CN106750093A - 一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯发泡体系及基于其的冰箱 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯发泡体系及基于其的冰箱，其发泡原料由组合聚醚、物理发泡剂HFC‑245fa、物理发泡剂HFO‑1233zd(E)以及异氰酸酯按一定的质量份数比复配后组成。本发明的聚氨酯发泡体系保温性能较好，力学性能较高，并且不燃不爆；由该体系发泡液制成的硬质聚氨酯泡沫导热系数较低、力学性能较强，从而提高冰箱的保温性能以及结构稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于低温存储设备领域，具体的说是一种使用新型发泡体系的保温性能良好的家用/商用的冰箱。
背景技术
随着科技的进步，冰箱作为一种低温存储设备，无论是用于家庭日常生活，还是用于科研或医疗等领域，需求量日益增加，同时对节能环保的要求也愈加苛刻。
目前冰箱大部分还是采用传统聚氨酯发泡体系进行制作，其以环戊烷为主要物理发泡剂。该发泡剂保温性能差，导致冰箱能耗高，已经不能满足对保温性能日益升高的要求，因此开发更加节能环保的冰箱发泡体系势在必行。
发明内容
本发明是为解决上述现有技术所存在的不足之处，提供一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯发泡体系及基于其的冰箱，旨在改善其保温性能，进而制作更加节能的冰箱。
本发明首先公开了用于冰箱的聚氨酯发泡体系，其各原料按质量份的构成为：
其中：所述组合聚醚的官能度为3-6，室温下粘度为600-800mPa·s；所述异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯，异氰酸根含量30-32％，室温下粘度为200-400mPa·s。
所述组合聚醚包含聚醚多元醇成分、催化剂和表面活性剂，其中聚醚多元醇成分由以下质量分数各物质组成：
所述聚醚多元醇A是以甘露醇和/或山梨醇为起始剂的聚醚多元醇；
所述聚醚多元醇B是以三羟甲基丙烷为起始剂的聚醚多元醇；
所述聚醚多元醇C是以蔗糖为起始剂的聚醚多元醇；
所述聚醚多元醇D是以三乙醇胺、乙二胺、甲醛、二乙醇、苯酚或甲苯二胺的几种经曼式反应得到产物为起始剂的氨基聚醚多元醇。
本发明进一步公开了一种冰箱，其箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫由上述的聚氨酯发泡体系制造而成，制造方法如下：
1)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，将组合聚醚、物理发泡剂HFC-245fa和物理发泡剂HFO-1233zd(E)按配比混合，得到混合白料；
2)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，按配比将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合后，快速注入待发泡的冰箱箱体中；
4)待发泡的冰箱箱体模具温度控制在40～55℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.5～1.8，经过180s～600s固化后，脱模，即在冰箱箱体中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫。
本发明的有益效果体现在：
1、本发明的聚氨酯发泡体系保温性能较好，力学性能较高，并且不燃不爆；由该体系发泡液制成的硬质聚氨酯泡沫导热系数较低、力学性能较强，从而提高冰箱的保温性能以及结构稳定性。
2、本发明的聚氨酯发泡体系，采用性能优异的HFC-245fa和HFO-1233zd(E)两种物理发泡剂，大幅提高了硬质聚氨酯泡沫的保温性能，从而降低了冰箱能耗；
3、本发明的聚氨酯发泡体系，采用性能优异的HFC-245fa和HFO-1233zd(E)两种物理发泡剂，可降低硬质聚氨酯泡沫的泡孔孔径，从而提高硬质聚氨酯泡沫的压缩强度，以及泡沫的尺寸稳定性，有利于冰箱结构的稳定；
4、本发明采用的两种物理发泡剂均不可燃，无需防火防爆处理，可避免火灾隐患，极大的保障了生产安全。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例说明本发明，但本发明并不仅仅限定于这些实施例。
下述实施例所用组合聚醚是由巴斯夫聚氨酯特种产品(中国)有限公司提供，牌号为CH2030/131；所用黑料多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯为家用冰箱通用黑料，由巴斯夫聚氨酯特种产品(中国)有限公司、万华化学集团股份有限公司、陶氏化学(中国)投资有限公司提供，牌号为PM-2010。
实施例1
本实施例聚氨酯发泡体系的各原料按质量份的构成为：
利用本实施例的聚氨酯发泡体系，制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的步骤如下：
1)在物料温度20℃条件下，将组合聚醚、物理发泡剂HFC-245fa和物理发泡剂HFO-1233zd(E)按配比混合，得到混合白料；
2)在物料温度20℃条件下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3)在物料温度20℃条件下，按配比将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合后，快速注入待发泡的冰箱箱体中；
4)待发泡的冰箱箱体模具温度控制在45℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.6，经过300s固化后，从模具中取出发泡箱体，即在冰箱箱体中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫。
待发泡箱体冷却至室温后，将箱体中的硬质聚氨酯泡沫取出，并测试其相关性能，结果见表1。
实施例2
本实施例聚氨酯发泡体系的各原料按质量份的构成为：
利用本实施例的聚氨酯发泡体系，制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的方法与实施例1相同。
待发泡箱体冷却至室温后，将箱体中的硬质聚氨酯泡沫取出，并测试其相关性能，结果见表1。
实施例3
本实施例聚氨酯发泡体系的各原料按质量份的构成为：
利用本实施例的聚氨酯发泡体系，制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的方法与实施例1相同。
待发泡箱体冷却至室温后，将箱体中的硬质聚氨酯泡沫取出，并测试其相关性能，结果见表1。
对比例
本实施例聚氨酯发泡体系的各原料按质量份的构成为：
组合聚醚 100份；
物理发泡剂环戊烷 13份；
异氰酸酯 144份。
利用本实施例的聚氨酯发泡体系，制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的方法与实施例1相同。
待发泡箱体冷却至室温后，将箱体中的硬质聚氨酯泡沫取出，并测试其相关性能，结果见表1。
表1
| 参数 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例 |
| 黑白料料比 | 1.20:1 | 1.20:1 | 1.20:1 | 1.27:1 |
| HFC-245fa、HFO-1233zd(E)份数 | 15、15 | 10、20 | 20、10 | / |
| 环戊烷份数 | / | / | / | 13 |
| 物料温度℃ | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| 模具温度℃ | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 |
| 填充系数α | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
| 固化时间s | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 |
| 平均芯密度kg/m3 | 31.4 | 31.2 | 32.0 | 38.8 |
| 平均导热系数10℃mW/mK | 17.4 | 17.2 | 17.5 | 20.3 |
| 平均压缩强度kpa垂直方向⊥/水平方向∥ | 192/168 | 195/169 | 186/163 | 177/152 |
| 体积收缩率-70℃24h％ | 0.48 | 0.45 | 0.44 | 0.63 |
Claims (4)
1.一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯发泡体系，其特征在于：所述聚氨酯发泡体系的各原料按质量份的构成为：
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯发泡体系，其特征在于：所述组合聚醚的官能度为3-6，室温下粘度为600-800mPa·s；
所述异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯，异氰酸根含量30-32％，室温下粘度为200-400mPa·s。
3.一种冰箱，其特征在于：所述冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫由权利要求1或2所述的聚氨酯发泡体系制造而成。
4.一种由权利要求1或2所述的聚氨酯发泡体系制造冰箱箱体中的保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
1)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，将组合聚醚、物理发泡剂HFC-245fa和物理发泡剂HFO-1233zd(E)按配比混合，得到混合白料；
2)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，将异氰酸酯放入预混罐中搅拌均匀，得到黑料；
3)在物料温度15～25℃条件下，按配比将黑料与混合白料通过高压发泡机混合后，快速注入待发泡的冰箱箱体中；
4)待发泡的冰箱箱体模具温度控制在40～55℃，发泡原料在模具中填充系数α为1.5～1.8，经过180s～600s固化后，脱模，即在冰箱箱体中形成保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫。
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| CN107163220A (zh) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥美菱股份有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯发泡体系及基于其的冰箱 |
| CN107163221A (zh) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥美菱股份有限公司 | 一种用于冰箱的优质聚氨酯发泡体系及基于其的冰箱 |
| CN107200827A (zh) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-09-26 | 合肥美菱股份有限公司 | 一种用于冰箱门体翻转梁的发泡聚氨酯及其应用 |
| CN107383334A (zh) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-11-24 | 河南光阳节能材料有限公司 | 低密、低重量比聚氨酯组合聚醚及硬质泡沫 |
| CN107522844A (zh) * | 2017-09-27 | 2017-12-29 | 合肥美菱股份有限公司 | 一种用于冰箱的聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法 |
| CN107522835A (zh) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-29 | 合肥美菱股份有限公司 | 一种高粘度快反应聚氨酯发泡体系及其应用 |
| CN108864396A (zh) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-23 | 长虹美菱股份有限公司 | 一种冰箱聚氨酯硬泡发泡配方及其制备方法 |
| CN110698714A (zh) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-17 | 长虹美菱股份有限公司 | 一种基于保温冰箱的保温发泡系统 |
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| CN107522835A (zh) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-29 | 合肥美菱股份有限公司 | 一种高粘度快反应聚氨酯发泡体系及其应用 |
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| CN110698714A (zh) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-17 | 长虹美菱股份有限公司 | 一种基于保温冰箱的保温发泡系统 |
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