CN106755249A - A kind of method of degreasing high-temperature rice bran dregs of rice comprehensive utilization - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method to rice bran meal comprehensive utilization.The method includes：Raw material is after pretreatment, liquefaction, acidleach carries phytic acid, then separation of solid and liquid is carried out, solid portion obtains rice bran protein through enzymatic treatment, and supernatant fraction is heavy through alkali, further separation of solid and liquid, liquefied starch and phytate are respectively obtained, said two products through being saccharified and refining, obtain glucose and phytic acid product respectively.The method according to the invention can extract glucose in rice bran meal, phytic acid, albumen and cellulose products, and extraction process rationally, can take into account the recovery rate of each component, and comprehensive utilization ratio is high, with industrial application value higher.

Description

A method for comprehensive utilization of defatted high-temperature rice bran meal

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of rice by-products, and more specifically relates to a method for comprehensive utilization of rice bran dregs.

Background technique

my country is the largest rice producer in the world, and its total rice output accounts for about one-third of the world's total rice output. Rice bran is a by-product produced in the process of rice production. It is a renewable resource with a large amount and a wide range. It is rich in various proteins, starch, fat, phytic acid, vitamins, cellulose, etc. At present, in addition to extracting rice bran oil from rice bran in my country, others are used as low-value feed or even waste, and the waste of resources is serious.

There have been many studies on the comprehensive utilization of rice bran or defatted rice bran. For example, patent CN201210081904 mentions a method for comprehensive utilization of defatted rice bran, which extracts starch, phytic acid, protein, fiber and other products from rice bran. In the extraction process, the method first extracts the starch in the raw material, and further liquefies and saccharifies, and then extracts other products such as phytic acid from the residue. Although its comprehensive utilization rate is high, because phytic acid will partially exist in the solution under acidic conditions, the process will inevitably cause phytic acid loss. Patent CN201110004840.1 mentions a method of comprehensive utilization of rice bran, simultaneously extracting rice bran oil, rice bran crude fiber, rice bran protein, and rice bran polypeptide products from rice bran. This process discards two products of phytic acid and starch, and the comprehensive utilization rate is relatively not tall.

Patent CN201310413681.X mentioned a comprehensive utilization method of defatted rice bran, which realized the comprehensive utilization of defatted rice bran and produced four products with good quality calcium phytate, crystalline glucose, rice bran protein polypeptide and rice bran fiber, which improved the The practical application value of defatted rice bran has a very good prospect of popularization and application. However, in the process mentioned in this method, a large amount of starch will be lost in the first step of acid leaching, which will not only cause a large waste, but also cause difficulty in filtering the plate and frame due to the presence of starch. In addition, repeated acid dissolution and alkali precipitation in the process of obtaining calcium phytate consumes a large amount of acid and alkali, and the pressure on resources and environmental protection is relatively high.

Patent CN201110200584.3 mentions a comprehensive utilization method of rice bran meal, which includes liquefaction of rice bran meal, anaerobic fermentation in liquid phase, and enzymolysis, concentration and drying of solid phase as raw material for producing feed. The method extracts and utilizes starch (converted into glucose) and phytic acid (converted into inositol) in rice bran meal, but does not extract and utilize protein in rice bran meal, and the loss rate of phytic acid is relatively large in the process of starch extraction and utilization. In addition, part of the final product is still used as raw material for production of feed, and the added value is not high.

In the above-mentioned existing production process, in order to prevent the oxidative rancidity of oil in rice bran, the rice bran has undergone heat stabilization treatment, and a considerable part of the protein in the finally obtained rice bran meal has denatured and coagulated, and the actual proportion of soluble protein is greatly reduced. . Aiming at this characteristic, the present invention provides a method for comprehensive utilization of defatted high-temperature rice bran meal, which reasonably takes into account the extraction rate of each component.

Contents of the invention

In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for the comprehensive utilization of degreased high-temperature rice bran meal. The present invention can extract starch, phytic acid, protein and fiber products in rice bran meal. The extraction process is reasonable and can Taking into account the extraction rate of each component, the comprehensive utilization rate is high, and it has high industrial application value.

According to the method for comprehensive utilization of the defatted high-temperature rice bran meal of the present invention, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) raw material pretreatment: pulverize the rice bran raw material, and pass through a 20-mesh to 80-mesh sieve, preferably a 50-mesh sieve;

(2) For the product obtained in step (1), add water at a weight ratio of 1:4 to 1:10, preferably 1:6, and stir evenly;

(3) Adjust the pH of the feed liquid in step (2) to 2 to 5.5, preferably 3.5, and the temperature is 20 to 70 degrees, preferably 50 degrees, add pretreatment enzymes, and heat preservation pretreatment for 0.5 to 3 hours;

(4) The feed liquid in step (3) does not need any treatment, directly adjust its pH to 6.0 to 8.0, preferably 6.0, and the temperature is 60 to 100 degrees, add liquefaction enzyme TSC to keep it liquefied for 2 to 8 hours, and then add calcium chloride , continue to keep warm for about 1 to 2 hours;

(5) According to the enzyme used, adjust the feed liquid pH and temperature of step (4);

(6) The feed liquid obtained in step (5) is subjected to solid-liquid separation, plate and frame filtration or centrifugation can be used, and the filtrate or centrifuge liquid is combined;

(7) For the liquid obtained in step (6), first use saturated _Ca (OH) solution to adjust the pH to 8-12, preferably 9, stir for 30 minutes, form a precipitate, and carry out solid-liquid separation. box filter;

(8) For the liquid obtained in step (7), dilute hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 3 to 6, preferably 4.5, and the temperature is 30 to 70 degrees, preferably 45 to 65 degrees, more preferably 60 degrees, add glucoamylase, add The amount is the minimum amount required, and saccharified for 48 hours to obtain a glucose solution;

(9) For the solid obtained in step (7), dilute hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH to 2-6, preferably 3.5, until all the solids are dissolved, filtered, and the filtrate enters a cation exchange resin for refining to finally obtain a phytic acid solution;

(10) Add water to the solid obtained in step (6) at a material-to-liquid weight ratio of 1:5 to 1:20, preferably 1:5 to 1:15, more preferably 1:10, and enter the colloid mill for pulverization , adjust the pH value and temperature, add a variety of enzymes for treatment, and separate by cyclone to obtain protein and cellulose products.

Preferably, the pretreatment enzyme in step 3) can be selected from one or more of Viscozyme, complex cellulase and endoglucanase, and the amount of the pretreatment enzyme is 0.1‰ to 10% of the raw material ‰, preferably 0.5‰ to 2‰.

According to the method of the present invention, the yield of glucose is about 27%, the yield of phytic acid is about 6.5%, the yield of rice bran protein is about 70%, and the yield of cellulose is about 15%.

Beneficial effect

According to the preparation method of the present invention, the process is simple, the extraction process is reasonable, the extraction rate of each component can be considered, the comprehensive utilization rate is high, no large amount of acid and alkali is introduced in the process, the method is economical and environmentally friendly, and has high industrial application value. In addition, the separation of one component will reduce the cost of subsequent component extraction and improve the purity of the subsequent component. The invention makes full use of biological resources and can generate greater economic benefits.

detailed description

According to the method of the present invention, the material-liquid weight ratio of the raw material sieved in step (1) in step (2) to water is 1:4 to 1:10, preferably 1:6. When the weight ratio of material to liquid is less than 1:4, that is, when the amount of water added is insufficient, the concentration of raw materials is too large, resulting in insufficient reaction in the subsequent reaction steps; when the weight ratio of material to liquid is greater than 1:10, that is, when the amount of water added is too large, it will cause Waste of water, meanwhile, in order to strengthen the reaction of raw materials in subsequent steps, more reagents such as enzymes need to be added, and the economy is not good.

The feed liquid pH and temperature in step (2) can be adjusted according to the pretreatment enzyme used. For example, when using complex cellulase, the pH is about 6, the temperature is controlled at 55 degrees, and the heat preservation pretreatment is 1 hour. When using endoglucanase, the pH is about 7, the temperature is controlled at 70 degrees, and the heat preservation pretreatment 1 hour. Preferably, the pH of the feed solution is adjusted to 2 to 5.5, preferably 3.5, the temperature is 20 to 70 degrees, preferably 50 degrees, and the heat preservation pretreatment is 0.5 to 3 hours.

Preferably, the pretreatment enzyme in step 3) can be selected from one or more of Viscozyme, complex cellulase and endoglucanase, and the amount of the pretreatment enzyme is 0.1‰ to 10% of the raw material ‰, preferably 0.5‰ to 2‰. If the amount of the pretreatment enzyme is less than 0.1‰, the amount of the pretreatment enzyme is insufficient, causing the reaction time to be too long, and is not conducive to the subsequent reaction steps; if the amount of the pretreatment enzyme is greater than 10‰, the pretreatment enzyme The dosage is too large, causing the reaction speed to be too fast and difficult to control, and the cost is greatly increased, not economical enough.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. Before proceeding with the description, it should be understood that the terms used in this specification and appended claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary and dictionary meanings, but should be best interpreted while allowing the inventor to properly define the terms On the basis of the principles of the present invention, explanations are made based on meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical aspects of the present invention. Accordingly, the descriptions set forth herein are preferred examples for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so that it should be understood that other, etc. price or improvement.

The following examples are only listed as examples of embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand that modifications within the scope of not departing from the essence and design of the present invention all fall into the protection of the present invention. scope. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and instruments used in the following examples are all commercially available products.

Example 1:

(1) Raw material pretreatment: pass the defatted high-temperature rice bran meal raw material through a 50-mesh sieve;

(2) Get 30g of raw material under the sieve obtained in step (1), add water by material-liquid ratio 1:4, stir;

(3) Adjust the feed liquid condition pH=3.5 in step (2), temperature 50 degrees, add pretreatment enzyme Viscozyme 150ul, heat preservation pretreatment 1h;

(4) adjust the feed liquid pH=6 in step (3), the temperature is 90 degrees, add 0.1mol/L CaCl ₂ 10ml, add liquefying enzyme TSC 300ul, liquefy for 1h, and pass the iodine test, wherein TSC is a liquid The enzyme preparation contains α-amylase with strong thermal stability, which is expressed and made from genetically modified Bacillus. The classification name of the enzyme is 1,4-α-D type glucan hydrolase (EC3.2.1.1), which is a commercially available product;

(5) adjusting the feed liquid pH of step (4) to be 2.5, the temperature is 40 degrees, and the temperature is kept for 2 hours;

(6) Suction filter the feed liquid obtained in step (5), wash twice with 3 parts of water each, and mix the filtrates.

(7) The liquid obtained in the step (6) is first adjusted to pH=6 with Ca(OH) ₂ , then adjusted to pH=8 with NaOH, stirred for 30 minutes to form a precipitate, and filtered;

(8) For the mixed liquid obtained in step (7), adjust the pH to 4.5, the temperature is 60°C, add glucoamylase (0.03%), and saccharify for 48 hours to finally obtain the glucose product;

(9) The solid obtained in step (7) is dissolved by adding an acid, filtered through a 0.01 micron ultrafiltration membrane, enters the anion exchange resin 717, and enters the cation exchange resin 732 after elution (the resins are all purchased from Tianjin Nankai Synthetic Technology Co., Ltd. ), and finally obtain the phytic acid product;

(10) Add water to the solid obtained in step (6) according to the ratio of material to liquid 1:10, adjust the pH value to 6, add Cellucalst enzyme, after 3 hours of treatment, adjust the pH to 3.5, and add viscozyme enzyme for treatment at a temperature of 50 degrees For one hour, adjust the pH to 8 and the temperature to 55 degrees, add alkaline protease to treat for 2 hours, and separate by cyclone to obtain two products of protein and cellulose.

The final glucose yield was 26.3%, phytic acid yield was 6%, rice bran protein yield was 43.3%, and cellulose yield was 17.3%.

Example 2:

(1) Raw material pretreatment: pass the defatted high-temperature rice bran meal raw material through a 50-mesh sieve;

(2) Get 30g of raw material under the sieve obtained in step (1), add water by material-liquid ratio 1:4, stir;

(3) Adjust the feed liquid condition pH=3.5 in step (2), temperature 50 degrees, add pretreatment enzyme Viscozyme 150ul, heat preservation pretreatment 1h;

(4) adjust the pH of the feed liquid in step (3) to 6, the temperature is 90 degrees, add 0.1mol/L CaCl ₂ 10ml, add liquefying enzyme TSC 300ul, liquefy for 1h, and pass the iodine test;

(5) adjusting the feed liquid pH of step (4) to be 2.5, the temperature is 40 degrees, and the temperature is kept for 2 hours;

(6) Suction filter the feed liquid obtained in step (5), wash twice with 3 parts of water each, and mix the filtrates.

(7) The liquid obtained in the step (6) was adjusted to pH=8 with NaOH, stirred for 30 minutes to form a precipitate, and filtered;

(8) For the mixed liquid obtained in step (7), adjust the pH to 4.5, the temperature is 60°C, add glucoamylase (0.03%), and saccharify for 48 hours to finally obtain the glucose product;

(9) After the solid obtained in step (7) is dissolved by adding acid, it is filtered by a 0.01 micron ultrafiltration membrane, enters the anion exchange resin 717, enters the cation exchange resin 732 after being eluted, and finally obtains a phytic acid product;

(10) With the solid obtained in step (6), add water according to the ratio of material to liquid at 1:10, use a colloid mill to treat it for 1 hour (there is no such step in Example 1), adjust the pH value to 6, add Cellucalst enzyme, and process 3 After 1 hour, adjust the pH to 3.5, the temperature is 50 degrees, add viscozyme enzyme treatment for one hour, adjust the pH to 8, the temperature is 55 degrees, add alkaline protease for 2 hours, cyclone separation, and obtain two products of protein and cellulose.

The final yield of glucose was 26%, that of phytic acid was 5.3%, that of rice bran protein was 26.6%, and that of fiber was 19.3%.

Claims (5)

1. A method for comprehensive utilization of defatted high-temperature rice bran meal, the method comprising the following steps: (1) Raw material pretreatment: pulverize the rice bran raw material and pass through a 20-mesh sieve to 80-mesh sieve; (2) for the product obtained in step (1), add water in a weight ratio of 1:4 to 1:10, and stir evenly; (3) adjusting the pH of the feed liquid in step (2) to 2 to 5.5, and the temperature to 20 to 70 degrees, adding pretreatment enzymes, and incubating and pretreating for 0.5 to 3 hours; (4) The feed liquid in step (3) does not need any treatment, directly adjust its pH to 6.0 to 8.0, and the temperature to 60 to 100 degrees, add liquefying enzyme TSC to keep warm and liquefy for 2 to 8 hours, then add calcium chloride, and continue to keep warm About 1 to 2 hours; (5) According to the enzyme used, adjust the feed liquid pH and temperature of step (4); (6) The feed liquid obtained in step (5) is subjected to solid-liquid separation, plate and frame filtration or centrifugation can be used, and the filtrate or centrifuge liquid is combined; (7) For the liquid obtained in step (6), first adjust the pH to 8-12 with a saturated _Ca (OH) solution, stir for 30 minutes, form a precipitate, and carry out solid-liquid separation, which can be achieved by centrifugation or plate and frame filtration; (8) For the liquid obtained in step (7), adjust the pH to 3 to 6 with dilute hydrochloric acid, and the temperature is 30 to 70 degrees, add glucoamylase in the minimum amount required, and saccharify for 48 hours to obtain a glucose solution ; (9) For the solid obtained in step (7), dilute hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH to 2-6, until all solids are dissolved, filtered, and the filtrate enters a cation exchange resin for refining to finally obtain a phytic acid solution; (10) Add water to the solid obtained in step (6) at a material-to-liquid weight ratio of 1:5 to 1:20, enter the colloid mill for pulverization, adjust the pH value and temperature, add various enzymes for treatment, and then spin Separate to obtain protein and cellulose products. 2. the method for the comprehensive utilization of defatted high-temperature rice bran meal according to claim 1, is characterized in that, In the step (1), the rice bran raw material is pulverized through a 50-mesh sieve; In step (2), add water as 1:6 by the weight ratio of material to liquid, and stir evenly; In the step (3), the feed liquid pH of the adjustment step (2) is 3.5, and the temperature is 50 degrees; The feed liquid of step (3) in step (4) directly adjusts its pH to be 6.0; In step (7), use saturated _Ca (OH) solution to adjust the pH to 9; In step (8), the pH is adjusted to 4.5 with dilute hydrochloric acid, and the temperature is 45 to 65 degrees, more preferably 60 degrees; In step (9), dilute hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH to 3.5; In step (10), water is added at a material-to-liquid weight ratio of 1:5 to 1:15, more preferably 1:10. 3. The method for comprehensive utilization of defatted high-temperature rice bran meal according to claim 1, characterized in that, in said step 3), said pretreatment enzyme is selected from Viscozyme, composite cellulase and endoglucanase One or more, the amount of the pretreatment enzyme is 0.1‰ to 10‰ of the raw material. 4. The method for comprehensive utilization of defatted high-temperature rice bran meal according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of the pretreatment enzyme in the step 3) is 0.5‰ to 2‰ of the raw material. 5. The method for comprehensive utilization of defatted high-temperature rice bran meal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, according to the method, the yield of glucose is about 27% or more, and the yield of phytic acid is about 6.5% Above, the rice bran protein yield is about 70% or more, and the cellulose yield is about 15% or more.