) judge whether electrokinetic cell meets the operating condition of balancing the load, if then entering step 2), if otherwise returning Continue to judge；
2) load balancing operations are carried out to electrokinetic cell, and records the load balancing parameters of electrokinetic cell；
3) according to step 2) record electrokinetic cell load balancing parameters, calculate electrokinetic cell balancing the load speed v；
4) the balancing the load speed v according to electrokinetic cell, calculates the internal short-circuit state estimation value ε of electrokinetic cell；
5) the internal short-circuit state estimation value ε according to electrokinetic cell, judges the internal short-circuit state of electrokinetic cell.
The operating condition of the balancing the load is specially：Temperature of powered cell is in the range of temperature threshold and electrokinetic cell In full power state or charging beginning state.
The load balancing parameters include initial state-of-charge SOC (i) of electrokinetic cellstart, terminate state-of-charge SOC (i)endWith load balancing operations time Tcal2。
The step 2) it is specially：
21) electrokinetic cell departs from high tension loop to stipulated time Tcal1；
22) port voltage of electrokinetic cell is read, and obtains corresponding initial according to the port voltage of electrokinetic cell State-of-charge SOC (i)start；
23) electrokinetic cell accesses high tension loop, and balancing the load resistance switch is closed to load balancing operations time Tcal2；
24) balancing the load resistance switch disconnects, and electrokinetic cell departs from high tension loop to stipulated time Tcal1；
25) port voltage of electrokinetic cell is read, and corresponding termination is obtained according to the port voltage of electrokinetic cell State-of-charge SOC (i)end。
The balancing the load speed v of the electrokinetic cell is specially：
Wherein, SOC (i)startIt is initial state-of-charge, SOC (i)endTo terminate state-of-charge, Tcal2For balancing the load is grasped Make the time, Q (i) is battery capacity.
The internal short-circuit state estimation value ε of the electrokinetic cell is specially：
Wherein, v0Balancing the load speed when starting for the electrokinetic cell life-span.
The step 5) it is specially：
51) judge that whether internal short-circuit state estimation value ε, more than 2, if then showing that electrokinetic cell short-circuit resistance is too small, is moved Power battery is in the hole, if otherwise entering step 52)；
52) whether internal short-circuit state estimation value ε is judged more than 1.5, if then showing that electrokinetic cell is in limited function State, if otherwise entering step 52)；
53) whether internal short-circuit state estimation value ε is judged more than 1.2, if then showing that electrokinetic cell is in alert status, If otherwise showing, electrokinetic cell is still introduced into the early warning line of short-circuit condition, return to step 51).
When the electrokinetic cell is in the hole, the battery management system of electrokinetic cell will automatically disconnect high tension loop simultaneously Repid discharge is carried out by circuit.
The internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load also includes：According to the electrokinetic cell being calculated Balancing the load speed v, draws battery life-balancing the load speed curve diagram, is used to be predicted internal short-circuit of battery state.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) this method carries out load balancing operations by battery, can effectively track the change of internal short-circuit of battery Trend, while this method can exclude the influence of battery temperature and battery charge capacity, therefore the estimation for obtaining is more accurate.
(2) due to itself being just provided with balancing the load resistance in electrokinetic cell, electrokinetic cell can inherently carry out balancing the load Operation, therefore this method to electrokinetic cell without applying external voltage, without the script structure of destruction electrokinetic cell, operation letter Just electrokinetic cell will not also be caused damage while.
(3) when the operation of electrokinetic cell balancing the load is carried out, it is ensured that electrokinetic cell departs from high tension loop to the stipulated time, May insure that the temperature and environment temperature of battery are in specified range so that the state-of-charge obtained according to port voltage is can Lean on.
(4) when electrokinetic cell is in the hole, battery management system will automatically disconnect high tension loop and by circuit Carry out repid discharge, it is ensured that the security of electrokinetic cell.
(5) battery life-balancing the load speed curve diagram is depicted, internal short-circuit of battery state is predicted, can be with The time of origin of internal short-circuit of battery is substantially estimated, it is short to inside battery such that it is able to carry out balancing the load in the estimated time Detected on road.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of battery load balance；
Fig. 3 is the battery life-balancing the load speed curve diagram obtained in the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention Premised on implemented, give detailed implementation method and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to Following embodiments.
The circuit diagram of battery load balance is illustrated in figure 2, according to the operation of battery load balancing circuitry, Ke Yi The electric quantity balancing speed of record respective battery unit during each battery equilibrium.Once cell internal short circuit duration occurs, electricity The electric leakage in pond can be more and more faster.Based on the control of battery load balancing circuitry, suitably adjust compared with balancing the load in other instances Calibration value, battery management system can periodically track the development of internal short-circuit of battery, and then take measures to prevent more dangerous Situation occur.Therefore by battery load balancing speed, the variation tendency of internal short-circuit of battery can be effectively tracked, and The estimation for obtaining is more accurate, is not influenceed by battery temperature and battery charge capacity.
According to above-mentioned principle, as shown in figure 1, present embodiments providing a kind of internal short-circuit of battery inspection based on balancing the load Survey method, the internal short-circuit state for detecting electrokinetic cell in electric automobile, comprises the following steps：
1) judge whether electrokinetic cell meets the operating condition of balancing the load, if then entering step 2), if otherwise returning Continue to judge；
2) load balancing operations are carried out to electrokinetic cell, and records the load balancing parameters of electrokinetic cell：
21) electrokinetic cell departs from high tension loop to stipulated time Tcal1；
22) port voltage of electrokinetic cell is read, and obtains corresponding initial according to the port voltage of electrokinetic cell State-of-charge SOC (i)start；
23) electrokinetic cell accesses high tension loop, and balancing the load resistance switch is closed to load balancing operations time Tcal2；
24) balancing the load resistance switch disconnects, and electrokinetic cell departs from high tension loop to stipulated time Tcal1；
25) port voltage of electrokinetic cell is read, and corresponding termination is obtained according to the port voltage of electrokinetic cell State-of-charge SOC (i)end；
3) according to step 2) record electrokinetic cell load balancing parameters, calculate electrokinetic cell balancing the load speed v：
Wherein, SOC (i)startIt is initial state-of-charge, SOC (i)endTo terminate state-of-charge, Tcal2For balancing the load is grasped Make the time, Q (i) is battery capacity；
4) the balancing the load speed v according to electrokinetic cell, calculates the internal short-circuit state estimation value ε of electrokinetic cell：
Wherein, v0Balancing the load speed when starting for the electrokinetic cell life-span；
5) the internal short-circuit state estimation value ε according to electrokinetic cell, judges the internal short-circuit state of electrokinetic cell：
51) judge that whether internal short-circuit state estimation value ε, more than 2, if then showing that electrokinetic cell short-circuit resistance is too small, is moved Power battery is in the hole, if otherwise entering step 52)；
52) whether internal short-circuit state estimation value ε is judged more than 1.5, if then showing that electrokinetic cell is in limited function State, if otherwise entering step 52)；
53) whether internal short-circuit state estimation value ε is judged more than 1.2, if then showing that electrokinetic cell is in alert status, If otherwise showing, electrokinetic cell is still introduced into the early warning line of short-circuit condition, return to step 51).
According to above-mentioned steps, specific internal short-circuit of battery detection is carried out, process is as follows：
Before battery load balancing run is carried out, it is to be ensured that battery meets following situation in itself：Battery temperature is in certain model Enclose (such as, 15 degrees Celsius~25 degrees Celsius)；Each battery unit is substantially saturated with electricity (if electric charge is put down since SOC is high-end Weighing apparatus), or each battery unit when charging and starting substantially near minimum SOC (doing charge balance).
Therefore, if the situation of internal short-circuit of battery can be detected simultaneously when battery load is balanced, can ensure The estimation of the internal short-circuit of battery state for arriving is not by battery temperature and the range effects of SOC magnitudes.If certain battery unit is long Time obtains the estimation of internal short-circuit state not over the method that battery load is balanced, then can be actively fully charged in battery When, cell balancing circuit plus a period of time, reach the purpose of active detecting.
Balancing the load is proceeded by the present embodiment before charging, process is as follows：
The first step：Vehicle Keyoff.Battery is allowed to depart from high tension loop at least Tcal1Second, so may insure battery temperature and Environment temperature is all within the scope of formulation；So that the SOC value for reading reliably can be read by SOC-OCV curves；
Second step：The port voltage of each battery unit is read, and finds out the SOC (i) of each battery unitstart；
3rd step：Balanced according to battery load and required, shut balance resistance switch；
4th step：Battery load balance resistance is kept to shut the time for Tcal2Second；
5th step：All balancing the load resistance switch are opened, and keeps allowing battery to depart from high tension loop at least Tcal1Second；
6th step：The port voltage of the battery unit that reading is balanced simultaneously calculates corresponding SOC (i)end；
7th step：Calculate battery load balancing speed
8th step：The battery load balancing speed of storage correspondence battery unit and corresponding testing time are (relative to electricity The time in pond life-span) in Flash Memory.
After the completion of this work, it is possible to carry out the calculating of internal short-circuit trend：
To certain self-contained battery unit, all battery load balancing speeds and the data pair of corresponding testing time are read；
According to the amount demarcated, decide whether to take control measure：
A：It is internal if present battery load balancing speed reaches the 120% of beginning (BOL) battery load balancing speed Short-circuit resistance is roughly equivalent to five times of balancing the load resistance, and BMS starts alarm；
B：It is internal if present battery load balancing speed reaches the 150% of beginning (BOL) battery load balancing speed Short-circuit resistance is roughly equivalent to the twice of balancing the load resistance, and be placed in system " limited function state " by BMS
C：It is internal if present battery load balancing speed reaches the 200% of beginning (BOL) battery load balancing speed Short-circuit resistance is roughly equivalent to balancing the load resistance, and system is placed in " danger " state by BMS, and is reported to vehicle control device and filled Electric controller, disconnects high tension loop, and all bleed off (repid discharge) existing storing up electricity by circuit.
It should be noted that data above is all nominal data, electricity is balanced according to Vehicular system requirement and specific battery load Resistance is determined.If battery unit do not obtain battery load control speed data for a long time, BMS can use same sample prescription Method is forced these units to carry out battery load balance and is controlled.This is a special operator scheme, can depart from high-voltage line in battery Lu Hou, determines whether need to carry out according to driver's travel time.
A series of battery loads balance control data of certain battery unit is as follows.The first row is battery life data (ratio Such as, unit is day), the second row is the relative load balancing speed for initial battery load balancing speed.
1 3 7 15 24 68 112 156 209 378 565 768 1002 1232
1 1.05 1.13 1.12 1.18 1.19 1.22 1.25 1.28 1.27 1.32 1.35 1.54 1.52
Battery life-balancing the load speed curve diagram can be drawn according to above-mentioned data, as shown in figure 3, can be with from figure It is inferred to substantially at 112 days, BMS sends alarm；At 1002 days, system enters limited function state.Data with existing does not have also Triggering precarious position.In Fig. 3, dotted line shows a Trendline.BMS if it is desired, wagon control and diagnostic module can be reminded, In that future time instance, internal short-circuit of battery may result in battery system and enter precarious position.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load, the inside for detecting electrokinetic cell in electric automobile Short-circuit condition, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
1) judge whether electrokinetic cell meets the operating condition of balancing the load, if then entering step 2), if otherwise return continuing Judge；
2) load balancing operations are carried out to electrokinetic cell, and records the load balancing parameters of electrokinetic cell；
3) according to step 2) record electrokinetic cell load balancing parameters, calculate electrokinetic cell balancing the load speed v；
4) the balancing the load speed v according to electrokinetic cell, calculates the internal short-circuit state estimation value ε of electrokinetic cell；
5) the internal short-circuit state estimation value ε according to electrokinetic cell, judges the internal short-circuit state of electrokinetic cell.
2. the internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described negative The operating condition of lotus balance is specially：Temperature of powered cell in the range of temperature threshold and electrokinetic cell be in full power state or Charging beginning state.
3. the internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described negative Lotus balance parameters include initial state-of-charge SOC (i) of electrokinetic cellstart, terminate state-of-charge SOC (i)endAnd balancing the load Operating time Tcal2。
4. the internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step It is rapid 2) to be specially：
21) electrokinetic cell departs from high tension loop to stipulated time Tcal1；
22) port voltage of electrokinetic cell is read, and obtains corresponding initial charged according to the port voltage of electrokinetic cell State SOC (i)start；
23) electrokinetic cell accesses high tension loop, and balancing the load resistance switch is closed to load balancing operations time Tcal2；
24) balancing the load resistance switch disconnects, and electrokinetic cell departs from high tension loop to stipulated time Tcal1；
25) port voltage of electrokinetic cell is read, and it is charged to obtain corresponding termination according to the port voltage of electrokinetic cell State SOC (i)end。
5. the internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described dynamic The balancing the load speed v of power battery is specially：
v = ( S O C ( i ) s t a r t - S O C ( i ) e n d ) × Q ( i ) T c a l 2
Wherein, SOC (i)startIt is initial state-of-charge, SOC (i)endTo terminate state-of-charge, Tcal2During for load balancing operations Between, Q (i) is battery capacity.
6. the internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described dynamic The internal short-circuit state estimation value ε of power battery is specially：
ϵ = v v 0
Wherein, v0Balancing the load speed when starting for the electrokinetic cell life-span.
7. the internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step It is rapid 5) to be specially：
51) whether internal short-circuit state estimation value ε is judged more than 2, if then showing that electrokinetic cell short-circuit resistance is too small, power electric Pond is in the hole, if otherwise entering step 52)；
52) whether internal short-circuit state estimation value ε is judged more than 1.5, if then showing that electrokinetic cell is in limited function state, If otherwise entering step 52)；
53) whether internal short-circuit state estimation value ε is judged more than 1.2, if then showing that electrokinetic cell is in alert status, if not Then show that electrokinetic cell is still introduced into the early warning line of short-circuit condition, return to step 51).
8. the internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described dynamic When power battery is in the hole, the battery management system of electrokinetic cell is disconnected automatic high tension loop and is carried out soon by circuit Speed electric discharge.
9. the internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the base Also include in the internal short-circuit of battery detection method of balancing the load：Balancing the load speed v according to the electrokinetic cell being calculated, Battery life-balancing the load speed curve diagram is drawn, is used to be predicted internal short-circuit of battery state.
CN201611216533.9A 2016-12-26 2016-12-26 A kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection method based on balancing the load Pending CN106772084A (en)

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CN109791179A (en) * 2017-08-25 2019-05-21 深圳市云中飞网络科技有限公司 Terminal device, adapter, cell safety monitoring method and monitoring system
CN110376530A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-10-25 清华大学 Battery internal short-circuit detection device and method
CN112740504A (en) * 2018-09-25 2021-04-30 宝马股份公司 Detection of abnormal self-discharge of lithium-ion cells and battery systems

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CN109791179A (en) * 2017-08-25 2019-05-21 深圳市云中飞网络科技有限公司 Terminal device, adapter, cell safety monitoring method and monitoring system
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CN112740504B (en) * 2018-09-25 2023-11-24 宝马股份公司 Detection of abnormal self-discharge of lithium ion battery cells and battery system
CN110376530A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-10-25 清华大学 Battery internal short-circuit detection device and method
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